WO1996006920A1 - Composition detergente pour petits travaux sous forme de microemulsion - Google Patents

Composition detergente pour petits travaux sous forme de microemulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996006920A1
WO1996006920A1 PCT/US1995/010126 US9510126W WO9606920A1 WO 1996006920 A1 WO1996006920 A1 WO 1996006920A1 US 9510126 W US9510126 W US 9510126W WO 9606920 A1 WO9606920 A1 WO 9606920A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alkyl
cleaning composition
ether
sulfonate
glycol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/010126
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Barbara Thomas
Ammanuel Mehreteab
Gilbert Gomes
Frank Bala, Jr.
Jiashi Tarng
Original Assignee
Colgate-Palmolive Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Colgate-Palmolive Company filed Critical Colgate-Palmolive Company
Priority to AU32419/95A priority Critical patent/AU3241995A/en
Priority to DE69507960T priority patent/DE69507960D1/de
Priority to EP95928799A priority patent/EP0781324B1/fr
Publication of WO1996006920A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996006920A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/0017—Multi-phase liquid compositions
    • C11D17/0021—Aqueous microemulsions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/523—Carboxylic alkylolamides, or dialkylolamides, or hydroxycarboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain one hydroxy group per alkyl group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved light duty liquid cleaner in the form of a microemulsion designed in particular for cleaning hard surfaces and which is effective in 5 removing grease soil and/or kitchen soil and in leaving unrinsed surfaces with a shiny appearance.
  • liquid detergents have become widely accepted for cleaning hard surfaces, e.g., painted woodwork and panels, tiled walls, wash bowls, bathtubs,
  • Such liquids comprise clear and opaque aqueous mixtures of water-soluble synthetic organic detergents and water- soluble detergent builder salts.
  • water-soluble inorganic phosphate builder salts was favored in the prior art all-purpose liquids. For example,
  • an o/w microemulsion is a spontaneously forming colloidal dispersion of "oil” phase particles having a particle size in the range of about 25 to about 800 A in a continuous aqueous phase.
  • microemulsions are transparent to light and are clear and usually highly stable against phase separation.
  • Patent disclosures relating to use of grease-removal solvents in o/w microemulsions include, for example, European Patent Applications EP 0137615 and EP 0137616 - Herbots et al; European Patent Application EP 0160762 - Johnston et al; and U.S. Patent No. 4,561 ,991 - Herbots et al. Each of these patent disclosures also teaches using at least 5% by weight of grease-removal solvent.
  • compositions of this invention described by Herbots et al. require at least 5% of the mixture of grease-removal solvent and magnesium salt and preferably at least 5% of solvent (which may be a mixture of water-immiscible non-polar solvent with a sparingly soluble slightly polar solvent) and at least 0.1% magnesium salt.
  • Liquid detergent compositions which include terpenes, such as d-limonene, or other grease-removal solvent, although not disclosed to be in the form of o/w microemulsions, are the subject matter of the following representative patent documents: European Patent Application 0080749; British Patent Specification 1 ,603,047; 4,414,128; and 4,540,505.
  • European Patent Application 0080749 European Patent Application 0080749
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,414,128 broadly discloses an aqueous liquid detergent composition characterized by, by weight:
  • ingredients present in the formulations disclosed in this patent include from about 0.05% to about 2% by weight of an alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium soap of a C13-C24 fatty acid; a calcium sequestrant from about .5% to about 13% by weight; non-aqueous solvent, e.g., alcohols and glycol ethers, up to about 10% by weight; and hydrotropes, e.g., urea, ethanolamines, salts of lower alkylaryl sulfonates, up to about 10% by weight. All of the formulations shown in the Examples of this patent include relatively large amounts of detergent builder salts which are detrimental to surface shine.
  • the present inventors have observed that in formulations containing grease-removal assisting magnesium compounds, the addition of minor amounts of builder salts, such as alkali metal polyphosphates, alkali metal carbonates, nitrilotriacetic acid salts, and so on, tends to make it more difficult to form stable microemulsion systems.
  • builder salts such as alkali metal polyphosphates, alkali metal carbonates, nitrilotriacetic acid salts, and so on, tends to make it more difficult to form stable microemulsion systems.
  • the present invention provides an improved, clear light duty liquid cleaning composition having improved interfacial tension which improves cleaning hard surface in the form of a microemulsion which is suitable for cleaning hard surfaces such as dishes, plastic, vitreous and metal surfaces having a shiny finish.
