WO1995034933A1 - Anordnung zur umschaltung zwischen zwei spannungsquellen - Google Patents
Anordnung zur umschaltung zwischen zwei spannungsquellen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995034933A1 WO1995034933A1 PCT/AT1995/000117 AT9500117W WO9534933A1 WO 1995034933 A1 WO1995034933 A1 WO 1995034933A1 AT 9500117 W AT9500117 W AT 9500117W WO 9534933 A1 WO9534933 A1 WO 9534933A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- electronic switch
- external
- switch
- circuit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for switching between two voltage sources for an electronic device.
- the object of the invention is to provide an arrangement which, as long as the voltage at the active source is lower than the voltage at the other source, automatically switches over to the other source without a drop in voltage.
- a changeover switch is arranged between the electronic device and the voltage sources, the root connection of which is connected to the electronic device, preferably a plug-in card in a personal computer, and the two other connections to the voltage sources.
- a DC voltage source arranged in the electronic device and the other an external DC voltage source for example a power supply unit, is connected, and that between the root connection and the external DC voltage source the load current path of a first electronic switch, preferably a field-effect transistor, is switched, and that a Schmitt trigger is is seen, whose two inputs are each connected to a DC voltage source, and the output is connected to the control input of a second electronic switch, which is connected with a connection on the one hand to a control input of the switch and on the other hand via an edge-controlled delay circuit to the control input of the first electronic switch is, and the second connection is connected via a diode to the voltage sources, and that the external DC voltage source outputs an output voltage failure signal that controls the second electronic switch.
- a first electronic switch preferably a field-effect transistor
- the switchover between the two DC voltage sources is smooth. This means that there is no voltage drop on the supply. This would, on the one hand, impair the function of the electronic device or the plug-in card and, on the other hand, would initiate a reset process on an existing voltage monitor, this being equivalent to switching off the voltage supply.
- the basic signal for the switchover is the output signal of the Schmitt trigger, which compares the supply of the personal computer and the external supply and normally switches over to the higher voltage.
- the hysteresis of the Schmitt trigger firstly prevents a constant switching back and forth in the event of fluctuations in the supply voltages, and secondly also compensates for any small voltage swings between the loaded and unloaded direct voltage source.
- the arrangement according to the invention is primarily intended for switching the voltage supply of a PC plug-in card from the PC supply to an external supply, so that this print can continue to run even when the personal computer (PC) is switched off.
- the changeover switch is a relay or the like with a minimal voltage drop. If a relay is used, the contact of which is arranged in the load circuit, ie between the DC voltage source and the electronic device, the arrangement is very fail-safe and, in addition, the number of switching operations is very high in relation to the service life.
- the first electronic switch consists of two power field-effect transistors connected in series and each having a bulk diode. Through this switching of the special FETs, when the internal DC voltage source is switched on and the external DC voltage source is switched off but connected, external feedback is avoided.
- an overvoltage protection circuit is provided for the external DC voltage source, which is connected on the output side to the control input of the second and a third electronic switch which is connected between the external DC voltage source and the input of a circuit which supplies the supply voltage for the edge-controlled Delay circuit generated, is arranged, and that a monitoring circuit for this supply voltage is connected to the output of the circuit generating the supply voltage, which is also connected on the output side to the control input of the second electronic switch.
- This provides a simple protective function for the arrangement and the electronic circuit connected to it. Switching to external voltages that are too high is avoided.
- the circuit which generates the supply voltage for the edge-controlled delay circuit is also protected here.
- the monitoring circuit ensures that the supply voltage for the edge-controlled delay circuit always has the value which ensures the minimum voltage drop at the switched-through FET.
- a further embodiment can be seen in the fact that the circuit which generates the supply voltage for the edge-controlled delay circuit is a switching regulator, a charge pump or the like.
- the edge-controlled delay circuit consists of a transistor or field-effect transistor, at the base or gate of which there is an input resistor, to which a diode is arranged in parallel, the anode at the base or gate, and a capacitor is connected to zero potential, and the emitter or source is connected to zero potential and the collector or drain is or are connected to the control input (s) of the first electronic switch (s) and antiparallel to the collector-emitter - or drain-source path, a diode, preferably voltage stabilizing diode, is arranged.
- This structure of the delay circuit ensures that when switching from the internal to the external DC voltage source, the two FETs are immediately brought into the conductive state and when switching back from the external to the internal, the FETs are kept in the conductive state by the RC combination be held until the relay has safely reached the rest position with the internal DC voltage source while the external supply voltage is still valid.
- FIG. 1 shows the arrangement according to the invention as a block diagram
- FIG. 2 the circuit of the switchover part, which is outlined in dashed lines in FIG. 1, is shown and
- FIG. 3 shows voltage signals at various points in the circuit and in each case The corresponding positional status of the relay contact can be found in both switching processes.
- a changeover switch 4 which is a relay with a minimal voltage drop, is arranged between the electronic device 1 and the voltage sources 2, 3.
- the root connection 5 of this switch 4 is connected to the electronic device 1, which is a plug-in card 1 in a personal computer.
- the two other connections 6, 7 are connected to the voltage sources 2, 3, one of which is the internal direct voltage source 2 arranged in the electronic device 1 and the other an external direct voltage source 3.
- Both DC voltage sources 2, 3 can be power supplies.
- the load current path of an electronic switch 8, which is a field effect transistor, is connected between the root connection 5 and the external DC voltage source 3.
- a Schmitt trigger 9 is provided, the inputs 10, 11 of which each have a DC voltage Source 2, 3 are connected, and the output 12 is connected to the control input 24 of a further electronic switch 13.
