WO1995033060A1 - Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control - Google Patents

Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1995033060A1
WO1995033060A1 PCT/FR1995/000670 FR9500670W WO9533060A1 WO 1995033060 A1 WO1995033060 A1 WO 1995033060A1 FR 9500670 W FR9500670 W FR 9500670W WO 9533060 A1 WO9533060 A1 WO 9533060A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lys
glu
ser
calpain
asp
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1995/000670
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Marie Blanchard
Serge Carillo
Marc Peichaczyk
Original Assignee
Rhone-Poulenc Rorer S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rhone-Poulenc Rorer S.A. filed Critical Rhone-Poulenc Rorer S.A.
Priority to EP95920973A priority Critical patent/EP0763121A1/en
Priority to AU26206/95A priority patent/AU714209B2/en
Priority to CA2190293A priority patent/CA2190293C/en
Priority to JP8500420A priority patent/JPH10500978A/en
Priority to MX9605522A priority patent/MX9605522A/en
Publication of WO1995033060A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995033060A1/en
Priority to NO19964772A priority patent/NO321411B1/en
Priority to FI964783A priority patent/FI120501B/en
Priority to US10/788,489 priority patent/US7837991B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/55Protease inhibitors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/81Protease inhibitors
    • C07K14/8107Endopeptidase (E.C. 3.4.21-99) inhibitors
    • C07K14/8139Cysteine protease (E.C. 3.4.22) inhibitors, e.g. cystatin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K48/00Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new method for the treatment of cancers. More particularly, it relates to a method of treating cancers by regulating the cellular levels of the p53 protein. It also relates to gene therapy vectors making it possible to regulate the p53 protein, as well as the pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
  • the elucidation of the catabolism of oncogenic and anti-oncogenic proteins represents a major challenge in terms of anti-cancer control insofar as it suggests, in the case of oncogenic proteins, the possibility of accelerating their degradation and therefore to annihilate their action, in the case of tumor suppressors, to inhibit their degradation and therefore to increase their anti-proliferative or anti-tumor effect, in the case of mutated proteins, to potentiate their antigenic presentation by the molecules of the Major Histocompatibility Complex and thus stimulate a tumor-specific immune response, and, in cases where the strong expression of the oncogene or anti-oncogene is capable of inducing programmed cell death, the possibility of stabilizing these proteins to trigger the apoptotic process.
  • the p53 protein was classified as a nuclear oncogene since it could, in transfection experiments, lengthen the life of rodent cells in culture as well as cooperate with oncogenes activated as ras to transform cells into primary culture.
  • the genes used in these first experiments were mutated and led to the expression of variant p53 proteins characterized by a gain in function.
  • the p53 protein at least in its wild form, is a transcription factor which negatively regulates growth and cell division and which, in certain situations, is capable of inducing apoptosis (Yonish-Rouach et al., Nature, 352, 345-347, 1991).
  • p53 has been suggested be a "genome keeper".
  • the wild-type p53 protein is subject to complex regulation which involves the control of its synthesis and catabolism as well as that of its intracellular localization and its post-translational modifications (see the journals cited above).
  • the wild-type p53 protein is extremely unstable with a half-life of a few minutes.
  • certain mutated proteins which accumulate at high level in tumors have a significantly extended half-life. Little has been clearly established regarding the degradation of p53. In fact, neither the intracellular degradation sites, nor the number and nature of the catabolic pathways used, nor the peptide motifs marking p53 for its degradation are known.
  • the present invention results in part from the demonstration that the p53 proteins are substrates for calcium-dependent proteases: calpains. It more particularly results from the demonstration that the p53 proteins are specifically degraded by m-calpain or ⁇ -calpain.
  • the present invention constitutes the first demonstration of a mechanism for regulating the cellular levels of the p53 proteins and thus offers a new particularly effective and specific approach for modulating the levels of this protein in pathological situations such as in particular certain cancers.
  • the present invention describes a new approach for the treatment of cancers, based on the use of compounds which modulate the activity of calpains on the p53 proteins, which make it possible either to activate the degradation of mutated p53 proteins, to block their tumorigenic effect and / or to increase the presentation of immunogenic peptides, ie to stabilize the wild-type p53 protein, to counterbalance the tumorigenic effect of mutated proteins expressed in tumors and / or to induce apoptosis of tumor cells.
  • a first object of the invention therefore resides in the use of a compound capable of modulating the activity of calpain for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition intended for the treatment of cancers.
  • Calpains are ubiquitous enzymes found in most mammalian cells (for review, see Croall and deMartino, Physiol. Rev., 71, 813-847, 1991). They are essentially cytoplasmic but they can penetrate into the nucleus thanks to the destruction of the nuclear envelope during mitosis or following certain stimuli. As indicated above, the proteolytic activity of calpains is dependent on the presence of calcium.
  • the compounds capable of modulating the activity of calpain within the meaning of the present invention can be of several types.
  • inhibitor compounds capable of inhibiting the activity of calpain on the p53 proteins. These compounds are particularly advantageous since they can be used to inhibit, at least in part, the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein. These compounds therefore make it possible to intracellularly stabilize the wild-type p53 protein and to counterbalance the effect of the mutated forms.
  • protease inhibitors leupeptin, aprotinin, PMSF, etc.
  • calcium chelators EGTA, EDTA, etc.
  • Calpastatin is a known inhibitor of calpains.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention consists in transferring into the tumors a vector carrying all or part of the sequence coding for calpastatin. This approach is particularly suitable for the treatment of cancers always presenting a wild p53 allele, such as colonic or bronchial carcinomas for example.
  • Different fragments or derivatives of calpastatin can be used in the context of the present invention.
  • Such fragments or derivatives can be any molecule obtained from the sequence SEQ ID No. 1 by modification (s) of genetic and / or chemical nature, retaining the capacity to inhibit at least in part the activity of a calpain .
  • modification of a genetic and / or chemical nature is meant any mutation, deletion, substitution, addition, and / or modification of one or more nucleotides. Such modifications can be carried out for different purposes, and in particular that of preparing suitable sequences to expression in a particular type of vector or host, that of reducing the size of the sequence to facilitate their cell penetration, that of increasing the inhibition activity, or, in a particularly advantageous manner, of increasing the selectivity of the inhibitor with respect to the activity of calpains on the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein.
  • Such modifications can be made, for example, by in vitro mutagenesis, by introduction of additional elements or synthetic sequences, or by deletions or substitutions of the original elements.
  • a derivative as defined above When a derivative as defined above is produced, its activity as an inhibitor of the activity of calpains on the p53 proteins can be demonstrated in several ways, and in particular by bringing said inhibitor and the various forms into contact of p53 proteins, then by detecting the degradation products obtained (see examples 1 to 3). Any other technique known to those skilled in the art can obviously be used for this purpose.
  • all or part of calpastatin is used as an inhibitor, or a nucleic acid coding for all or part of calpastatin.
  • a peptide is used comprising all or part of the sequence SEQ ID No. 1 or a derivative thereof.
  • any derivative compound of sequence SEQ ID No. 1 or 2 capable of specifically or preferentially inhibiting the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein by calpain is used.
  • the compounds capable of modulating the activity of calpain on the p53 proteins within the meaning of the present invention may also be derivatives of calpain capable of specifically or preferentially degrading the mutated p53 proteins.
  • Such derivatives are also very advantageous since they make it possible to activate the degradation of the mutated p53 proteins, to block their tumorigenic effect and / or to increase the presentation of immunogenic peptides, without significantly affecting the cellular levels of wild-type p53 protein.
  • Such derivatives can be obtained from calpain, by structural modification (s) of genetic and / or chemical nature. The capacity of the derivatives thus obtained to specifically or preferentially degrade the mutated p453 proteins can then be demonstrated as described in Examples 1 to 3.
  • the modulators used in the context of the invention are proteins or polypeptides, or nucleic acid sequences coding for these polypeptides or proteins.
  • the modulator compounds are proteins or polypeptides specific for inhibiting the activity of calpain on the wild-type p53 protein or forms of calpains, modified or not, for specifically degrading the mutated p53 proteins.
  • the invention lies in the possibility of expressing, in cancer cells having both a wild-type p53 allele and a mutated p53 allele, nucleic sequences coding for calpain inhibitors, such as calpastatin or part calpastatin, or forms of calpains, modified or not, to specifically degrade mutated p53 proteins.
  • nucleic acid sequence used in the context of the present invention can be administered as it is, in the form of naked DNA according to the technique described in application WO 90/11092. It can also be administered in complex form, for example with DEAE-dextran (Pagano et al., J. Virol. 1 (1967) 891), with nuclear proteins (Kaneda et al., Science 243 (1989) 375) , with lipids
  • the sequence used in the context of the invention is part of a vector.
  • the use of such a vector in fact makes it possible to improve the administration of the nucleic acid in the cells to be treated, and also to increase its stability in said cells, which makes it possible to obtain a lasting therapeutic effect.
  • the vector used can be of various origins, since it is capable of transforming animal cells, preferably human cancer cells.
  • a viral vector which can be chosen from adenoviruses, retroviruses, adeno-associated viruses (AAV) or herpes virus.
  • AAV adeno-associated viruses
  • the present invention also relates to any recombinant virus comprising, inserted into its genome, a nucleic acid coding for a compound capable of modulating the activity of calpain.
  • viruses used in the context of the invention are defective, that is to say that they are unable to replicate autonomously in the infected cell.
  • the genome of the defective viruses used in the context of the present invention is therefore devoid of at least the sequences necessary for the replication of said virus in the infected cell. These regions can be either eliminated (in whole or in part), or made non-functional, or substituted by other sequences and in particular by the sequence coding for the calpain modulator.
  • the defective virus nevertheless retains the sequences of its genome which are necessary for the packaging of the viral particles.
  • adenoviruses various serotypes, whose structure and properties vary somewhat, have been characterized.
  • serotypes it is preferred to use, within the framework of the present invention, human adenoviruses of type 2 or 5 (Ad 2 or Ad 5) or adenoviruses of animal origin (see application FR 93 05954).
  • adenoviruses of animal origin which can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made of adenoviruses of canine, bovine, murine origin (example: Mavl, Beard et al., Virology 75 (1990) 81), ovine, porcine , avian or even simian (example: after-sales service).
  • the adenovirus of animal origin is a canine adenovirus, more preferably a CAV2 adenovirus [Manhattan strain or A26 / 61 (ATCC VR-800) for example].
  • adenoviruses of human or canine or mixed origin are used.
  • the defective adenoviruses of the invention comprise the ITRs, a sequence allowing the encapsidation and the sequence coding for the calpain modulator.
  • the El gene and at least one of the E2, E4, L1-L5 genes are non-functional.
  • the viral gene considered can be made non-functional by any technique known to those skilled in the art, and in particular by total suppression, substitution, partial deletion, or addition of one or more bases in the gene or genes considered. Such modifications can be obtained in vitro (on isolated DNA) or in situ, for example, by means of genetic engineering techniques, or by treatment with mutagenic agents.
  • the defective recombinant adenoviruses according to the invention can be prepared by any technique known to those skilled in the art (Levrero et al., Gene 101 (1991) 195, EP 185 573; Graham, EMBO J. 3 (1984) 2917). In particular, they can be prepared by homologous recombination between an adenovirus and a plasmid carrying among others the DNA sequence coding for the calpain modulator. Homologous recombination occurs after co-transfection of said adenovirus and plasmid in an appropriate cell line.
  • the cell line used must preferably (i) be transformable by said elements, and (ii), contain the sequences capable of complementing the part of the genome of the defective adenovirus, preferably in integrated form to avoid the risks of recombination.
  • a line mention may be made of the human embryonic kidney line 293 (Graham et al., J. Gen. Virol. 36 (1977) 59) which contains in particular, integrated into its genome, the left part of the genome an Ad5 adenovirus (12%).
  • Strategies for the construction of vectors derived from adenoviruses have also been described in applications Nos. FR 93 05954 and FR 93 08596.
  • the adenoviruses which have multiplied are recovered and purified according to conventional techniques of molecular biology, as illustrated in the examples.
  • AAV adeno-associated viruses
  • AAVs vectors derived from AAVs for gene transfer in vitro and in vivo has been described in the literature (see in particular WO 91/18088; WO 93/09239; US 4,797,368, US 5,139,941, EP 488,528). These applications describe various constructs derived from AAVs, in which the rep and / or cap genes are deleted and replaced by a gene of interest, and their use for transferring in vitro (onto cells in culture) or in vivo (directly into an organism ) said gene of interest.
  • the defective recombinant AAVs according to the invention can be prepared by co-transfection, in a cell line infected with a virus.
  • human helper for example an adenovirus
  • a plasmid containing the sequence coding for the modulator of calpains bordered by two inverted repeat regions (ITR) of AAV and of a plasmid carrying the packaging genes (rep and cap genes) of AAV.
  • ITR inverted repeat regions
  • rep and cap genes packaging genes
  • a defective recombinant adenovirus or retrovirus indeed have properties which are particularly advantageous for the transfer of genes into tumor cells.
  • the sequence coding for the calpain modulator is placed under the control of signals allowing its expression in tumor cells.
  • these are heterologous expression signals, that is to say signals different from those naturally responsible for the expression of the modulator.
  • They may in particular be sequences responsible for the expression of other proteins, or synthetic sequences.
  • they may be promoter sequences of eukaryotic or viral genes.
  • they may be promoter sequences originating from the genome of the cell which it is desired to infect.
  • they may be promoter sequences originating from the genome of a virus, including the virus used.
  • these expression sequences can be modified by adding activation, regulation sequences or allowing tissue-specific expression. It may in fact be particularly advantageous to use expression signals which are active specifically or mainly in tumor cells, so that the DNA sequence is not expressed and does not produce its effect until the virus has effectively infected a tumor cell.
