WO1995033894A1 - Method of sealing earth structures, in particular for creating controlled waste dumps without drainage - Google Patents
Method of sealing earth structures, in particular for creating controlled waste dumps without drainage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995033894A1 WO1995033894A1 PCT/LU1995/000002 LU9500002W WO9533894A1 WO 1995033894 A1 WO1995033894 A1 WO 1995033894A1 LU 9500002 W LU9500002 W LU 9500002W WO 9533894 A1 WO9533894 A1 WO 9533894A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sealing
- waste
- seal
- base
- additive
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010789 controlled waste Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004181 pedogenesis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/004—Sealing liners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
Definitions
- the present invention describes a simple, ecological and inexpensive method for sealing soil formations by means of mineral sealing layers, which is outstanding in the field of civil engineering or environmental protection, e.g. can be used for the production of inexpensive orderly landfills or for the rehabilitation of old disordered landfills.
- German TA Technical 0 Instructions
- the object on which the present invention is based is to use industrial overburden products, such as sludge, marl or ash, economically and to create a mineral seal for soil formations, in particular for landfills, which
- the object is achieved according to the present invention in that industrial waste products are used as sealing materials.
- the entire sealing system consists of at least three different sealing layers:
- Sludge as a waste product from wet gravel and sand separation forms the basic material for the basic waterproofing.
- This mud ⁇ Fig. l (2)> is treated with plenty of water and applied to the surface to be sealed ⁇ Fig. 1 (1)> - eg gravel and sand.
- the sludge sinks into the gaps and unevenness of the surface, whereby the water prevents air bubbles from penetrating into the sludge layer that forms.
- a second sealing layer ⁇ Fig. 1 (3)> is applied, which consists of a mixture of sludge (of the origin described above) and a broken, high-shear strength aggregate (e.g. fine, pure marl, as a waste product from a coal mine).
- the basic seal thus finished achieves a permeability coefficient of k ⁇ 10 -11 m / s (!), which represents a reliable protection of the groundwater against seepage water.
- the garbage to be deposited is covered daily on the landfill by an inexpensive and water-absorbent aggregate (e.g. slag with ash from a boiler) and mechanically compacted.
- an inexpensive and water-absorbent aggregate e.g. slag with ash from a boiler
- the resulting intermediate seal ⁇ Fig. 1 (4)> still achieves a permeability coefficient k ⁇ 10 9 m / s.
- the last barrier is the surface seal ⁇ Fig. 1 (5)>.
- humus is mixed with a fine, very low-shear aggregate (e.g. marl from a coal mine) and applied to the landfill body.
- a fine, very low-shear aggregate e.g. marl from a coal mine
- a landfill manufactured in this way works well without a drainage system: On the one hand, the landfill body is covered with a new intermediate sealing layer at short intervals (e.g. daily). On the other hand, this seal, in particular, acts like a sponge due to its water-absorbent additives, which does not pass on the moisture it absorbs.
- the base and intermediate seals each with a slight incline, can be arranged in cross-sections one above the other in a cassette or honeycomb manner ⁇ Fig. 2>.
- the garbage-containing intermediate seals (2) are encapsulated by several high-density base sealing layers (1), so that even larger landfills can be built using this method without drainage, but with the greatest possible protection of the groundwater.
- Fig.1 shows schematically a cross section through the mineral seal.
- sludge (2) or a mixture (3) of sludge and fine marl forms the base seal, which is applied to a surface to be sealed (1) - eg sand and gravel.
- the intermediate seal (4) consists of a compressed mixture of waste and slag with ash.
- the mixture of humus and marl forms the surface seal (5).
- FIG. 2 shows the cassette or honeycomb-like arrangement of the sealing layers in the diagram, the intermediate seals (2) being encapsulated by the base layers (1).
- the cassette system is covered by a mixture of humus and marl (3).
- the advantage of the invention described here lies in the very cost-effective way, above all, of producing large-area seals, which can be used economically mainly in landfill construction or in the remediation of contaminated sites.
- the use of industrial waste and overburden products as sealing materials is an important ecological component of this invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention concerns a method of sealing earth structures, in particular for isolating waste or for creating controlled waste dumps without drainage. The method involves the creation of three separate mineral sealing layers: the base sealing layers (2, 3) and the surface sealing layer (5) have extremely low permeability coefficients, while the middle layer (4) which contains the waste or refuse has a high sorption capacity as well as a low permeability coefficient. The high sorption capacity of the middle layer, together with a honeycomb arrangement of base and intermediate sealing layers, make a drainage system unnecessary in the case of a waste dump. By using particular waste or excavated material as sealing material for the individual layers (e.g. marl, slag, ash and sludge from wet gravel and sand separation) in this process, it is possible to seal off or isolate waste in an economical and environmentally sound manner.
