WO1997024426A1 - Detergent compositions comprising hyaluronidase - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to detergent compositions comprising a hyaluronidase enzyme. Such compositions provide improved cleaning performances on glycoproteins- and/or proteoglycans-containing stains and everyday 'skin' soils. The present invention also provides detergent compositions containing a hyaluronidase enzyme in combination with other enzymes, bleach compounds, surface-active agents and lime soap peptiser compounds.

Description

DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING HYALURONIDASE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to detergent compositions containing a hyaluronidase enzyme.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Performance of a detergent product is judged by a number of factors, including the ability to remove soils and the ability to prevent redeposition of the soils or the breakdown products of the soils on the articles in the wash.

The complex nature of everyday 'skin' soils typically found on pillowcases, T-shirts, collars and socks, provides a thorough cleaning challenge for detergents. These soils are difficult to remove completely and often residues build up on fabric leading to dinginess and yellowing.

Analytical learning have demonstrated that these soils consist of cellular and extracellular proteinaceous matter bound to fabric by a gelatinous glue called 'ground substance^*. This ground substance constitutes 1/1 Oth of skin weight and contains high levels of glycoproteins and proteoglycans. Hyaluronic acid is the most abundant; chondroitin, chondroitin sulphates and keratan sulphates are also present at lower levels.

It has now been found that hyaluronidase is a carbohydrase enzyme which boosts cleaning performances by degrading the amorphous 'ground substance' gel which holds the soil to the fabric. As the substrate specificity of the hyaluronidase is broad, the enzyme will hydrolyse chondroitin, chondroitin sulphates as well as hyaluronic acid.

During the enzymatic degradation, residual soil components are exposed to the cleaning action of other detergent active ingredients.

Hyaluronidase is commonly used in the medical context of benign prostatic hypertrophy treatment (WO 90-08555 and EP-B-456.724)and has been described in combination with alkaline protease for the removal of epidermal stratum corneum debris in dry cleaning (Sen'l Seihin Shohi Kagaku, volume 26(12), pages 51 1-21 Coll. Educ, Osaka/Japan (1985)). However, dry cleaning is achieved through the use of low levels of highly concentrated volatile solvents. Because of the non aqueous nature of the dry cleaning system, no bleaches, few enzymes and no surfactants are generally used.

Therefore, benefits for the use of hyaluronidase enzyme in detergent formulations have not been previously recognised.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide detergent compositions containing a hyaluronidase enzyme, which provide improved cleaning performances on glycoproteins- and/or proteoglycans-containing stains and everyday 'skin' soils.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide detergent compositions containing a hyaluronidase enzyme in combination with surface-active agents, other enzymes, bleach compounds and lime soap peptisers. It has indeed been found that the combinations of hyaluronidase with selected detergent ingredients as surfactants, enzymes, bleaching agents and lime soap peptisers provide enhanced soil removal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide detergent compositions comprising a hyaluronidase enzyme, which provide improved cleaning performances on glycoproteins- and/or proteoglycans-containing stains and everyday 'skin' soils.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide detergent compositions containing a hyaluronidase enzyme in combination with surface-active agents, other enzymes, bleach compounds and lime soap peptisers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

An essential component of the detergent compositions of the invention is a hyaluronidase enzyme. This enzyme is incorporated into compositions at a level from 0.1 to 5000 HU/g composition, preferably from 10 to 1000 HU/g composition and most preferably from 20 to 200 HU/g composition.

By hyaluronidase enzyme it is meant herein any enzyme which degrade, for instance hydrolyse and/or modify glycoproteins and proteoglycans comprising hyaluronic acid, chondroitin, chondroitin sulphates and keratan sulphates. Hyaluronidase enzymes herein include naturally derived hyaluronidase enzymes and any variants showing a positive immunological cross-reaction with an antibody directed against natural occurring hyaluronidase.

Any such variants may be specifically designed with regard to the optimisation of performance efficiency in the detergent compositions of the invention. For example, variants may be designed such that the compatibility of the enzyme to commonly encountered components of such compositions is increased. Alternatively, the variant may be designed such that the optimal pH, bleach stability, catalytic activity and the like, of the enzyme variant is tailored to suit the particular detergent application.

Hyaluronidase can be a carbohydrase from the following EC categories : EC 3.2.1.35, EC 3.2.1.36 and EC 4.2.2.1 and are commercialised by Fluka, Sigma and Biozyme.

The hyaluronidase activity is measured turbidimetrically by monitoring the degradation products according the method described by Sigma in their Quality Control Assay (Methods in Enzymol., Volume 1. pages 172, (1955) and USP XXII-NF XVII, page 644, (1990)).

Detergent components

The detergent compositions of the invention may also contain additional detergent components. The precise nature of these additional components and levels of incorporation thereof will depend on the physical form of the composition and the nature of the cleaning operation for which it is to be used.

The compositions of the invention may for example, be formulated as hand and machine laundry detergent compositions including laundry additive compositions, compositions suitable for use in pretreatment of stained fabrics and rinse added fabric softener compositions. When formulated as compositions suitable for use in a machine washing method, the compositions of the invention preferably contain both a surfactant and a builder compound and additionally one or more detergent components preferably selected from organic polymeric compounds, bleaching agents, additional enzymes, suds suppressors, dispersants, lime- soap peptisers or dispersants, soil suspension and anti-redeposition agents and corrosion inhibitors.

The compositions of the invention can also be used as detergent additive products. Such additive products are intended to supplement or boost the performance of conventional detergent compositions.

If needed the density of the laundry detergent compositions herein ranges from 550 to 1000 g/liter, preferably 600 to 950 g/liter of composition measured at 20°C.

The "compact" form of the compositions herein is best reflected by density and, in terms of composition, by the amount of inorganic filler salt; inorganic filler salts are conventional ingredients of detergent compositions in powder form; in conventional detergent compositions, the filler salts are present in substantial amounts, typically 17-35% by weight of the total composition.

In the compact compositions, the filler salt is present in amounts not exceeding 15% of the total composition, preferably not exceeding 10%, most preferably not exceeding 5% by weight of the composition. The inorganic filler salts, such as meant in the present compositions are selected from the alkali and alkaline-earth-metal salts of sulphates and chlorides.

A preferred filler salt is sodium sulphate.

The Iiquid detergent compositions according to the present invention can also be in a "concentrated form", in such case, the Iiquid detergent compositions according the present invention will contain a lower amount of water, compared to conventional Iiquid detergents. Typically the water content of the concentrated Iiquid detergent is less than 40%, more preferably less than 30%, most preferably less than 20% by weight of the detergent composition.

Surfactant system

The detergent compositions according to the present invention comprise a surfactant system wherein the surfactant can be selected from nonionic and/or anionic and/or cationic and/or ampholytic and/or zwitterionic and/or semi-polar surfactants.

Such combinations hyaluronidase/surface-active agent will further boost stain removal by increasing the surfactant access to the soils containing high levels of lipids / fatty acids.

The surfactant is typically present at a level of from 5 % to 40 % by weight.

The surfactant is preferably formulated to be compatible with enzyme components present in the composition. In Iiquid or gel compositions the surfactant is most preferably formulated such that it promotes, or at least does not degrade, the stability of any enzyme in these compositions.

Preferred non-alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant systems to be used according to the present invention comprise as a surfactant one or more of the nonionic and/or anionic surfactants described herein.

Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols are suitable for use as the nonionic surfactant of the surfactant systems of the present invention, with the polyethylene oxide condensates being preferred. These compounds include the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, preferably from about 8 to about 14 carbon atoms, in either a straight-chain or branched-chain configuration with the alkylene oxide. In a preferred embodiment, the ethylene oxide is present in an amount equal to from about 2 to about 25 moles, more preferably from about 3 to about 15 moles, of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol. Commercially available nonionic surfactants of this type include Igepal™ CO-630, marketed by the GAF Corporation; and Triton™ X-45, X-114, X-100 and X-102, all marketed by the Rohm & Haas Company. These surfactants are commonly referred to as alkylphenol alkoxγlates (e.g., alkyl phenol ethoxylates).