  • the invention relates to a defective recombinant virus comprising a cDNA sequence coding for a calpain modulator under the control of a viral promoter, preferably chosen from LTR-RSV and the CMV promoter. Still in a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a defective recombinant virus comprising a DNA sequence coding for a calpain modulator under the control of a promoter allowing predominant expression in tumor cells. Expression is considered to be predominant within the meaning of the invention when, even if residual expression is observed in other cell types, the expression levels are higher in tumor cells.
  • the present invention also relates to any pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more defective recombinant viruses as described above.
  • These pharmaceutical compositions can be formulated for topical, oral, parenteral, intranasal, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraocular, transdermal, etc. administration.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention contain a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle for an injectable formulation, especially for direct injection into the patient's tumor.
  • injectable formulations especially for direct injection into the patient's tumor.
  • They may in particular be sterile, isotonic solutions, or dry compositions, in particular lyophilized, which, by addition as appropriate of sterilized water or physiological saline, allow the constitution of injectable solutes.
  • Direct injection into the patient's tumor is advantageous because it allows the therapeutic effect to be concentrated in the affected tissues.
  • the doses of defective recombinant virus used for injection can be adapted as a function of various parameters, and in particular as a function of the viral vector, of the mode of administration used, of the pathology concerned or also of the duration of the treatment sought.
  • the recombinant adenoviruses according to the invention are formulated and administered in the form of doses of between 10 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ 4 pfu / ml, and preferably 10 à to 10 p pfu / ml.
  • the term pfu ( "plaque forming unit") corresponds to the infectious power of a virus solution, and is determined by infection of an appropriate cell culture, and measures, generally after 48 hours, the number of plaques of infected cells.
  • pfu titer of a viral solution are well documented in the literature Concerning retroviruses, the compositions according to the invention can directly comprise the producer cells, with a view to their implantation.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of cancers in which mutated forms of p53 are observed. More specifically, the The present invention is particularly advantageous for the treatment of cancers in which the wild and mutated alleles of p53 are present.
  • canccers are in particular colorectal cancers, breast cancers, lung cancers, gastric cancers, esophageal cancers, B lymphomas, ovarian cancers, bladder cancers, etc.
  • Figure 1 Study of the regulation of the p53 protein by calpain.
  • the reaction is carried out in a final volume of 30 ⁇ l, including 1 coming from the translation mixture, line 1: T0; line 2: 30 min in the presence of ImM Calcium + 20 ⁇ g ml Calpain; line 4: 30 min in the presence of ImM Calcium + 20 ⁇ g / ml Calpain + 0.5 mg / ml calpastatin; line 5: 30 min in the presence of ImM Calcium + 20 ⁇ g / ml Calpain + 10 mM EGTA; lane 6: PBS; lane 7: PBS + calcium; line 8: PBS + calpastatin.
  • the pBR322, pUC and phage plasmids of the M13 series are of commercial origin (Bethesda Research Laboratories).
  • the DNA fragments can be separated according to their size by electrophoresis in agarose or acrylamide gels, extracted with phenol or with a phenol / chloroform mixture, precipitated with ethanol and then incubated in the presence of the DNA ligase from phage T4 (Biolabs) according to the supplier's recommendations.
  • the filling of the protruding 5 ′ ends can be carried out by the Klenow fragment of DNA Polymerase I of E. coli (Biolabs) according to the supplier's specifications.
  • the destruction of the protruding 3 ′ ends is carried out in the presence of the DNA polymerase of phage T4 (Biolabs) used according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
  • the destruction of the protruding 5 ′ ends is carried out by gentle treatment with nuclease SI.
  • Mutagenesis directed in vitro by synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides can be carried out according to the method developed by Taylor et al. [Nucleic Acids Res. 13 . (1985) 8749-8764] using the kit distributed by Amersham.
  • the enzymatic amplification of DNA fragments by the technique known as
  • PCR Polymerase-catalyzed Chain Reaction, Saiki R.K. et al., Science 230 (1985) 1350-1354; Mullis K.B. and Faloona F.A., Meth. Enzym. 155 (1987) 335-350] can be performed using a "DNA thermal cycler" (Perkin Elmer Cetus) according to the manufacturer's specifications. Verification of the nucleotide sequences can be carried out by the method developed by Sanger et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 74 (1977) 5463-5477] using the kit distributed by Amersham.
  • This example shows that the addition of m-calpain to the rabbit reticulocyte lysate induces the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein as well as that of certain mutated forms.
  • This example also shows that inhibitors of calpains are capable of inhibiting the degradation of p53 and therefore of modulating the activity of this protein.
  • Example 1.1 Use of calpain inhibitors to modulate the levels of p53 proteins:
  • m-calpain has been shown to induce degradation of the p53 proteins.
  • various compounds were introduced into the medium to test their capacity to inhibit the activity of calpain.
  • the results obtained show that the addition of a calcium chelator (EGTA) as well as a specific inhibitor peptide of calpains (derived from a physiological inhibitor, calpastatin; Maki et al., J. Biol. Chem ., 254, 18866-18869, 1989) are capable of inhibiting the degradation of p53 proteins induced by exogenous calpain.
  • EGTA calcium chelator
  • a specific inhibitor peptide of calpains derived from a physiological inhibitor, calpastatin; Maki et al., J. Biol. Chem ., 254, 18866-18869, 1989
  • cytoplasmic extracts of Daudi human lymphoblastoid cells. or Jurkat.
  • the cytoplasmic extracts were prepared as follows: The cells (accessible to ATCC) were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum.
  • the cells were then harvested, washed in PBS buffer, then incubated for 5 min in hypotonic lysis buffer without detergent (HEPES 20 mM pH 7.5; KOAc 10 mM; MgOAc 1.5 mM; 2 ml for 5.10 8 cells) .
  • the lysis was completed using a Dounce homogenizer, then verified under a microscope.
  • the nuclei were then removed by centrifugation at 2000 g for 5 min, and the supernatants were centrifuged at 10,000 g for 1 hour (Beckman SW60).
  • the cytoplasmic extracts were then aliquoted at 5 to 12 mg / ml.
  • calpain inhibitors to modulate p53 protein levels: Calcium chelation by EGTA, as well as the use of a whole range of protease inhibitors (leupeptin, aprotinin, soybean trypsin inhibitor and PMSF) and above all the peptide calpastatin show that the degradation of these proteins is dependent on the calpains of the cytoplasmic extract, and that various compounds capable of modulating the activity of calpains can be used to regulate the levels of protein p53.
  • protease inhibitors leupeptin, aprotinin, soybean trypsin inhibitor and PMSF
  • Examples 1 and 2 show that calpains can induce the degradation of p53 in complex reaction mixtures. These experiments do not however exclude that under the conditions used the calpains activate secondary proteases which are those which really act on p53.
  • the following experiment was carried out: (1) the wild-type p53 proteins of mice and of humans neo-synthesized in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate were incubated for 30 minutes in the presence of cytoplasmic extract of Daudi cells as well as in the presence of calcium to activate the calpains as in Example 2, (2) of the protein p53 was then added to the reaction mixture and the reaction was continued for 30 minutes under permissive conditions (same reaction conditions) or no (addition of either EGTA to chelate calcium, or of peptide calpastatin) for calpains.
  • This example describes the construction of a recombinant adenovirus comprising a nucleic acid sequence coding for calpastatin.
  • This adenovirus is constructed by homologous recombination between the defective adenovirus Ad-dll324 and a plasmid carrying the sequence SEQ ID No. 1 under the control of the RSV promoter.
  • the plasmid SEQ ID No. 1 comprises the sequence coding for calpastatin under the control of the LTR-RSV promoter, as well as regions of the adenovirus allowing homologous recombination. It is constructed by inserting the sequence
  • the plasmid pAd.RSV ⁇ Gal contains, in the orientation 5 '-> 3',
  • the PvuII fragment corresponding to the left end of the Ad5 adenovirus comprising: the ITR sequence, the origin of replication, the packaging signals and the E1A amplifier;
  • the vector described in 4.1. is linearized and cotransfected with a deficient adenoviral vector, in helper cells (line 293) providing in trans the functions encoded by the El regions (El A and E11B) of adenovirus.
  • the recombinant adenovirus is obtained by homologous in vivo recombination between the mutant adenovirus Ad-dll324 (Thimmappaya et al., Cell 31 (1982) 543) and the vector described in Example 4.1., According to the following protocol : the plasmid SEQ ID No. 1 and the adenovirus Ad-dll324, linearized by the enzyme Clal, are co-transfected in line 293 in the presence of calcium phosphate, to allow homologous recombination. The recombinant adenoviruses thus generated are then selected by purification on a plate.
  • the DNA of the recombinant adenovirus is amplified in the cell line 293, which leads to a culture supernatant containing the non-purified recombinant defective adenovirus having a titer of approximately 10 ⁇ 10 pfu ml.
  • the viral particles are purified by centrifugation on a cesium chloride gradient according to known techniques (see in particular Graham et al., Virology 52 (1973) 456).
  • the adenovirus obtained can be stored at -80 ° C in 20% glycerol.
  • NAME RHONE-POULENC RORER S.A.
  • CAC AAT AAA AAA GCA GTT TCC AGA TCA GCT GAA CAG CAG CCA TCA GAG 240
  • GCT GCT CCA CCC CAA GAG AAG AAA AGA AAG GTG GAG AAG GAT ACA ATG 816 Ala Ala Pro Pro Gin Glu Lys Lys Arg Lys Val Glu Lys Asp Thr Met 260 265 270 AGT GAT CAA GCA CTC GAG GCT CTG TCG GCT TCA CTG GGC ACC CGG CAA 864 Ser Asp Gin Ala Leu Glu Ala Leu Ser Ala Ser Leu Gly Thr Arg Gin 275 280 285
  • GAG AAA CCA TCT AAG CCA ACT GAA AAG ACA GAA GAA TCT AAG GCC
  • GCT 1152 Glu Lys Pro Ser Lys Pro Thr Glu Lys Thr Glu Glu Ser Lys Ala Ala 370 375 380
  • GCT CCA GCT CCT GTG TCG GAG GCT GTG TCT CGG ACC TCC ATG TGT AGT 1200
  • ORGANISM homo sapiens
  • CHARACTERISTIC
  • GTC ACA ATT CCT CCA AAA TAT AGG GAA CTA TTG GCT AAA AAG GAA GGG 192 Val Thr Ile Pro Pro Lys Tyr Arg Glu Leu Leu Ala Lys Lys Glu Gly 745 750 755 ATC ACA GGG CCT CCT GCA GAC TCT TCA AAA CCC ATA GGG CCA GAT GAT 240 Ile Thr Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Ser Ser Lys Pro Ile Gly Pro Asp Asp Asp 760 765 770 775
  • GCT GGA AAG AAA ACT GAA AAA GAG GAA TCT ACA GAA GTT TTA AAA GCT 336 Ala Gly Lys Lys Thr Glu Lys Glu Glu Ser Thr Glu Val Leu Lys Ala 795 800 805

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

Method of cancer treatment by controlling cellular p53 protein levels. The invention concerns, in particular, the use of a compound capable of modulating calpaine activity.

Description

METHODE DE TRAITEMENT DES CANCERS PAR REGULATION DE LA METHOD OF TREATING CANCER BY REGULATING THE
PROTEINE P53PROTEIN P53
La présente invention concerne une nouvelle méthode pour le traitement des cancers. Plus particulièrement, elle concerne une méthode de traitement des cancers par régulation des niveaux cellulaires de la protéine p53. Elle concerne également des vecteurs de thérapie génique permettant de réguler la protéine p53, ainsi que les compositions pharmaceutiques les contenantThe present invention relates to a new method for the treatment of cancers. More particularly, it relates to a method of treating cancers by regulating the cellular levels of the p53 protein. It also relates to gene therapy vectors making it possible to regulate the p53 protein, as well as the pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
Depuis une quinzaine d'années, la caractérisation moléculaire des oncogènes et des gènes suppresseurs de tumeur a pemis de jeter un regard nouveau sur le processus de la cancérogenèse. Ainsi, la connaissance de plus en plus approfondie de la régulation de ces gènes et de la fonction des protéines correspondantes permet de concevoir de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques.For the past fifteen years, the molecular characterization of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes has made it possible to take a new look at the process of carcinogenesis. Thus, the increasingly deep knowledge of the regulation of these genes and of the function of the corresponding proteins makes it possible to design new therapeutic approaches.
Plus particulièrement, l'élucidation du catabolisme des protéines oncogéniques et anti-oncogéniques représente un enjeu majeur en terme de lutte anti-cancéreuse dans la mesure où elle laisse entrevoir, dans le cas des protéines oncogéniques, la possibilité d'accélérer leur dégradation et donc d'anihiler leur action, dans le cas des suppresseurs de tumeur, d'inhiber leur dégradation et donc d'augmenter leur effet anti- prolifératif ou anti-tumoral, dans le cas de protéines mutées, de potentialiser leur présentation antigénique par les molécules du Complexe Majeur d'Histocompatibilité et ainsi de stimuler une réponse immune spécifique des tumeurs, et, dans le cas où la forte expression de l'oncogène ou de l'anti-oncogène est capable d'induire la mort cellulaire programmée, la possibilité de stabiliser ces protéines pour déclencher le processus apoptotique.More particularly, the elucidation of the catabolism of oncogenic and anti-oncogenic proteins represents a major challenge in terms of anti-cancer control insofar as it suggests, in the case of oncogenic proteins, the possibility of accelerating their degradation and therefore to annihilate their action, in the case of tumor suppressors, to inhibit their degradation and therefore to increase their anti-proliferative or anti-tumor effect, in the case of mutated proteins, to potentiate their antigenic presentation by the molecules of the Major Histocompatibility Complex and thus stimulate a tumor-specific immune response, and, in cases where the strong expression of the oncogene or anti-oncogene is capable of inducing programmed cell death, the possibility of stabilizing these proteins to trigger the apoptotic process.