Description
VERFAHREN ZUR ABDICHTUNG VON BODEN FORMAT IONEN , INSBESONDERE ZUR HESTELLUNG VON GEORDNETEN DEPONIEN ODER DRAINAGE.METHOD FOR SEALING FLOOR FORMAT ION, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ORDERED DEPOSITS OR DRAINAGE.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschreibt ein einfaches, oekologisches und preiswertes Verfahren zum Abdichten von Bodenformationen durch mineralische Dichtungsschichten, was sich hervorragend im Bereich des Bauingenieurwesens, bzw. 10 des Umweltschutzes -z.B. zur Herstellung von kostengünstigen geordneten Mülldeponien oder zur Sanierung alter ungeordneter Deponien- verwenden läßt.The present invention describes a simple, ecological and inexpensive method for sealing soil formations by means of mineral sealing layers, which is outstanding in the field of civil engineering or environmental protection, e.g. can be used for the production of inexpensive orderly landfills or for the rehabilitation of old disordered landfills.
Jedes Jahr fallen in den verschiedensten Industriezweigen weltweit Millionen Tonnen von industriellen Abfallprodukten und industriellem Abraum, wie Schlamm, Asche, 15 Mergel, ..an, die bisher wirtschaftlich kaum mehr nutzbar waren und auf riesigen Halden oder -je nach Grad der enthaltenen Schadstoffen- auf kostspieligen, abgedichteten Deponien entgelagert werden mußten.Every year, millions of tons of industrial waste products and industrial waste, such as sludge, ash, 15 marl, ... accumulate in a wide variety of industrial sectors worldwide, which until now were hardly economically usable and on huge heaps or - depending on the level of pollutants contained - expensive, sealed landfills had to be removed.
Für den Bau einer solchen abgedichteten Deponie sieht die deutsche TA (Technische 0 Anleitung) Sonderabfall folgende Mindestausführung, insbesondere für die Basisabdichtung vor:For the construction of such a sealed landfill, the German TA (Technical 0 Instructions) special waste provides the following minimum version, especially for the basic seal:
- 150 cm mineralische Dichtungsschicht (mit einem- 150 cm mineral sealing layer (with a
Durchlässigkeitsbeiwert k < 10 10 m/s )Permeability coefficient k <10 10 m / s)
- 2,5 mm Kunststoffdichtungsbahn 5 - Geotextil- und Entwässerungsssystem (Drainagesystem)- 2.5 mm plastic sealing membrane 5 - geotextile and drainage system (drainage system)
Hierdurch soll verhindert werden, daß die im Deponiekörper enthaltenen Schadstoffe (z.B. durch Sickerwässer) ins Grundwasser gelangen können.This is to prevent the pollutants contained in the landfill body from getting into the groundwater (e.g. through leachate).
0 Zwar bietet die oben erwähnte Kombinationsabdichtung über Jahre oder Jahrzehnte hinweg eine gute Dichtheit, ein langwieriger chemischer Angriff auf die dünne Kunststoffdichtungsbahn oder ein anderes plötzliches Versagen, z.B. infolge einer extremen mechanischen Belastung kann Auswirkungen haben, die bislang nicht abzuschätzen sind.
Der größte Nachteil der oben beschriebenen Abdichtung ist aber die aufwendige und vor allem extrem kostspielige Realisierung, nicht zuletzt auch wegen des teueren Drainagesystems.0 It is true that the combination seal mentioned above offers good tightness over a period of years or decades, a protracted chemical attack on the thin plastic sealing membrane or another sudden failure, e.g. due to extreme mechanical loads, can have effects that cannot yet be estimated. The biggest disadvantage of the sealing described above is the complex and, above all, extremely expensive implementation, not least because of the expensive drainage system.
Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe ist -ausgehend vom vorgenannten Stand der Technik- darin zu sehen, industrielle Abraumprodukte, wie Schlamm, Mergel oder Asche wirtschaftlich zu nutzen und eine mineralische Abdichtung für Bodenformationen, insbesondere für Mülldeponien zu schaffen, dieStarting from the aforementioned prior art, the object on which the present invention is based is to use industrial overburden products, such as sludge, marl or ash, economically and to create a mineral seal for soil formations, in particular for landfills, which
(a) verhindern soll, daß Sickerwasser mit den darin enthaltenen Schadstoffen ins Grundwasser gelangt; (b) Langzeitstabilität besitzt;(a) is to prevent leachate with the pollutants contained therein from entering the groundwater; (b) has long-term stability;
(c) mechanisch belastbar ist;(c) is mechanically resilient;
(d) vor allem einfach, oekologisch und preiswert herzustellen ist.(d) Above all, it is simple, ecological and inexpensive to manufacture.