The condensation products of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols with from about 1 to about 25 moles of ethylene oxide are suitable for use as the nonionic surfactant of the nonionic surfactant systems of the present invention. The alkyl chain of the aliphatic alcohol can either be straight or branched, primary or secondary, and generally contains from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms. Preferred are the condensation products of alcohols having an alkyl group containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms, with from about 2 to about 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. About 2 to about 7 moles of ethylene oxide and most preferably from 2 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol are present in said condensation products. Examples of commercially available nonionic surfactants of this type include Tergitol™ 15-S-9 (the condensation product of C11-C15 linear alcohol with 9 moles ethylene oxide), Tergitol™ 24-L-6 NMW (the condensation product of Ci 2~Cl4 primary alcohol with 6 moles ethylene oxide with a narrow molecular weight distribution), both marketed by Union Carbide Corporation; Neodol™ 45-9 (the condensation product of C14-C15 linear alcohol with 9 moles of ethylene oxide), Neodol™ 23-3 (the condensation product of C-| 2*^13 linear alcohol with 3.0 moles of ethylene oxide), Neodol™ 45-7 (the condensation product of C14-C15 linear alcohol with 7 moles of ethylene oxide), Neodol™ 45-5 (the condensation product of C14-C15 linear alcohol with 5 moles of ethylene oxide) marketed by Shell Chemical Company, Kyro™ EOB (the condensation product of C13-C15 alcohol with 9 moles ethylene oxide), marketed by The Procter & Gamble Company, and Genapol LA O5O (the condensation product of C12- 14 alcohol with 5 moles of ethylene oxide) marketed by Hoechst. Preferred range of HLB in these products is from 8-11 and most preferred from 8-10. Also useful as the nonionic surfactant of the surfactant systems of the present invention are the alkylpolysaccharides disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,565,647, Llenado, issued January 21, 1986, having a hydrophobic group containing from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide, e.g. a polyglycoside, hydrophilic group containing from about 1.3 to about 10, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3, most preferably from about 1.3 to about 2.7 saccharide units. Any reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms can be used, e.g., glucose, galactose and galactosγl moieties can be substituted for the glucosyl moieties (optionally the hydrophobic group is attached at the 2-, 3-, 4-, etc. positions thus giving a glucose or galactose as opposed to a glucoside or galactoside). The intersaccharide bonds can be, e.g., between the one position of the additional saccharide units and the 2-, 3-, 4-, and/or 6- positions on the preceding saccharide units. The preferred alkγlpolyglycosides have the formula

R2θ(C_nH_2nO)t(glycosyl)_x

wherein R^ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which the alkyl groups contain from about 10 to about 18, preferably from about 12 to about 14, carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3, preferably 2; t is from 0 to about 10, preferably 0; and x is from about 1.3 to about 10, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3, most preferably from about 1.3 to about 2.7. The glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose. To prepare these compounds, the alcohol or alkylpolyethoxy alcohol is formed first and then reacted with glucose, or a source of glucose, to form the glucoside (attachment at the 1 -position). The additional glycosyl units can then be attached between their 1 -position and the preceding glycosyl units 2-, 3-, 4- and/or 6-position, preferably predominately the 2-position.

The condensation products of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol are also suitable for use as the additional nonionic surfactant systems of the present invention. The hydrophobic portion of these compounds will preferably have a molecular weight of from about 1500 to about 1800 and will exhibit water insolubility. The addition of polyoxyethylene moieties to this hydrophobic portion tends to increase the water solubility of the molecule as a whole, and the Iiquid character of the product is retained up to the point where the polyoxyethylene content is about 50% of the total weight of the condensation product, which corresponds to condensation with up to about 40 moles of ethylene oxide. Examples of compounds of this type include certain of the commercially-available Pluronic™ surfactants, marketed by BASF.

Also suitable for use as the nonionic surfactant of the nonionic surfactant system of the present invention, are the condensation products of ethylene oxide with the product resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. The hydrophobic moiety of these products consists of the reaction product of ethylenediamine and excess propylene oxide, and generally has a molecular weight of from about 2500 to about 3000. This hydrophobic moiety is condensed with ethylene oxide to the extent that the condensation product contains from about 40% to about 80% by weight of polyoxyethylene and has a molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 11 ,000. Examples of this type of nonionic surfactant include certain of the commercially available Tetronic™ compounds, marketed by BASF.

Preferred for use as the nonionic surfactant of the surfactant systems of the present invention are polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, condensation products of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols with from about 1 to about 25 moles of ethylene oxide, alkylpolysaccharides, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred are Cg-C-14 alkyl phenol ethoxylates having from 3 to 15 ethoxy groups and Cg-Ci s alcohol ethoxylates (preferably C-| Q ^av9-) having from 2 to 10 ethoxy groups, and mixtures thereof.

Highly preferred nonionic surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants of the formula. R² - C - N - Z,

I I I

O R1

wherein R is H, or R¹ is C1.4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl or a mixture thereof, R2 is C5.31 hydrocarbyl, and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hγdroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof. Preferably, R¹ is methyl, R² is a straight C11.15 alkyl or C16-I8 alkyl or alkenyl chain such as coconut alkyl or mixtures thereof, and Z is derived from a reducing sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, in a reductive amination reaction.

When included in such laundry detergent compositions, the nonionic surfactant systems of the present invention act to improve the greasy/oily stain removal properties of such laundry detergent compositions across a broad range of laundry conditions.

Highly preferred anionic surfactants include alkyl alkoxylated sulfate surfactants hereof are water soluble salts or acids of the formula RO(A)_mSO3M wherein R is an unsubstituted C10- 24 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having a C10-C24 ^alkyl component, preferably a C-J 2" C20 alkyl ^or hydroxyalkyl, more preferably C12- 18 a^yl or hydroxyalkyl, A is an ethoxy or propoxy unit, m is greater than zero, typically between about 0.5 and about 6, more preferably between about 0.5 and about 3, and M is H or a cation which can be, for example, a metal cation (e.g., sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, etc.), ammonium or substituted- ammonium cation. Alkyl ethoxylated sulfates as well as alkyl propoxylated sulfates are contemplated herein. Specific examples of substituted ammonium cations include methyl-, dimethyl, trimethyl-ammonium cations and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethyl-ammonium and dimethyl piperdinium cations and those derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, mixtures thereof, and the like. Exemplary surfactants are C12- 18 ^alkvl polyethoxylate (1.0) sulfate (C-| 2~ C-|8^E(¹ -0)M), C12-C18 alkyl polyethoxylate (2.25) sulfate (C-| 2* CιβE(2.25)M), C12-C18 ^alkY' polyethoxylate (3.0) sulfate (C12- Ci 8^E(3-°)^M>' and C12-C18 alkyl polyethoxylate (4.0) sulfate (C12- Ci 8^E<⁴-0_' ^M _'' wherein M is conveniently selected from sodium and potassium.

Suitable anionic surfactants to be used are alkyl ester sulfonate surfactants including linear esters of C8-C20 carboxylic acids (i.e., fatty acids) which are sulfonated with gaseous SO3 according to "The Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society", 52 (1975), pp. 323-329. Suitable starting materials would include natural fatty substances as derived from tallow, palm oil, etc.

The preferred alkyl ester sulfonate surfactant, especially for laundry applications, comprise alkyl ester sulfonate surfactants of the structural formula :

O | |

R³ - CH - C - OR⁴

I SO3M

wherein R³ is a C8-C20 hydrocarbyl, preferably an alkyl, or combination thereof, R⁴ is a C-|-C6 hydrocarbyl, preferably an alkyl, or combination thereof, and M is a cation which forms a water soluble salt with the alkyl ester sulfonate. Suitable salt-forming cations include metals such as sodium, potassium, and lithium, and substituted or unsubstituted ammonium cations, such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine. Preferably, R³ is C10-C16 alkyl, and R⁴ is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl. Especially preferred are the methyl ester sulfonates wherein R³ is C10-C16 alkyl.

Other suitable anionic surfactants include the alkyl sulfate surfactants which are water soluble salts or acids of the formula ROSO3M wherein R preferably is a

hydrocarbyl, preferably an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl having a C-|o~C20 alkyl component, more preferably a C-12-C 8 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, and M is H or a cation, e.g., an alkali metal cation (e.g. sodium, potassium, lithium), or ammonium or substituted ammonium (e.g. methyl-, dimethyl-, and trimethyl ammonium cations and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethyl-ammonium and dimethyl piperdinium cations and quaternary ammonium cations derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, and mixtures thereof, and the like). Typically, alkyl chains of C12-C16 are preferred for lower wash temperatures (e.g. below about 50°C) and C-| 6-18 ^alkY' chains are preferred for higher wash temperatures (e.g. above about 50°C).

