WO1997026128A1 - Method of producing a hollow body for high internal or external pressure - Google Patents

Method of producing a hollow body for high internal or external pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997026128A1
WO1997026128A1 PCT/DE1997/000081 DE9700081W WO9726128A1 WO 1997026128 A1 WO1997026128 A1 WO 1997026128A1 DE 9700081 W DE9700081 W DE 9700081W WO 9726128 A1 WO9726128 A1 WO 9726128A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inner container
pressure
hollow body
reinforcement
high internal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1997/000081
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen RABE
Original Assignee
Rabe Juergen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rabe Juergen filed Critical Rabe Juergen
Priority to AU21488/97A priority Critical patent/AU2148897A/en
Priority to EP97914067A priority patent/EP0874727A1/en
Publication of WO1997026128A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997026128A1/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/16Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/24Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects high-pressure containers, e.g. boilers, bottles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/02Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore of moulding techniques only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B29C70/446Moulding structures having an axis of symmetry or at least one channel, e.g. tubular structures, frames
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D22/00Producing hollow articles
    • B29D22/003Containers for packaging, storing or transporting, e.g. bottles, jars, cans, barrels, tanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/001Shaping in several steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/0715Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/02Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C41/14Dipping a core
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/06Injection blow-moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/56Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7154Barrels, drums, tuns, vats
    • B29L2031/7156Pressure vessels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01Shape
    • F17C2201/0104Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607Coatings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619Single wall with two layers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636Metals
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066Plastics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0673Polymers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2109Moulding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a hollow body for high internal or external pressure according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Known hollow bodies for high internal pressure are known in the form of steel gas cylinders for technical gases such as oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, helium or the like, for example for welding purposes. These hollow bodies are designed for pressures up to over 200 bar. High-pressure bottles of this type must be checked for strength at certain intervals, since the weld seams in particular represent a particular source of danger. High pressure tanks made of steel or aluminum are also used in the automotive industry, for example for inflating air bags or for storing natural gas (CNG) or hydrogen (H 2 ) for alternative drives. These high pressure tanks are relatively heavy and expensive to manufacture for the required operating pressures of up to about 600 bar and the specified burst pressure of up to about 700 bar.
  • CNG natural gas
  • H 2 hydrogen
  • the object of the present invention is to be able to produce a hollow body for very high internal or external pressures economically, economically in terms of production technology, inexpensively and with low weight.
  • the gas-tight layer can be made relatively thin and also made of plastic and can be produced very inexpensively with a low weight.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a hollow body according to the invention, partly in section,
  • Fig. 1 denotes a hollow body with an opening 2.
  • the opening 2 is sealed gas-tight with a pressure-resistant membrane 3.
  • the hollow body 1 consists of an inner gastight preform 4 which has undergone the processes listed below and an outer layer 5 which surrounds it without inclusion and which essentially determines the compressive strength of the hollow body 1.
  • the hollow body 1 is produced by the following process steps according to the invention:
  • a preform 6, a so-called preform, is produced for an inner container 4 to be produced therefrom from metal or in particular from a gas-tight plastic, that is to say highly resistant to gas permeation.
  • a gas-tight plastic that is to say highly resistant to gas permeation.
  • the preform 6 has a size of only about 1/3 or 1/4 the size of the inner container 4 to be produced or even less.
  • the preform 6 has a handling part 7, for example for holding and manipulating the inner container 4 and a section 8 to be expanded, which later forms the actual inner container 4.
  • Method step 3 inserted into an at least two-part first mold and inflated or expanded by applying a high internal pressure to the shape of the inner container 4.
  • Molecular orientation occurs in the plastic, which significantly increases the strength of the plastic.
  • the inner container 4 obtained in this way can then be provided with a reinforcement 9 in an optional method step 4), depending on the required load capacity, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by the cross hatching.
  • This reinforcement 9 can be made of metal, for example made of high-strength steel, chrome steel, chrome-nickel steel, copper, brass, bronze or of another high-strength metal or a metal alloy, for example in the manner of cans as are commercially available for lemonades or beer. or consist of a high-strength plastic.
  • the reinforcement 9 is pushed in the form of wire, fabric, braid, as a corrugated tube, fabric hose, in a spiral shape or the like over the inner container 4 or wound onto the inner container 4.
  • a high internal pressure is generated in the inner container 4, which completely or almost completely prevents the same from being deformed.
  • a process step 5 the inner container 4 or the reinforced inner container 4 is inserted into a further at least two-part form which is larger than the inner container 4 or the reinforced inner container 4 and encapsulated therein with a heavy-duty plastic 10.