  • the light duty liquid microemulsion compositions of the instant invention can be generally described as comprising approximately by weight:
  • the balance being water, wherein the composition has a Brookfield viscosity at 25°C at 3 rpms using a #18 spindle spindle of about 20 to 500 cps, more preferably about 100 to 450 cps, a pH of about 5 to about 7, and a light transmission of at least about 95%, more preferably at least about 98%.
  • the present invention relates to a stable microemulsion composition approximately by weight: about 0% to about 10% of an alkyl polyglucoside surfactant, 15% to 36% of a sulfonate anionic surfactant, 1 % to 20% of an alkyl ether polyethenoxysulfate surfactant.
  • composition having a light transmission of at least about 95%, more preferably at least about 98%.
  • the role of the hydrocarbon is provided by a water insoluble perfume.
  • a solubilizers such as alkali metal lower alkyl aryl sulfonate hydrotrope, triethanolamine, urea, etc.
  • perfume dissolution especially at perfume levels of about 1 % and higher, since perfumes are generally a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aromatic compounds which are generally not water-soluble. Therefore, by incorporating the perfume into the aqueous cleaning composition as the oil (hydrocarbon) phase of the ultimate o/w microemulsion composition, several different important advantages are achieved.
  • the cosmetic properties of the ultimate cleaning composition are improved: the compositions are both clear (as a consequence of the formation of a microemulsion) and highly fragranced (as a consequence of the perfume level).
  • perfume is used in its ordinary sense to refer to and include any water insoluble fragrant substance or mixture of substances including natural (i.e., obtained by extraction of flower, herb, blossom or plant), artificial (i.e., mixture of natural oils or oil constituents and synthetically produced substance) odoriferous substances.
  • natural i.e., obtained by extraction of flower, herb, blossom or plant
  • artificial i.e., mixture of natural oils or oil constituents and synthetically produced substance
  • perfumes are complex mixtures of blends of various organic compounds such as alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, aromatic compounds and varying amounts of essential oils (e.g., terpenes) such as from about 0% to about 80%, usually from about 10% to 70% by weight, the essential oils themselves being volatile odoriferous compounds and also serving to dissolve the other components of the perfume.
  • the precise composition of the perfume is of no particular consequence to cleaning performance so long as it meets the criteria of water immiscibility and having a pleasing odor.
  • the perfume, as well as all other ingredients should be cosmetically acceptable, i.e., non-toxic, hypoallergenic, etc.
  • the hydrocarbon such as a perfume is present in the dilute o/w microemulsion in an amount of from about 0.4% to about 10% by weight, preferably from about 1.0% to about 8.0% by weight, especially preferably from about 2% to about 7% by weight. If the amount of hydrocarbon (perfume) is less than about 0.4% by weight it becomes difficult to form the o/w microemulsion. If the hydrocarbon (perfume) is added in amounts more than about 10% by weight, the cost is increased without any additional cleaning benefit and, in fact, with some diminishing of cleaning performance insofar as the total amount of greasy or oily soil which can be taken up in the oil phase of the microemulsion will decrease proportionately.
  • the dilute o/w microemulsion detergent cleaning compositions of the present invention may often include as much as about 0.2% to about 7% by weight, based on the total composition, of terpene solvents introduced thereunto via the perfume component.
  • the amount of terpene solvent in the cleaning formulation is less than 1.5% by weight, such as up to about 0.6% by weight or 0.4% by weight or less, satisfactory grease removal and oil removal capacity is provided by the inventive diluted o/w microemulsions.
  • an essential oil such as D-limonene or alpha-terpineol, a water insoluble paraffin or isoparaffin having about 6 to about 18 carbon at a concentration of about 0.4 to about 10.0 wt. percent, more preferably 2.0 to 7.0 wt. %.
  • Suitable water-soluble non-soap, anionic detergents include those surface-active or detergent compounds which contain an organic hydrophobic group containing generally 8 to 26 carbon atoms and preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms in their molecular structure and at least one water-solubilizing group selected from the group of sulfonate, sulfate and carboxylate so as to form a water-soluble detergent.
  • the hydrophobic group will include or comprise a C8-C22 alkyl, alkylaryl or acyl group.
  • Such detergents are employed in the form of magnesium salts.