Originellement, la protéine p53 a été classée comme un oncogène nucléaire puisqu'elle pouvait, dans des expériences de transfection, allonger la vie de cellules de rongeurs en culture ainsi que coopérer avec des oncogènes activés comme ras pour transformer des cellules en culture primaire. En fait, les gènes utilisés dans ces premières expériences étaient mutés et menaient à l'expression de protéines p53 variantes caractérisées par un gain de fonction. Sans exclure des fonctions qui resteraient à découvrir, on sait maintenant que la protéine p53, au moins sous sa forme sauvage, est un facteur de transcription qui régule négativement la croissance et la division cellulaire et qui, dans certaines situations, est capable d'induire l'apoptose (Yonish-Rouach et al., Nature, 352, 345-347, 1991). Ces propriétés se manifestant en situation de stress où l'intégrité de l'ADN cellulaire est menacée, p53 a été suggérée être un "gardien du génome". La présence de p53 mutées dans environ 40 % des tumeurs humaines, tous types confondus, renforce cette hypothèse et souligne le rôle probablement crucial que jouent les mutations de ce gène dans le développement tumoral (pour revues, voir Montenarh, Oncogene, 7, 1673-1680, 1992 ; Oren, FASEB J., 6, 3169-3176, 1992 ; Zambetti and Levine, FASEB I, 7, 855-865, 1993).Originally, the p53 protein was classified as a nuclear oncogene since it could, in transfection experiments, lengthen the life of rodent cells in culture as well as cooperate with oncogenes activated as ras to transform cells into primary culture. In fact, the genes used in these first experiments were mutated and led to the expression of variant p53 proteins characterized by a gain in function. Without excluding functions which remain to be discovered, we now know that the p53 protein, at least in its wild form, is a transcription factor which negatively regulates growth and cell division and which, in certain situations, is capable of inducing apoptosis (Yonish-Rouach et al., Nature, 352, 345-347, 1991). These properties appear in stressful situations where the integrity of cellular DNA is threatened, p53 has been suggested be a "genome keeper". The presence of mutated p53 in approximately 40% of human tumors, all types combined, reinforces this hypothesis and underlines the probably crucial role played by mutations of this gene in tumor development (for reviews, see Montenarh, Oncogene, 7, 1673- 1680, 1992; Oren, FASEB J., 6, 3169-3176, 1992; Zambetti and Levine, FASEB I, 7, 855-865, 1993).
La protéine p53 sauvage est asujettie à une régulation complexe qui fait intervenir le contrôle de sa synthèse et de son catabolisme ainsi que celui de sa localisation intracellulaire et de ses modifications post-traductionnelles (voir les revues citées plus haut). La protéine p53 sauvage est extrêmement instable avec une demi-vie de quelques minutes. Par contre, certaines protéines mutées qui s'accumulent à haut niveau dans les tumeurs ont une demi-vie significativement allongée. Peu de choses ont clairement été établies concernant la dégradation de p53. En effet, ni les sites intracellulaires de dégradation, ni le nombre et la nature des voies cataboliques empruntées, ni les motifs peptidiques marquant p53 pour sa dégradation ne sont connus. A notre connaissance, la seule information disponible concerne l'implication de l'enzyme El du cycle de l'ubiquitine dans certaines conditions expérimentales (Ciechanover et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 139-143, 1991 ; Chowdary et al., Molec. Cell. Biol. 14, 1997-2003, 1994). Par ailleurs, il a été montré que certains produits protéolytiques dérivés de p53 peuvent être présentés de manière antigénique.The wild-type p53 protein is subject to complex regulation which involves the control of its synthesis and catabolism as well as that of its intracellular localization and its post-translational modifications (see the journals cited above). The wild-type p53 protein is extremely unstable with a half-life of a few minutes. On the other hand, certain mutated proteins which accumulate at high level in tumors have a significantly extended half-life. Little has been clearly established regarding the degradation of p53. In fact, neither the intracellular degradation sites, nor the number and nature of the catabolic pathways used, nor the peptide motifs marking p53 for its degradation are known. To our knowledge, the only information available concerns the involvement of the enzyme E1 of the ubiquitin cycle under certain experimental conditions (Ciechanover et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 139-143, 1991; Chowdary et al., Molec. Cell. Biol. 14, 1997-2003, 1994). Furthermore, it has been shown that certain proteolytic products derived from p53 can be presented in an antigenic manner.
La présente invention résulte en partie de la mise en évidence que les protéines p53 sont des substrats pour des protéases dépendantes du calcium : les calpaïnes. Elle résulte plus particulièrement de !a démonstration que les protéines p53 sont dégradées spécifiquement par la m-calpaïne ou la μ-calpaïne. La présente invention constitue la première mise en évidence d'un mécanisme de régulation des niveaux cellulaires des protéines p53 et offre ainsi une nouvelle approche particulièrement efficace et spécifique pour moduler les niveaux de cette protéine dans des situations pathologiques telles que notamment certains cancers.The present invention results in part from the demonstration that the p53 proteins are substrates for calcium-dependent proteases: calpains. It more particularly results from the demonstration that the p53 proteins are specifically degraded by m-calpain or μ-calpain. The present invention constitutes the first demonstration of a mechanism for regulating the cellular levels of the p53 proteins and thus offers a new particularly effective and specific approach for modulating the levels of this protein in pathological situations such as in particular certain cancers.
En particulier, la présente invention décrit une nouvelle approche pour le traitement des cancers, basée sur l'utilisation de composés modulateurs de l'activité des calpaïnes sur les protéines p53, qui permettent soit d'activer la dégration de protéines p53 mutées, pour bloquer leur effet tumorigène et/ou pour augmenter la présentation de peptides immunogènes, soit de stabiliser la protéine p53 sauvage, pour contrebalancer l'effet tumorigène des protéines mutées exprimées dans les tumeurs et/ou pour induire l'apoptose des cellules tumorales.In particular, the present invention describes a new approach for the treatment of cancers, based on the use of compounds which modulate the activity of calpains on the p53 proteins, which make it possible either to activate the degradation of mutated p53 proteins, to block their tumorigenic effect and / or to increase the presentation of immunogenic peptides, ie to stabilize the wild-type p53 protein, to counterbalance the tumorigenic effect of mutated proteins expressed in tumors and / or to induce apoptosis of tumor cells.
Un premier objet de l'invention réside donc dans l'utilisation d'un composé capable de moduler l'activité de la calpaïne pour la préparation d'une composition pharmaceutique destinée au traitement des cancers.A first object of the invention therefore resides in the use of a compound capable of modulating the activity of calpain for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition intended for the treatment of cancers.
Les calpaïnes sont des enzymes ubiquitaires trouvées dans la plupart des cellules mammifères (pour revue, voir Croall et deMartino, Physiol. Rev., 71, 813-847, 1991). Elles sont essentiellement cytoplasmiques mais elles peuvent pénétrer dans le noyau à la faveur de la destruction de l'enveloppe nucléaire lors de la mitose ou à la suite de certains stimuli. Comme indiqué ci-avant, l'activité protéolytique des calpaïnes est dépendante de la présence de calcium.Calpains are ubiquitous enzymes found in most mammalian cells (for review, see Croall and deMartino, Physiol. Rev., 71, 813-847, 1991). They are essentially cytoplasmic but they can penetrate into the nucleus thanks to the destruction of the nuclear envelope during mitosis or following certain stimuli. As indicated above, the proteolytic activity of calpains is dependent on the presence of calcium.
Les composés capables de moduler l'activité de la calpaïne au sens de la présente invention peuvent être de plusieurs types.The compounds capable of modulating the activity of calpain within the meaning of the present invention can be of several types.
Il peut s'agir de composés capables d'inhiber l'activité de la calpaïne sur les protéines p53. Ces composés sont particulièrement avantageux puisqu'ils sont utilisables pour inhiber, au moins en partie, la dégradation de la protéine p53 sauvage. Ces composés permettent donc de stabiliser intracellulairement la protéine p53 sauvage et de contrebalancer l'effet des formes mutées. Parmi les composés inhibiteurs utilisables dans le cadre de l'invention on peut citer les inhibiteurs de protéases (leupeptine, aprotinine, PMSF, etc), les chélateurs du calcium (EGTA, EDTA, etc), ou des inhibiteurs plus spécifiques tels la calpastatine ou tout fragment ou dérivé de celle- ci. La calpastatine est un inhibiteur connu des calpaïnes. Sa séquence a été décrite dans l'art antérieur (SEQ ID n° 1). Un mode de réalisation particulièrement avantageux de la présente invention consiste à transférer dans les tumeurs un vecteur portant tout ou partie de la séquence codant pour la calpastatine. Cette approche est particulièrement adaptée au traitement des cancers présentant toujours un allèle p53 sauvage, tels que les carcinomes coliques ou bronchiques par exemple. Différents fragments ou dérivés de la calpastatine peuvent être utilisés dans le cadre de la présente invention. De tels fragments ou dérivés peuvent être toute molécule obtenue à partir de la séquence SEQ ID n° 1 par modification(s) de nature génétique et/ou chimique, conservant la capacité d'inhiber au moins en partie l'activité d'une calpaïne. Par modification de nature génétique et/ou chimique, on entend toute mutation, délétion, substitution, addition, et/ou modification d'un ou plusieurs nucléotides. De telles modifications peuvent être effectuées dans différents buts, et notamment celui de préparer des séquences adaptées à l'expression dans un type particulier de vecteur ou d'hôte, celui de réduire la taille de la séquence pour faciliter leur pénétration cellulaire, celui d'augmenter l'activité d'inhibition, ou, de manière particulièrement avantageuse, d'augmenter la sélectivité de l'inhibiteur vis-àvis de l'activité des calpaïnes sur la dégradation de la protéine p53 sauvage.They may be compounds capable of inhibiting the activity of calpain on the p53 proteins. These compounds are particularly advantageous since they can be used to inhibit, at least in part, the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein. These compounds therefore make it possible to intracellularly stabilize the wild-type p53 protein and to counterbalance the effect of the mutated forms. Among the inhibitor compounds which can be used in the context of the invention, there may be mentioned protease inhibitors (leupeptin, aprotinin, PMSF, etc.), calcium chelators (EGTA, EDTA, etc.), or more specific inhibitors such as calpastatin or any fragment or derivative thereof. Calpastatin is a known inhibitor of calpains. Its sequence has been described in the prior art (SEQ ID No. 1). A particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention consists in transferring into the tumors a vector carrying all or part of the sequence coding for calpastatin. This approach is particularly suitable for the treatment of cancers always presenting a wild p53 allele, such as colonic or bronchial carcinomas for example. Different fragments or derivatives of calpastatin can be used in the context of the present invention. Such fragments or derivatives can be any molecule obtained from the sequence SEQ ID No. 1 by modification (s) of genetic and / or chemical nature, retaining the capacity to inhibit at least in part the activity of a calpain . By modification of a genetic and / or chemical nature is meant any mutation, deletion, substitution, addition, and / or modification of one or more nucleotides. Such modifications can be carried out for different purposes, and in particular that of preparing suitable sequences to expression in a particular type of vector or host, that of reducing the size of the sequence to facilitate their cell penetration, that of increasing the inhibition activity, or, in a particularly advantageous manner, of increasing the selectivity of the inhibitor with respect to the activity of calpains on the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein.
De telles modifications peuvent être effectuées par exemple par mutagénèse in vitro, par introduction d'éléments additionnels ou de séquences synthétiques, ou par des délétions ou des substitutions des éléments originels. Lorsqu'un dérivé tel que défini ci-dessus est réalisé, son activité d'inhibiteur de l'activité des calpaïnes sur les protéines p53 peut être mise en évidence de plusieurs façons, et en particulier en mettant en présence ledit inhibiteur et les différentes formes de protéines p53, puis en détectant les produits de dégradation obtenus (voir exemples 1 à 3). Toute autre technique connue de l'homme de l'art peut bien évidemment être utilisée à cet effet.Such modifications can be made, for example, by in vitro mutagenesis, by introduction of additional elements or synthetic sequences, or by deletions or substitutions of the original elements. When a derivative as defined above is produced, its activity as an inhibitor of the activity of calpains on the p53 proteins can be demonstrated in several ways, and in particular by bringing said inhibitor and the various forms into contact of p53 proteins, then by detecting the degradation products obtained (see examples 1 to 3). Any other technique known to those skilled in the art can obviously be used for this purpose.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention, on utilise comme inhibiteur tout ou partie de la calpastatine, ou un acide nucléique codant pour tout ou partie de la calpastatine. Encore plus particulièrement, on utilise un peptide comprenant tout ou partie de la séquence SEQ ID n° 1 ou d'un dérivé de celle-ci.In a particular embodiment of the present invention, all or part of calpastatin is used as an inhibitor, or a nucleic acid coding for all or part of calpastatin. Even more particularly, a peptide is used comprising all or part of the sequence SEQ ID No. 1 or a derivative thereof.
Concernant plus spécifiquement les dérivés, on peut citer à titre d'exemple le composé de séquence SEQ ID n° 2, qui correspond à un fragment de la calpastatine. On utilise avantageusement tout dérivé composés de séquence SEQ ID n° 1 ou 2 capable d'inhiber spécifiquement ou préférentiellement la dégradation de la protéine p53 sauvage par la calpaïne.As regards the derivatives more specifically, mention may be made, by way of example, of the compound of sequence SEQ ID No. 2, which corresponds to a fragment of calpastatin. Advantageously, any derivative compound of sequence SEQ ID No. 1 or 2 capable of specifically or preferentially inhibiting the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein by calpain is used.