  • the optionally reinforced inner container 4 can also be immersed in a polymerizable and hardening plastic made in particular of epoxy or polyester resin. It can also be wet-wrapped with a reinforcing material that is soaked or surrounded with a polymerizable and hardening plastic compound. In both of these cases, the polymerization and curing take place while the inner container 4 is rotating in the horizontal position thereof.
  • the encapsulation or wet wrapping takes place at such high internal pressure in the inner container 4 that the external pressure does not deform it, or at most only slightly deforms it, in particular it is not pressed in.
  • a plastic is preferably used, the degree of shrinkage of which is equal to or greater than that of the preform 6. Threads, fabrics, braids, felt or the like made of glass and / or carbon and / or minerals and / or plastic, in particular aramid, are suitable.
  • the overmolded, dipped or wet-wrapped and possibly also reinforced inner container 4 is introduced into a further, slightly larger, at least two-part form in the still warm-elastic state or after heating to a corresponding temperature and in the inner container 4 creates a high internal pressure.
  • the structure expands slightly, a firm connection of the molded plastic or applied by dipping or wet wrapping with the inner container 4 being achieved.
  • the hollow body 1 thus formed is removed in process step 7) cooled down.
  • the cooling can be controlled according to certain criteria according to a certain curve in order to achieve the highest possible strength of the hollow body 1 and not to deteriorate the strength of the inner container 4.
  • test pressure is approximately 120% to 180% of the operating pressure, which can reach up to 600 bar.
  • the pressure is suitably chosen so that it is about 30% to 80% less than the bursting pressure, which can reach up to 700 bar.
  • the burst pressure can e.g. 15% to 200% greater than the operating pressure.
  • method step 5 is replaced by the following method steps:
  • the expanded inner container 4 is surrounded or wrapped with a reinforcement, which is impregnated with an impregnating agent made of a hardenable plastic or - similar to the so-called known prepregs. Threads, fabrics, braids, felt or the like made of glass, carbon, mineral and / or plastic fibers are also used for reinforcement. If plastic is used, aramid is preferably used. When reinforcing, especially when winding, such a high internal pressure is generated that a deformation of the inner container 4 is prevented or almost prevented.
  • the impregnating agent is polymerized and hardened or hardened by suitable measures, for example by heating.
  • the degree of shrinkage during polymerisation and hardening or hardening and / or during cooling is preferably equal to or greater than that of the material or in the case of a multi-layer construction of the materials of the inner container 4. It can namely be advantageous to produce the inner container 4 from several layers of material, the individual layers are firmly connected.
  • Polyethylene (PE) and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PETP) are preferably suitable as materials for this.
  • Epoxy and / or polyester resin is preferably used as the material for the overmolded outer layer 5 or for the impregnating agent.
  • the reinforced inner container 4 is impregnated with a hardenable plastic or the inner container 4 or the reinforced inner container 4 is immersed in a hardenable plastic and then polymerized and cured with constant rotation of the inner container 4 in its horizontal position.
  • Process steps 1) to 9) can be carried out in individual steps, or - as indicated in FIG. 3 - in a cyclic process or - as shown schematically in FIG. 4 - in a linear process sequence.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method of producing a hollow body (1) having at least one opening (3) for high internal or external pressure. According to the invention, a preform (6) of metal or in particular of plastics is expanded by a high internal pressure to form an inner container (4) and externally, under high internal pressure, is optionally sheathed, extrusion-coated, dipped or lapped. The internal pressure is so high that during sheathing, extrusion-coating, dipping or lapping the inner container (4) is not deformed at all or only slightly.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hohlkörpers für hohen Innen- oder Außendruck Process for producing a hollow body for high internal or external pressure
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hohlkörpers für hohen Innen- oder Außendruck gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a method for producing a hollow body for high internal or external pressure according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bekannte Hohlkörper für hohen Innendruck sind in Form von Gasflaschen aus Stahl für technische Gase, wie Sauerstoff, Wasserstoff, Stickstoff, Helium oder dgl., beispielsweise für Schweißzwecke bekannt. Diese Hohlkörper sind für Drücke bis zu über 200 bar ausgelegt. Derartige Hochdruckflaschen müssen in bestimmten Zeitabständen auf Festigkeit geprüft werden, da insbesondere die vorhandenen Schweißnähte eine besondere Gefahrenquelle darstellen. Auch in der Autoindustrie werden Hochdruckbehälter aus Stahl oder Aluminium, beispielsweise zum Aufblasen von Air-Bags oder für die Lagerung von Erdgas (CNG) oder Wasserstoff (H2) für alternative Antriebe, verwendet. Diese Hochdruckbehälter sind für die erforderlichen Betriebsdrücke von bis zu etwa 600 bar und dem festgelegten Berstdruck von bis zu etwa 700 bar relativ schwer und teuer in der Herstellung.Known hollow bodies for high internal pressure are known in the form of steel gas cylinders for technical gases such as oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, helium or the like, for example for welding purposes. These hollow bodies are designed for pressures up to over 200 bar. High-pressure bottles of this type must be checked for strength at certain intervals, since the weld seams in particular represent a particular source of danger. High pressure tanks made of steel or aluminum are also used in the automotive industry, for example for inflating air bags or for storing natural gas (CNG) or hydrogen (H 2 ) for alternative drives. These high pressure tanks are relatively heavy and expensive to manufacture for the required operating pressures of up to about 600 bar and the specified burst pressure of up to about 700 bar.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung soll die Aufgabe gelöst werden, einen Hohlkörper für sehr hohe Innen- oder Außendrücke wirtschaftlich, fertigungstechnisch rationell, kostengünstig und mit geringem Gewicht herstellen zu können.The object of the present invention is to be able to produce a hollow body for very high internal or external pressures economically, economically in terms of production technology, inexpensively and with low weight.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Verfahrensschritte. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann die gasdichte Schicht relativ dünn und auch aus Kunststoff ausgeführt und bei geringem Gewicht sehr preiswert hergestellt werden.This object is achieved by the method steps specified in claim 1. By means of the method according to the invention, the gas-tight layer can be made relatively thin and also made of plastic and can be produced very inexpensively with a low weight.