  • Suitable sulfonated anionic detergents are the well known higher alkyl mononuclear aromatic sulfonates such as the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates containing from 10 to 16 carbon atoms in the higher alkyl group in a straight or branched chain, C8-C15 alkyl toluene sulfonates and Cs-C 15 alkyl phenol sulfonates.
  • a preferred sulfonate is linear alkyl benzene sulfonate having a high content of 3-
  • Suitable anionic sulfonate detergents are the paraffin sulfonates containing about 10 to 20, preferably about 13 to 17, carbon atoms.
  • Primary paraffin sulfonates are made by reacting long-chain alpha olefins and bisulfites and paraffin sulfonates having the sulfonate group distributed along the paraffin chain are shown in U.S. Patents Nos. 2,503,280; 2,507,088; 3,260,744; 3,372,188; and German Patent 735,096.
  • the proportion of the nonsoap-anionic sulfonate detergent will be in the range of 15% to 36%, preferably from 18% to 34%, by weight of the dilute o/w microemulsion composition.
  • Examples of satisfactory anionic sulfate detergents are the C ⁇ -Ci 8 alkyl ether polyethenoxy sulfate salts having the formula R(OC2H4) n OSO3M wherein n is 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 5, and M is a solubilizing cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cations such as sodium or potassium, alkaline earth metal cations such as magnesium, ammonium, and mono-, di- and triethanol ammonium ions, wherein sodium, potassium and ammonium are preferred.
  • the alkyl ether polyethenoxy sulfates are obtained by sulfating the condensation product of ethylene oxide with a C8-C18 alkanol and neutralizing the resultant product.
  • alkyl ether polyethenoxy sulfates differ from one another in the number of moles of ethylene oxide reacted with one mole of alkanol.
  • Preferred alkyl ether polyethenoxy sulfates contain 10 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
  • the C8-C 2 alkylphenyl ether polyethenoxy sulfates containing from 2 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide in the molecule also are suitable for use in the inventive compositions.
  • These detergents can be prepared by reacting an alkyl phenol with 2 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide and sulfating and neutralizing the resultant ethoxylated alkylphenol.
  • the preferred detergents are the C9-C15 linear alkylbenzene sulfonates and the C13-C17 paraffin or alkane sulfonates.
  • preferred compounds are magnesium C10-C13 alkylbenzene sulfonate and magnesium C13-C17 alkane sulfonate.
  • the proportion of the nonsoap-anionic alkyl ether polyethenoxy sulfate detergent will be in range 1 % to 20%, preferably 2% to 18% by weight of the dilute o/w microemulsion composition, wherein the ratio of paraffin sulfonate to the alkyl ether polyethenoxy sulfate is about 8:1 to about 1 :8, more preferably about 7:1 to about 1 :2.
  • the cosurfactant may play an essential role in the formation of the microemulsion compositions.
  • the water, detergent(s) and hydrocarbon e.g., perfume
  • the cosurfactant added to this system, the interfacial tension at the interface between the emulsion droplets and aqueous phase is reduced to a very low value. This reduction of the interfacial tension results in spontaneous break-up of the emulsion droplets to consecutively smaller aggregates until the state of a transparent colloidal sized emulsion, e.g., a microemulsion, is formed.
  • thermodynamic factors come into balance with varying degrees of stability related to the total free energy of the microemulsion.
  • Some of the thermodynamic factors involved in determining the total free energy of the system are (1) particle-particle potential; (2) interfacial tension or free energy (stretching and bending); (3) droplet dispersion entropy; and (4) chemical potential changes upon formation.
  • a thermodynamically stable system is achieved when (2) interfacial tension or free energy is minimized and (3) droplet dispersion entropy is maximized.
  • the role of cosurfactant in formation of a stable o/w microemulsion is to (a) decrease interfacial tension (2); and (b) modify the microemulsion structure and increase the number of possible configurations (3).
  • the cosurfactant will (c) decrease the rigidity.
  • an increase in cosurfactant concentration results in a wider temperature range of the stability of the product.
  • the highly suitable cosurfactants of the instant composition over temperature ranges extending from 4°C to 43°C are water-soluble C2-C4 alkanols, polypropylene glycol of the formula HO(CH3CHCH2 ⁇ )nH wherein n is a number from 1 to 18 and monoalkyl ethers and esters of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol having the structural formulas R(X) n OH and R ⁇ (X) n OH wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl, R1 is C2-C4 acyl group, X is (OCH2CH2) or (OCH2CHCH3) and n is a number from 1 to 4.