Les composés capables de moduler l'activité de la calpaïne sur les protéines p53 au sens de la présente invention peuvent également être des dérivé de la calpaïne capable de dégrader spécifiquement ou préférentiellement les protéines p53 mutées. De tels dérivés sont également très avantageux puisqu'ils permettent d'activer la dégration des protéines p53 mutées, pour bloquer leur effet tumorigène et/ou pour augmenter la présentation de peptides immunogènes, sans affecter de manière significative les niveaux cellulaires de protéine p53 sauvage. De tels dérivés peuvent être obtenus à partir de la calpaïne, par modification(s) structurales de nature génétique et/ou chimique. La capacité des dérivés ainsi obtenus de dégrader spécifiquement ou préférentiellement les protéines p453 mutées peut ensuite être mise en évidence comme décrit dans les exemples 1 à 3.. Préférentiellement, les modulateurs utilisés dans le cadre de l'invention sont des protéines ou polypeptides, ou des séquences d'acides nucléiques codant pour ces polypeptides ou protéines. Encore plus préférentiellement, les composés modulateurs sont des protéines ou polypeptides inhibiteurs spécifiques de l'activité de la calpaïne sur la protéine p53 sauvage ou des formes de calpaïnes, modifiées ou non, pour dégrader spécifiquement les protéines p53 mutées.The compounds capable of modulating the activity of calpain on the p53 proteins within the meaning of the present invention may also be derivatives of calpain capable of specifically or preferentially degrading the mutated p53 proteins. Such derivatives are also very advantageous since they make it possible to activate the degradation of the mutated p53 proteins, to block their tumorigenic effect and / or to increase the presentation of immunogenic peptides, without significantly affecting the cellular levels of wild-type p53 protein. Such derivatives can be obtained from calpain, by structural modification (s) of genetic and / or chemical nature. The capacity of the derivatives thus obtained to specifically or preferentially degrade the mutated p453 proteins can then be demonstrated as described in Examples 1 to 3. Preferably, the modulators used in the context of the invention are proteins or polypeptides, or nucleic acid sequences coding for these polypeptides or proteins. Even more preferably, the modulator compounds are proteins or polypeptides specific for inhibiting the activity of calpain on the wild-type p53 protein or forms of calpains, modified or not, for specifically degrading the mutated p53 proteins.
D'une manière particulièrement avantageuse, l'invention réside dans la possibilité de faire exprimer dans des cellules cancéreuses présentant à la fois un allèle p53 sauvage et un allèle p53 muté des séquences nucléiques codant pour des inhibiteurs de la calpaïne, comme la calpastatine ou partie de la calpastatine, ou des formes de calpaïnes, modifiées ou non, pour dégrader spécifiquement les protéines p53 mutées.In a particularly advantageous manner, the invention lies in the possibility of expressing, in cancer cells having both a wild-type p53 allele and a mutated p53 allele, nucleic sequences coding for calpain inhibitors, such as calpastatin or part calpastatin, or forms of calpains, modified or not, to specifically degrade mutated p53 proteins.
La séquence d'acides nucléiques utilisée dans le cadre de la présente invention peut être administrée telle quelle, sous forme d'ADN nu selon la technique décrite dans la demande WO 90/11092. Elle peut également être administrés sous forme complexée, par exemple avec du DEAE-dextran (Pagano et al., J.Virol. 1 (1967) 891), avec des protéines nucléaires (Kaneda et al., Science 243 (1989) 375), avec des lipidesThe nucleic acid sequence used in the context of the present invention can be administered as it is, in the form of naked DNA according to the technique described in application WO 90/11092. It can also be administered in complex form, for example with DEAE-dextran (Pagano et al., J. Virol. 1 (1967) 891), with nuclear proteins (Kaneda et al., Science 243 (1989) 375) , with lipids
(Felgner et al., PNAS 84 (1987) 7413), sous forme de liposomes (Fraley et al., J.BioI.Chem. 255 (1980) 10431), etc. Préférentiellement, la séquence utilisée dans le cadre de l'invention fait partie d'un vecteur. L'emploi d'un tel vecteur permet en effet d'améliorer l'administration de l'acide nucléique dans les cellules à traiter, et également d'augmenter sa stabilité dans lesdites cellules, ce qui permet d'obtenir un effet thérapeutique durable. De plus, il est possible d'introduire plusieurs séquences d'acide nucléique dans un même vecteur, ce qui augmente également l'efficacité du traitement.(Felgner et al., PNAS 84 (1987) 7413), in the form of liposomes (Fraley et al., J. BioI. Chem. 255 (1980) 10431), etc. Preferably, the sequence used in the context of the invention is part of a vector. The use of such a vector in fact makes it possible to improve the administration of the nucleic acid in the cells to be treated, and also to increase its stability in said cells, which makes it possible to obtain a lasting therapeutic effect. In addition, it is possible to introduce several nucleic acid sequences into the same vector, which also increases the effectiveness of the treatment.
Le vecteur utilisé peut être d'origine diverses, dès lors qu'il est capable de transformer les cellules animales, de préférence les cellules cancéreuses humaines.The vector used can be of various origins, since it is capable of transforming animal cells, preferably human cancer cells.
Dans un mode préféré de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, on utilise un vecteur viral, qui peut être choisi parmi les adénovirus, les rétrovirus, les virus adéno-associés (AAV) ou le virus de l'herpès.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a viral vector is used, which can be chosen from adenoviruses, retroviruses, adeno-associated viruses (AAV) or herpes virus.
A cet égard, la présente invention a également pour objet tout virus recombinant comprenant, inséré dans son génome, un acide nucléique codant pour un composé capable de moduler l'activité de la calpaïne. Préférentiellement, les virus utilisés dans le cadre de l'invention sont défectifs, c'est-à-dire qu'ils sont incapables de se répliquer de façon autonome dans la cellule infectée. Généralement, le génome des virus défectifs utilisés dans le cadre de la présente invention est donc dépourvu au moins des séquences nécessaires à la réplication dudit virus dans la cellule infectée. Ces régions peuvent être soit éliminées (en tout ou en partie), soit rendues non- fonctionnelles, soit substituées par d'autres séquences et notamment par la séquence codant pour le modulateur des calpaïnes. Préférentiellement, le virus défectif conserve néanmoins les séquences de son génome qui sont nécessaires à l'encapsidation des particules virales.In this regard, the present invention also relates to any recombinant virus comprising, inserted into its genome, a nucleic acid coding for a compound capable of modulating the activity of calpain. Preferably, viruses used in the context of the invention are defective, that is to say that they are unable to replicate autonomously in the infected cell. Generally, the genome of the defective viruses used in the context of the present invention is therefore devoid of at least the sequences necessary for the replication of said virus in the infected cell. These regions can be either eliminated (in whole or in part), or made non-functional, or substituted by other sequences and in particular by the sequence coding for the calpain modulator. Preferably, the defective virus nevertheless retains the sequences of its genome which are necessary for the packaging of the viral particles.
S'agissant plus particulièrement d'adénovirus, différents sérotypes, dont la structure et les propriétés varient quelque peu, ont été caractérisés. Parmi ces sérotypes, on préfère utiliser dans le cadre de la présente invention les adénovirus humains de type 2 ou 5 (Ad 2 ou Ad 5) ou les adénovirus d'origine animale (voir demande FR 93 05954). Parmi les adénovirus d'origine animale utilisables dans le cadre de la présente invention on peut citer les adénovirus d'origine canine, bovine, murine, (exemple : Mavl, Beard et al., Virology 75 (1990) 81), ovine, porcine, aviaire ou encore simienne (exemple : SAV). De préférence, l'adénovirus d'origine animale est un adénovirus canin, plus préférentiellement un adénovirus CAV2 [souche manhattan ou A26/61 (ATCC VR-800) par exemple]. De préférence, on utilise dans le cadre de l'invention des adénovirus d'origine humaine ou canine ou mixte.With regard more particularly to adenoviruses, various serotypes, whose structure and properties vary somewhat, have been characterized. Among these serotypes, it is preferred to use, within the framework of the present invention, human adenoviruses of type 2 or 5 (Ad 2 or Ad 5) or adenoviruses of animal origin (see application FR 93 05954). Among the adenoviruses of animal origin which can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made of adenoviruses of canine, bovine, murine origin (example: Mavl, Beard et al., Virology 75 (1990) 81), ovine, porcine , avian or even simian (example: after-sales service). Preferably, the adenovirus of animal origin is a canine adenovirus, more preferably a CAV2 adenovirus [Manhattan strain or A26 / 61 (ATCC VR-800) for example]. Preferably, in the context of the invention, adenoviruses of human or canine or mixed origin are used.
Préférentiellement, les adénovirus défectifs de l'invention comprenent les ITR, une séquence permettant l'encapsidation et la séquence codant pour le modulateur des calpaïnes. Encore plus préférentiellement, dans le génome des adénovirus de l'invention, le gène El et au moins l'un des gènes E2, E4, L1-L5 sont non fonctionnels. Le gène viral considéré peut être rendu non fonctionnel par toute technique connue de l'homme du métier, et notamment par suppression totale, substitution, délétion partielle, ou addition d'une ou plusieurs bases dans le ou les gènes considérés. De telles modifications peuvent être obtenues in vitro (sur de l'ADN isolé) ou in situ, par exemple, au moyens des techniques du génie génétique, ou encore par traitement au moyen d'agents mutagènes.Preferably, the defective adenoviruses of the invention comprise the ITRs, a sequence allowing the encapsidation and the sequence coding for the calpain modulator. Even more preferably, in the genome of the adenoviruses of the invention, the El gene and at least one of the E2, E4, L1-L5 genes are non-functional. The viral gene considered can be made non-functional by any technique known to those skilled in the art, and in particular by total suppression, substitution, partial deletion, or addition of one or more bases in the gene or genes considered. Such modifications can be obtained in vitro (on isolated DNA) or in situ, for example, by means of genetic engineering techniques, or by treatment with mutagenic agents.
Les adénovirus recombinants défectifs selon l'invention peuvent être préparés par toute technique connue de l'homme du métier (Levrero et al., Gène 101 (1991) 195, EP 185 573; Graham, EMBO J. 3 (1984) 2917). En particulier, ils peuvent être préparés par recombinaison homologue entre un adénovirus et un plasmide portant entre autre la séquence d'ADN codant pour le modulateur des calpaïnes. La recombinaison homologue se produit après co-transfection desdits adénovirus et plasmide dans une lignée cellulaire appropriée. La lignée cellulaire utilisée doit de préférence (i) être transformable par lesdits éléments, et (ii), comporter les séquences capables de complémenter la partie du génome de l'adénovirus défectif, de préférence sous forme intégrée pour éviter les risques de recombinaison. A titre d'exemple de lignée, on peut mentionner la lignée de rein embryonnaire humain 293 (Graham et al., J. Gen. Virol. 36 (1977) 59) qui contient notamment, intégrée dans son génome, la partie gauche du génome d'un adénovirus Ad5 (12 %). Des stratégies de construction de vecteurs dérivés des adénovirus ont également été décrites dans les demandes n° FR 93 05954 et FR 93 08596.The defective recombinant adenoviruses according to the invention can be prepared by any technique known to those skilled in the art (Levrero et al., Gene 101 (1991) 195, EP 185 573; Graham, EMBO J. 3 (1984) 2917). In particular, they can be prepared by homologous recombination between an adenovirus and a plasmid carrying among others the DNA sequence coding for the calpain modulator. Homologous recombination occurs after co-transfection of said adenovirus and plasmid in an appropriate cell line. The cell line used must preferably (i) be transformable by said elements, and (ii), contain the sequences capable of complementing the part of the genome of the defective adenovirus, preferably in integrated form to avoid the risks of recombination. As an example of a line, mention may be made of the human embryonic kidney line 293 (Graham et al., J. Gen. Virol. 36 (1977) 59) which contains in particular, integrated into its genome, the left part of the genome an Ad5 adenovirus (12%). Strategies for the construction of vectors derived from adenoviruses have also been described in applications Nos. FR 93 05954 and FR 93 08596.
Ensuite, les adénovirus qui se sont multipliés sont récupérés et purifiés selon les techniques classiques de biologie moléculaire, comme illustré dans les exemples.Then, the adenoviruses which have multiplied are recovered and purified according to conventional techniques of molecular biology, as illustrated in the examples.
Concernant les virus adéno-associés (AAV), il s'agit de virus à ADN de taille relativement réduite, qui s'intègrent dans le génome des cellules qu'ils infectent, de manière stable et site-spécifique. Ils sont capables d'infecter un large spectre de cellules, sans induire d'effet sur la croissance, la morphologie ou la différenciation cellulaires. Par ailleurs, ils ne semblent pas impliqués dans des pathologies chez l'homme. Le génome des AAV a été clone, séquence et caractérisé. Il comprend environ 4700 bases, et contient à chaque extrémité une région répétée inversée (ITR) de 145 bases environ, servant d'origine de réplication pour le virus. Le reste du génome est divisé en 2 régions essentielles portant les fonctions d'encapsidation : la partie gauche du génome, qui contient le gène rep impliqué dans la réplication virale et l'expression des gènes viraux; la partie droite du génome, qui contient le gène cap codant pour les protéines de capside du virus.Concerning adeno-associated viruses (AAV), these are DNA viruses of relatively small size, which integrate into the genome of the cells they infect, in a stable and site-specific manner. They are capable of infecting a broad spectrum of cells, without inducing an effect on cell growth, morphology or differentiation. Furthermore, they do not seem to be involved in pathologies in humans. The AAV genome has been cloned, sequenced and characterized. It comprises approximately 4,700 bases, and contains at each end an inverted repeat region (ITR) of approximately 145 bases, serving as an origin of replication for the virus. The rest of the genome is divided into 2 essential regions carrying the packaging functions: the left part of the genome, which contains the rep gene involved in viral replication and the expression of viral genes; the right part of the genome, which contains the cap gene coding for the capsid proteins of the virus.
