WO1996034727A2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing a reinforced constructional element, and such constructional element - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for manufacturing a reinforced constructional element, and such constructional element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996034727A2 WO1996034727A2 PCT/NL1996/000191 NL9600191W WO9634727A2 WO 1996034727 A2 WO1996034727 A2 WO 1996034727A2 NL 9600191 W NL9600191 W NL 9600191W WO 9634727 A2 WO9634727 A2 WO 9634727A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- formwork
- constructional
- plate members
- constructional member
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
- B28B1/523—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement containing metal fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
- B28B23/022—Means for inserting reinforcing members into the mould or for supporting them in the mould
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1, for manufacturing a constructional element.
- a method is known from practice.
- Such reinforcement is typically manufactured from mild steel, which has a greater tensile strength than the concrete itself.
- a consequence of this known method is that the constructional member thus formed always contains cracks, which is disadvantageous to the durability of the material.
- the crack width directly depends on the thickness of the reinforcement used and the measure of covering of the reinforcement.
- the crack width can be limited tnrough the use of relatively thin reinforcement and/or through increasing the coverage.
- a drawback of the use of thinner reinforcement is that extremely thin re ⁇ inforcement bars in particular are difficult to process, while precisely such reinforcement could minimize crack formation, and in particular the width thereof.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type described in the preamble of claim 1, wherein at least the tensile strength of a constructional member is increased in at least one direction, while crack formation in the constructional member is prevented or at least minimized, while the width of any cracks that may occur in the construc ⁇ tional member is kept small and, moreover, continuation of beginning crack formation is quickly prevented.
- a method according to the invention is characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
- a constructional member which has a high strength, stiffness and toughness.
- the width of the crack is kept small owing to the very slight thickness of the fibers acting as reinforcement, while the crack formation is rapidly stopped as a result of the crack 'getting stuck' against an adjacent or nearby fiber.
- a constructional member manufactured according to the invention in the case of beginning crack formation caused by, for instance, overload on the constructional member, crack formation in the constructional member is retarded owing to the large number of thin, short fibers.
- cracking occurs suddenly, in a relatively short time, whereas in a constructional member according to the invention, crack formation develops gradually and in a relatively long time. After all, breaking, cracking, deforming and/or loosening of fibers will occur substantially individually, while relatively much energy can be taken up, particularly if the fibers are positioned so as to be distributed over almost the entire surface of a cross section of the constructional member, which cross section extends at right angles to the direction of pulling.
- a constructional member according to the invention is safer in use, because sudden breaking is prevented.
- the fiber direction can easily be prevented from being adversely affected during falling, while the fibers can be provided in the formwork in a quick and cheap manner and in the desired direction of orientation.
- a method according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 3.
- the orientation of the fibers can be locally determined in a particularly simple manner, enabling it to be chosen at any desired position in the formwork, and accordingly in the constructional element.
- All strands can for instance be disposed parallel to each other in layers one above the other, resulting in a construc- tional element of a maximum tensile and compressive strength in one direction.
- Such a method is for instance particularly suitable for the manufacture of constructional members having an elongated shape which are to be loaded in a longitudinal direction, such as bars in concrete trust girders and the like.
- strands in one plane or in different planes lying one above the other may include an angle relative to each other, whereby the strength of the constructional member can be increased in two or more directions.
- strands can be arranged crosswise or in radial direction.
- Such a method is for instance particularly suitable for the manufacture of shell-shaped, flat and single or double-curved constructional members such as domed roof members and the like.
- a method according to the invention is characterized by the features of claims 4 and 5.
- a filling apparatus having a filling opening which is at least height-adjustable offers the advantage that for each layer of fibers that is to be deposited in the formwork, the filling opening can always be set to the most suitable, minimum height of fall.
- the orientation of the fibers in each layer can thus be optimized in a simple manner.
- the height of fall to be less than at least the average and preferably less than the minimum length of the fibers to be discharged, the fibers are even more effectively prevented from assuming an orientation other than is desired during falling.
- the direction of the fibers can be determined very accurately at any position in the construc ⁇ tional member.
- the invention moreover relates to a method according to claim 6.
- a space can be filled in an optimum manner, so that the volume share of fibers in the space can be chosen to be relatively large, for instance 20% or more.
- a stronger, better constructional element can be obtained.
- the advantage achieved is that less volume is necessary for storing and conveying an amount of fibers than in the case of known methods wherein fibers are discharged into a package loosely and in random orientation.
- the invention further relates to a constructional member according to claim 7.
- a constructional member according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 9.