Other anionic surfactants useful for detersive purposes can also be included in the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention. These can include salts (including, for example, sodium, potassium, ammonium, and substituted ammonium salts such as mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts) of soap, 8-C22 primary of secondary alkanesulfonates, C8- 24 olefinsulfonates, sulfonated polycarboxylic acids prepared by sulfonation of the pyrolyzed product of alkaline earth metal citrates, e.g., as described in British patent specification No. 1 ,082,179, Cs- C24 alkγlpolyglγcolethersulfates (containing up to 10 moles of ethylene oxide); alkyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty acyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty oleyl glycerol sulfates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates, paraffin sulfonates, alkyl phosphates, isethionates such as the acyl isethionates, N- acyl taurates, alkyl succinamates and sulfosuccinates, monoesters of sulfosuccinates (especially saturated and unsaturated C12- 18 monoesters) and diesters of sulfosuccinates (especially saturated and unsaturated Cβ- C^<| 2 diesters), acyl sarcosinates, sulfates of alkylpolysaccharides such as the sulfates of alkylpolyglucoside (the nonionic nonsulfated compounds being described below), branched primary alkyl sulfates, and alkyl polyethoxy carboxylates such as those of the formula O(CH2CH2θ)|<-CH2COO-M + wherein R is a C8-C22 alkyl, k is an integer from 1 to 10, and M is a soluble salt-forming cation. Resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids are also suitable, such as rosin, hydrogenated rosin, and resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids present in or derived from tall oil. Further examples are described in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch). A variety of such surfactants are also generally disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,929,678, issued December 30, 1975 to Laughlin, et al. at Column 23, line 58 through Column 29, line 23 (herein incorporated by reference).

When included therein, the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention typically comprise from about 1 % to about 40%, preferably from about 3% to about 20% by weight of such anionic surfactants.

The laundry detergent compositions of the present invention may also contain cationic, ampholytic, zwitterionic, and semi-polar surfactants, as well as the nonionic and/or anionic surfactants other than those already described herein.

Cationic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention are those having one long-chain hydrocarbyl group. Examples of such cationic surfactants include the ammonium surfactants such as alkyltrimethylammonium halogenides, and those surfactants having the formula :

[R2(OR³)yl[R⁴(OR³)_y]₂R⁵N + X-

wherein R² is an alkyl or alkyl benzyl group having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, each R³ is selected from the group consisting of -CH₂CH₂-, -CH₂CH(CH₃)-, -CH₂CH(CH₂OH)-, -CH₂CH₂CH2-, and mixtures thereof; each R⁴ is selected from the group consisting of C-j- C4 alkyl, C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl, benzyl ring structures formed by joining the two R⁴ groups, -CH2CHOH-CHOHCOR⁶CHOHCH₂OH wherein R^β is any hexose or hexose polymer having a molecular weight less than about 1000, and hydrogen when γ is not 0; R^ is the same as R⁴ or is an alkyl chain wherein the total number of carbon atoms of R² plus R⁵ is not more than about 18; each y is from 0 to about 10 and the sum of the y values is from 0 to about 15; and X is any compatible anion.

Highly preferred cationic surfactants are the water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds useful in the present composition having the formula

R-I R2R3R4N + X^* (i) wherein Rη is Cβ-C-i g alkyl, each of R2» R3 and R4 is independently C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 hydroxy alkyl, benzyl, and -<C2H4Q)χH where x has a value from 2 to 5, and X is an anion. Not more than one of R2, R3 or R4 should be benzyl.

The preferred alkyl chain length for R-j is C12-C15 particularly where the alkyl group is a mixture of chain lengths derived from coconut or palm kernel fat or is derived synthetically by olefin build up or OXO alcohols synthesis. Preferred groups for R2R3 and R4 are methyl and hydroxyethyl groups and the anion X may be selected from halide, methosulphate, acetate and phosphate ions.

Examples of suitable quaternary ammonium compounds of formulae (i) for use herein are : coconut trimethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; coconut methyl dihγdroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; decyl triethyl ammonium chloride; decyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; C-| 2-15 dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; coconut dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; myristyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulphate; lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or bromide; lauryl dimethyl (ethenoxy)4 ammonium chloride or bromide; choline esters (compounds of formula (i) wherein R-j is CH2-CH2-O-C-C 12-14 ^a,,cYl and R2R3R4 are methyl). | |

0 di-alkγl imidazolines [compounds of formula (i)].

Other cationic surfactants useful herein are also described in U.S. Patent 4,228,044, Cambre, issued October 14, 1980 and in European Patent Application EP 000,224.

When included therein, the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention typically comprise from 0.2% to about 25%, preferably from about 1 % to about 8% by weight of such cationic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are also suitable for use in the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention. These surfactants can be broadly described as aliphatic derivatives of secondary or tertiary amines, or aliphatic derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be straight- or branched-chain. One of the aliphatic substituents contains at least about 8 carbon atoms, typically from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and at least one contains an anionic water- solubilizing group, e.g. carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate. See U.S. Patent No. 3,929,678 to Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975 at column 19, lines 18-35, for examples of ampholytic surfactants.

When included therein, the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention typically comprise from 0.2% to about 15%, preferably from about 1 % to about 10% by weight of such ampholytic surfactants.

Zwitterionic surfactants are also suitable for use in laundry detergent compositions. These surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds. See U.S. Patent No. 3,929,678 to Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975 at column 19, line 38 through column 22, line 48, for examples of zwitterionic surfactants.

When included therein, the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention typically comprise from 0.2% to about 15%, preferably from about 1 % to about 10% by weight of such zwitterionic surfactants.

Semi-polar nonionic surfactants are a special category of nonionic surfactants which include water-soluble amine oxides containing one alkyl moiety of from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and 2 moieties selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups and hydroxyalkyl groups containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; water-soluble phosphine oxides containing one alkyl moiety of from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and 2 moieties selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups and hydroxyalkyl groups containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and water-soluble sulfoxides containing one alkyl moiety of from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and a moiety selected from the group consisting of alkyl and hydroxyalkyl moieties of from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms. Semi-polar nonionic detergent surfactants include the amine oxide surfactants having the formula

0

R³(OR⁴)xN(R5)2 wherein R³ is an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkyl phenyl group or mixtures therof containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms; R⁴ is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group containing from about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof; x is from 0 to about 3; and each R⁵ is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms or a polyethylene oxide group containing from about 1 to about 3 ethylene oxide groups. The R^ groups can be attached to each other, e.g., through an oxygen or nitrogen atom, to form a ring structure.

These amine oxide surfactants in particular include C 0-C18 alkyl dimethyl amine oxides and C8-C12 alkoxy ethyl dihydroxy ethyl amine oxides.

When included therein, the laundry detergent compositions of the present invention typically comprise from 0.2% to about 15%, preferably from about 1 % to about 10% by weight of such semi-polar nonionic surfactants.

Enzvmes

Preferred detergent compositions of the present invention may further comprise an enzyme which provides cleaning performance and/or fabric care benefits. Said enzymes include enzymes selected from cellulases, hemicellulases, peroxidases, proteases, gluco-amylases, amylases, lipases, xylanases, esterases, chondroitinase, laccase, cutinases, pectinases, keratanases, reductases, oxidases, phenoloxidases, lipoxygenases, ligninases, pullulanases, tannases, pentosanases, malanases, β-glucanases, arabinosidases or mixtures thereof.

Such combinations of hyaluronidase with other detergent enzymes will further boost cleaning by allowing more efficient access of other enzymes to the soil. Indeed, the amorphous gel which holds the soil to the fabric and hindered access has been hydrolysed by the hyaluronidase enzyme. Combined actions of protease/hyaluronidase, amylase/hyaluronidase and lipase/hyaluronidase will provide greatest degradation of these substrates.

A preferred combination is a cleaning composition having cocktail of conventional applicable enzymes like protease, amylase, lipase, cutinase and/or cellulase in conjunction with one or more plant cell wall degrading enzymes.

Proteases are incorporated in the detergent composition in an amount from 1 to 5000 PU/g composition; amylases in an amount from 1 to 5000 AU/g composition; lipases in an amount from 1 to 5000 LU/g composition and cellulases in an amount of 1 to 2000 CU/g composition.

The cellulases usable in the present invention include both bacterial or fungal cellulase. Preferably, they will have a pH optimum of between 5 and 9.5. Suitable cellulases are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,435,307, Barbesgoard et al, which discloses fungal cellulase produced from Humicola insolens. Suitable cellulases are also disclosed in GB-A-2.075.028; GB-A-2.095.275 and DE-OS-2.247.832.

Examples of such cellulases are cellulases produced by a strain of Humicola insolens (Humicola grisea var. thermoidea), particularly the Humicola strain DSM 1800.

Other suitable cellulases are cellulases originated from Humicola insolens having a molecular weight of about 50KDa, an isoelectric point of 5.5 and containing 415 amino acids. Especially suitable cellulases are the cellulases having color care benefits. Examples of such cellulases are cellulases described in European patent application No. 91202879.2, filed November 6, 1991 (Novo).