L'utilisation de vecteurs dérivés des AAV pour le transfert de gènes in vitro et in vivo a été décrite dans la littérature (voir notamment WO 91/18088; WO 93/09239; US 4,797,368, US5,139,941, EP 488 528). Ces demandes décrivent différentes constructions dérivées des AAV, dans lesquelles les gènes rep et/ou cap sont délétés et remplacés par un gène d'intérêt, et leur utilisation pour transférer in vitro (sur cellules en culture) ou in vivo (directement dans un organisme) ledit gène d'intérêt. Les AAV recombinants défectifs selon l'invention peuvent être préparés par co-transfection, dans un lignée cellulaire infectée par un virus . auxiliaire humain (par exemple un adénovirus), d'un plasmide contenant la séquence codant pour le modulateur des calpaïnes bordé de deux régions répétées inversées (ITR) d'AAV, et d'un plasmide portant les gènes d'encapsidation (gènes rep et cap) d'AAV. Les AAV recombinants produits sont ensuite purifiés par des techniques classiques.The use of vectors derived from AAVs for gene transfer in vitro and in vivo has been described in the literature (see in particular WO 91/18088; WO 93/09239; US 4,797,368, US 5,139,941, EP 488,528). These applications describe various constructs derived from AAVs, in which the rep and / or cap genes are deleted and replaced by a gene of interest, and their use for transferring in vitro (onto cells in culture) or in vivo (directly into an organism ) said gene of interest. The defective recombinant AAVs according to the invention can be prepared by co-transfection, in a cell line infected with a virus. human helper (for example an adenovirus), of a plasmid containing the sequence coding for the modulator of calpains bordered by two inverted repeat regions (ITR) of AAV, and of a plasmid carrying the packaging genes (rep and cap genes) of AAV. The recombinant AAVs produced are then purified by conventional techniques.
Concernant les virus de l'herpès et les retrovirus, la construction de vecteurs recombinants a été largement décrite dans la littérature : voir notamment Breakfield et al., New Biologist 3 (1991) 203; EP 453242, EP178220, Bernstein et al. Genêt. Eng. 7 (1985) 235; McCormick, BioTechnology 3 (1985) 689, etc.Concerning herpes viruses and retroviruses, the construction of recombinant vectors has been widely described in the literature: see in particular Breakfield et al., New Biologist 3 (1991) 203; EP 453242, EP178220, Bernstein et al. Broom. Eng. 7 (1985) 235; McCormick, BioTechnology 3 (1985) 689, etc.
Pour la mise en oeuvre de la présente invention, il est tout particulièrement avantageux d'utiliser un adénovirus ou un retrovirus recombinant défectif. Ces vecteurs possèdent en effet des propriétés particulièrement intéressantes pour le transfert de gènes dans les cellules tumorales.For the implementation of the present invention, it is very particularly advantageous to use a defective recombinant adenovirus or retrovirus. These vectors indeed have properties which are particularly advantageous for the transfer of genes into tumor cells.
Avantageusement, dans les vecteurs de l'invention, la séquence codant pour le modulateur des calpaïnes est placée sous le contrôle de signaux permettant son expression dans les cellules tumorales. Préférentiellement, il s'agit de signaux d'expression hétérologues, c'est-à-dire de signaux différents de ceux naturellement responsables de l'expression du modulateur. Il peut s'agir en particulier de séquences responsables de l'expression d'autres protéines, ou de séquences synthétiques. Notamment, il peut s'agir de séquences promotrices de gènes eucaryotes ou viraux. Par exemple, il peut s'agir de séquences promotrices issues du génome de la cellule que l'on désire infecter. De même, il peut s'agir de séquences promotrices issues du génome d'un virus, y compris du virus utilisé. A cet égard, on peut citer par exemple les promoteurs El A, MLP, CMV, LTR-RSV, etc. En outre, ces séquences d'expression peuvent être modifiées par addition de séquences d'activation, de régulation, ou permettant une expression tissu-spécifique. Il peut en effet être particulièrement intéressant d'utiliser des signaux d'expression actifs spécifiquement ou majoritairement dans les cellules tumorales, de manière à ce que la séquence d'ADN ne soit exprimée et ne produise son effet que lorsque le virus a effectivement infecté une cellule tumorale.Advantageously, in the vectors of the invention, the sequence coding for the calpain modulator is placed under the control of signals allowing its expression in tumor cells. Preferably, these are heterologous expression signals, that is to say signals different from those naturally responsible for the expression of the modulator. They may in particular be sequences responsible for the expression of other proteins, or synthetic sequences. In particular, they may be promoter sequences of eukaryotic or viral genes. For example, they may be promoter sequences originating from the genome of the cell which it is desired to infect. Likewise, they may be promoter sequences originating from the genome of a virus, including the virus used. In this regard, mention may be made, for example, of promoters El A, MLP, CMV, LTR-RSV, etc. In addition, these expression sequences can be modified by adding activation, regulation sequences or allowing tissue-specific expression. It may in fact be particularly advantageous to use expression signals which are active specifically or mainly in tumor cells, so that the DNA sequence is not expressed and does not produce its effect until the virus has effectively infected a tumor cell.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, l'invention concerne un virus recombinant défectif comprenant une séquence d'ADNc codant pour un modulateur des calpaïnes sous le contrôle d'un promoteur viral, choisi de préférence parmi le LTR- RSV et le promoteur CMV. Toujours dans un mode préféré, l'invention concerne un virus recombinant défectif comprenant une séquence d'ADN codant pour un modulateur des calpaïnes sous le contrôle d'un promoteur permettant une expression majoritaire dans les cellules tumorales. L'expression est considérée comme majoritaire au sens de l'invention lorsque, même si une expression résiduelle est observée dans d'autres types cellulaires, les niveaux d'expression sont supérieurs dans les cellules tumorales.In a particular embodiment, the invention relates to a defective recombinant virus comprising a cDNA sequence coding for a calpain modulator under the control of a viral promoter, preferably chosen from LTR-RSV and the CMV promoter. Still in a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a defective recombinant virus comprising a DNA sequence coding for a calpain modulator under the control of a promoter allowing predominant expression in tumor cells. Expression is considered to be predominant within the meaning of the invention when, even if residual expression is observed in other cell types, the expression levels are higher in tumor cells.
La présente invention concerne également toute composition pharmaceutique comprenant un ou plusieurs virus recombinants défectifs tels que décrits précédemment. Ces compositions pharmaceutiques peuvent être formulées en vue d'administrations par voie topique, orale, parentérale, intranasale, intraveineuse, intramusculaire, sous-cutanée, intraoculaire, transdermique, etc. De préférence, les compositions pharmaceutiques de l'invention contiennent un véhicule pharmaceu- tiquement acceptable pour une formulation injectable, notamment pour une injection directe dans la tumeur du patient. Il peut s'agir en particulier de solutions stériles, isotoniques, ou de compositions sèches, notamment lyophilisées, qui, par addition selon le cas d'eau stérilisée ou de sérum physiologique, permettent la constitution de solutés injectables. L'injection directe dans la tumeur du patient est avantageuse car elle permet de concentrer l'effet thérapeutique au niveau des tissus affectés.The present invention also relates to any pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more defective recombinant viruses as described above. These pharmaceutical compositions can be formulated for topical, oral, parenteral, intranasal, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraocular, transdermal, etc. administration. Preferably, the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention contain a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle for an injectable formulation, especially for direct injection into the patient's tumor. They may in particular be sterile, isotonic solutions, or dry compositions, in particular lyophilized, which, by addition as appropriate of sterilized water or physiological saline, allow the constitution of injectable solutes. Direct injection into the patient's tumor is advantageous because it allows the therapeutic effect to be concentrated in the affected tissues.
Les doses de virus recombinant défectif utilisées pour l'injection peuvent être adaptées en fonction de différents paramètres, et notamment en fonction du vecteur viral, du mode d'administration utilisé, de la pathologie concernée ou encore de la durée du traitement recherchée. D'une manière générale, les adénovirus recombinants selon l'invention sont formulés et administrés sous forme de doses comprises entre 10"^ et lθ!4 pfu/ml, et de préférence 10^ à 10^ pfu/ml. Le terme pfu ("plaque forming unit") correspond au pouvoir infectieux d'une solution de virus, et est déterminé par infection d'une culture cellulaire appropriée, et mesure, généralement après 48 heures, du nombre de plages de cellules infectées. Les techniques de détermination du titre pfu d'une solution virale sont bien documentées dans la littérature. Concernant les retrovirus, les compositions selon l'invention peuvent comporter directement les cellules productrices, en vue de leur implantation.The doses of defective recombinant virus used for injection can be adapted as a function of various parameters, and in particular as a function of the viral vector, of the mode of administration used, of the pathology concerned or also of the duration of the treatment sought. In general, the recombinant adenoviruses according to the invention are formulated and administered in the form of doses of between 10 ^ and 10θ 4 pfu / ml, and preferably 10 à to 10 p pfu / ml. The term pfu ( "plaque forming unit") corresponds to the infectious power of a virus solution, and is determined by infection of an appropriate cell culture, and measures, generally after 48 hours, the number of plaques of infected cells. pfu titer of a viral solution are well documented in the literature Concerning retroviruses, the compositions according to the invention can directly comprise the producer cells, with a view to their implantation.
La présente invention est particulièrement adaptée au traitement des cancers dans lesquels des formes mutées de p53 sont observées. Plus spécifiquement, la présente invention est particulièrement avantageuse pour le traitement des cancers dans lesquels les allèles sauvage et mutés de p53 sont présents. De tels canccers sont notamment les cancers colorectaux, les cancers du sein, les cancers du poumon, les cancers gastriques, les cancers de l'oesophage, les lymphômes B, les cancers ovariens, les cancers de la vessie, etc.The present invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of cancers in which mutated forms of p53 are observed. More specifically, the The present invention is particularly advantageous for the treatment of cancers in which the wild and mutated alleles of p53 are present. Such canccers are in particular colorectal cancers, breast cancers, lung cancers, gastric cancers, esophageal cancers, B lymphomas, ovarian cancers, bladder cancers, etc.
La présente invention sera plus complètement décrite à l'aide des exemples qui suivent, qui doivent être considérés comme illustratifs et non limitatifs.The present invention will be more fully described with the aid of the following examples, which should be considered as illustrative and not limiting.
Légende des figuresLegend of figures
Figure 1 : Etude de la régulation de la protéine p53 par la calpaïne. La réaction est effectuée dans un volume final de 30 μl, dont 1 provenant du mélange de traduction, ligne 1 : T0; ligne 2 : 30 min en présence de ImM Calcium + 20 μg ml Calpaïne; ligne 4 : 30 min en présence de ImM Calcium + 20 μg/ml Calpaïne + 0,5 mg/ml calpastatine; ligne 5 : 30 min en présence de ImM Calcium + 20 μg/ml Calpaïne + lOmM EGTA; ligne 6 : PBS; ligne 7 : PBS + calcium; ligne 8 : PBS + calpastatine.Figure 1: Study of the regulation of the p53 protein by calpain. The reaction is carried out in a final volume of 30 μl, including 1 coming from the translation mixture, line 1: T0; line 2: 30 min in the presence of ImM Calcium + 20 μg ml Calpain; line 4: 30 min in the presence of ImM Calcium + 20 μg / ml Calpain + 0.5 mg / ml calpastatin; line 5: 30 min in the presence of ImM Calcium + 20 μg / ml Calpain + 10 mM EGTA; lane 6: PBS; lane 7: PBS + calcium; line 8: PBS + calpastatin.
Techniques générales de biologie moléculaireGeneral molecular biology techniques
Les méthodes classiquement utilisées en biologie moléculaire telles que les extractions préparatives d'ADN plasmidique, la centrifugation d'ADN plasmidique en gradient de chlorure de césium, l'électrophorèse sur gels d'agarose ou d'acrylamide, la purification de fragments d'ADN par électroélution, les extraction de protéines au phénol ou au phénol-chloroforme, la précipitation d'ADN en milieu salin par de l'éthanol ou de l'isopropanol, la transformation dans Escherichia coli, etc ... sont bien connues de l'homme de métier et sont abondament décrites dans la littérature [Maniatis T. et al., "Molecular Cloning, a Laboratory Manual", Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1982; Ausubel F.M. et al. (eds), "Current Protocols in Molecular Biology", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1987].Methods conventionally used in molecular biology such as preparative extractions of plasmid DNA, centrifugation of plasmid DNA in cesium chloride gradient, electrophoresis on agarose or acrylamide gels, purification of DNA fragments by electroelution, the extraction of proteins with phenol or phenol-chloroform, the precipitation of DNA in a saline medium with ethanol or isopropanol, the transformation in Escherichia coli, etc. are well known in the art. skilled in the art and are abundantly described in the literature [Maniatis T. et al., "Molecular Cloning, a Laboratory Manual", Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 1982; Ausubel F.M. et al. (eds), "Current Protocols in Molecular Biology", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1987].
Les plasmides de type pBR322, pUC et les phages de la série M13 sont d'origine commerciale (Bethesda Research Laboratories).The pBR322, pUC and phage plasmids of the M13 series are of commercial origin (Bethesda Research Laboratories).