- a constructional member having fibers for more than 10%, and preferably more than 20% of its volume yields particularly strong construc ⁇ tional members, also in the case of filling material that, compared with the fiber material, is relatively brittle, such as concrete or cement, when tough fibers are used.
- the invention moreover relates to an apparatus for use in a method according to the invention or in the manufacture of a constructional element according to the invention.
- Such an apparatus is characterized by the features of claim 13.
- Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a formwork, partly filled with fibers, for a first exemplary embodiment of a constructional member
- Fig. 2 is a top plan view of a fiber-filled formwork for an alternative embodiment of a constructional member;
- Fig. 3 schematically shows a first exemplary embodiment of a filling apparatus;
- FIG. 3A shows a cross section of the filling apparatus according to Fig. 3;
- Fig. 4 schematically shows a second exemplary embodiment of a filling apparatus;
- Fig. 4A shows a cross section of the filling apparatus according to Fig. 4.
- Fig. 5 schematically shows a third exemplary embodiment of a filling apparatus
- Fig. 5A shows a cross section of the filling apparatus according to Fig. 5.
- Fig. 1 shows a formwork 1 for a beam-shaped constructio ⁇ nal element, for instance a concrete prefab building element.
- the formwork 1 is built up of five planks and is box-shaped.
- the formwork has a relatively great length compared with the height and width.
- other shapes and constructions of formworks and like mold cavities are possible as well.
- a filling apparatus 10 of which a number of exemplary embodiments are shown in Figs. 3-5, an amount of fibers 2 have been disposed on the bottom of the formwork and on each other. In proportion to the inside dimensions of the formwork, the fibers 2 have a very short length and a very small section.
- the fibers 2 all extend parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the formwork and are discharged loosely into the formwork, in rows and layers.
- the entire formwork has been filled with the fibers 2, for instance 20-30% of the volume of the formwork is taken up by the fibers, the remaining space is open.
- a filling material is introduced into the formwork in the form of a hardening slurry, for instance cast concrete or cement, which is sufficiently fluid for flowing in between the fibers. Accordingly, all space between and round the fibers 2 is filled up by the slurry, so that all fibers are completely embedded in the hardening slurry. During the hardening of the slurry, a proper adhesion is obtained between the fibers 2 and the filling material.
- the fibers 2 act as longitudinal strength-enhancing reinforcing elements, while in the case of beginning crack formation, the fibers 2 provide that crack widths are only small, owing to the slight dimensions of the fibers, while moreover, the crack formation is stopped relatively quickly owing to the crack 'getting stuck' against an adjacent or nearby fiber or fibers.
- a constructional element manufactured according to this method has in particular a high tensile and compressive strength and a great toughness compared with constructional elements manufactured in a conventional manner. This can be appreciated as follows.
- breaking will locally occur in the filling material of the constructional element.
- the forces are then locally trans ⁇ ferred by the or each fiber that extends over that plane of fracture.
- more and more fibers are loaded in tension. This involves the short, thin fibers being gradually and individually pulled loose, with friction, from the enclosure of the filling material, so that the crack formation and, possibly, breaking occurs very gradually only. Because the fibers are pulled loose, the width of the cracks remains limited, other than in cases where thick reinforcement bars are used.
- a crack reaching a nearby fiber will usually not proceed there, because at that location, the tension is essentially transferred via the fiber into the constructional element. This also causes the length of the cracks to remain limited.
- a constructional element according to the invention in the event of overload, a large number of thin, approximately parallel cracks are formed, rather than one or a limited number of wide cracks.
- the distribution of the thin fibers over the entire plane of the cross section of the constructional element has the additional advantage that part of the fibers are located adjacent the outer side that is maximally loaded in tension, at a relatively large distance from the neutral line, so that the constructional element is also more resistant to such a load than a constructional element manufactured in the known manner, wherein the or each reinforcement bar is located at a relatively large distance from the outer surfaces of the constructional element, relatively close to the neutral line.
- substantially all fibers contribute to the increase of the tensile strength and the toughness of the constructional element, owing to their orientation.
- the fibers are oriented at random. Consequently, only a small part of the volume is filled with fibers, for instance 5-10%, while, moreover, only part of those fibers extend in the desired direction of pulling, statistically speaking considerably less than 30% of the fibers.
- fibers extending in a direction which includes an angle with the direction of pulling will usually be more likely to reduce the tensile strength of the construc ⁇ tional element in the direction of pulling.
- the fibers can for instance be wire-shaped or cylindrical, 30 mm long with a section of 0.5 mm, or 75 mm long with a section of 1 mm, and are manufactured from steel, in particular mild steel, or tough plastic.