Weitere vorteilhafte Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend anhand der in der Zeichnung veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:Further advantageous details of the invention are specified in the subclaims and are described in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hohlkörpers, teilweise im Schnitt,1 is a side view of a hollow body according to the invention, partly in section,
Fig. la den durch den Kreis der Fig. 1 gekennzeichneten Ausschnitt in vergrößerter Darstellung,La the section marked by the circle of FIG. 1 in an enlarged view,
Fig. 2 die Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anhand eines Verfahrensschemas und die2 the representation of the method according to the invention using a method scheme and the
Fig. 3 und 4 vorteilhafte Prozeßabläufe.3 and 4 advantageous process flows.
In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 ein Hohlkörper mit einer Öffnung 2 bezeichnet. Die Öffnung 2 ist mit einer druckfesten Membran 3 gasdicht abgeschlossen.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a hollow body with an opening 2. The opening 2 is sealed gas-tight with a pressure-resistant membrane 3.
Der Hohlkörper 1 besteht aus einem inneren gasdichten Vorformling 4, der die nachfolgend aufgeführten Prozesse durchlaufen hat und aus einer diesen einschlußfrei umgebenden Außenschicht 5, die die Druckfestigkeit des Hohlkörpers 1 im wesentlichen bestimmt.The hollow body 1 consists of an inner gastight preform 4 which has undergone the processes listed below and an outer layer 5 which surrounds it without inclusion and which essentially determines the compressive strength of the hollow body 1.
Die Herstellung des Hohlkörpers 1 erfolgt nach den folgenden erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensschritten:The hollow body 1 is produced by the following process steps according to the invention:
In einem ersten Verfahrensschritt 1) wird ein Vorformling 6, eine sogenannte Preform, für einen aus diesem herzustellenden Innenbehälter 4 aus Metall oder insbesondere aus einem gasdichten, d.h. gegen Gaspermeation hochresistenten Kunststoff hergestellt. Als Kunststoff eignet sich insbesondere Polyethylen oder Polyethylenterephthalat. Bei Verwendung von Kunststoff besitzt der Vorformling 6 eine Größe von nur etwa 1/3 oder 1/4 der Größe des herzustellenden Innenbehälters 4 oder noch weniger. Der Vorformling 6 besitzt einen Handhabungsteil 7, beispielsweise zum Halten und Manipulieren des Innenbehälters 4 und einen aufzuweitenden Abschnitt 8, der später den eigentlichen Innenbehälter 4 bildet.In a first method step 1), a preform 6, a so-called preform, is produced for an inner container 4 to be produced therefrom from metal or in particular from a gas-tight plastic, that is to say highly resistant to gas permeation. Is particularly suitable as a plastic Polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate. When using plastic, the preform 6 has a size of only about 1/3 or 1/4 the size of the inner container 4 to be produced or even less. The preform 6 has a handling part 7, for example for holding and manipulating the inner container 4 and a section 8 to be expanded, which later forms the actual inner container 4.
Nach dem Erhitzen des Vorformlings 6 auf Verformungstemperatur in einem Verfahrensschritt 2) wird er in einemAfter heating the preform 6 to the deformation temperature in a process step 2), it is in one
Verfahrensschritt 3) in eine wenigstens zweiteilige erste Form eingesetzt und durch Anlegen eines hohen Innendrucks auf die Form des Innenbehälters 4 aufgeblasen oder aufgeweitet. Dabei tritt im Kunststoff eine Molekülorientierung ein, durch welche die Festigkeitswerte des Kunststoffs wesentlich erhöht werden.Method step 3) inserted into an at least two-part first mold and inflated or expanded by applying a high internal pressure to the shape of the inner container 4. Molecular orientation occurs in the plastic, which significantly increases the strength of the plastic.