Peroxidase enzymes are used in combination with oxygen sources, e.g. percarbonate, perborate, persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, etc. They are used for "solution bleaching", i.e. to prevent transfer of dyes or pigments removed from substrates during wash operations to other substrates in the wash solution. Peroxidase enzymes are known in the art, and include, for example, horseradish peroxidase, ligninase, and haloperoxidase such as chloro- and bromo-peroxidase. Peroxidase-containing detergent compositions are disclosed, for example, in PCT International Application WO 89/099813 and in European Patent application EP No. 91202882.6, filed on November 6, 1991.

Said peroxidases are normally incorporated in the detergent composition at levels from 0.0001 % to 2% of active enzyme by weight of the detergent composition.

Preferred commercially available protease enzymes include those sold under the tradenames Alcalase, Savinase, Primase, Durazym, and Esperase by Novo Nordisk A/S (Denmark), those sold under the tradename Maxatase, Maxacal, Properase and Maxapem by Gist-Brocades, those sold by Genencor International, and those sold under the tradename Opticlean and Optimase by Solvay Enzymes. Also proteases described in our co-pending application USSN 08/136,797 can be included in the detergent composition of the invention.

Other preferred enzymes that can be included in the detergent compositions of the present invention include lipases. Suitable lipase enzymes for detergent usage include those produced by microorganisms of the Pseudomonas group, such as Pseudomonas stutzeri ATCC 19.154, as disclosed in British Patent 1 ,372,034. Suitable lipases include those which show a positive immunological cross-reaction with the antibody of the lipase, produced by the microorganism Pseudomonas fluorescent I AM 1057. This lipase is available from Amano Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, under the trade name Lipase P "Amano," hereinafter referred to as "Amano- P". Especially suitable lipases are lipases such as M1 Lipase^R and Lipomax^R (Gist-Brocades) and Lipolase^R and Lipolase Ultra^R (Novo) which have found to be very effective when used in combination with the compositions of the present invention. Also suitable are cutinases [EC 3.1.1.50] which can be considered as a special kind of lipase, namely lipases which do not require interfacial activation. Addition of cutinases to detergent compositions have been described in e.g. WO-A-88/09367 (Genencor).

The cutinases are normally incorporated in the detergent composition at levels from 0.0001 % to 2% of active enzyme by weight of the detergent composition.

Amylases (α and/or β) can be included for removal of carbohydrate- based stains. Suitable amylases are TermamylR (Novo Nordisk), Fungamyl^R and BAN^R (Novo Nordisk).

The above-mentioned enzymes may be of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast origin.

Other suitable detergent ingredients that can be added are enzyme oxidation scavengers which are described in Copending European Patent application 92870018.6 filed on January 31 , 1992. Examples of such enzyme oxidation scavengers are ethoxylated tetraethylene polyamines.

Bleaching agent

Combinations of the hyaluronidase enzyme with hydrophilic or hydrophobic bleaches drive improved removal of pigmented body stains through provision of a better access of the bleaching actives to the stains.

Bleaching agents such as PB1 , PB4 and percarbonate with a particle size of 400-800 microns can be included in such detergent compositions.

These bleaching agent components can include one or more oxygen bleaching agents and, depending upon the bleaching agent chosen, one or more bleach activators. When present oxygen bleaching compounds will typically be present at levels of from about 1 % to about 30%. In general, bleaching compounds are optional components in non-liquid formulations, e.g. granular detergents.

The bleaching agent component for use herein can be any of the bleaching agents useful for detergent compositions including oxygen bleaches as well as others known in the art.

The bleaching agent suitable for the present invention can be an activated or non-activated bleaching agent.

One category of oxygen bleaching agent that can be used encompasses percarboxylic acid bleaching agents and salts thereof. Suitable examples of this class of agents include magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydrate, the magnesium salt of meta-chloro perbenzoic acid, 4- nonylamino-4-oxoperoxybutγric acid and diperoxydodecanedioic acid. Such bleaching agents are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,483,781 , U.S. Patent Application 740,446, European Patent Application 0,133,354 and U.S. Patent 4,412,934. Highly preferred bleaching agents also include 6- nonylamino-6-oxoperoxycaproic acid as described in U.S. Patent 4,634,551. Another category of bleaching agents that can be used encompasses the halogen bleaching agents. Examples of hypohalite bleaching agents, for example, include trichloro isocyanuric acid and the sodium and potassium dichloroisocyanurates and N-chloro and N-bromo alkane sulphonamides. Such materials are normally added at 0.5-10% by weight of the finished product, preferably 1-5% by weight.

The hydrogen peroxide releasing agents can be used in combination with bleach activators such as tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), nonanoyloxγbenzene-sulfonate (NOBS, described in US 4,412,934), 3,5,- trimethylhexanoloxybenzenesulfonate (ISONOBS, described in EP 120,591 ) or pentaacetγlglucose (PAG), which are perhydrolyzed to form a peracid as the active bleaching species, leading to improved bleaching effect. Also suitable activators are acylated citrate esters such as disclosed in Copending European Patent Application No. 91870207.7. Useful bleaching agents, including peroxyacids and bleaching systems comprising bleach activators and peroxygen bleaching compounds for use in cleaning compositions according to the invention are described in our co¬ pending application USSN 08/136,626.

The hydrogen peroxide may also be present by adding an enzymatic system (i.e. an enzyme and a substrate therefore) which is capable of generating hydrogen peroxide at the beginning or during the washing and/or rinsing process. Such enzymatic systems are disclosed in EP Patent Application 91202655.6 filed October 9, 1991.

Bleaching agents other than oxygen bleaching agents are also known in the art and can be utilized herein. One type of non-oxygen bleaching agent of particular interest includes photoactivated bleaching agents such as the sulfonated zinc and/or aluminum phthalocyanines. These materials can be deposited upon the substrate during the washing process. Upon irradiation with light, in the presence of oxygen, such as by hanging clothes out to dry in the daylight, the sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine is activated and, consequently, the substrate is bleached. Preferred zinc phthalocyanine and a photoactivated bleaching process are described in U.S. Patent 4,033,718. Typically, detergent compositions will contain about 0.025% to about 1.25%, by weight, of sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine.

Bleaching agents will be added at a level of about 0.1 % to about 30% by weight of composition and in particular, TAED will be incorporated in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight of composition and percarbonate/perborate in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight of composition.

Lime soap peptisers echnology

Enhanced soil removal is obtained by combining the hyaluronidase enzye with lime soap peptisers. Soils containing fatty acids may interact with free hardness (calcium / magnesium) to form "lime" soap. They are insoluble and can fix stains by forming a difficult to remove scum at the stain / wash liquor interface. The lime soap peptisers are efficient at suspending these insoluble lime soap, enabling unhindered access to the stains by other wash actives and thereby boosting the cleaning performance.

Therefore, the compositions of the invention may contain a lime soap peptiser compound, which has a lime soap dispersing power (LSDP), as defined hereinafter of no more than 8, preferably no more than 7, most preferably no more than 6. The lime soap peptiser compound is preferably present at a level from 0% to 20% by weight.

A lime soap peptiser is a material that prevents the precipitation of alkali metal, ammonium or amine salts of fatty acids by calcium or magnesium ions. Moreover, lime soap peptisers have the ability to remove by "peptising", lime soaps from the fabric surface once formed.

A numerical measure of the effectiveness of a lime soap peptiser is given by the lime soap dispersant power (LSDP) which is determined using the lime soap dispersant test as described in an article by H.C. Borghettγ and CA. Bergman, J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc, volume 27, pages 88-90, (1950). This lime soap dispersion test method is widely used by practitioners in this art field being referred to, for example, in the following review articles; W.N. Linfieid, Surfactant science Series, Volume 7, page 3; W.N. Linfield, Tenside surf, det., volume 27, pages 159-163, (1990); and M.K. Nagarajan, W.F. Masler, Cosmetics and Toiletries, volume 104, pages 71- 73, (1989). The LSDP is the % weight ratio of dispersing agent to sodium oleate required to disperse the lime soap deposits formed by 0.025g of sodium oleate in 30ml of water of 333ppm CaCθ3 (Ca:Mg = 3:2) equivalent hardness.

Surfactants having good lime soap peptiser capability will include certain amine oxides, betaines, sulfobetaines, alkyl ethoxysulfates and ethoxylated alcohols.