- the fibers are designed so that a proper adhesion to the filling material is realized, for instance through texture or through choice of material, or through the use of chemical components or like adhesion-enhancing means.
- Fig. 2 shows a formwork 3 for a shell-shaped building component filled with fibers 2 which extend in a number of layers one above the other in strands 4 crossing one another.
- the formwork 3 is filled with fibers and next with the hardening filling material. Because the fibers 2 exend string-shaped in crossing strands, the strength of the constructional member is increased considerably in a number of directions.
- various comparable manners of filling are of course possible, for instance strands of fibers which lie crosswise in more or fewer directions of orientation and the like, in each case depending on the expected load pattern of the constructional member.
- Figs. 3 and 3A show a first embodiment of a filling apparatus 10 suitable for use with a method according to the invention, for instance for manufacturing a constructional element as described hereinabove.
- the filling apparatus 10 comprises two substantially rectangular guide plates 11, which in the first position, shown in the drawing, are inclined relative to each other.
- the plates have a length and width which are considerably larger than the length of the fibers to be used.
- the plates 11 contact each other along the bottom edge 12, while the top longitudinal edges 13 of the plates 11 are spaced apart a distance B, which distance is preferably larger than the length of the fibers 2 to be used.
- the plates 11 have a relatively smooth surface.
- each plate 11 Adjacent the top longitudinal edge 13, each plate 11 comprises a supporting bracket 14, 15, mounted on the plate by a base part in such a manner that the legs 16, 17 of the supporting bracket 14, 15 extend next to the lateral sides 18 of the plates 11 and partly next to each other.
- the first supporting bracket 14 is O-shaped and has legs 16 of a length greater than the distance B between the top longitudinal edges 13
- the second supporting bracket 15 is A-shaped has legs 17 which have the same length as the legs of the first supporting bracket 14.
- Adjacent the base part of the first supporting bracket 14, the legs 16, 17 are pivotally interconnected via a pivot 19.
- a connecting part 20 Disposed at the end remote from the pivot 19 is a connecting part 20, between the legs 16 of the first supporting bracket 14 and above and paralllel to a connecting part 21 between the legs 17 of the second supporting bracket 15. Included between the two connecting parts 20, 21 is a resilient element 22 pressing the connecting parts 20, 21 apart, causing the plates 11 to be biased in the first position. Consequently, in the first position, the V-
- Fibers 2 discharged between the plates 11 from the top end ricochet between the smooth plates 11 until they extend, adjacent the bottom longitudinal edges 12, on the bottom of the V-shaped space V in the longitudinal direction of the plates.
- the longitudinal direction is understood to be parallel to the bottom longitudinal edges 12.
- the apparatus 10 is moved, by the bottom longitudinal edge thereof, against or at least very closely above the bottom of the formwork or a layer of fibers 2 which is already located on the bottom, while the longitu ⁇ dinal direction of the plates is held in a desired direction within the formwork, for instance in the longitudinal direction within the formwork according to Fig. 1.
- the connecting parts 20, 21 are moved towards one another, against the spring pressure, whereby the bottom longitudinal edges 12 are moved apart and the fibers can fall from between the plates 11 in the second, open position, through a slight height.
- This height is preferably less than the average length of the fibers, in particular less than the minimum length of the fibers, which prevents the orientation of the fibers from being yet adversely affected during falling.
- a typical height which should not be given a limitative interpretation, is between 0 and 20 mm.
- the filling apparatus can be moved away upwards and/or in the longitudinal direction of the fibers 2, after which the connecting parts 20, 21 can be released and the plates 11 are pressed back into the first position.
- the filling apparatus 10 is then suitable for a next load of fibers which can for instance be contiguously deposited onto the strand of fibers priorly disposed in the formwork, parallel thereto or, for instance, transversely thereto.
- Figs. 4 and 4A show a second embodiment of a filling apparatus according to the invention, which, at least as far as its construction is concerned, largely corresponds to the filling apparatus according to Figs. 3 and 3A. Identical parts have identical reference numerals.
- the plates 11 are not pivotally interconnected but can be pulled away upwards, each substantially parallel to its own plane.
- the plates 11, adjacent the top ends thereof are confined in a guiding apparatus 23, while between the plates a lifting apparatus 24 is provided whereby the plates 11 can be moved upwards.
- the guiding apparatus 23 each comprise, adjacent each lateral side 18 of each plate 11, four rollers 25, two rollers having their running surfaces against the relevant plate 11 within the space V, two rollers having their running surfaces against the side of the plate 11 that faces away from the space V.
- Adjacent each lateral side 18 of the plates 11, the lifing apparatus 24 comprises a yoke 26 having two transversely extending legs 27 which pass through holes 40 in the plates.