Pour les ligatures, les fragments d'ADN peuvent être séparés selon leur taille par électrophorèse en gels d'agarose ou d'acrylamide, extraits au phénol ou par un mélange phénol/chloroforme, précipités à l'éthanol puis incubés en présence de l'ADN ligase du phage T4 (Biolabs) selon les recommandations du fournisseur. Le remplissage des extrémités 5' proéminentes peut être effectué par le fragment de Klenow de l'ADN Polymérase I d'E. coli (Biolabs) selon les spécifications du fournisseur. La destruction des extrémités 3' proéminentes est effectuée en présence de l'ADN Polymérase du phage T4 (Biolabs) utilisée selon les recommandations du fabricant. La destruction des extrémités 5' proéminentes est effectuée par un traitement ménagé par la nucléase SI.For the ligations, the DNA fragments can be separated according to their size by electrophoresis in agarose or acrylamide gels, extracted with phenol or with a phenol / chloroform mixture, precipitated with ethanol and then incubated in the presence of the DNA ligase from phage T4 (Biolabs) according to the supplier's recommendations. The filling of the protruding 5 ′ ends can be carried out by the Klenow fragment of DNA Polymerase I of E. coli (Biolabs) according to the supplier's specifications. The destruction of the protruding 3 ′ ends is carried out in the presence of the DNA polymerase of phage T4 (Biolabs) used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The destruction of the protruding 5 ′ ends is carried out by gentle treatment with nuclease SI.
La mutagénèse dirigée in vitro par oligodéoxynucléotides synthétiques peut être effectuée selon la méthode développée par Taylor et al. [Nucleic Acids Res. 13. (1985) 8749-8764] en utilisant le kit distribué par Amersham. L'amplification enzymatique de fragments d'ADN par la technique dite deMutagenesis directed in vitro by synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides can be carried out according to the method developed by Taylor et al. [Nucleic Acids Res. 13 . (1985) 8749-8764] using the kit distributed by Amersham. The enzymatic amplification of DNA fragments by the technique known as
PCR [Polymérase-catalyzed Chain Reaction, Saiki R.K. et al., Science 230 (1985) 1350-1354; Mullis K.B. et Faloona F.A., Meth. Enzym. 155 (1987) 335-350] peut être effectuée en utilisant un "DNA thermal cycler" (Perkin Elmer Cetus) selon les spécifications du fabricant. La vérification des séquences nucléotidiques peut être effectuée par la méthode développée par Sanger et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 74 (1977) 5463- 5467] en utilisant le kit distribué par Amersham.PCR [Polymerase-catalyzed Chain Reaction, Saiki R.K. et al., Science 230 (1985) 1350-1354; Mullis K.B. and Faloona F.A., Meth. Enzym. 155 (1987) 335-350] can be performed using a "DNA thermal cycler" (Perkin Elmer Cetus) according to the manufacturer's specifications. Verification of the nucleotide sequences can be carried out by the method developed by Sanger et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 74 (1977) 5463-5477] using the kit distributed by Amersham.
ExemplesExamples
Exemple 1Example 1
Cet exemple montre que l'addition de m-calpaïne au lysat de réticulocyte de lapin induit la dégradation de la protéine p53 sauvage ainsi que celle de certaines formes mutées. Cet exemple montre également que des inhibiteurs des calpaïnes sont capables d'inhiber la dégradation de p53 et donc de moduler l'activité de cette protéine.This example shows that the addition of m-calpain to the rabbit reticulocyte lysate induces the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein as well as that of certain mutated forms. This example also shows that inhibitors of calpains are capable of inhibiting the degradation of p53 and therefore of modulating the activity of this protein.
1.1. Mise en évidence de la dégradation: Les protéines p53 sauvages de souris et d'homme ainsi que diverses protéines p53 mutées (protéines humaines C273, H273, H175, 1247) ont été traduites dans le lysat de réticulocyte de lapin. Les protéines ainsi obtenues sont résistantes à toute dégradation, même en présence de haute concentration de calcium (co-facteur indispensable des calpaïnes). L'addition de m- calpaïne de boeuf (Sigma) au lysat de réticulocyte en présence de calcium a entrainé la disparition rapide des protéines néo-synthétisées et l'apparition de fragments protéolytiques résolvables par électrophorèse. La résistance à la dégradation d'autres protéines comme la dihydrofolate reductase ou la glycéraldéhyde-3 -phosphate deshydrogénase dans les mêmes conditions expérimentales indique la spécificité de substrat de la réaction.1.1. Demonstration of degradation: Wild p53 proteins from mice and humans as well as various mutated p53 proteins (human proteins C273, H273, H175, 1247) have been translated into the rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The proteins thus obtained are resistant to any degradation, even in the presence of high concentration of calcium (essential co-factor of calpains). The addition of beef m-calpain (Sigma) to the reticulocyte lysate in the presence of calcium led to the rapid disappearance of the neo-synthesized proteins and the appearance of proteolytic fragments which can be resolved by electrophoresis. Resistance to degradation of other proteins such as dihydrofolate reductase or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase under the same experimental conditions indicates the specificity of the reaction substrate.
1.2. Utilisation d'inhibiteurs de calpaïne pour moduler les niveaux de protéines p53 : Dans l'exemple 1.1. ci-dessus, il a été montré que l'addition de m-calpaïne induisait une dégradation des protéines p53. Dans cet exemple, en plus de m-calpaïne, différents composés ont été introduits au milieu pour tester leur capacité d'inhiber l'activité de la calpaïne. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l'addition d'un chélateur du calcium (l'EGTA) ainsi que d'un peptide inhibiteur spécifique des calpaïnes (dérivé d'un inhibiteur physiologique, la calpastatine ; Maki et al., J. Biol. Chem., 254, 18866- 18869, 1989) sont capables d"inhiber de la dégradation des protéines p53 induite par la calpaïne exogène.1.2. Use of calpain inhibitors to modulate the levels of p53 proteins: In Example 1.1. above, the addition of m-calpain has been shown to induce degradation of the p53 proteins. In this example, in addition to m-calpain, various compounds were introduced into the medium to test their capacity to inhibit the activity of calpain. The results obtained show that the addition of a calcium chelator (EGTA) as well as a specific inhibitor peptide of calpains (derived from a physiological inhibitor, calpastatin; Maki et al., J. Biol. Chem ., 254, 18866-18869, 1989) are capable of inhibiting the degradation of p53 proteins induced by exogenous calpain.
Exemple 2Example 2
Dans l'exemple précédent, il a été montré que l'addition de calpaïne exogène à une solution de protéines p53 entrainait leur dégradation. Cet exemple montre que la dégradation de la protéine p53 sauvage ainsi que celle de certaines formes mutées peut être induite par les calpaïnes endogènes dans des extraits cytoplasmiques. Cet exemple montre également que des inhibiteurs des calpaïnes sont capables, en présence de calpaine endogène, d'inhiber la dégradation de p53 et donc de moduler l'activité de cette protéine.In the previous example, it was shown that the addition of exogenous calpain to a solution of p53 proteins caused their degradation. This example shows that the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein as well as that of certain mutated forms can be induced by endogenous calpains in cytoplasmic extracts. This example also shows that inhibitors of calpains are capable, in the presence of endogenous calpain, of inhibiting the degradation of p53 and therefore of modulating the activity of this protein.
2.1. Dégradation par les calpaïnes endogènes : Les protéines p53 sauvages de souris et d'homme, ainsi que certaines formes mutées (Cf exemple 1) ont été traduites dans le lysat de réticulocyte puis ont été incubées en présence d'extraits cytoplasmiques de cellules lymphoblastoïdes humaines Daudi ou Jurkat. Les extraits cytoplasmiques ont été préparés de la manière suivante : Les cellules (accessibles à l'ATCC) ont été cultivées dans du milieu DMEM supplémenté de 10% de sérum de veau fétal. Les cellules ont ensuite été récoltées, lavées dans un tampon PBS, puis incubées 5 min dans un tampon de lyse hypotonique sans détergent (HEPES 20 mM pH 7,5; KOAc 10 mM; MgOAc 1,5 mM; 2ml pour 5.108 cellules). La lyse a été complété en utilisant un homogénéiseur Dounce, puis vérifiée sous microscope. Les noyaux ont ensuite été éliminés par centrifugation à 2000 g pendant 5 min, et les surnageants ont été centrifugés à 10 000g pendant 1 heure (Beckman SW60). Les extraits cytoplasmiques ont ensuite été aliquotés à raison de 5 à 12 mg/ml. Lorsque le lysat de réticulocutes a été incubé en présence d'extraits cytoplasmiques, en l'absence de calcium, aucune dégradation n'a été observée. Par contre, en présence de calcium, une dégradation très rapide des protéines p53 a été observée, avec apparition d'un profil de produits protéolytiques caractéristique proche de celui obtenu dans l'exemple 1. Cet expérience montre bien que les protéines p53 sont dégradées par les calpaïnes endogènes.2.1. Degradation by endogenous calpains: Wild p53 proteins from mice and humans, as well as certain mutated forms (cf. example 1) were translated into the reticulocyte lysate and then were incubated in the presence of cytoplasmic extracts of Daudi human lymphoblastoid cells. or Jurkat. The cytoplasmic extracts were prepared as follows: The cells (accessible to ATCC) were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. The cells were then harvested, washed in PBS buffer, then incubated for 5 min in hypotonic lysis buffer without detergent (HEPES 20 mM pH 7.5; KOAc 10 mM; MgOAc 1.5 mM; 2 ml for 5.10 8 cells) . The lysis was completed using a Dounce homogenizer, then verified under a microscope. The nuclei were then removed by centrifugation at 2000 g for 5 min, and the supernatants were centrifuged at 10,000 g for 1 hour (Beckman SW60). The cytoplasmic extracts were then aliquoted at 5 to 12 mg / ml. When the reticulocute lysate was incubated in the presence of cytoplasmic extracts, in the absence of calcium, no degradation was observed. On the other hand, in the presence of calcium, a very rapid degradation of the p53 proteins was observed, with the appearance of a characteristic proteolytic product profile close to that obtained in Example 1. This experiment clearly shows that the p53 proteins are degraded by endogenous calpains.
2.2. Utilisation d'inhibiteurs de calpaïne pour moduler les niveaux de protéines p53 : La chélation du calcium par l'EGTA, ainsi que l'utilisation de toute une gamme d'inhibiteurs de protéases (leupeptin, aprotinin, soybean trypsin inhibitor et PMSF) et surtout le peptide calpastatine montrent que la dégradation de ces protéines est sous la dépendance des calpaïnes de l'extrait cytoplasmique, et que différents composés capables de moduler l'activité des calpaïnes peuvent être utilisés pour réguler les niveaux de protéine p53.2.2. Use of calpain inhibitors to modulate p53 protein levels: Calcium chelation by EGTA, as well as the use of a whole range of protease inhibitors (leupeptin, aprotinin, soybean trypsin inhibitor and PMSF) and above all the peptide calpastatin show that the degradation of these proteins is dependent on the calpains of the cytoplasmic extract, and that various compounds capable of modulating the activity of calpains can be used to regulate the levels of protein p53.
Exemple 3Example 3
Cet exemple démontre que les protéines p53 sauvages de souris et d'homme sont des substrats directs pour les calpaïnes dans les extraits cytoplasmiques.This example demonstrates that wild mouse and human p53 proteins are direct substrates for calpains in cytoplasmic extracts.
Les exemples 1 et 2 montrent que les calpaïnes peuvent induire la dégradation de- p53 dans des mélanges reactionnels complexes. Ces expériences n'excluent cependant pas que dans les conditions utilisées les calpaïnes activent des protéases secondaires qui sont celles qui agissent véritablement sur p53. Dans cet exemple, l'expérience suivante a été conduite : (1) les protéines p53 sauvages de souris et d'homme néo-synthétisées dans le lysat de réticulocyte de lapin ont été incubées pendant 30 minutes en présence d'extrait cytoplasmique de cellules Daudi ainsi qu'en présence de calcium pour activer les calpaïnes comme dans l'exemple 2, (2) de la protéine p53 a alors été rajoutée au mélange réactionnel et la réaction a été poursuivie 30 minutes dans des conditions permissives (mêmes conditions réactionnelles) ou non (addition soit d'EGTA pour chélater le calcium, soit de peptide calpastatine) pour les calpaïnes. En présence de calcium, la protéine p53 nouvellement ajoutée est complètement dégradée indiquant que l'activité protéase est fonctionnelle tout le temps de l'expérience. Quand les calpaïnes sont inhibées par la présence d'EGTA ou, plus significativement, du peptide calpastatin, la protéine p53 nouvellement ajoutée n'est par contre plus dégradée. Cette dernière observation exclut donc la possibilité que dans la première partie de l'expérience les calpaïnes aient induit une seconde protéase responsable de la dégradation de p53 (figure 1).Examples 1 and 2 show that calpains can induce the degradation of p53 in complex reaction mixtures. These experiments do not however exclude that under the conditions used the calpains activate secondary proteases which are those which really act on p53. In this example, the following experiment was carried out: (1) the wild-type p53 proteins of mice and of humans neo-synthesized in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate were incubated for 30 minutes in the presence of cytoplasmic extract of Daudi cells as well as in the presence of calcium to activate the calpains as in Example 2, (2) of the protein p53 was then added to the reaction mixture and the reaction was continued for 30 minutes under permissive conditions (same reaction conditions) or no (addition of either EGTA to chelate calcium, or of peptide calpastatin) for calpains. In the presence of calcium, the newly added p53 protein is completely degraded indicating that the protease activity is functional all the time of the experiment. When calpains are inhibited by the presence of EGTA or, more significantly, of the peptide calpastatin, the newly added p53 protein is no longer degraded. This last observation therefore excludes the possibility that in the first part of the experiment the calpains induced a second protease responsible for the degradation of p53 (FIG. 1).