  • Representative members of the polypropylene glycol include dipropylene glycol and polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 200 to 1000, e.g., polypropylene glycol 400.
  • Other satisfactory glycol ethers are ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl cellosolve), diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl carbitol), triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, mono, di, tri propylene glycol monobutyl ether, tetraethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol tertiary butyl ether, ethylene glycol monoacetate and dipropylene glycol propionate.
  • glycol ether compounds While all of the aforementioned glycol ether compounds provide the described stability, the most preferred cosurfactant compounds of each type, on the basis of cost and cosmetic appearance (particularly odor), are glycerol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether and propylene glycol. Less preferred cosurfactants are ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol and alkanols having 5 to 7 carbon atoms.
  • the amount of cosurfactant required to stabilize the microemulsion compositions will, of course, depend on such factors as the surface tension characteristics of the cosurfactant, the type and amounts of the primary surfactants and perfumes, and the type and amounts of any other additional ingredients which may be present in the composition and which have an influence on the thermodynamic factors enumerated above.
  • amounts of cosurfactant in the range of from 1% to 25%, preferably from about 1% to 15%, especially preferably from about 2% to 8%, by weight provide stable dilute o/w microemulsions for the above-described levels of primary surfactants and perfume and any other additional ingredients as described below.
  • the essential ingredients discussed above can be solubilized in one prefered embodiment of the invention in water and either an alkyl monoethanol amide such as C-
  • the instant formulas can contain both alkyl monoethanol amide and alkyl diethanol amide.
  • the solubilizing ingredient can also include 0 to 5 wt.
  • % preferably 0.1 wt. % to 3 wt. % of at least one water soluble salt of a C1-C3 substituted benzene sulfonate hydrotrope such as sodium xylene sulfonate or sodium cumene sulfonate or a mixture of said sulfonates.
  • Inorganic alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts such as sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium citrate can be added to the microemulsion at concentrations of 0.5 to 4.0 wt.%.
  • Other ingredients which have been added to the compositions at concentrations of about 0.1 to 4.0 wt. percent are perfumes, preservatives, color stabilizers, sodium bisulfite, ETDA, HETDA and proteins such as lexine protein.
  • various coloring agents and perfumes sequestering agents such as ethylene diamine tetraacetates; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate; pearlescing agents and opacifiers; pH modifiers; etc.
  • the proportion of such adjuvant materials, in total will normally not exceed 15% of weight of the detergent composition, and the percentages of most of such individual components will be about 0.1 to 5% by weight and preferably less than about 2% by weight.
  • Sodium bisulfite can be used as a color stabilizer at a concentration of about 0.01 to 0.2 wt.%.
  • Typical perservatives are dibromodicyano-butane, citric acid, benzylic alcohol and poly (hexamethylene-biguamide) hydrochloride and mixtures thereof.
  • the instant compositions can contain about 0 to about 10 wt. %, more preferably
  • alkyl polysaccharides surfactants which are used in conjunction with the aforementioned surfactant have a hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, most preferably from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms, and polysaccharide hydrophilic group containing from about 1.5 to about 10, preferably from about 1.5 to about 4, most preferably from about 1.6 to about 2.7 saccharide units (e.g., galactoside, glucoside, fructoside, glucosyl, fructosyl; and/or galactosyl units).
  • hydrophobic group containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, most preferably from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms
  • polysaccharide hydrophilic group containing from about 1.5 to about 10, preferably from about 1.5 to about 4, most preferably from about 1.6 to about 2.7 saccharide units (e.g., galactoside, glu
  • the number x indicates the number of saccharide units in a particular alkyl polysaccharide surfactant.
  • x can only assume integral values.
  • the physical sample can be characterized by the average value of x and this average value can assume non-integral values. In this specification the values of x are to be understood to be average values.
  • the hydrophobic group (R) can be attached at the 2-, 3-, or 4- positions rather than at the 1 -position, (thus giving e.g.
  • glucosyl or galactosyl as opposed to a glucoside or galactoside).
  • attachment through the 1- position i.e., glucosides, galactoside, fructosides, etc.
  • additional saccharide units are predominately attached to the previous saccharide unit's 2-position. Attachment through the 3-, 4-, and 6- positions can also occur.
  • the preferred alkoxide moiety is ethoxide.
  • Typical hydrophobic groups include alkyl groups, either saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched containing from about 8 to about 20, preferably from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms.