- each yoke 26 Extending over each yoke 26 is a cover part 28 which is fixedly connected to the adjacent guiding apparatus 23. Included between the yoke 26 and the cover part 28 are resilient means 29 which bias the yoke 26 in the bottom, first position shown in Figs. 4 and 4A, with the bottom longitudinal edges 12 of the plates 11 abutting against each other and the V-shaped space V being closed.
- this embodiment is suitable in particular for use with a formwork wherein a series of strands of fibers are to be arranged next 15 to or above one another, while the filling opening 12 can in each case be adjusted to the proper height.
- the apparatus as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 can be used both in stationary condition and in discrete movement steps for filling in particular relatively small formworks.
- a filling apparatus as shown in Figs. 5 and 5A is particularly suitable.
- the filling apparatus as shown in Figs. 5 and 5A comprises two substantially circular plates 111, inclined relative to each other. Each plate 111 is mounted on a central rotary shaft 130 extending at right angles to the plane of the relevant plate 111. The plates 111 contact each other at the bottom end 112, while the top ends are spaced apart a distance B. Hence, a V-shaped space V is again enclosed between the plates 111.
- the two rotary shafts 130 are interconnected by a pull bracket 131 extending along the front side 118 of the plates 111. From the pull bracket 131, a slide plate 132 extends between the plates 111 to a position adjacent the bottom end 112, i.e. to a position adjacent the point of contact of the two plates 111. Hence, the space V is at least to the front side closed off by the slide plate 132.
- the front side should be understood to be the side of the filling apparatus which, during use, leads in the direction of movement.
- the rotary shafts 130 can be connected to external drive means and the longitudinal edge of each plate 111 can be provided with a friction-enhancing running face.
- the filling apparatus as shown in Figs. 5 and 5A can be used as follows.
- the plates 111 are disposed on the bottom of the formwork or on fibers 2 located thereon, with the pull bracket 131 and the slide plate 132 at the front side.
- the filling apparatus is then pulled forwards across the bottom or the fibers, with the plates 11 acting as wheels and rotating in the pulling direction.
- fibers are charged between the plates 111 from the top.
- These fibers ricochet between the plates 111 and the slide plate 132 until they have adopted the desired direction and end up at the bottom of the space V between the plates 111. From there, via the open back side, the fibers 2 slide in the desired direction of orientation from the space V into the formwork, in the shape of a strand.
- a strand of fibers 2 can be deposited in a continuous movement onto the bottom of the formwork or onto fibers already located thereon.
- the filling apparatus can be moved through the formwork a number of times, while in each case a next fiber strand is positioned, but a number of such filling apparatus can also be placed next to or behind one another and moved simultaneously through the formwork. In that manner, a series of fiber strands can be placed simultaneously.
- each rotary shaft 130 can be coupled to a carrying wheel.
- Each carrying wheel is located on the side of the relevant plate that faces away from the space V, and is adjustable relative to the rotary shaft in height and/or distance to the plate.
- the carrying wheels can for instance find support on the edge of the formwork or on the ground, and be set so that the bottom end 112 of the plates 111 is located at a slight distance (for instance 0-20 mm) above the bottom of the formwork or above strands of fibers located thereon. This prevents the position of the fibers already present from being adversely affected by the rotating plates which are driven by the carrying wheels.
- a coupling mechanism is provided between the plates respectively rotary shafts and the carrying wheels, whereby the position of the plates relative to the fibers in the formwork is automatically adjusted, for instance through adjustment thereof after each pass through the formwork.
- a number of tubular or hose-shaped guide parts for instance flexible hoses whose diameter is for instance smaller than the length of the fibers used, are at their top ends connected to a fiber-feeding apparatus, for instance a funnel- shaped element. The bottom ends of the hoses can be moved along or through the formwork.
- Fibers thrown into the funnel can only pass the guide part if they lie in the longitudinal direction and consequently, during use, they are introduced into the formwork in a longitudinally oriented position only.
- An advantage of such an embodiment is that a relatively large number of discharge openings can be positioned close together at a relatively small width, enabling a formwork to be filled in a relatively small number of movements.