Die Aufgabe wird gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß industrielle Abfallprodukte als Dichtungsmaterialien eingesetzt werden. Daneben setzt sich das gesamte Abdichtungssystem aus mindestens drei verschiedenen Dichtungsschichten zusammen:The object is achieved according to the present invention in that industrial waste products are used as sealing materials. In addition, the entire sealing system consists of at least three different sealing layers:
- einer Basisabdichtung - einer Mittel- oder Zwischenabdichtung- a basic seal - a middle or intermediate seal
- einer Oberflächenabdichtung- a surface seal
Schlamm als Abfallprodukt einer nassen Kies- und Sandseparation bildet das Grundmaterial für die Basisabdichtung. Dieser Schlamm <Fig. l (2) > wird mit reichlich Wasser aufbereitet und auf die abzudichtende Fläche < Fig.1 (1) > -z.B. Kies und Sand- aufgetragen. Hierbei senkt sich der Schlamm in die Lücken und Unebenheiten der Unterlage, wobei das Wasser das Eindringen von Luftblasen in die sich bildende Schlammschicht verhindert.
Auf dieser ersten Schicht Schlamm < Fig.1 (2) > wird eine zweite Dichtungsschicht < Fig. l (3) > aufgetragen, die sich aus einem Gemisch von Schlamm (der oben beschriebenen Herkunft) und einem gebrochenen, hochscherfesten Zuschlagstoff (z.B. feinem, reinem Mergel, als Abfallprodukt eines Kohlebergwerkes) zusammensetzt.Sludge as a waste product from wet gravel and sand separation forms the basic material for the basic waterproofing. This mud <Fig. l (2)> is treated with plenty of water and applied to the surface to be sealed <Fig. 1 (1)> - eg gravel and sand. Here, the sludge sinks into the gaps and unevenness of the surface, whereby the water prevents air bubbles from penetrating into the sludge layer that forms. On this first layer of sludge <Fig. 1 (2)> a second sealing layer <Fig. 1 (3)> is applied, which consists of a mixture of sludge (of the origin described above) and a broken, high-shear strength aggregate (e.g. fine, pure marl, as a waste product from a coal mine).
Die so fertiggestellte Basisabdichtung erreicht einen Durchlässigkeitsbeiwert von k < 10-11 m/s (!), was ein sicherer Schutz des Grundwassers vor Sickerwasser darstellt.The basic seal thus finished achieves a permeability coefficient of k <10 -11 m / s (!), Which represents a reliable protection of the groundwater against seepage water.
Der zu deponierende Müll selbst wird täglich durch einen preiswerten und wasseraufnahmefähigen Zuschlagstoff (z.B. Schlacke mit Asche eines Heizkessels) auf der Deponie abgedeckt und mechanisch verdichtet. Die so entstandene Zwischenabdichtung < Fig.1 (4) > erreicht immerhin noch einen Durchlässigkeitsbeiwert k < lO9 m/s.The garbage to be deposited is covered daily on the landfill by an inexpensive and water-absorbent aggregate (e.g. slag with ash from a boiler) and mechanically compacted. The resulting intermediate seal <Fig. 1 (4)> still achieves a permeability coefficient k <10 9 m / s.
Die letzte Barriere bildet die Oberflächenabdichtung < Fig. l (5) > . Hierfür wird Humus mit einem feinen, scherfersten Zuschlagstoff (z.B. Mergel eines Kohlebergwerkes) vermischt und auf den Deponiekörper aufgetragen.The last barrier is the surface seal <Fig. 1 (5)>. For this, humus is mixed with a fine, very low-shear aggregate (e.g. marl from a coal mine) and applied to the landfill body.
Eine auf diese Weise hergestellte Deponie kommt ohne Drainagesystem hervorragend aus: Zum einen wird der Deponiekörper in kurzen Zeitabständen (z.B. täglich) mit einer immer neuen Zwischenabdichtungsschicht abgedeckt. Zum andern wirkt gerade diese Dichtung aufgrund ihrer wasseraufnahmefähigen Zuschlagstoffe wie ein Schwamm, der aufgenommene Feuchtigkeit nicht nach unten weitergibt.A landfill manufactured in this way works well without a drainage system: On the one hand, the landfill body is covered with a new intermediate sealing layer at short intervals (e.g. daily). On the other hand, this seal, in particular, acts like a sponge due to its water-absorbent additives, which does not pass on the moisture it absorbs.