Der so erhaltene Innenbehälter 4 kann dann in einem wahlweise durchzuführenden Verfahrensschritt 4) - je nach geforderter Belastbarkeit - mit einer Armierung 9 versehen werden, die in Fig. 1 durch die Kreuzschraffür angedeutet ist. Diese Armierung 9 kann aus Metall, beispielsweise aus hochfestem Stahl, Chromstahl, Chrom-Nickel-Stahl, Kupfer, Messing,Bronce oder aus einem anderen hochfesten Metall oder einer Metallegierung, beispielsweise nach Art von Dosen, wie sie für Limonaden oder Bier handelsüblich sind, oder aus einem hochfesten Kunststoff bestehen. Die Armierung 9 wird in Form von Draht, Gewebe, Geflecht, als Wellrohr, Gewebeschlauch, in Spiralenform oder dgl. über den Innenbehälter 4 geschoben oder auf den Innenbehälter 4 aufgewickelt. Bei der Armierung, insbesondere dem Aufwickeln, wird ein hoher Innendruck im Innenbehälter 4 erzeugt, der beim Armieren eine Deformation desselben ganz oder nahezu ganz verhindert.The inner container 4 obtained in this way can then be provided with a reinforcement 9 in an optional method step 4), depending on the required load capacity, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by the cross hatching. This reinforcement 9 can be made of metal, for example made of high-strength steel, chrome steel, chrome-nickel steel, copper, brass, bronze or of another high-strength metal or a metal alloy, for example in the manner of cans as are commercially available for lemonades or beer. or consist of a high-strength plastic. The reinforcement 9 is pushed in the form of wire, fabric, braid, as a corrugated tube, fabric hose, in a spiral shape or the like over the inner container 4 or wound onto the inner container 4. During the reinforcement, in particular the winding, a high internal pressure is generated in the inner container 4, which completely or almost completely prevents the same from being deformed.
Anschließend an den Verfahrensschritt 4) oder - bei Fortfall desselben - nach dem Verfahrensschritt 3 ) , wird der Innenbehälter 4 bzw. der armierte Innenbehälter 4 in einem Verfahrensschritt 5) in eine weitere wenigstens zweiteilige Form eingesetzt, die größer ist als der Innenbehälter 4 bzw. der armierte Innenbehälter 4 und darin mit einem hochbelastbaren Kunststoff 10 umspritzt.Subsequent to process step 4) or - if this is no longer the case - after process step 3), in a process step 5) the inner container 4 or the reinforced inner container 4 is inserted into a further at least two-part form which is larger than the inner container 4 or the reinforced inner container 4 and encapsulated therein with a heavy-duty plastic 10.
Anstelle des Umspritzens kann der ggf. armierte Innenbehälter 4 auch in einen polymerisierbaren und aushärtenden Kunststoff aus insbesondere Epoxid- oder Polyesterharz getaucht werden. Er kann auch mit einem Armiermaterial, das mit einer polymerisierbaren und aushärtenden Kunststoffmasse getränkt bzw. umgeben ist, naßumwickelt werden. In diesen beiden Fällen erfolgt die Polymerisation und Aushärtung während des Drehens des Innenbehälters 4 in waagrechter Lage desselben.Instead of overmolding, the optionally reinforced inner container 4 can also be immersed in a polymerizable and hardening plastic made in particular of epoxy or polyester resin. It can also be wet-wrapped with a reinforcing material that is soaked or surrounded with a polymerizable and hardening plastic compound. In both of these cases, the polymerization and curing take place while the inner container 4 is rotating in the horizontal position thereof.
Das Umspritzen oder Naßumwickeln, ggf auch das Tauchen unter Druck erfolgt bei so hohem Innendruck im Innenbehälter 4 , daß dieser durch den Außendruck nicht oder höchstens geringfügig deformiert, insbesondere nicht eingedrückt wird. Vorzugsweise wird ein Kunststoff verwendet, dessen Schwindungsmaß gleich oder größer ist als dasjenige des Vorformlings 6. Geeignet sind Fäden, Gewebe, Geflechte, Filz oder dgl. aus Glas und/oder Kohlenstoff und/oder Mineralien und/oder Kunststoff, insbesondere Aramid.The encapsulation or wet wrapping, if necessary also the immersion under pressure, takes place at such high internal pressure in the inner container 4 that the external pressure does not deform it, or at most only slightly deforms it, in particular it is not pressed in. A plastic is preferably used, the degree of shrinkage of which is equal to or greater than that of the preform 6. Threads, fabrics, braids, felt or the like made of glass and / or carbon and / or minerals and / or plastic, in particular aramid, are suitable.