  • the alkyl group is a straight chain saturated alkyl group.
  • the alkyl group can contain up to 3 hydroxy groups and/or the polyalkoxide chain can contain up to about 30, preferably less than about 10, alkoxide moieties.
  • Suitable alkyl polysaccharides are decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexaglucosides, galactosides, lactosides, fructosides, fructosyls, lactosyls, glucosyls and/or galactosyls and mixtures thereof.
  • the alkyl monosaccharides are relatively less soluble in water than the higher alkyl polysaccharides. When used in admixture with alkyl polysaccharides, the alkyl monosaccharides are solubilized to some extent.
  • the use of alkyl monosaccharides in admixture with alkyl polysaccharides is a preferred mode of carrying out the invention. Suitable mixtures include coconut alkyl, di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentaglucosides and tallow alkyl tetra-, penta-, and hexaglucosides.
  • the preferred alkyl polysaccharides are alkyl polyglucosides having the formula wherein Z is derived from glucose, R is a hydrophobic group selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which said alkyl groups contain from about 10 to about 18, preferably from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3 preferably 2, r is from 0 to 10, preferable 0; and x is from 1.5 to 8, preferably from 1.5 to 4, most preferably from 1.6 to 2.7.
  • ROH long chain alcohol
  • a short chain alcohol C1-6
  • ROH longer chain alcohol
  • the short chain alkylglucosde content of the final alkyl polyglucoside material should be less than 50%, preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than about 5%, most preferably 0% of the alkyl polyglucoside.
  • the amount of unreacted alcohol (the free fatty alcohol content) in the desired alkyl polysaccharide surfactant is preferably less than about 2%, more preferably less than about 0.5% by weight of the total of the alkyl polysaccharide. For some uses it is desirable to have the alkyl monosaccharide content less than about 10%.
  • alkyl polysaccharide surfactant is intended to represent both the preferred glucose and galactose derived surfactants and the less preferred alkyl polysaccharide surfactants.
  • alkyl polyglucoside is used to include alkyl polyglycosides because the stereochemistry of the saccharide moiety is changed during the preparation reaction.
  • APG glycoside surfactant is APG 625 glycoside manufactured by the Henkel Corporation of Ambler, PA.
  • APG25 is a nonionic alkyl polyglycoside characterized by the formula:
  • APG 625 has: a pH of 6 to 10 (10% of APG 625 in distilled water); a specific gravity at 25°C of 1.1 g/ml; a density at 25°C of 9.1 lbs/gallon; a calculated HLB of 12.1 and a Brookfield viscosity at 35°C, 21 spindle, 5-10 RPM of 3,000 to 7,000 cps.
  • the final essential ingredient in the inventive light duty liquid microemulsion compositions having improved interfacial tension properties is water.
  • the proportion of water in the microemulsion compositions generally is in the range of 20% to 97%, preferably 70% to 97% by weight of the usual diluted o/w microemulsion composition.
  • the light duty liquid microemulsion compositions of this invention are especially effective when used as is, that is, without further dilution in water, since the properties of the composition as a microemulsion are best manifested in the neat (undiluted) form.
  • the presence of magnesium ions or other polyvalent ions, e.g., aluminum, as will be described in greater detail below further serves to boost cleaning performance of the primary detergents in dilute usage.
  • the compositions of this invention may possibly contain one or more additional ingredients which serve to improve overall product performance.
  • One such ingredient is an inorganic or organic salt or oxide of a multivalent metal cation, particularly Mg ++ .
  • the metal salt or oxide provides several benefits including improved cleaning performance in dilute usage, particularly in soft water areas, and minimized amounts of perfume required to obtain the microemulsion state.
  • magnesium salt either anhydrous or hydrated (e.g., heptahydrate), is especially preferred as the magnesium salt. Good results also have been obtained with magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, magnesium acetate, magnesium propionate and magnesium hydroxide. These magnesium salts can be used with formulations at neutral or acidic pH since magnesium hydroxide will not precipitate at these pH levels. Although magnesium is the preferred multivalent metal from which the salts
  • polyvalent metal ions include aluminum, copper, nickel, iron, calcium, etc. can be employed. It should be noted, for example, that with the preferred sulfonate anionic detergent calcium salts will precipitate and should not be used.
  • the aluminum salts work best at pH below 5 or when a low level, for example about 1 weight percent, of citric acid is added to the composition which is designed to have a neutral pH.
  • the aluminum salt can be directly added as the citrate in such case.