Exemplary surfactants having a LSDP of no more than 8 for use in accord with the present invention include Cιg-Ci8 dimethyl amine oxide, C12-C 8 alkyl ethoxysulfates with an average degree of ethoxylation of from 1-5, particularly Ci 2- i 5 alkyl ethoxysulfate surfactant with a degree of ethoxylation of amount 3 (LSDP =4), and the C14-C15 ethoxylated alcohols with an average degree of ethoxylation of either 12 (LSDP = 6) or 30, sold under the tradenames Lutensol A012 and Lutensol A030 respectively, by BASF GmbH.

Polymeric lime soap peptisers suitable for use herein are described in the article by M.K. Nagarajan, W.F. Masler, to be found in Cosmetics and Toiletries, volume 104, pages 71-73, (1989). Examples of such polymeric lime soap peptisers include certain water-soluble salts of copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or mixtures thereof, and an acrylamide or substituted acrylamide, where such polymers typically have a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 20,000.

Hydrophobic bleaches such as 4-[N-octanoγl-6-aminohexanoyl]benzene sulfonate, 4-[N-nonanoyl-6-aminohexanoyl]benzene sulfonate, 4-[N- decanoy!-6-aminohexanoyl]benzene sulfonate and mixtures thereof; and nonanoyloxy benzene sulfonate together with hydrophilic / hydrophobic bleach formulations can also be used as lime soap peptisers compounds.

Optional detergent ingredients

There may be combinations with technologies which provide a type of color care benefit. Examples of these technologies are metallo catalysts for color maintenance. Such metallo catalysts are described in copending European Patent Application No. 92870181.2.

The compositions according to the present invention may further comprise a builder system. Any conventional builder system is suitable for use herein including aluminosilicate materials, silicates, polycarboxylates and fatty acids, materials such as ethylenediamine tetraacetate, metal ion sequestrants such as aminopolyphosphonates, particularly ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid and diethylene triamine pentamethylenephosphonic acid. Though less preferred for obvious environmental reasons, phosphate builders can also be used herein. Suitable builders can be an inorganic ion exchange material, commonly an inorganic hydrated aluminosilicate material, more particularly a hydrated synthetic zeolite such as hydrated zeolite A, X, B, HS or MAP.

Another suitable inorganic builder material is layered silicate, e.g.

SKS-6 (Hoechst). SKS-6 is a crystalline layered silicate consisting of sodium silicate (Na2Si2θs).

Suitable polycarboxylates containing one carboxy group include lactic acid, glycolic acid and ether derivatives thereof as disclosed in Belgian

Patent Nos. 831 ,368, 821 ,369 and 821 ,370. Polycarboxylates containing two carboxy groups include the water-soluble salts of succinic acid, malonic acid, (ethylenedioxγ) diacetic acid, maleic acid, diglycollic acid, tartaric acid, tartronic acid and fumaric acid, as well as the ether carboxylates described in German Offenlegenschrift 2,446,686, and 2,446,687 and U.S. Patent No.

3,935,257 and the sulfinyl carboxylates described in Belgian Patent No.

840,623. Polycarboxylates containing three carboxy groups include, in particular, water-soluble citrates, aconitrates and citraconates as well as succinate derivatives such as the carboxymethyloxysuccinates described in British Patent No. 1 ,379,241 , lactoxysuccinates described in Netherlands

Application 7205873, and the oxypolycarboxylate materials such as 2-oxa-

1 ,1,3-propane tricarboxylates described in British Patent No. 1 ,387,447.

Polycarboxylates containing four carboxy groups include oxydisuccinates disclosed in British Patent No. 1 ,261 ,829, 1 ,1 ,2,2-ethane tetracarboxylates, 1 ,1 ,3,3-propane tetracarboxylates and 1 ,1 ,2,3-propane tetracarboxylates. Polycarboxylates containing sulfo substituents include the sulfosuccinate derivatives disclosed in British Patent Nos. 1 ,398,421 and 1 ,398,422 and in U.S. Patent No. 3,936,448, and the sulfonated pyroiysed citrates described in British Patent No. 1 ,082,179, while polycarboxylates containing phosphone substituents are disclosed in British Patent No. 1 ,439,000.

Alicyclic and heterocyclic polycarboxylates include cyclopentane- cis,cis,cis-tetracarboxylates, cyclopentadienide pentacarboxγlates, 2,3,4,5- tetrahydro-furan - cis, cis, cis-tetracarboxyiates, 2,5-tetrahydro-furan -cis - dicarboxylates, 2,2,5,5-tetrahydrofuran - tetracarboxylates, 1 ,2,3,4,5,6- hexane -hexacar-boxylates and and carboxymethyl derivatives of polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol and xylitol. Aromatic poly-carboxγlates include mellitic acid, pyromellitic acid and the phthalic acid derivatives disclosed in British Patent No. 1,425,343.

Of the above, the preferred polycarboxylates are hydroxycarboxylates containing up to three carboxy groups per molecule, more particularly citrates.

Preferred builder systems for use in the present compositions include a mixture of a water-insoluble aluminosilicate builder such as zeolite A or of a layered silicate (SKS-6), and a water-soluble carboxylate chelating agent such as citric acid.

A suitable chetant for inclusion in the detergent compositions in accordance with the invention is ethyienediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) or the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, or substituted ammonium salts thereof, or mixtures thereof. Preferred EDDS compounds are the free acid form and the sodium or magnesium salt thereof. Examples of such preferred sodium salts of EDDS include Na2EDDS and Na4EDDS. Examples of such preferred magnesium salts of EDDS include MgEDDS and g2 DDS. The magnesium salts are the most preferred for inclusion in compositions in accordance with the invention.

Preferred builder systems include a mixture of a water-insoluble aluminosilicate builder such as zeolite A, and a watersoluble carboxylate chelating agent such as citric acid. Other builder materials that can form part of the builder system for use in granular compositions include inorganic materials such as alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates, and organic materials such as the organic phosphonates, amino polyalkylene phosphonates and amino polycarboxylates. Other suitable water-soluble organic salts are the homo- or co- polymeric acids or their salts, in which the polycarboxylic acid comprises at least two carboxyl radicals separated from each other by not more than two carbon atoms.

Polymers of this type are disclosed in GB-A-1 , 596,756. Examples of such salts are polyacrylates of MW 2000-5000 and their copolymers with maleic anhydride, such copolymers having a molecular weight of from 20,000 to 70,000, especially about 40,000.

Detergency builder salts are normally included in amounts of from 10% to 80% by weight of the composition preferably from 20% to 70% and most usually from 30% to 60% by weight.

Another optional ingredient is a suds suppressor, exemplified by silicones, and silica-silicone mixtures. Silicones can be generally represented by alkylated polysiloxane materials while silica is normally used in finely divided forms exemplified by silica aerogels and xerogels and hydrophobic silicas of various types. These materials can be incorporated as particulates in which the suds suppressor is advantageously releasably incorporated in a water-soluble or water-dispersible, substantially non-surface-active detergent impermeable carrier. Alternatively the suds suppressor can be dissolved or dispersed in a Iiquid carrier and applied by spraying on to one or more of the other components.

A preferred silicone suds controlling agent is disclosed in Bartollota et al. U.S. Patent 3 933 672. Other particularly useful suds suppressors are the self-emulsifying silicone suds suppressors, described in German Patent Application DTOS 2 646 126 published April 28, 1977. An example of such a compound is DC-544, commercially available from Dow Corning, which is a siloxane-glycol copolymer. Especially preferred suds controlling agent are the suds suppressor system comprising a mixture of silicone oils and 2-alkyl- alcanols. Suitable 2-alkyl-alkanols are 2-butγl-octanol which are commercially available under the trade name Isofol 12 R. Such suds suppressor system are described in Copending European Patent application N 92870174.7 filed 10 November, 1992.

Especially preferred silicone suds controlling agents are described in Copending European Patent application N°92201649.8. Said compositions can comprise a silicone/silica mixture in combination with fumed nonporous silica such as Aerosil^R.

The suds suppressors described above are normally employed at levels of from 0.001 % to 2% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.01 % to 1 % by weight.

Other components used in detergent compositions may be employed, such as soil-suspending agents, soil-release agents, optical brighteners, abrasives, bactericides, tarnish inhibitors, coloring agents, and/or encapsulated or non- encapsulated perfumes.

Especially suitable encapsulating materials are water soluble capsules which consist of a matrix of polysaccharide and polyhydroxy compounds such as described in GB 1 ,464,616.

Other suitable water soluble encapsulating materials comprise dextrins derived from ungelatinized starch acid-esters of substituted dicarboxylic acids such as described in US 3,455,838. These acid-ester dextrins are, preferably, prepared from such starches as waxy maize, waxy sorghum, sago, tapioca and potato. Suitable examples of said encapsulating materials include N-Lok manufactured by National Starch. The N-Lok encapsulating material consists of a modified maize starch and glucose. The starch is modified by adding monofunctional substituted groups such as octenyl succinic acid anhydride.