Um das System noch zu perfektionieren, lassen sich die -jeweils leicht schräge- Basis- und Zwischenabdichtung im Querschnitt jeweils kassetten- oder wabenartig übereinander anordnen < Fig.2 > . Hierbei werden die jeweils müllhaltigen Zwischenabdichtungen (2) von mehreren hochdichtenden Basisdichtungsschichten (1) umkapselt., so daß auch größere Deponien nach diesem Verfahren ohne Drainage, aber mit dem größtmöglichen Schutz des Grundwassers gebaut werden können.
Fig.1 zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt durch die mineralische Dichtung. Hierbei bildet Schlamm(2), bzw. ein Gemisch (3) aus Schlamm und feinem Mergel die Basisabdichtung, die auf eine abzudichtende Fläche (1) -z.B. Sand und Kies¬ aufgetragen wird. Die Zwischendichtung (4) besteht aus einem verdichteten Gemisch von Müll und Schlacke mit Asche. Schlußendlich bildet das Gemisch aus Humus mit Mergel die Oberflächenabdichtung (5).In order to perfect the system even further, the base and intermediate seals, each with a slight incline, can be arranged in cross-sections one above the other in a cassette or honeycomb manner <Fig. 2>. The garbage-containing intermediate seals (2) are encapsulated by several high-density base sealing layers (1), so that even larger landfills can be built using this method without drainage, but with the greatest possible protection of the groundwater. Fig.1 shows schematically a cross section through the mineral seal. Here, sludge (2) or a mixture (3) of sludge and fine marl forms the base seal, which is applied to a surface to be sealed (1) - eg sand and gravel. The intermediate seal (4) consists of a compressed mixture of waste and slag with ash. Finally, the mixture of humus and marl forms the surface seal (5).
In Fig.2 ist die kassetten- oder wabenartige Anordnung der Dichtungsschichten im Schema sichtbar, wobei die Zwischenabdichtungen (2) von den Basisschichten (1) umkapselt werden. Nach oben hin wird das Kassettensystem durch ein Humus- Mergel-Gemisch (3) abgedeckt.2 shows the cassette or honeycomb-like arrangement of the sealing layers in the diagram, the intermediate seals (2) being encapsulated by the base layers (1). At the top, the cassette system is covered by a mixture of humus and marl (3).
Der Vorteil der hier beschriebenen Erfindung liegt in der sehr kostengünstigen Art und Weise vor allem großflächige Abdichtungen herzustellen, was wirtschaftlich hauptsächlich im Deponiebau oder bei der Sanierung von Altlasten genutzt werden kann. Daneben stellt gerade auch die Nutzung industrieller Abfall- und Abraumprodukte als Dichtungsmaterialien eine wichtige oekologische Komponente dieser Erfindung dar.
The advantage of the invention described here lies in the very cost-effective way, above all, of producing large-area seals, which can be used economically mainly in landfill construction or in the remediation of contaminated sites. In addition, the use of industrial waste and overburden products as sealing materials is an important ecological component of this invention.