  • the same general classes of anions as mentioned for the magnesium salts can be used, such as halide (e.g., bromide, chloride), sulfate, nitrate, hydroxide, oxide, acetate, propionate, etc.
  • the metal compound is added to the composition in an amount sufficient to provide at least a stoichiometric equivalent between the anionic surfactant and the multivalent metal cation.
  • the proportion of the multivalent salt generally will be selected so that one equivalent of compound will neutralize from 0.1 to 1.5 equivalents, preferably 0.9 to 1.4 equivalents, of the acid form of the anionic detergent.
  • the amount of multivalent salt will be in range of 0.5 to 1 equivalents per equivalent of anionic detergent.
  • the concentration of the magnesium sulfate is 0 to 4%, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight.
  • the light duty liquid microemulsion composition of this invention may, if desired, also contain other components either to provide additional effect or to make the product more attractive to the consumer.
  • Colors or dyes in amounts up to 0.5% by weight; bactericides in amounts up to 1% by weight; preservatives or antioxidizing agents, such as formalin, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4- isothaliazolin-3-one, 2,6-di-tert.butyl-p-cresol, etc., in amounts up to 2% by weight; and pH adjusting agents, such as sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide, as needed.
  • compositions as prepared are aqueous liquid formulations and since no particular mixing is required to form the o/w microemulsion, the compositions are easily prepared simply by combining all the ingredients in a suitable vessel or container.
  • the order of mixing the ingredients is not particularly important and generally the various ingredients can be added sequentially or all at once or in the form of aqueous solutions of each or all of the primary detergents and cosurfactants can be separately prepared and combined with each other and with the perfume.
  • the magnesium salt, or other multivalent metal compound when present, can be added as an aqueous solution thereof or can be added directly. It is not necessary to use elevated temperatures in the formation step and room temperature is sufficient.
  • Example 1 illustrate liquid cleaning compositions of the described invention. Unless otherwise specified, all percentages are by weight. The exemplified compositions are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the invention. Example 1
  • compositions in wt. % were prepared by the previously described process:
  • the described invention broadly relates to an improvement in a light duty liquid microemulsion composition containing a mixture of a paraffin sulfonate surfactant and an alkyl polyethenoxy ether sulfate surfactant, a biodegradable surfactant, one of the specified cosurfactants, a hydrocarbon ingredient and water to form a light duty liquid microemulsion composition.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Composition détergente pour petits travaux sous forme de microémulsion consistant en un mélange d'un sel de magnésium ou d'un tensioactif de sulfonate, d'un alkyle, d'un tensioactif biodégradable, d'un co-tensioactif, d'un parfum ou d'un hydrocarbure insoluble dans l'eau et d'eau.
PCT/US1995/010126 1994-08-26 1995-08-08 Composition detergente pour petits travaux sous forme de microemulsion WO1996006920A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU32419/95A AU3241995A (en) 1994-08-26 1995-08-08 Microemulsion light duty liquid cleaning compositions
DE69507960T DE69507960D1 (de) 1994-08-26 1995-08-08 Milde flüssige reinigungszusammensetzungen in form einer mikroemulsion
EP95928799A EP0781324B1 (fr) 1994-08-26 1995-08-08 Composition detergente pour petits travaux sous forme de microemulsion

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29638694A 1994-08-26 1994-08-26
US08/296,386 1994-08-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996006920A1 true WO1996006920A1 (fr) 1996-03-07

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/US1995/010126 WO1996006920A1 (fr) 1994-08-26 1995-08-08 Composition detergente pour petits travaux sous forme de microemulsion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0781324B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3241995A (fr)
DE (1) DE69507960D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996006920A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA956932B (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997034973A1 (fr) * 1996-03-21 1997-09-25 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions detergentes liquides pour travaux legers
WO1997035947A1 (fr) * 1996-03-25 1997-10-02 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions nettoyantes liquides a usage modere
WO1997038072A1 (fr) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-16 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions liquides detergentes pour lavages delicats
WO1997038070A1 (fr) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-16 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions liquides pour travaux courants
WO1997038073A1 (fr) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-16 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions liquides de nettoyage destinees a un usage non intensif