Exemple 4Example 4
Cet exemple décrit la construction d'un adénovirus recombinant comportant une séquence d'acides nucléiques codant pour la calpastatine. Cet adénovirus est construit par recombinaison homologue entre l'adénovirus défectif Ad-dll324 et un plasmide portant la séquence SEQ ID n° 1 sous contrôle du promoteur RSV.This example describes the construction of a recombinant adenovirus comprising a nucleic acid sequence coding for calpastatin. This adenovirus is constructed by homologous recombination between the defective adenovirus Ad-dll324 and a plasmid carrying the sequence SEQ ID No. 1 under the control of the RSV promoter.
4.1. Construction du plasmide SEQ ID n° 14.1. Construction of the plasmid SEQ ID n ° 1
Le plasmide SEQ ID n° 1 comporte la séquence codant pour la calpastatine sous le contrôle du promoteur LTR-RSV, ainsi que des régions de l'adénovirus permettant la recombinaison homologue. Il est construit par insertion de la séquenceThe plasmid SEQ ID No. 1 comprises the sequence coding for calpastatin under the control of the LTR-RSV promoter, as well as regions of the adenovirus allowing homologous recombination. It is constructed by inserting the sequence
SEQ ID n° 1 dans le plasmide pAd.RSVβgal. Le plasmide pAd.RSVβGal contient, dans l'orientation 5'->3',SEQ ID No. 1 in the plasmid pAd.RSVβgal. The plasmid pAd.RSVβGal contains, in the orientation 5 '-> 3',
- le fragment PvuII correspondant à l'extrémité gauche de l'adénovirus Ad5 comprenant : la séquence ITR, l'origine de réplication, les signaux d'encapsidation et l'amplificateur E1A;- the PvuII fragment corresponding to the left end of the Ad5 adenovirus comprising: the ITR sequence, the origin of replication, the packaging signals and the E1A amplifier;
- le gène codant pour la β-galactosidase sous le contrôle du promoteur RSV (du virus du sarcome de Rous),- the gene coding for β-galactosidase under the control of the RSV promoter (from Rous sarcoma virus),
- un second fragment du génome de l'adénovirus Ad5, qui permet la recombinaison homologue entre le plasmide pAd.RSVβGal et l'adénovirus dl324. Le plasmide pAd.RSVβGal a été décrit par Stratford-Perricaudet et al. (J. Clin. Invest. 90 (1992) 626).- A second fragment of the genome of the Ad5 adenovirus, which allows homologous recombination between the plasmid pAd.RSVβGal and the adenovirus dl324. The plasmid pAd.RSVβGal has been described by Stratford-Perricaudet et al. (J. Clin. Invest. 90 (1992) 626).
4.2. Construction de l'adénovirus recombinant Le vecteur décrit en 4.1. est linéarisé et cotransfecté avec un vecteur adénoviral déficient, dans les cellules helper (lignée 293) apportant en trans les fonctions codées par les régions El (El A et E11B) d'adénovirus.4.2. Construction of the recombinant adenovirus The vector described in 4.1. is linearized and cotransfected with a deficient adenoviral vector, in helper cells (line 293) providing in trans the functions encoded by the El regions (El A and E11B) of adenovirus.
Plus précisément, l'adénovirus recombinant est obtenu par recombinaison homologue in vivo entre l'adénovirus mutant Ad-dll324 (Thimmappaya et al., Cell 31 (1982) 543) et le vecteur décrit dans l'exemple 4.1., selon le protocole suivant : le plasmide SEQ ID n° 1 et l'adénovirus Ad-dll324, linéarisé par l'enzyme Clal, sont co-transfectés dans la lignée 293 en présence de phosphate de calcium, pour permettre la recombinaison homologue. Les adénovirus recombinants ainsi générés sont ensuite sélectionnés par purification sur plaque. Après isolement, l'ADN de l'adénovirus recombinant est amplifié dans la lignée cellulaire 293, ce qui conduit à un surnageant de culture contenant l'adénovirus défectif recombinant non purifié ayant un titre d'environ 10*0 pfu ml.More specifically, the recombinant adenovirus is obtained by homologous in vivo recombination between the mutant adenovirus Ad-dll324 (Thimmappaya et al., Cell 31 (1982) 543) and the vector described in Example 4.1., According to the following protocol : the plasmid SEQ ID No. 1 and the adenovirus Ad-dll324, linearized by the enzyme Clal, are co-transfected in line 293 in the presence of calcium phosphate, to allow homologous recombination. The recombinant adenoviruses thus generated are then selected by purification on a plate. After isolation, the DNA of the recombinant adenovirus is amplified in the cell line 293, which leads to a culture supernatant containing the non-purified recombinant defective adenovirus having a titer of approximately 10 × 10 pfu ml.
Les particules virales sont purifiées par centrifugation sur gradient de chlorure de césium selon les techniques connues (voir notamment Graham et al., Virology 52 (1973) 456). L'adénovirus obtenu peut être conservé à -80°C dans 20 % de glycérol. The viral particles are purified by centrifugation on a cesium chloride gradient according to known techniques (see in particular Graham et al., Virology 52 (1973) 456). The adenovirus obtained can be stored at -80 ° C in 20% glycerol.
LISTE DE SEQUENCESLIST OF SEQUENCES
(1 ) INFORMATIONS GENERALES:(1) GENERAL INFORMATION:
(i) DEPOSANT:(i) DEPOSITOR:
(A) NOM: RHONE-POULENC RORER S.A.(A) NAME: RHONE-POULENC RORER S.A.
(B) RUE: 20, avenue Raymond ARON(B) STREET: 20, avenue Raymond ARON
(C) VILLE: ANTONY (E) PAYS: FRANCE(C) CITY: ANTONY (E) COUNTRY: FRANCE
(F) CODE POSTAL: 92165(F) POSTAL CODE: 92165
(ii) TITRE DE L* INVENTION: Méthode de traitement des cancers par régulation de la protéine p53.(ii) TITLE OF THE INVENTION: Method for the treatment of cancers by regulation of the p53 protein.
(iii) NOMBRE DE- SEQUENCES: 2(iii) NUMBER OF SEQUENCES: 2
(iv) FORME DECHIFFRABLE PAR ORDINATEUR: (A) TYPE DE SUPPORT: Tape (B) ORDINATEUR: IBM PC compatible(iv) COMPUTER-DEPENDABLE FORM: (A) TYPE OF MEDIA: Tape (B) COMPUTER: IBM PC compatible
(C) SYSTEME D' EXPLOITATION: PC-DOS/MS-DOS(C) OPERATING SYSTEM: PC-DOS / MS-DOS
(D) LOGICIEL: Patentln Release #1.0, Version #1.30 (OEB)(D) SOFTWARE: Patentln Release # 1.0, Version # 1.30 (EPO)
(2) INFORMATIONS POUR LA SEQ ID NO: 1 :(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 1:
(i) CARACTERISTIQUES DE LA SEQUENCE:(i) CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SEQUENCE:
(A) LONGUEUR: 2085 paires de bases(A) LENGTH: 2085 base pairs
(B) TYPE: nucléotide (C) NOMBRE DE BRINS: double(B) TYPE: nucleotide (C) NUMBER OF STRANDS: double
(D) CONFIGURATION: linéaire(D) CONFIGURATION: linear
(ii) TYPE DE MOLECULE: ADNc (iii) HYPOTHETIQUE: NON(ii) TYPE OF MOLECULE: cDNA (iii) HYPOTHETIC: NO
(iv) ANTI-SENS: NON(iv) ANTI-SENSE: NO
(vi) ORIGINE: (A) ORGANISME: Homo sapiens(vi) ORIGIN: (A) ORGANISM: Homo sapiens
(ix) CARACTERISTIQUE:(ix) CHARACTERISTIC:
(A) NOM/CLE: CDS(A) NAME / KEY: CDS
(B) EMPLACEMENT:1..2085 (D) AUTRES INFORMATIONS:/product= "Calpastatine humaine"(B) LOCATION: 1..2085 (D) OTHER INFORMATION: / product = "Human Calpastatin"
(xi) DESCRIPTION DE LA SEQUENCE: SEQ ID NO: 1: ATG GAA GGA CCA CAT CTT CCT AAC AAG AAA AAA CAC AAA AAA CAG GCT 48 Met Glu Gly Pro His Leu Pro Asn Lys Lys Lys His Lys Lys Gin Ala 1 5 10 15(xi) SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION: SEQ ID NO: 1: ATG GAA GGA CCA CAT CTT CCT AAC AAG AAA AAA CAC AAA AAA CAG GCT 48 Met Glu Gly Pro His Leu Pro Asn Lys Lys Lys His Lys Lys Gin Ala 1 5 10 15
GTA AAA ACA GAA CCT GAG AAG AAG TC CAG TCA ACC AAG CTG TCT GTG 96 Val Lys Thr Glu Pro Glu Lys Lys Ser Gin Ser Thr Lys Leu Ser ValGTA AAA ACA GAA CCT GAG AAG AAG TC CAG TCA ACC AAG CTG TCT GTG 96 Val Lys Thr Glu Pro Glu Lys Lys Ser Gin Ser Thr Lys Leu Ser Val
20 25 3020 25 30
GTT CAT GAG AAA AAA TCC CAA GAA GGA AAG CCA AAA GAA CAC ACA GAG 144 Val His Glu Lys Lys Ser Gin Glu Gly Lys Pro Lys Glu His Thr Glu 35 40 45GTT CAT GAG AAA AAA TCC CAA GAA GGA AAG CCA AAA GAA CAC ACA GAG 144 Val His Glu Lys Lys Ser Gin Glu Gly Lys Pro Lys Glu His Thr Glu 35 40 45
CCA AAA AGC CTA CCC AAG CAG GCA TCA GAT ACA GGA AGT AAC GAT GCT 192 Pro Lys Ser Leu Pro Lys Gin Ala Ser Asp Thr Gly Ser Asn Asp Ala 50 55 60CCA AAA AGC CTA CCC AAG CAG GCA TCA GAT ACA GGA AGT AAC GAT GCT 192 Pro Lys Ser Leu Pro Lys Gin Ala Ser Asp Thr Gly Ser Asn Asp Ala 50 55 60
CAC AAT AAA AAA GCA GTT TCC AGA TCA GCT GAA CAG CAG CCA TCA GAG 240CAC AAT AAA AAA GCA GTT TCC AGA TCA GCT GAA CAG CAG CCA TCA GAG 240
His Asn Lys Lys Ala Val Ser Arg Ser Ala Glu Gin Gin Pro Ser GluHis Asn Lys Lys Ala Val Ser Arg Ser Ala Glu Gin Gin Pro Ser Glu
65 70 75 8065 70 75 80
AAA TCA ACA GAA CCA AAG ACT AAA CCA CAA GAC ATG ATT TCT GCT GGT 288AAA TCA ACA GAA CCA AAG ACT AAA CCA CAA GAC ATG ATT TCT GCT GGT 288
Lys Ser Thr Glu Pro Lys Thr Lys Pro Gin Asp Met Ile Ser Ala GlyLys Ser Thr Glu Pro Lys Thr Lys Pro Gin Asp Met Ile Ser Ala Gly
85 90 9585 90 95
GGA GAG AGT GTT GCT GGT ATC ACT GCA ATA TCT GGC AAG CCG GGT GAC 336GGA GAG AGT GTT GCT GGT ATC ACT GCA ATA TCT GGC AAG CCG GGT GAC 336