- Filling apparatus and methods according to the invention are suitable for individual as well as industrial use.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU56604/96A AU5660496A (en) | 1995-05-02 | 1996-05-02 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a reinforced construc tional element, and such constructional element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1000285A NL1000285C2 (nl) | 1995-05-02 | 1995-05-02 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor de vervaardiging van een gewapend constructie-element en een dergelijk constructiedeel. |
NL1000285 | 1995-05-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996034727A2 true WO1996034727A2 (en) | 1996-11-07 |
WO1996034727A3 WO1996034727A3 (en) | 1997-02-13 |
Family
ID=19760973
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NL1996/000191 WO1996034727A2 (en) | 1995-05-02 | 1996-05-02 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a reinforced constructional element, and such constructional element |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU5660496A (nl) |
NL (1) | NL1000285C2 (nl) |
WO (1) | WO1996034727A2 (nl) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020141119A1 (de) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-09 | Lippert Joerg | Verlegekassette für baustahl |
CN113265951A (zh) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-17 | 郑州大学 | 一种超高性能混凝土球铰的制作方法 |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR905006A (fr) * | 1944-06-06 | 1945-11-22 | élément de construction et procédé de fabrication | |
GB816285A (en) * | 1958-01-02 | 1959-07-08 | Hermann Gewecke | Manufacture of constructional materials from wood chips |
GB932927A (en) * | 1959-09-09 | 1963-07-31 | Abitibi Power & Paper Co | Oriented wood particle board and apparatus for producing same |
DE976840C (de) * | 1954-03-12 | 1964-06-04 | Max Himmelheber Dipl Ing | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufschuetten von mit Bindemitteln versetzten, in ihrerLage nach einer bestimmten Richtung auszurichtenden laenglichen Holzspaenen od. dgl.zur anschliessenden Herstellung von Holzspanplatten oder -formteilen |
FR2174750A1 (nl) * | 1972-03-09 | 1973-10-19 | Conflandey Forges Trefil | |
FR2467077A1 (fr) * | 1979-10-08 | 1981-04-17 | Scanovator Handel | Dispositif de coupe et de projection de fibres suivant une orientation stabilisee et procedes d'application de ce dispositif |
GB2146312A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1985-04-17 | Ekebro Ab | Apparatus for distributing short stiff loose metal fibres over a surface |
US5308572A (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1994-05-03 | Ribbon Technology Corporation | Method for manufacturing a reinforced cementitious structural member |
WO1994026634A1 (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-11-24 | Morgan Pat J P | Environmental enclosure structure and method of manufacture |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU833444A1 (ru) * | 1978-02-13 | 1981-05-30 | Латвийский Научно-Исследовательскийи Экспериментально-Технологическийинститут Строительства Госстроя Лат-Вийской Ccp | Способ изготовлени дисперсно-арми-РОВАННыХ издЕлий |
-
1995
- 1995-05-02 NL NL1000285A patent/NL1000285C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-05-02 AU AU56604/96A patent/AU5660496A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-05-02 WO PCT/NL1996/000191 patent/WO1996034727A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR905006A (fr) * | 1944-06-06 | 1945-11-22 | élément de construction et procédé de fabrication | |
DE976840C (de) * | 1954-03-12 | 1964-06-04 | Max Himmelheber Dipl Ing | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufschuetten von mit Bindemitteln versetzten, in ihrerLage nach einer bestimmten Richtung auszurichtenden laenglichen Holzspaenen od. dgl.zur anschliessenden Herstellung von Holzspanplatten oder -formteilen |
GB816285A (en) * | 1958-01-02 | 1959-07-08 | Hermann Gewecke | Manufacture of constructional materials from wood chips |
GB932927A (en) * | 1959-09-09 | 1963-07-31 | Abitibi Power & Paper Co | Oriented wood particle board and apparatus for producing same |
FR2174750A1 (nl) * | 1972-03-09 | 1973-10-19 | Conflandey Forges Trefil | |
FR2467077A1 (fr) * | 1979-10-08 | 1981-04-17 | Scanovator Handel | Dispositif de coupe et de projection de fibres suivant une orientation stabilisee et procedes d'application de ce dispositif |
GB2146312A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1985-04-17 | Ekebro Ab | Apparatus for distributing short stiff loose metal fibres over a surface |
US5308572A (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1994-05-03 | Ribbon Technology Corporation | Method for manufacturing a reinforced cementitious structural member |
WO1994026634A1 (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1994-11-24 | Morgan Pat J P | Environmental enclosure structure and method of manufacture |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED Week 8210 21 April 1982 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 19644 E XP002020771 & SU,A,833 444 (LATV GOSSTROI CONS) , 30 May 1981 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020141119A1 (de) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-09 | Lippert Joerg | Verlegekassette für baustahl |
CN113265951A (zh) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-17 | 郑州大学 | 一种超高性能混凝土球铰的制作方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1996034727A3 (en) | 1997-02-13 |
NL1000285C2 (nl) | 1996-11-06 |
AU5660496A (en) | 1996-11-21 |
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