WO1997039517A1 - Switch mode power supply - Google Patents
Switch mode power supply Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997039517A1 WO1997039517A1 PCT/IB1997/000384 IB9700384W WO9739517A1 WO 1997039517 A1 WO1997039517 A1 WO 1997039517A1 IB 9700384 W IB9700384 W IB 9700384W WO 9739517 A1 WO9739517 A1 WO 9739517A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bead
- mode power
- power supply
- switch mode
- switching
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
Definitions
- the invenuon relates to a switch mode power supply provided with controlled main switching means which are switched to the conducting and non-conducting state periodically by means of a switching signal and which are provided with a control electrode and two main electrodes.
- Such a supply is known inter alia from electronic ballasts of the EMC 035-S01 and EMC 070-S01 types, make Philips, designed for igniting and operating metal halide lamps.
- the known ballasts are equipped with two DC-DC converters, one of the upconverter or boost converter type and one of the downconverter or Buck converter type.
- Another known type is the flyback converter. This type of converter is also known under the designation Buck-boost converter.
- Each of these DC-DC converter types is suitable per se for use as a switch mode power supply, and are indeed widely used in, for example, supply units and drives for tools and domestic appliances, supplies for lighting equipment, and the like.
- the controlled main switching means are preferably switched into the conducting and non-conducting state with a frequency above 20 kHz so as to avoid noise pollution. Switching frequencies of a few hundreds of kHz are quite usual here. The use of high frequencies is furthermore advantageous because it implies that inductive means, which always form part of the converters and supplies, can be comparatively small.
- a comparatively fast switching from the conducting into the non ⁇ conducting state of the switching means and vice versa is generally desirable because it has a strongly reducing effect on the switching losses accompanying the switching.
- This fast switching has the consequence that high-frequency signals are generated.
- the control electrode of the main switching means in each of the converters is provided with a branch comprising a parallel arrangement of a rectifier and an ohmic impedance in order to safeguard a sufficient delay in the switching of the switching means to the conducting state.
- each converter is provided with a so-called dV/dt capacitor for counteracting radio interference. This has the disadvantage, however, that the energy stored in the capacitor is dissipated in the switch.
- the invention has for its object to provide a measure for further reducing the switching losses on the one hand and for counteracting interference signals accompanying fast switching on the other hand.
- a switch mode power supply of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph is for this purpose characterized in that a ceramic bead is directly electrically connected to one of the main electrodes of the controlled main switching means.
- the presence of the bead in one of the main electrode branches effectively counteracts the occurrence of a high-frequency interference signal caused by fast switching of the switching means and also further promotes the reduction of switching losses.
- the energy stored in the bead in fact promotes a faster charging of the parasitic capacitance of the charging means during switching of the controlled switching means to the non-conducting state, and thus a faster switching of the switching means.
- the bead controls the current rise through the switching means during switching to the conducting state, which contributes to a reduction in high-frequency interference signals. This renders it possible both to dispense with the dV/dt capacitance and to simplify the control circuit through the elimination of the parallel arrangement of rectifier and ohmic impedance.
- a further advantage of the use of the bead is the property that this bead has a considerable ohmic impedance for high frequencies. Oscillations of parasitic capacitances and self-inductances at high frequencies are strongly damped thereby.
- the ceramic bead is a ferrite bead, because of the suitable magnetic properties of ferrite.
- the fast switching particularly relates to FETs.
- the use of a bead accompanied by the elimination of the parallel arrangement in the control circuit may indeed give rise to such a high voltage across the FET that the latter enters a zener state, but the energy stored in the bead will be insufficient, because of the very low self-inductance value of the bead, for reaching and exceeding the avalanche energy of the FET.
- the bead can be placed in series with any of the two main electrodes, i.e. drain and source.
- the bead is connected in series with the drain of the FET.
- snubbers for bipolar transistors as a means of reducing switching losses and counteracting interference signals.
- the combined use of a self-inductance, diode, resistor, and capacitor is necessary for practical snubbers if they are to be effective in switching both to the conducting and to the non-conducting state.
- Fig. 1 is a diagram of a switch mode power supply of the upconverter type according to the prior art
- Fig. 2 is a diagram of a switch mode power supply of the downconverter type according to the prior art
- Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrams of switch mode power supplies according to the invention of the upconverter and downconverter types, respectively, and
- Fig. 5 is a diagram of a switch mode power supply according to the invention of the flyback converter type.
- a switch mode power supply comprises input terminals 1, self-inductance means L, switching means S, rectifying means D, and output terminals 2.
- the output terminals are often interconnected by a voltage buffer in the form of a buffer capacitor 3.