- This switch 13 is connected with a connection on the one hand to a control input 14 of the changeover switch 4 and on the other hand to the control input 16 of the first electronic switch 8 via an edge-controlled delay circuit 15.
- the second connection of this switch 13 is connected via a diode 39, 40 to the voltage sources 2, 3.
- the external DC voltage source 3 emits a voltage failure signal at an output 17, which also controls the second electronic switch 13 via the control input 24.
- An overvoltage protection circuit 23 is provided for the external DC voltage source 3, which is connected on the output side to the control input 24 of the electronic switch 13 at the output of the Schmitt trigger and to the control input 25 of an electronic switch 26 which is connected between the external DC voltage source 3 and the Arranged input of a circuit 27 which generates the supply voltage for the edge-controlled delay circuit 15.
- a monitoring circuit 29 is connected to the output 28 of the circuit 27 and is also connected on the output side to the control input 24 of the electronic switch 13.
- Circuit 27 may be a switching regulator or a charge pump. The direction of the control signals for the electronic switches is also indicated by arrows.
- the connections labeled 2 are connected to the internal DC voltage source 2 and those labeled 3 are connected to the external DC voltage source 3.
- the voltage supply of the arrangement takes place either from the internal 2 or the external voltage source 3, for which purpose these are brought together via the diodes 39, 40.
- two parallel capacitors 41, 42 connected to zero potential 35 are provided.
- the coil 44 of the relay 18 is supplied by the internal 2 or external voltage source 3. This coil 44 is arranged on the one hand in parallel with a diode 43 and on the other hand in series with zero potential 35 an FET 45 which corresponds to the switch 13 in FIG. 1.
- the FET 45 is Triggered trigger 9, to the two inputs 10, 11 via voltage dividers 46, 47 and 48, 49, the two DC voltage sources 2, 3 are connected.
- the non-inverting Schmitt trigger 9 is a correspondingly connected operational amplifier 50, the output of which is connected to the voltage supply via a resistor 51.
- the voltage failure signal 17 from the external voltage source 3, which is a digital one, is also fed to the gate of the FET 45 via the diode 54.
- the edge-controlled delay circuit 15 is connected between the relay coil 44 and the FET 45.
- This consists of an FET 30, at the gate 31 of which an input resistor 32 connected to the relay coil 44 and the FET 45, to which a diode 33 is arranged in parallel, the anode being connected to the gate 31, and a capacitor 34 connected to zero potential 35.
- the source terminal 36 of the FET 30 is connected to zero potential 35 and the drain terminal 37 to the control inputs 16 of the FETs 21, 22.
- a voltage stabilizing diode 38 is arranged antiparallel to the drain-source path.
- the drain terminal 37 of the FET's 30 is also connected via a resistor 53 to the output 28 of the circuit 27 in FIG. 1.
- the power FETs 21, 22 are connected in series and each have a bulk diode 19, 20.
- a connection of this series connection like the root connection 5 of the relay contact, is connected to the PC plug-in card 1 or an electronic device 1.
- FIG. 3 the signal curve when switching from the internal 2 to the external voltage source 3 is shown on the left of the dash-dotted line and on the right that when switching back from the external 3 to the internal 2.
- A the signal at the gate of the FET 45, with C the course of the control voltage for the power FETs 21, 22, with D the voltage at the external source 3 and with E the digital state of the power failure signal.
- the switching state of the relay contact is shown in time diagram B, 6 and 7 denoting the contacts in FIG. 2.
- the voltage failure signal changes from "Low” L to "High” H, ie the external voltage 3 is switched on, the FET 45 and the power FETs 21, 22 are switched on and as long as the internal voltage 2 is lower than the external voltage relay 18 also switches from contact 6 to 7.
- the circuit according to the invention is also extremely suitable for redundant power supplies.
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA1197/94 | 1994-06-16 | ||
AT119794 | 1994-06-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995034933A1 true WO1995034933A1 (de) | 1995-12-21 |
Family
ID=3508711
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AT1995/000117 WO1995034933A1 (de) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-14 | Anordnung zur umschaltung zwischen zwei spannungsquellen |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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WO (1) | WO1995034933A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009100295A3 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-10-15 | Ainet Registry Llc | Backup power system and method |
CN112751410A (zh) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-04 | 国家电网有限公司 | 低压直流电路供电控制电路 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2749420A1 (de) * | 1977-11-04 | 1979-05-10 | Baum Elektrophysik Gmbh | Wahlweise zu betaetigende einschaltvorrichtung fuer eine hilfsstromquelle |
GB2050725A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1981-01-07 | Ships Electronic Services Ltd | Power supply changeover unit |
US4441031A (en) * | 1980-12-10 | 1984-04-03 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Power source voltage change discrimination circuit |
US4528459A (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1985-07-09 | Rockwell International Corporation | Battery backup power switch |
-
1995
- 1995-06-14 WO PCT/AT1995/000117 patent/WO1995034933A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2749420A1 (de) * | 1977-11-04 | 1979-05-10 | Baum Elektrophysik Gmbh | Wahlweise zu betaetigende einschaltvorrichtung fuer eine hilfsstromquelle |
GB2050725A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1981-01-07 | Ships Electronic Services Ltd | Power supply changeover unit |
US4441031A (en) * | 1980-12-10 | 1984-04-03 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Power source voltage change discrimination circuit |
US4528459A (en) * | 1983-06-10 | 1985-07-09 | Rockwell International Corporation | Battery backup power switch |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009100295A3 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-10-15 | Ainet Registry Llc | Backup power system and method |
US7962772B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2011-06-14 | Ainet Registry, Llc | Backup power system and method |
CN112751410A (zh) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-04 | 国家电网有限公司 | 低压直流电路供电控制电路 |
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