Antiredeposition and soil suspension agents suitable herein include cellulose derivatives such as methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose and hydroxyethγlcellulose, and homo- or co-polymeric polycarboxylic acids or their salts. Polymers of this type include the polyacrylates and maleic anhydride-acrylic acid copolymers previously mentioned as builders, as well as copolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene, methylvinyl ether or methacrylic acid, the maleic anhydride constituting at least 20 mole percent of the copolymer. These materials are normally used at levels of from 0.5% to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.75% to 8%, most preferably from 1 % to 6% by weight of the composition.

Preferred optical brighteners are anionic in character, examples of which are disodium 4,4'-bis-(2-diethanolamino-4-anilino -s- triazin-6- ylamino)stilbene-2:2' disulphonate, disodium 4, - 4'-bis-(2-morpholino-4- anilino-s-triazin-6-ylamino-stilbene-2:2' - disulphonate, disodium 4,4' - bis- (2,4-dianilino-s-triazin-6-ylamino)stilbene-2:2' - disulphonate, monosodium 4', 4" -bis-(2,4-dianilino-s-tri-azin-6 ylamino)stilbene-2-sulphonate, disodium 4,4' -bis-(2-anilino-4-(N-methyl-N-2-hydroxyethylamino)-s-triazin-6- ylamino)stilbene-2,2' - disulphonate, di-sodium 4,4' -bis-(4-phenyl-2,1 ,3- triazol-2-yl)-stilbene-2,2' disulphonate, di-so-dium 4,4'bis(2-anilino-4-(1- methyl-2-hγdroxyethylamino)-s-triazin-6- ylami-no)stilbene-2,2'disulphonate, sodium 2(stilbyl-4"-(naphtho-1 ',2':4,5)-1 ,2,3 - triazole-2"-sulphonate and 4,4'-bis(2-sulphostγryl)biphenyl.

Other useful polymeric materials are the polyethylene glycols, particularly those of molecular weight 1000-10000, more particularly 2000 to 8000 and most preferably about 4000. These are used at levels of from 0.20% to 5% more preferably from 0.25% to 2.5% by weight. These polymers and the previously mentioned homo- or co-polymeric polycarboxylate salts are valuable for improving whiteness maintenance, fabric ash deposition, and cleaning performance on clay, proteinaceous and oxidizable soils in the presence of transition metal impurities.

Soil release agents useful in compositions of the present invention are conventionally copolymers or terpolymers of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol units in various arrangements. Examples of such polymers are disclosed in the commonly assigned US Patent Nos. 4116885 and 4711730 and European Published Patent Application No. 0 272 033. A particular preferred polymer in accordance with EP-A-0 272 033 has the formula (CH₃(PEG)43)o.75<PO^H)0.25[T-PO)₂.8(T-PEG)o.4]T(PO-

H)0.25«PEG)4₃CH₃)o.75 where PEG is -(OC2H4)O-,PO is (OC3H6O) and T is (PCOC6H4CO).

Also very useful are modified polyesters as random copolymers of dimethyl terephthalate, dimethyl sulfoisophthalate, ethylene glycol and 1-2 propane diol, the end groups consisting primarily of sulphobenzoate and secondarily of mono esters of ethylene glycol and/or propane-dioi. The target is to obtain a polymer capped at both end by sulphobenzoate groups, "primarily", in the present context most of said copolymers herein will be end-capped by sulphobenzoate groups. However, some copolymers will be less than fully capped, and therefore their end groups may consist of monoester of ethylene glycol and/or propane 1-2 diol, thereof consist "secondarily" of such species.

The selected polyesters herein contain about 46% by weight of dimethyl terephthalic acid, about 16% by weight of propane -1.2 diol, about 10% by weight ethylene glycol about 13% by weight of dimethyl sulfobenzoic acid and about 15% by weight of sulfoisophthalic acid, and have a molecular weight of about 3.000. The polyesters and their method of preparation are described in detail in EPA 31 1 342.

Softening agents :

Fabric softening agents can also be incorporated into laundry detergent compositions in accordance with the present invention. These agents may be inorganic or organic in type. Inorganic softening agents are exemplified by the smectite clays disclosed in GB-A-1 400 898 and in USP 5,019,292. Organic fabric softening agents include the water insoluble tertiary amines as disclosed in GB-A1 514 276 and EP-BO 011 340 and their combination with mono C12-C14 quaternary ammonium salts are disclosed in EP-B-0 026 527 and EP-B-0 026 528 and di-iong-chain amides as disclosed in EP-B-0 242 919. Other useful organic ingredients of fabric softening systems include high molecular weight polyethylene oxide materials as disclosed in EP-A-0 299 575 and 0 313 146.

Levels of smectite clay are normally in the range from 5% to 15%, more preferably from 8% to 12% by weight, with the material being added as a dry mixed component to the remainder of the formulation. Organic fabric softening agents such as the water-insoluble tertiary amines or dilong chain amide materials are incorporated at levels of from 0.5% to 5% by weight, normally from 1 % to 3% by weight whilst the high molecular weight polyethylene oxide materials and the water soluble cationic materials are added at levels of from 0.1 % to 2%, normally from 0.15% to 1.5% by weight. These materials are normally added to the spray dried portion of the composition, although in some instances it may be more convenient to add them as a dry mixed particulate, or spray them as molten Iiquid on to other solid components of the composition.

Dye transfer inhibition :

The present invention also relates to a process for inhibiting dye transfer from one fabric to another of solubilized and suspended dyes encountered during fabric laundering operations involving colored fabrics.

Polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents

The detergent compositions according to the present invention also comprise from 0.001 % to 10 %, preferably from 0.01 % to 2%, more preferably from 0.05% to 1 % by weight of polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents. Said polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents are normally incorporated into detergent compositions in order to inhibit the transfer of dyes from colored fabrics onto fabrics washed therewith. These polymers have the ability to complex or adsorb the fugitive dyes washed out of dyed fabrics before the dyes have the opportunity to become attached to other articles in the wash. Especially suitable polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents are polyamine N- oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers, polyvinyloxazolidones and polyvinylimidazoles or mixtures thereof. Addition of such polymers also enhances the performance of the enzymes according the invention.

a) Polyamine N-oxide polymers

The polyamine N-oxide polymers suitable for use contain units having the following structure formula :

P

(I) A>

R wherein P is a polymerisable unit, whereto the R-N-O group can be attached to or wherein the R-N-O group forms part of the polymerisable unit or a combination of both.

0 0 0

I I I I I I A is NC, CO, C -0-, -S-, -N- ; x is 0 or 1 ; R are aliphatic, ethoxylated aliphatics, aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclic groups or any combination thereof whereto the nitrogen of the N-0 group can be attached or wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group is part of these groups.

The N-O group can be represented by the following general structures

0 0

1 I (Rl ) x -N- (R2) y =N- (Rl ) x (R3 ) z

wherein R1 , R2, and R3 are aliphatic groups, aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclic groups or combinations thereof, x or/and y or/and z is 0 or 1 and wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group can be attached or wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group forms part of these groups.

The N-O group can be part of the polymerisable unit (P) or can be attached to the polymeric backbone or a combination of both.

Suitable polyamine N-oxides wherein the N-O group forms part of the polymerisable unit comprise polyamine N-oxides wherein R is selected from aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic groups.

One class of said polyamine N-oxides comprises the group of polyamine N- oxides wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group forms part of the R-group.

Preferred polyamine N-oxides are those wherein R is a heterocyclic group such as pyrridine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrrolidine, piperidine, quinoline, acridinβ and derivatives thereof.

Another class of said polyamine N-oxides comprises the group of polyamine N-oxides wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group is attached to the R-group.

Other suitable polyamine N-oxides are the polyamine oxides whereto the N-O group is attached to the polymerisable unit.

Preferred class of these polyamine N-oxides are the polyamine N-oxides having the general formula (I) wherein R is an aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclic groups wherein the nitrogen of the N-O functional group is part of said R group.

Examples of these classes are polyamine oxides wherein R is a heterocyclic compound such as pyrridine, pyrrole, imidazole and derivatives thereof. Another preferred class of polyamine N-oxides are the polyamine oxides having the general formula (I) wherein R are aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclic groups wherein the nitrogen of the N-O functional group is attached to said R groups.

Examples of these classes are polyamine oxides wherein R groups can be aromatic such as phenyl. Any polymer backbone can be used as long as the amine oxide polymer formed is water-soluble and has dye transfer inhibiting properties. Examples of suitable polymeric backbones are polyvinyls, polyalkylenes, polyesters, polyethers, polyamide, polyimides, polyacrylates and mixtures thereof.