- the controlled main switching means are provided with two main electrodes 7, 8 and a control electrode 6.
- the control electrode 6 of the main switching means S is provided with a branch comprising a parallel arrangement of a rectifier and an ohmic impedance 9 in order to safeguard a sufficient delay in switching of the switching means to the conducting state, and thus to counteract the generation of EMI.
- the switch mode power supply shown in Fig. 1 is an upconverter or boost converter.
- the main switching means S are shunted here by a capacitor 5 acting as a dV/dt capacitance.
- the capacitor 5 acting as the dV/dt capacitance is placed between the two main electrodes 7, 8 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2.
- This relates to a downconverter or Buck converter.
- a ceramic bead 10 is included in series with the main electrode 7 of the controlled main switching means S, and electrically directly connected thereto.
- the controlled main switching means are formed by a type STP4NA60F1 FET, make Thomson-SGS.
- the bead used is a ferrite bead, type BL02RN2, make Murata.
- the ohmic impedance thereof rises from 40 ⁇ at a frequency of 5 MHz to 140 ⁇ at 300 MHz.
- the self-inductance value is 1.6 ⁇ U.
- the practical realizations of the upconverter or boost converter and the downconverter as described above each form part of a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating a high-pressure discharge lamp, for example of the CDM35W type, make Philips, with a power rating of 39 W.
- the lamp has a nominal lamp voltage Via of 90 V.
- the circuit arrangement is suitable for connection to a supply source, for example a voltage source of 220 V, 50 Hz, and comprises a rectifier arrangement which converts the AC voltage supplied by the supply source into a DC voltage.
- the DC voltage thus formed serves as a supply for the upconverter or boost converter, for which purpose the rectifier device is connected to the input terminals of said upconverter or boost converter.
- the upconverter or boost converter supplies a DC voltage of 400 V at its output terminals, which are at the same time the input terminals of the downconverter.
- the open voltage at the output terminals of the downconverter is 380 V.
- the downconverter acts as a controlled current generator for an ignited lamp during stable operation, the voltage at the output terminals of the downconverter being approximately 90 V in that case.
- the lamp is included in a commutator network in order to counteract cataphoresis in the lamp, said network being connected to the output terminals of the downconverter.
- the upconverter or boost converter and the downconverter each switch with a frequency between 70 kHz and 200 kHz during operation of the circuit arrangement.
- Switching-off of the current through the converter to 0 A takes place very quickly, within a time interval of 40 ns, in the downconverter during switching of the controlled main switching means to the non-conducting state.
- the voltage between the main electrodes rises to 400 V in 50 ns in that case.
- Switching-off of the current to 0 A takes place in 20 ns in the upconverter, and the voltage rise to 400 V takes 100 ns.
- the voltage drop to 0 V between the main electrodes of the controlled main switching means takes place in 20 ns.
- the rise of the current is somewhat delayed here, inter alia as a result of the inductive means, including the ferrite bead, present in the relevant converter.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9536904A JPH11510680A (en) | 1996-04-18 | 1997-04-10 | Switch mode power supply |
EP97908471A EP0834213A1 (en) | 1996-04-18 | 1997-04-10 | Switch mode power supply |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96201037.7 | 1996-04-18 | ||
EP96201037 | 1996-04-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997039517A1 true WO1997039517A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
Family
ID=8223880
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB1997/000384 WO1997039517A1 (en) | 1996-04-18 | 1997-04-10 | Switch mode power supply |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0834213A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11510680A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997039517A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4213082A (en) * | 1978-10-27 | 1980-07-15 | Burroughs Corporation | Voltage regulator |
DE4000056A1 (en) * | 1989-04-21 | 1990-10-25 | Transform Roentgen Matern Veb | Modular assembly for high voltage transistor frequency changer - provides physical separation of power output, control module and pulse unit in minimum space |
-
1997
- 1997-04-10 EP EP97908471A patent/EP0834213A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-04-10 WO PCT/IB1997/000384 patent/WO1997039517A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-04-10 JP JP9536904A patent/JPH11510680A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4213082A (en) * | 1978-10-27 | 1980-07-15 | Burroughs Corporation | Voltage regulator |
DE4000056A1 (en) * | 1989-04-21 | 1990-10-25 | Transform Roentgen Matern Veb | Modular assembly for high voltage transistor frequency changer - provides physical separation of power output, control module and pulse unit in minimum space |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 12, No. 486, E-695; & JP,A,63 202 263 (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC WORKS LTD), 22 August 1988. * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0834213A1 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
JPH11510680A (en) | 1999-09-14 |
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