In einem wahlweise oder bedarfsweise anschließenden Verfahrensschritt 6) wird der umspritzte, getauchte oder naßumwickelt umhüllte und ggf. auch armierte Innenbehälter 4 im noch warmelastischen Zustand oder nach Erhitzen auf eine entsprechende Temperatur in eine weitere, geringfügig größere, wenigstens zweiteilige Form eingebracht und im Innenbehälter 4 ein hoher Innendruck erzeugt. Hierdurch expandiert das Gebilde geringfügig, wobei eine feste Verbindung des umspritzten oder durch Tauchen oder Naßumwickeln aufgebrachten Kunststoffs mit dem Innenbehälter 4 erreicht wird.In an optional or if necessary subsequent process step 6), the overmolded, dipped or wet-wrapped and possibly also reinforced inner container 4 is introduced into a further, slightly larger, at least two-part form in the still warm-elastic state or after heating to a corresponding temperature and in the inner container 4 creates a high internal pressure. As a result, the structure expands slightly, a firm connection of the molded plastic or applied by dipping or wet wrapping with the inner container 4 being achieved.
Nach Entnahme aus der weiteren, also der Spritzgießform des Verfahrensschrittes 5), oder - bei Anwendung des Verfahrensschrittes 6) - aus der weiteren, dritten Form, wird der so entstandene Hohlkörper 1 im Verfahrensschritt 7 ) abgekühlt. Die Abkühlung kann je nach verwendetem Kunststoff 10 nach bestimmten Kriterien nach einer bestimmten Kurve gesteuert werden, um eine möglichst hohe Festigkeit des Hohlkörpers 1 zu erzielen und die Festigkeit des Innenbehälters 4 dabei nicht zu verschlechtern.After removal from the further, that is to say the injection mold of process step 5), or - when using process step 6) - from the further, third mold, the hollow body 1 thus formed is removed in process step 7) cooled down. Depending on the plastic 10 used, the cooling can be controlled according to certain criteria according to a certain curve in order to achieve the highest possible strength of the hollow body 1 and not to deteriorate the strength of the inner container 4.
Anschließend erfolgt im Verfahrensschritt 8) eine Druckkontrolle mit hohem Innendruck. Beispielsweise beträgt der Prüfdruck etwa 120% bis 180% des Betriebsdruckes, der bis zu 600 bar erreichen kann. Der Druck wird zweckmäßig so gewählt, daß er etwa 30% bis 80% kleiner ist als der Berstdruck, der bis zu 700 bar erreichen kann. Der Berstdruck kann z.B. 15% bis 200% größer sein als der Betriebsdruck. Anschließend wird der Hohlkörper 1 im Verfahrensschritt 9) vom Prüfstand genommen, entformt und ausgeworfen.A pressure check with high internal pressure then takes place in process step 8). For example, the test pressure is approximately 120% to 180% of the operating pressure, which can reach up to 600 bar. The pressure is suitably chosen so that it is about 30% to 80% less than the bursting pressure, which can reach up to 700 bar. The burst pressure can e.g. 15% to 200% greater than the operating pressure. The hollow body 1 is then removed from the test bench in process step 9), removed from the mold and ejected.
Gemäß einer Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der Verfahrensschritt 5) durch folgende Verfahrensschritte ersetzt:According to a variant of the method according to the invention, method step 5) is replaced by the following method steps:
Zunächst wird der aufgeweitete Innenbehälter 4 mit einer Armierung umgeben oder umwickelt, die mit einem Tränkmittel aus einem härtbaren Kunststoff oder - ähnlich den sogenannten bekannten Prepregs - getränkt werden. Zur Armierung werden auch hierbei Fäden, Gewebe, Geflechte, Filz oder dgl. aus Glas-, Kohlenstoff-, Mineral- und/oder Kunststoff-Fasern verwendet. Bei Verwendung von Kunststoff wird vorzugsweise Aramid eingesetzt. Bei der Armierung, insbesondere beim Wickeln, wird wieder ein so hoher Innendruck erzeugt, daß eine Deformation des Innenbehälters 4 verhindert oder nahezu verhindert wird.First, the expanded inner container 4 is surrounded or wrapped with a reinforcement, which is impregnated with an impregnating agent made of a hardenable plastic or - similar to the so-called known prepregs. Threads, fabrics, braids, felt or the like made of glass, carbon, mineral and / or plastic fibers are also used for reinforcement. If plastic is used, aramid is preferably used. When reinforcing, especially when winding, such a high internal pressure is generated that a deformation of the inner container 4 is prevented or almost prevented.