The amine N-oxide polymers of the present invention typically have a ratio of amine to the amine N-oxide of 10:1 to 1 :1000000. However the amount of amine oxide groups present in the polyamine oxide polymer can be varied by appropriate copolymerization or by appropriate degree of N- oxidation. Preferably, the ratio of amine to amine N-oxide is from 2:3 to 1 :1000000. More preferably from 1 :4 to 1 :1000000, most preferably from 1 :7 to 1 :1000000. The polymers of the present invention actually encompass random or block copolymers where one monomer type is an amine N-oxide and the other monomer type is either an amine N-oxide or not. The amine oxide unit of the polyamine N-oxides has a PKa < 10, preferably PKa < 7, more preferred PKa < 6.

The polyamine oxides can be obtained in almost any degree of polymerisation. The degree of polymerisation is not critical provided the material has the desired water-solubility and dye-suspending power. Typically, the average molecular weight is within the range of 500 to

1000,000; preferably from 1 ,000 to 50,000, more preferably from 2,000 to 30,000, most preferably from 3,000 to 20,000.

b) Copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinγiimidazole

The N-vinylimidazole N-vinylpyrrolidone polymers used in the present invention have an average molecular weight range from 5,000-1 ,000,000, preferably from 20,000-200,000. Highly preferred polymers for use in detergent compositions according to the present invention comprise a polymer selected from N- vinylimidazole N-vinyipyrrolidone copolymers wherein said polymer has an average molecular weight range from 5,000 to 50,000 more preferably from 8,000 to 30,000, most preferably from 10,000 to 20,000.

The average molecular weight range was determined by light scattering as described in Barth H.G. and Mays J.W. Chemical Analysis Vol 113, "Modern Methods of Polymer Characterization".

Highly preferred N-vinylimidazole N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymers have an average molecular weight range from 5,000 to 50,000; more preferably from 8,000 to 30,000; most preferably from 10,000 to 20,000.

The N-vinylimidazole N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymers characterized by having said average molecular weight range provide excellent dye transfer inhibiting properties while not adversely affecting the cleaning performance of detergent compositions formulated therewith. The N-vinylimidazole N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer of the present invention has a molar ratio of N-vinylimidazole to N-vinylpyrrolidone from 1 to 0.2, more preferably from 0.8 to 0.3, most preferably from 0.6 to 0.4 .

c) Polyvinylpyrrolidone

The detergent compositions of the present invention may also utilize polyvinylpyrrolidone ("PVP") having an average molecular weight of from about 2,500 to about 400,000, preferably from about 5,000 to about 200,000, more preferably from about 5,000 to about 50,000, and most preferably from about 5,000 to about 15,000. Suitable polyvinylpyrrolidones are commercially vailable from ISP Corporation, New York, NY and Montreal, Canada under the product names PVP K-15 (viscosity molecular weight of 10,000), PVP K-30 (average molecular weight of 40,000), PVP K-60 (average molecular weight of 160,000), and PVP K-90 (average molecular weight of 360,000). Other suitable polyvinylpyrrolidones which are commercially available from BASF Cooperation include Sokalan HP 165 and Sokalan HP 12; polyvinylpyrrolidones known to persons skilled in the detergent field (see for example EP-A-262,897 and EP-A-256,696).

d) Polyvinyloxazolidone :

The detergent compositions of the present invention may also utilize polyvinyloxazolidone as a polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agent. Said polyvinyloxazolidones have an average molecular weight of from about 2,500 to about 400,000, preferably from about 5,000 to about 200,000, more preferably from about 5,000 to about 50,000, and most preferably from about 5,000 to about 15,000.

e) Polyvinyiimidazole :

The detergent compositions of the present invention may also utilize polyvinyiimidazole as polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agent. Said polyvinylimidazoles have an average about 2,500 to about 400,000, preferably from about 5,000 to about 200,000, more preferably from about 5,000 to about 50,000, and most preferably from about 5,000 to about 15,000.

Method of washing

The process described herein comprises contacting fabrics with a laundering solution in the usual manner and exemplified hereunder.

The process of the invention is conveniently carried out in the course of the cleaning process. The method of cleaning is preferably carried out at 5 °C to 95 °C, especially between 10°C and 60°C. The pH of the treatment solution is preferably from 7 to 11, especially from 7.5 to 10.5.

The following examples are meant to exemplify compositions of the present invention, but are not necessarily meant to limit or otherwise define the scope of the invention.

In the detergent compositions, the abbreviated component identifications have the following meanings: LAS Sodium linear C12 alkyl benzene sulphonate

TAS Sodium tallow alkyl sulphate

XYAS Sodium Cι χ - C γ alkyl sulfate

SAS C12-C14 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfate in the form of the sodium salt.

APG Alkyl polyglycoside surfactant of formula C12 - (glycosyl)_x, where x is 1.5,

AEC Alkyl ethoxycarboxylate surfactant of formula C12 ethoxy (2) carboxylate.

SS Secondary soap surfactant of formula 2-butyl octanoic acid

25EY A C 2-C 5 predominantly linear primary alcohol condensed with an average of Y moles of ethylene oxide

45EY A C14 - C15 predominantly linear primary alcohol condensed with an average of Y moles of ethylene oxide

XYEZS ^C1 X - Cιγ sodium alkyl sulfate condensed with an average of Z moles of ethylene oxide per mole Nonionic ^c13"^c15 mixed ethoxylated/propoxylated fatty alcohol with an average degree of ethoxylation of 3.8 and an average degree of propoxylation of 4.5 sold under the tradename Plurafax LF404 by BASF Gmbh

CFAA C12-C14 alkyl N-methyl glucamide

TFAA C16-C18 alkyl N-methyl glucamide.

Silicate Amorphous Sodium Silicate (SiO2:Na2O ratio 2.0)

NaSKS-6 Crystalline layered silicate of formula δ- Na2Si2θ₅

Carbonate Anhydrous sodium carbonate

Phosphate Sodium tripolyphosphate

MA/AA Copolymer of 1 :4 maleic/acrylic acid, average molecular weight about 80,000

Polyacrylate Polyacrylate homopolymer with an average molecular weight of 8,000 sold under the tradename PA30 by BASF GmbH

Zeolite A Hydrated Sodium Aluminosilicate of formula Nai2(A1θ2Siθ2h2- 7H2θ having a primary particle size in the range from 1 to 10 micrometers

Citrate Tri-sodium citrate dihydrate Citric Citric Acid

Perborate Anhydrous sodium perborate monohydrate bleach, empirical formula NaBθ2-H2θ2

PB4 Anhydrous sodium perborate tetrahydrate

Percarbonate Anhydrous sodium percarbonate bleach of empirical formula 2Na2Cθ3-3H2θ2

TAED Tetraacetyl ethylene diamine

Paraffin Paraffin oil sold under the tradename Winog 70 by Wintershall.

Hyaluronidase Enzyme as described in the present application.

Protease Proteolytic enzyme sold under the tradename Savinase by Novo Nordisk A/S.

Amylase Amylolytic enzyme sold under the tradename Termamyl by Novo Nordisk A/S

Lipase Lipolytic enzyme sold under the tradename Lipolase by Novo Nordisk A/S

Peroxidase Peroxidase enzyme

Cellulase Cellulosic enzyme sold under the tradename Carezγme or Celluzyme by Novo Nordisk A/S.

CMC Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose

HEDP 1 ,1-hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid DETPMP Diethylene triamine penta (methylene phosphonic acid), marketed by Monsanto under the Trade name Dequest 2060

PVP Polyvinyl pyrroiidone polymer

EDDS Ethylenediamine -N, N'- disuccinic acid, [S,S] isomer in the form of the sodium salt.

Suds Suppressor 25% paraffin wax Mpt 50°C, 17% hydrophobic silica, 58% paraffin oil.

Granular Suds 12% Silicone/silica, 18% stearyl alcohol, 70% Suppressor starch in granular form

SCS Sodium cumene sulphonate

Sulphate Anhydrous sodium sulphate.