WO1998005744A2 (fr) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions nettoyantes liquides pour travaux legers
WO1998046721A1 (fr) * 1997-04-17 1998-10-22 Colgate-Palmolive Company Produits liquides de nettoyage a microemulsion pour travaux legers
WO1999003968A1 (fr) * 1997-07-17 1999-01-28 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions de nettoyage doux liquides et en microemulsions
WO1999006508A1 (fr) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-11 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions detergentes liquides pour lavages delicats
WO1999035237A1 (fr) * 1998-01-08 1999-07-15 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions de nettoyage a microemulsion
WO2009029046A1 (fr) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-05 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Microémulsions d'agent tensio-actif à base de sucre contenant des huiles essentielles pour une utilisation cosmétique et pharmaceutique
US10994299B2 (en) 2018-08-17 2021-05-04 Arrival Limited Two-component adhesive dispenser with mixing unit replacement system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0070074A2 (fr) * 1981-07-13 1983-01-19 THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY Compositions moussantes contenant des agents tensio-actifs
GB2144763A (en) * 1983-08-11 1985-03-13 Procter & Gamble Liquid detergent compositions with magnesium salts
EP0316726A2 (fr) * 1987-11-12 1989-05-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Composition de nettoyage stable sous forme de microémulsion
US4919839A (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-04-24 Colgate Palmolive Co. Light duty microemulsion liquid detergent composition containing an aniocic/cationic complex
EP0638634A2 (fr) * 1993-07-14 1995-02-15 Colgate-Palmolive Company Composition détergente sous forme de microémulsion stable

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0070074A2 (fr) * 1981-07-13 1983-01-19 THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY Compositions moussantes contenant des agents tensio-actifs
GB2144763A (en) * 1983-08-11 1985-03-13 Procter & Gamble Liquid detergent compositions with magnesium salts
EP0316726A2 (fr) * 1987-11-12 1989-05-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Composition de nettoyage stable sous forme de microémulsion
US4919839A (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-04-24 Colgate Palmolive Co. Light duty microemulsion liquid detergent composition containing an aniocic/cationic complex
EP0638634A2 (fr) * 1993-07-14 1995-02-15 Colgate-Palmolive Company Composition détergente sous forme de microémulsion stable

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997034973A1 (fr) * 1996-03-21 1997-09-25 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions detergentes liquides pour travaux legers
WO1997035947A1 (fr) * 1996-03-25 1997-10-02 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions nettoyantes liquides a usage modere
AU719890B2 (en) * 1996-04-08 2000-05-18 Colgate-Palmolive Company, The Light duty liquid cleaning compositions
WO1997038072A1 (fr) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-16 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions liquides detergentes pour lavages delicats
WO1997038070A1 (fr) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-16 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions liquides pour travaux courants
WO1997038073A1 (fr) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-16 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions liquides de nettoyage destinees a un usage non intensif
WO1998005744A2 (fr) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions nettoyantes liquides pour travaux legers
WO1998005744A3 (fr) * 1996-08-07 1998-06-25 Colgate Palmolive Co Compositions nettoyantes liquides pour travaux legers
WO1998046721A1 (fr) * 1997-04-17 1998-10-22 Colgate-Palmolive Company Produits liquides de nettoyage a microemulsion pour travaux legers
WO1999003968A1 (fr) * 1997-07-17 1999-01-28 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions de nettoyage doux liquides et en microemulsions
WO1999006508A1 (fr) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-11 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions detergentes liquides pour lavages delicats
WO1999035237A1 (fr) * 1998-01-08 1999-07-15 Colgate-Palmolive Company Compositions de nettoyage a microemulsion
WO2009029046A1 (fr) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-05 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Microémulsions d'agent tensio-actif à base de sucre contenant des huiles essentielles pour une utilisation cosmétique et pharmaceutique
JP2010537977A (ja) * 2007-08-29 2010-12-09 エージェンシー フォー サイエンス，テクノロジー アンド リサーチ 化粧品及び医薬品使用のための精油を含有する糖系界面活性剤マイクロエマルジョン
US10980888B2 (en) 2007-08-29 2021-04-20 Agency For Science, Technology And Research Sugar-based surfactant microemulsions containing essential oils for cosmetic and pharmaceutical use
US10994299B2 (en) 2018-08-17 2021-05-04 Arrival Limited Two-component adhesive dispenser with mixing unit replacement system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3241995A (en) 1996-03-22
ZA956932B (en) 1997-02-18
EP0781324B1 (fr) 1999-02-24
EP0781324A1 (fr) 1997-07-02
DE69507960D1 (de) 1999-04-01

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