In dem anschließenden Verfahrensschritt wird das Tränkmittel durch geeignete Maßnahmen, z.B. durch Erhitzen, polymerisiert und gehärtet bzw. ausgehärtet. Bevorzugt ist das Schwindungsmaß beim Polymerisieren und Härten bzw. Aushärten und/oder beim Abkühlen gleich oder größer als dasjenige des Materials bzw. bei einem Mehrschichtaufbau der Materialien des Innenbehälters 4. Es kann nämlich vorteilhaft sein, den Innenbehälter 4 aus mehreren Materialschichten herzustellen, wobei die einzelnen Schichten fest miteinander verbunden sind. Als Materialien hierfür eignen sich vorzugsweise Polyethylen (PE) und/oder Polyethylenterephthalat (PETP).In the subsequent process step, the impregnating agent is polymerized and hardened or hardened by suitable measures, for example by heating. The degree of shrinkage during polymerisation and hardening or hardening and / or during cooling is preferably equal to or greater than that of the material or in the case of a multi-layer construction of the materials of the inner container 4. It can namely be advantageous to produce the inner container 4 from several layers of material, the individual layers are firmly connected. Polyethylene (PE) and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PETP) are preferably suitable as materials for this.
Als Material für die umspritzte Außenschicht 5 oder für das Tränkmittel findet vorzugsweise Epoxid- und/oder Polyesterharz Anwendung.Epoxy and / or polyester resin is preferably used as the material for the overmolded outer layer 5 or for the impregnating agent.
Die weitere Variante des Tauchens kann vorteilhaft wie folgt durchgeführt werden:The further variant of diving can advantageously be carried out as follows:
Der armierte Innenbehälter 4 wird mit einem härtbaren Kunststoff imprägniert oder der Innenbehälter 4 oder der armierte Innenbehälter 4 wird in einen härtbaren Kunststoff getaucht und anschließend unter ständigem Drehen des Innenbehälters 4 in seiner waagrechten Lage der Kunststoff polymerisiert und ausgehärtet.The reinforced inner container 4 is impregnated with a hardenable plastic or the inner container 4 or the reinforced inner container 4 is immersed in a hardenable plastic and then polymerized and cured with constant rotation of the inner container 4 in its horizontal position.
Die Verfahrensschritte 1) bis 9) können in Einzelschritten, oder - wie in Fig. 3 angedeutet - in einem Kreisprozeß oder - wie in Fig. 4 schematisch dargestellt - in einem linearen Prozeßablauf durchgeführt werden. Process steps 1) to 9) can be carried out in individual steps, or - as indicated in FIG. 3 - in a cyclic process or - as shown schematically in FIG. 4 - in a linear process sequence.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hohlkörpers für hohe Innen- oder Außendrücke mit wenigstens einer Öffnung, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Verfahrensschritte:1. A process for producing a hollow body for high internal or external pressures with at least one opening, characterized by the following process steps:
1)- Herstellung eines hohlen Vorformlings (6) mit kleineren Abmessungen als die Endform eines daraus herzustellenden Innenbehälters (4), mit einem Handhabungsteil (7) und einem zum Formen des Innenbehälters (4) dienenden Abschnitt (8) aus einem polymeren Werkstoff;1) - Production of a hollow preform (6) with smaller dimensions than the final shape of an inner container (4) to be produced therefrom, with a handling part (7) and a section (8) serving to form the inner container (4) from a polymeric material;
2)- Erwärmung des Vorformlings (6) auf eine zur Verformung geeignete Temperatur;2) - heating the preform (6) to a temperature suitable for deformation;
3)- Einbringung des erwärmten Vorformlings (6) in eine wenigstens zweiteilige Form mit größeren Abmessungen entsprechend der Endform oder nahezu der Endform des Innenbehälters (4) und Anlegen eines so hohen Innendruckes an den Vorformling (6) , daß der Vorformling (6) auf die Abmessungen der Form aufgeweitet wird und anschließendes Entfernen des so geformten Innenbehälters (4);3) - Introducing the heated preform (6) in an at least two-part mold with larger dimensions corresponding to the final shape or almost the final shape of the inner container (4) and applying such a high internal pressure to the preform (6) that the preform (6) the dimensions of the mold are expanded and then the inner container (4) thus shaped is removed;
4)- wahlweises Umgeben des Innenbehälters (4) mit einer Armierung (9) ;4) - optionally surrounding the inner container (4) with a reinforcement (9);
5)- Einbringen des ggf. armierten Innenbehälters (4) in eine wenigstens zweigeteilte weitere Form mit größeren Abmessungen als der ggf. armierte Innenbehälter (4), einer ggf. weiteren Armierung durch Umspritzen, Tauchen oder Umwickeln des ggf. armierten Innenbehälters (4) mit einem polymeren Werkstoff bei gleichzeitiger Anwendung eines so hohen Innendrucks im Innenbehälter (4), daß er durch den beim Umspritzen, Tauchen oder Umwickeln auftretenden äußeren Druck nicht oder nur geringfügig deformiert wird;5) - Introducing the possibly reinforced inner container (4) into an at least two-part further shape with larger dimensions than the possibly reinforced inner container (4), possibly further reinforcement by overmolding, dipping or wrapping the possibly reinforced inner container (4) with a polymeric material while using such a high Internal pressure in the inner container (4), that it is not or only slightly deformed by the external pressure occurring during the encapsulation, dipping or wrapping;