HMWPEO High molecular weight polyethylene oxide

PGMS Polyglycerol monostearate having a tradename of Radiasurf 248

TAE 25 Tallow alcohol ethoxylate (25)

In the following examples all levels of enzyme quoted are expressed as % active enzyme by weight of the composition:

Example 1

Granular fabric cleaning compositions in accord with the invention were prepared as follows: III IV

LAS 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0

Phosphate 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0

Carbonate 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0

Silicate 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0

Zeolite A 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2

DETPMP 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Sodium sulfate 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5

Protease 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.005 -

Hyaluronidase 0.001 0.03 0.05 0.10 0.06

Lipase 0.005 0.01 - - -

Cellulase 0.001 - - 0.001 -

Amylase 0.01 - 0.01 - -

Water/minors Up to

100%

Example 2

Granular fabric cleaning compositions in accord with the invention were prepared as follows:

I II III IV V

LAS 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0

Zeolite A 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0

SS 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

SAS 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Citrate 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Sodium Sulfate 17.0 17.0 17.0 28.0 17.0

Perborate 16.0 16.0 16.0 - 16.0

TAED 5.0 5.0 5.0 - 5.0

Hyaluronidase 0.20 0.01 0.02 0.008 0.06

Protease 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.08 -

Lipase 0.005 0.01 . . . Cellulase 00..000011 -- - 0.001

Amylase 0.01 0.01

Water/minors Up to 100%

Example 3

Granular fabric cleaning compositions in accord with the invention which are especially useful in the laundering of coloured fabrics were prepared as follows :

LAS 11.4 10.7 -

TAS 1.8 2.4 ^'-

TFAA - - 4.0

45AS 3.0 3.1 10.0

45E7 4.0 4.0 -

25E3S - - 3.0

68E11 1.8 1.8 -

25E5 - - 8.0

Citrate 14.0 15.0 7.0

Carbonate - - 10

Citric acid 3.0 2.5 3.0

Zeolite A 32.5 32.1 25.0

Na-SKS-6 - - 9.0

MA/AA 5.0 5.0 5.0

DETPMP 1.0 0.2 0.8

Hyaluronidase 0.01 0.05 0.02

Protease 0.02 0.02 0.01

Lipase 0.03 0.04 0.005

Amylase 0.03 0.03 0.005

Pectinase 0.01 - 0.01

Cellulase 0.005 - 0.001

Silicate 2.0 2.5 -

Sulphate 3.5 5.2 3.0 PVP 0.3 0.5

Poly (4-vinylpyridine)-N- - - 0.2 oxide/copolymer of vinyl-imidazole and vinyl-pyrrolidone

Perborate 0.5 1.0

Peroxidase 0.01 0.01

Phenol sulfonate 0.1 0.2

Water/Minors Up to 100%

Example 4

Granular fabric cleaning compositions in accord with the invention were prepared as follows:

LAS 6.5 8.0

Sulfate 15.0 18.0

Zeolite A 26.0 22.0

Sodium nitrilotriacetate 5.0 5.0

PVP 0.5 0.7

TAED 3.0 3.0

Boric acid 4.0 -

Perborate 0.5 1.0

Phenol sulphonate 0.1 0.2

Protease 0.06 0.02

Hyaluronidase 0.01 0.02

Silicate 5.0 5.0

Carbonate 15.0 15.0

Peroxidase 0.1 0.1

Lipase 0.01 -

Amylase 0.01 0.01

Pectinase 0.02 -

Cellulase 0.005 0.00

Water/minors Up to 100% Example 5

A compact granular fabric cleaning composition in accord with the invention was prepared as follows:

45AS 8.0

25E3S 2.0

25E5 3.0

25E3 3.0

TFAA 2.5

Zeolite A 17.0

NaSKS-6 12.0

Citric acid 3.0

Carbonate 7.0

MA/AA 5.0

CMC 0.4

Poly (4-vinylpyridine)-N-oxide/ 0.2 copolymer of vinylimidazole and vinylpyrrolidone

Hyaluronidase 0.05

Protease 0.05

Lipase 0.005

Cellulase 0.001

Amylase 0.01

TAED 6.0

Percarbonate 22.0

EDDS 0.3

Granular suds suppressor 3.5 water/minors Up to 100%

Example 6 A granular fabric cleaning compositions in accord with the invention which provide "softening through the wash" capability were prepared as follows:

45AS - 10.0

LAS 7.6 -

68AS 1.3 -

45E7 4.0 -

25E3 - 5.0

Coco-alkyl-dimethyl hydroxy¬ 1.4 1.0 ethyl ammonium chloride

Citrate 5.0 3.0

Na-SKS-6 - 11.0

Zeolite A 15.0 15.0

MA/AA 4.0 4.0

DETPMP 0.4 0.4

Perborate 15.0 -

Percarbonate - 15.0

TAED 5.0 5.0

Smectite clay 10.0 10.0

HMWPEO - 0.1

Protease 0.02 0.01

Lipase 0.02 0.01

Amylase 0.03 0.005

Hyaluronidase 0.03 0.005

Cellulase 0.02 0.001

Pectinase 0.01 0.02

Silicate 3.0 5.0

Carbonate 10.0 10.0

Granular suds suppressor 1.0 4.0

CMC 0.2 0.1

Water/minors Up to 100%

Examole 7 Heavy duty Iiquid fabric cleaning compositions suitable for use in the pretreatment of stained fabrics, and for use in a machine laundering method, in accord with the invention were prepared as follows:

I II III IV V

24AS 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0

SS 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Citrate 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

12E₃ 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0

Monethanolamine 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Hyaluronidase 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.001 0.003

Protease 0.005 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.01

Lipase 0.002 0.01 0.02 - 0.004

Amylase 0.005 0.005 - - 0.004

Cellulase 0.04 - 0.01 - -

Pectinase 0.02 0.02 - - -

Water/propγlene glγcol/ethanol (100:1 :1 )

ExanriDle 8

Heavy duty Iiquid fabric cleaning compositions in accord with the invention were prepared as follows:

I II III IV

LAS acid form - - 25.0 -

Ci 2- 4 alkenyl succinic 3.0 8.0 10.0 - acid

Citric acid 10.0 15.0 2.0 2.0

25AS acid form 8.0 8.0 - 15.0

25AE2S acid form - 3.0 - 4.0

25AE7 . 8.0 . 6.0

25AE3 8.0 CFAA - - - 6.0

DETPMP 0.2 - 1.0 1.0

Fatty acid - - - 10.0

Oleic acid 1.8 - 1.0 -

Ethanol 4.0 4.0 6.0 2.0

Propanediol 2.0 2.0 6.0 10.0

Hyaluronidase 0.05 0.01 0.005 0.02

Protease 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01

Amylase 0.005 0.01 0.005 0.01

Cellulase 0.005 - - -

Pectinase 0.02 - - -

Coco-alkyI dimethyl hydroxy - - 3.0 - ethyl ammonium chloride

Smectite clay - - 5.0 -

PVP 1.0 2.0 - -

Perborate - 1.0 - -

Phenol sulphonate - 0.2 - -

Peroxidase - 0.01 - -

NaOH Up to pH 7.5

Waters/minors Up to 100%

Examole 9

The following rinse added fabric softener composition, in accord with the invention, was prepared (parts by weight).

Softener active 24.5

PGMS 2.0

TAE 25 1.5

Hyaluronidase 0.001

Cellulase 0.001

HCL 0.12 Antifoam agent 0.019

Blue dye 80ppm

CaCl2 0.35

Perfume 0.90

Claims

1. A detergent composition comprising a hyaluronidase enzyme.

2. A detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein said hyaluronidase enzyme is present at a level of from 0.1 to 5000 HU/g composition, preferably from 10 to 1000 HU/g composition, most preferably from 20 to 200 HU/g composition.

3. A detergent composition according to claims 1-2 further comprising a protease at a level of 1-5000 PU/g composition.

4. A detergent composition according to claims 1-3 further comprising a amylase at a level of 1-5000 AU/g composition.

5. A detergent composition according to claims 1-4 further comprising a lipase at a level of 1-5000 LU/g composition.

6. A detergent composition according to claims 1-5 further comprising a cellulase at a level of 1-2000 CU/g composition.

7. A detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims further comprising other enzymes providing cleaning performance and/or fabric care benefits.

8. A detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims further comprising a bleach system comprising a bleach activator and a bleaching agent.

9. A detergent composition according to claim 8 wherein said bleach activator is tetraacetylethylenediamine at a level of 0.1 to 10% by weight of composition and said bleaching agent is percarbonate or perborate or a mixture thereof at a level from 0.1 to 30% by weight of composition.

10. A detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims further comprising one or more components selected from anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants.

1 1. A detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims further comprising lime soap peptisers compounds.

12. A detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising suds suppressors, soil suspension and anti- redeposition agents, smectite clays, builder components and the like.

13. A detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that the composition is a granular detergent composition containing no more than 15% by weight of inorganic filler salt.

14. A detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that the composition is a heavy duty Iiquid composition.

15. A detergent additive comprising a hyaluronidase enzyme.