Claims
1. Verfahren zum Abdichten von Bodenformationen, insbesondere zur Abkapselung von Altlasten oder zur Herstellung von Deponien dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens drei mineralische Dichtungsschichten vorgesehen sind, wovon zwei, im folgenden als Basis- und Oberflächenabdichtung bezeichnet, extrem niedrige Durchlässigkeitsbeiwerte aufzeigen, während die dritte oder mittlere Schicht eine hohe Sorptiortsfähigkeit bei ebenfalls niedrigem Durchlässigkeitsbeiwert besitzt.1. A method for sealing soil formations, in particular for the encapsulation of contaminated sites or for the production of landfills, characterized in that at least three mineral sealing layers are provided, of which two, hereinafter referred to as base and surface sealing, show extremely low permeability coefficients, while the third or middle layer has a high sorting ability with a low permeability coefficient.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Dichtungsmaterialien lediglich biologische, industrielle oder sonstige Abfall- oder Abraumprodukte eingesetzt werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that only biological, industrial or other waste or overburden products are used as sealing materials.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Unterlage der Basisabdichtung mit sauberem Wasser aufbereiteter Schlamm der nassen Kies- und Sandseparation auf die abzudichtende Fläche aufgetragen wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the base seal with clean water treated sludge of wet gravel and sand separation is applied to the surface to be sealed.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die obere Schicht der Basisabdichtung Schlamm der nassen Kies- und Sandseparation mit feingemahlenem und reinem, scherfestem Zuschlagstoff vermischt und aufgetragen wird.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that sludge of the wet gravel and sand separation is mixed with finely ground and pure, shear-resistant aggregate and applied for the upper layer of the base seal.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Zuschlagstoff reinen Mergel verwendet, der z.B. als Abraumprodukt eines Kohlebergwerkes entsteht.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that pure marl is used as an additive, e.g. arises as a waste product from a coal mine.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel- oder Zwischendichtung aus einer oder mehreren Schichten eines verdichteten Gemisches des zu deponierenden Mülls und eines angefeuchteten, scherfesten und sorptionsfähigen Zuschlagstoffes besteht. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the central or intermediate seal consists of one or more layers of a compressed mixture of the waste to be landfilled and a moistened, shear-resistant and sorbent additive.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Zuschlagstoff Kesselraumschlacke und Asche aus Kohleheizkessel oder Raumkessel verwendet.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that boiler slag and ashes from coal-fired boilers or room boilers are used as the additive.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Gemisch aus Humus und gebrochenem, scherfesten Zuschlagstoff die Oberflächenabdichtung bildet.8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a mixture of humus and broken, shear-resistant additive forms the surface seal.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Zuschlagstoff feinen und reinen Mergel benutzt.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that fine and pure marl is used as the additive.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Basis- und Mittelabdichtung eine kleine Schräge aufzeigen und kassetten- oder wabenartig übereinander angeordnet werden, so daß auf ein Drainagesystem verzichtet werden kann. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the base and center seal show a small slope and are arranged in a cassette or honeycomb-like manner, so that a drainage system can be dispensed with.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU27544/95A AU2754495A (en) | 1994-06-02 | 1995-06-01 | Method of sealing earth structures, in particular for creating controlled waste dumps without drainage |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU88493A LU88493A1 (en) | 1994-06-02 | 1994-06-02 | Process for sealing by means of earth barriers, in particular for the production of orderly landfills without drainage |
| LU88493 | 1994-06-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1995033894A1 true WO1995033894A1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
| WO1995033894A9 WO1995033894A9 (en) | 1996-02-15 |
Family
ID=19731475
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/LU1995/000002 WO1995033894A1 (en) | 1994-06-02 | 1995-06-01 | Method of sealing earth structures, in particular for creating controlled waste dumps without drainage |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2754495A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU88493A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995033894A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2322137A (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-19 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition with soil release agents |
| WO2012006981A1 (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2012-01-19 | K + S Aktiengesellschaft | Base seal for a stockpile, in particular a residual salt stockpile |
| US8920693B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2014-12-30 | Universität Kassel | Method for the production of a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymer and extrusion die and device for the temperature control a fiber strand impregnated with a polymer melt |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3505076A1 (en) * | 1985-02-14 | 1986-08-14 | Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart | ADSORPTION LAYER |
| WO1989001547A1 (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1989-02-23 | Kuegler Jost Ulrich | Process for sealing soil formations, in particular for creating waste disposal sites |
| WO1991016153A1 (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1991-10-31 | Klaus Grabbe | Rubbish dump and process for making it |
-
1994
- 1994-06-02 LU LU88493A patent/LU88493A1/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-06-01 AU AU27544/95A patent/AU2754495A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-01 WO PCT/LU1995/000002 patent/WO1995033894A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3505076A1 (en) * | 1985-02-14 | 1986-08-14 | Ed. Züblin AG, 7000 Stuttgart | ADSORPTION LAYER |
| WO1989001547A1 (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1989-02-23 | Kuegler Jost Ulrich | Process for sealing soil formations, in particular for creating waste disposal sites |
| WO1991016153A1 (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1991-10-31 | Klaus Grabbe | Rubbish dump and process for making it |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2322137A (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-19 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition with soil release agents |
| WO2012006981A1 (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2012-01-19 | K + S Aktiengesellschaft | Base seal for a stockpile, in particular a residual salt stockpile |
| US8920693B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2014-12-30 | Universität Kassel | Method for the production of a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymer and extrusion die and device for the temperature control a fiber strand impregnated with a polymer melt |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| LU88493A1 (en) | 1994-12-01 |
| AU2754495A (en) | 1996-01-04 |
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