6)- wahlweises Einbringen des durch Umspritzen, Tauchen oder Umwickeln erhaltenen Hohlkörpers (1) in eine größere Abmessungen als dieser aufweisende, wenigstens zweigeteilte weitere Form im noch warmelastischen Zustand oder auf diesen Zustand erwärmten Hohlkörpers (1) und Aufweiten desselben durch Anwendung eines so hohen Innendruckes, daß diese weitere Form ausgefüllt wird;6) - optional introduction of the hollow body (1) obtained by extrusion coating, dipping or wrapping into a larger dimension than this, at least two-part further shape in the still warm-elastic state or heated to this state, and expansion of the same by using such a high Internal pressure that this further form is filled;
7)- Abkühlen und Aushärten des Hohlkörpers (1);7) - cooling and curing of the hollow body (1);
8)- Druckkontrolle des Hohlkörpers (1) mit einem8) - pressure control of the hollow body (1) with a
Innendruck, der größer als der Betriebsdruck und kleiner als der zulässige Berstdruck ist;Internal pressure that is greater than the operating pressure and less than the permissible burst pressure;
9)- Entformen und Auswerfen des Hohlkörpers (1).9) - De-molding and ejecting the hollow body (1).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wahlweise vorgesehene Armierung gemäß Verfahrensschritt 4) vor oder nach dem Verfahrensschritt 2) am Vorformling (6) durchgeführt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the optionally provided reinforcement according to step 4) before or after step 2) is carried out on the preform (6).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Armierung gemäß Verfahrensschritt 4) durch ein vorgefertigtes Armierungselement (9) erfolgt, ggf. bei gleichzeitiger Anwendung eines so hohen Innendrucks im Innenbehälter (4) während des Armierungsvorgangs, daß er durch den beim Armieren entstehenden Druck nicht oder nur geringfügig deformiert wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement according to step 4) by a prefabricated reinforcing element (9), optionally with simultaneous application of such a high internal pressure in the inner container (4) during the reinforcement process that it by pressure generated during reinforcement is not or only slightly deformed.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Armierung (9) auf den Innenbehälter (4) trocken aufgewickelt wird bei gleichzeitiger Anwendung eines so hohen Innendrucks im Vorformling (6) während des Wickelvorgangs, daß er durch den Wickeldruck nicht oder nur geringfügig deformiert wird. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement (9) on the inner container (4) is wound dry with simultaneous application of such a high internal pressure in the preform (6) during the winding process that it does not or by the winding pressure is only slightly deformed.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Umwickeln gemäß Verfahrensschritt 5) wie folgt durchgeführt wird:5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wrapping according to step 5) is carried out as follows:
Umwickeln des geweiteten Innenbehälters (4) mit einem mit einem Tränkmittel aus einem härtbarem Kunststoff getränkten Faden, Gewebe, Geflecht, Filz,, oder dgl. aus Glas- und/oder Kohlenstoff- und/oder Mineral- und/oder Kunststoff-Fasern, insbesondere Aramidfasern, bei gleichzeitiger Anwendung eines so hohen Innendrucks im Innenbehälter (4) während des Wickelvorgangs, daß er durch den Wickeldruck nicht oder nur geringfügig deformiert wird und anschließende Erwärmung des so umwickelten Innenbehälters (4) auf eine Temperatur, bei der das Tränkmittel polymerisiert und aushärtet.Wrapping the expanded inner container (4) with a thread, fabric, braid, felt, or the like impregnated with an impregnating agent made of a hardenable plastic, or the like. Made of glass and / or carbon and / or mineral and / or plastic fibers, in particular Aramid fibers, with simultaneous application of such a high internal pressure in the inner container (4) during the winding process that it is not or only slightly deformed by the winding pressure and subsequent heating of the inner container (4) wrapped in this way to a temperature at which the impregnating agent polymerizes and hardens .
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß als Tränkmittel ein Material verwendet wird, dessen Schwindungsmaß beim Abkühlen gleich oder größer ist als dasjenige des Innenbehälters (4) .6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that a material is used as the impregnating agent, the degree of shrinkage during cooling is equal to or greater than that of the inner container (4).
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Materialauswahl und die Konstruktion sowie die Abmessungen des Hohlkörpers (1) so gewählt werden, daß ein Betriebsdruck von bis zu 600 bar und ein Berstdruck erreicht wird, der etwa 40% bis 200% größer ist als der Betriebsdruck, und daß ein Prüfdruck gewählt wird, der etwa 20% bis 80% größer ist als der Betriebsdruck, jedoch etwa 30% bis 80% kleiner ist als der Berstdruck.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the choice of material and the construction and the dimensions of the hollow body (1) are selected so that an operating pressure of up to 600 bar and a bursting pressure is reached, which is about 40% is up to 200% greater than the operating pressure and that a test pressure is selected which is about 20% to 80% greater than the operating pressure, but is about 30% to 80% less than the bursting pressure.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Innenbehälter (4) mehrschichtig aus unterschiedlichen Materialien ausgebildet ist. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner container (4) is multi-layered from different materials.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Material für den Innenbehälter (4) ein Kunststoff aus oder auf der Basis von wenigstens einem der Kunststoffe Polyethylen (PE), Polyethylenterephthalat (PETP), Polyethersulfon (PES) oder Polyvenylidenfluorid (PVDV) verwendet wird.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that as a material for the inner container (4) is a plastic made of or on the basis of at least one of the plastics polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PETP), polyethersulfone (PES) or Polyvenylidene fluoride (PVDV) is used.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Material für die Umhüllung durch Umspritzen, Tauchen oder Umwickeln ein Kunststoff aus oder auf der Basis von Epoxid- oder Polyesterharz verwendet wird.10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a plastic made of or based on epoxy or polyester resin is used as the material for the encapsulation by extrusion coating, dipping or wrapping.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Armierung gemäß Verfahrensschritt 4) des Anspruchs 1 in der Form eines Gewebes, eines Wellrohres, einer Spirale, eines Geflechts aus hochfestem Metall oder aus Kunststoff verwendet wird.11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the reinforcement according to step 4) of claim 1 in the form of a fabric, a corrugated tube, a spiral, a braid made of high-strength metal or plastic is used.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nichtrostende Metalle, wie Stahl, Chromstahl, Chromnickelstahl, Kupfer, Messing oder Bronce verwendet werden.12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that stainless metals such as steel, chromium steel, chromium-nickel steel, copper, brass or bronze are used.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Gewebeschlauch über den Innenbehälter (4) geschoben und der so armierte Innenbehälter (4) anschließend umspritzt, getaucht oder umwickelt wird.13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a fabric hose is pushed over the inner container (4) and the armored inner container (4) is then extrusion-coated, immersed or wrapped.
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 und 7 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verfahrensschritt 5) durch den folgenden Verfahrensschritt ersetzt wird:14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 7 to 12, characterized in that step 5) is replaced by the following step:
Tauchen des ggf. armierten Innenbehälters (4) in einen härtbaren Kunststoff oder Naßwickeln des ggf. armierten Innenbehälters (4) mit einer mit härtbarem Kunststoff imprägnierten Armierung und Drehen des so gebildeten Hohlkörpers (1) während des Polymerisierungsvorgangs in waagrechter Position. Dip the possibly reinforced inner container (4) in a hardenable plastic or wet wrap the possibly reinforced inner container (4) with a reinforcement impregnated with hardenable plastic and rotate the hollow body (1) thus formed during the polymerization process in a horizontal position.
PCT/DE1997/000081 1996-01-19 1997-01-19 Method of producing a hollow body for high internal or external pressure WO1997026128A1 (en)

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US3426940A (en) * 1966-11-21 1969-02-11 Phillips Petroleum Co Pressure vessels
US3874544A (en) * 1973-03-21 1975-04-01 Amolga Corp Pressure vessel with liner
JPH01113227A (en) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-01 Teijin Ltd Manufacture of composite material bomb
EP0323776A1 (en) * 1987-12-18 1989-07-12 Bertin & Cie Composite bottle and method and apparatus for producing it
EP0345450A1 (en) * 1988-04-30 1989-12-13 Holger Knappe Synthetic container for liquids or gases
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DE102004003749A1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2005-08-18 Thomas Dr. Bäumer Cylindrical fiber reinforced hollow plastic product manufacture involves winding impregnated fiber onto mandrel, wrapping in fiber braid, placing in RTM tool cavity and injecting resin
DE102010008263A1 (en) * 2010-02-17 2011-08-18 Abmayr, Ute, 89312 Pressure tank for accommodating e.g. water in sanitary technology, has plastic container designed as injection molding part with layer arranged at interior periphery of container and/or external periphery of container
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EP0874727A1 (en) 1998-11-04
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