Gly Glu Ser Val Ala Gly Ile Thr Ala Ile Ser Gly Lys Pro Gly Asp 100 105 110 AAG AAA AAA GAA AAG AAA TCA TTA ACC CCA GCT GTG CCA GTT GAA TCT 384 Lys Lys Lys Glu Lys Lys Ser Leu Thr Pro Ala Val Pro Val Glu Ser 115 120 125Gly Glu Ser Val Ala Gly Ile Thr Ala Ile Ser Gly Lys Pro Gly Asp 100 105 110 AAG AAA AAA GAA AAG AAA TCA TTA ACC CCA GCT GTG CCA GTT GAA TCT 384 Lys Lys Lys Glu Lys Lys Ser Leu Thr Pro Ala Val Pro Val Glu Ser 115 120 125
AAA CCG GAT AAA CCA TCG GGA AAG TCA GGC ATG GAT GCT GCT TTG GAT 432 Lys Pro Asp Lys Pro Ser Gly Lys Ser Gly Met Asp Ala Ala Leu Asp 130 135 140AAA CCG GAT AAA CCA TCG GGA AAG TCA GGC ATG GAT GCT GCT TTG GAT 432 Lys Pro Asp Lys Pro Ser Gly Lys Ser Gly Met Asp Ala Ala Leu Asp 130 135 140
GAC TTA ATA GAT ACT TTA GGA GGA CCT GAA GAA ACT GAA GAA GAA AAT 480 Asp Leu Ile Asp Thr Leu Gly Gly Pro Glu Glu Thr Glu Glu Glu Asn 145 150 155 160GAC TTA ATA GAT ACT TTA GGA GGA CCT GAA GAA ACT GAA GAA GAA AAT 480 Asp Leu Ile Asp Thr Leu Gly Gly Pro Glu Glu Thr Glu Glu Glu Asn 145 150 155 160
ACA ACG TAT ACT GGA CCA GAA GTT TCA GAT CCA ATG AGT TCC ACC TAC 528 Thr Thr Tyr Thr Gly Pro Glu Val Ser Asp Pro Met Ser Ser Thr Tyr 165 170 175ACA ACG TAT ACT GGA CCA GAA GTT TCA GAT CCA ATG AGT TCC ACC TAC 528 Thr Thr Tyr Thr Gly Pro Glu Val Ser Asp Pro Met Ser Ser Thr Tyr 165 170 175
ATA GAG GAA TTG GGT AAA AGA GAA GTC ACA ATT CCT CCA AAA TAT AGG 576 Ile Glu Glu Leu Gly Lys Arg Glu Val Thr Ile Pro Pro Lys Tyr Arg 180 185 190 GAA CTA TTG GCT AAA AAG GAA GGG ATC ACA GGG CCT CCT GCA GAC TCT 624 Glu Leu Leu Ala Lys Lys Glu Gly Ile Thr Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Ser 195 200 205ATA GAG GAA TTG GGT AAA AGA GAA GTC ACA ATT CCT CCA AAA TAT AGG 576 Ile Glu Glu Leu Gly Lys Arg Glu Val Thr Ile Pro Pro Lys Tyr Arg 180 185 190 GAA CTA TTG GCT AAA AAG GAA GGG ATC ACA GGG CCT CCT GCA GAC TCT 624 Glu Leu Leu Ala Lys Lys Glu Gly Ile Thr Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Ser 195 200 205
TCA AAA CCC ATA GGG CCA GAT GAT GCT ATA GAC GCC TTG TCA TCT GAC 672 Ser Lys Pro Ile Gly Pro Asp Asp Ala Ile Asp Ala Leu Ser Ser Asp 210 215 220TCA AAA CCC ATA GGG CCA GAT GAT GCT ATA GAC GCC TTG TCA TCT GAC 672 Ser Lys Pro Ile Gly Pro Asp Asp Ala Ile Asp Ala Leu Ser Ser Asp 210 215 220
TTC ACC TGT GGG TCG CCT ACA GCT GCT GGA AAG AAA ACT GAA AAA GAG 720 Phe Thr Cys Gly Ser Pro Thr Ala Ala Gly Lys Lys Thr Glu Lys Glu 225 230 235 240TTC ACC TGT GGG TCG CCT ACA GCT GCT GGA AAG AAA ACT GAA AAA GAG 720 Phe Thr Cys Gly Ser Pro Thr Ala Ala Gly Lys Lys Thr Glu Lys Glu 225 230 235 240
GAA TCT ACA GAA GTT TTA AAA GCT CAG TCA GCA GGG ACA GTC AGA AGT 768 Glu Ser Thr Glu Val Leu Lys Ala Gin Ser Ala Gly Thr Val Arg Ser 245 250 255GAA TCT ACA GAA GTT TTA AAA GCT CAG TCA GCA GGG ACA GTC AGA AGT 768 Glu Ser Thr Glu Val Leu Lys Ala Gin Ser Ala Gly Thr Val Arg Ser 245 250 255
GCT GCT CCA CCC CAA GAG AAG AAA AGA AAG GTG GAG AAG GAT ACA ATG 816 Ala Ala Pro Pro Gin Glu Lys Lys Arg Lys Val Glu Lys Asp Thr Met 260 265 270 AGT GAT CAA GCA CTC GAG GCT CTG TCG GCT TCA CTG GGC ACC CGG CAA 864 Ser Asp Gin Ala Leu Glu Ala Leu Ser Ala Ser Leu Gly Thr Arg Gin 275 280 285GCT GCT CCA CCC CAA GAG AAG AAA AGA AAG GTG GAG AAG GAT ACA ATG 816 Ala Ala Pro Pro Gin Glu Lys Lys Arg Lys Val Glu Lys Asp Thr Met 260 265 270 AGT GAT CAA GCA CTC GAG GCT CTG TCG GCT TCA CTG GGC ACC CGG CAA 864 Ser Asp Gin Ala Leu Glu Ala Leu Ser Ala Ser Leu Gly Thr Arg Gin 275 280 285
GCA GAA CCT GAG CTC GAC CTC CGC TCA ATT AAG GAA GTC GAT GAG GCA 912 Ala Glu Pro Glu Leu Asp Leu Arg Ser Ile Lys Glu Val Asp Glu Ala 290 295 300GCA GAA CCT GAG CTC GAC CTC CGC TCA ATT AAG GAA GTC GAT GAG GCA 912 Ala Glu Pro Glu Leu Asp Leu Arg Ser Ile Lys Glu Val Asp Glu Ala 290 295 300
AAA GCT AAA GAA GAA AAA CTA GAG AAG TGT GGT GAG GAT GAT GAA ACA 960 Lys Ala Lys Glu Glu Lys Leu Glu Lys Cys Gly Glu Asp Asp Glu ThrAAA GCT AAA GAA GAA AAA CTA GAG AAG TGT GGT GAG GAT GAT GAA ACA 960 Lys Ala Lys Glu Glu Lys Leu Glu Lys Cys Gly Glu Asp Asp Glu Thr
305 310 315 320305 310 315 320
ATC CCA TCT GAG TAC AGA TTA AAA CCA GCC ACG GAT AAA GAT GGA AAA 1008 Ile Pro Ser Glu Tyr Arg Leu Lys Pro Ala Thr Asp Lys Asp Gly LysATC CCA TCT GAG TAC AGA TTA AAA CCA GCC ACG GAT AAA GAT GGA AAA 1008 Ile Pro Ser Glu Tyr Arg Leu Lys Pro Ala Thr Asp Lys Asp Gly Lys
325 330 335325 330 335
CCA CTA TTG CCA GAG CCT GAA GAA AAA CCC AAG CCT CGG AGT GAA TCA 1056CCA CTA TTG CCA GAG CCT GAA GAA AAA CCC AAG CCT CGG AGT GAA TCA 1056
Pro Leu Leu Pro Glu Pro Glu Glu Lys Pro Lys Pro Arg Ser Glu Ser 340 345 350Pro Leu Leu Pro Glu Pro Glu Glu Lys Pro Lys Pro Arg Ser Glu Ser 340 345 350
GAA CTC ATT GAT GAA CTT TCA GAA GAT TTT GAC CGG TCT GAA TGT AAA 1104GAA CTC ATT GAT GAA CTT TCA GAA GAT TTT GAC CGG TCT GAA TGT AAA 1104
Glu Leu Ile Asp Glu Leu Ser Glu Asp Phe Asp Arg Ser Glu Cys Lys 355 360 365Glu Leu Ile Asp Glu Leu Ser Glu Asp Phe Asp Arg Ser Glu Cys Lys 355 360 365
GAG AAA CCA TCT AAG CCA ACT GAA AAG ACA GAA GAA TCT AAG GCC GCT 1152 Glu Lys Pro Ser Lys Pro Thr Glu Lys Thr Glu Glu Ser Lys Ala Ala 370 375 380 GCT CCA GCT CCT GTG TCG GAG GCT GTG TCT CGG ACC TCC ATG TGT AGT 1200GAG AAA CCA TCT AAG CCA ACT GAA AAG ACA GAA GAA TCT AAG GCC GCT 1152 Glu Lys Pro Ser Lys Pro Thr Glu Lys Thr Glu Glu Ser Lys Ala Ala 370 375 380 GCT CCA GCT CCT GTG TCG GAG GCT GTG TCT CGG ACC TCC ATG TGT AGT 1200
Ala Pro Ala Pro Val Ser Glu Ala Val Ser Arg Thr Ser Met Cys SerAla Pro Ala Pro Val Ser Glu Ala Val Ser Arg Thr Ser Met Cys Ser
385 390 395 400385 390 395 400
ATA CAG TCA GCA CCC CCT GAG CCG GCT ACC TTG AAG GGC ACA GTG CCA 1248 Ile Gin Ser Ala Pro Pro Glu Pro Ala Thr Leu Lys Gly Thr Val ProATA CAG TCA GCA CCC CCT GAG CCG GCT ACC TTG AAG GGC ACA GTG CCA 1248 Ile Gin Ser Ala Pro Pro Glu Pro Ala Thr Leu Lys Gly Thr Val Pro
405 410 415405 410 415
GAT GAT GCT GTA GAA GCC TTG GCT GAT AGC CTG GGG AAA AAG GAA GCA 1296GAT GAT GCT GTA GAA GCC TTG GCT GAT AGC CTG GGG AAA AAG GAA GCA 1296
Asp Asp Ala Val Glu Ala Leu Ala Asp Ser Leu Gly Lys Lys Glu Ala 420 425 430Asp Asp Ala Val Glu Ala Leu Ala Asp Ser Leu Gly Lys Lys Glu Ala 420 425 430
GAT CCA GAA GAT GGA AAA CCT GTG ATG GAT AAA GTC AAG GAG AAG GCC 1344GAT CCA GAA GAT GGA AAA CCT GTG ATG GAT AAA GTC AAG GAG AAG GCC 1344
Asp Pro Glu Asp Gly Lys Pro Val Met Asp Lys Val Lys Glu Lys Ala 435 440 445Asp Pro Glu Asp Gly Lys Pro Val Met Asp Lys Val Lys Glu Lys Ala 435 440 445
AAA GAA GAA GAC CGT GAA AAG CTT GGT GAA AAA GAA GAA ACA ATT CCT 1392 Lys Glu Glu Asp Arg Glu Lys Leu Gly Glu Lys Glu Glu Thr Ile Pro 450 455 460 CCT GAT TAT AGA TTA GAA GAG GTC AAG GAT AAA GAT GGA AAG CCA CTC 1440 Pro Asp Tyr Arg Leu Glu Glu Val Lys Asp Lys Asp Gly Lys Pro Leu 465 470 475 480AAA GAA GAA GAC CGT GAA AAG CTT GGT GAA AAA GAA GAA ACA ATT CCT 1392 Lys Glu Glu Asp Arg Glu Lys Leu Gly Glu Lys Glu Glu Thr Ile Pro 450 455 460 CCT GAT TAT AGA TTA GAA GAG GTC AAG GAT AAA GAT GGA AAG CCA CTC 1440 Pro Asp Tyr Arg Leu Glu Glu Val Lys Asp Lys Asp Gly Lys Pro Leu 465 470 475 480
CTG CCA AAA GAG TCT AAG GAA CAG CTT CCA CCC ATG AGT GAA GAC TTC 1488 Leu Pro Lys Glu Ser Lys Glu Gin Leu Pro Pro Met Ser Glu Asp PheCTG CCA AAA GAG TCT AAG GAA CAG CTT CCA CCC ATG AGT GAA GAC TTC 1488 Leu Pro Lys Glu Ser Lys Glu Gin Leu Pro Pro Met Ser Glu Asp Phe
485 490 495485 490 495
CTT CTG GAT GCT TTG TCT GAG GAC TTC TCT GGT CCA CAA AAT GCT TCA 1536 Leu Leu Asp Ala Leu Ser Glu Asp Phe Ser Gly Pro Gin Asn Ala Ser 500 505 510CTT CTG GAT GCT TTG TCT GAG GAC TTC TCT GGT CCA CAA AAT GCT TCA 1536 Leu Leu Asp Ala Leu Ser Glu Asp Phe Ser Gly Pro Gin Asn Ala Ser 500 505 510
TCT CTT AAA TTT GAA GAT GCT AAA CTT GCT GCT GCC ATC TCT GAA GTG 1584 Ser Leu Lys Phe Glu Asp Ala Lys Leu Ala Ala Ala Ile Ser Glu Val 515 520 525TCT CTT AAA TTT GAA GAT GCT AAA CTT GCT GCT GCC ATC TCT GAA GTG 1584 Ser Leu Lys Phe Glu Asp Ala Lys Leu Ala Ala Ala Ile Ser Glu Val 515 520 525
GTT TCC CAA ACC CCA GCT TCA ACG ACC CAA GCT GGA GCC CCA CCC CGT 1632 Val Ser Gin Thr Pro Ala Ser Thr Thr Gin Ala Gly Ala Pro Pro Arg 530 535 540 GAT ACC TCG CAG AGT GAC AAA GAC CTC GAT GAT GCC TTG GAT AAA CTC 1680 Asp Thr Ser Gin Ser Asp Lys Asp Leu Asp Asp Ala Leu Asp Lys Leu 545 550 555 560 TCT GAC AGT CTA GGA CAA AGG CAG CCT GAC CCA GAT GAG AAC AAA CCA 1728 Ser Asp Ser Leu Gly Gin Arg Gin Pro Asp Pro Asp Glu Asn Lys Pro 565 570 575 ATG GGA GAT AAA GTA AAG GAA AAA GCT AAA GCT GAA CAT AGA GAC AAG 1776 Met Gly Asp Lys Val Lys Glu Lys Ala Lys Ala Glu His Arg Asp Lys 580 585 590GTT TCC CAA ACC CCA GCT TCA ACG ACC CAA GCT GGA GCC CCA CCC CGT 1632 Val Ser Gin Thr Pro Ala Ser Thr Thr Gin Ala Gly Ala Pro Pro Arg 530 535 540 GAT ACC TCG CAG AGT GAC AAA GAC CTC GAT GAT GCC TTG GAT AAA CTC 1680 Asp Thr Ser Gin Ser Asp Lys Asp Leu Asp Asp Ala Leu Asp Lys Leu 545 550 555 560 TCT GAC AGT CTA GGA CAA AGG CAG CCT GAC CCA GAT GAG AAC AAA CCA 1728 Ser Asp Ser Leu Gly Gin Arg Gin Pro Asp Pro Asp Glu Asn Lys Pro 565 570 575 ATG GGA GAT AAA GTA AAG GAA AAA GCT AAA GCT GAA CAT AGA GAC AAG 1776 Met Gly Asp Lys Val Lys Glu Lys Ala Lys Ala Glu His Arg Asp Lys 580 585 590
CTT GGA GAA AGA GAT GAC ACT ATC CCA CCT GAA TAC AGA CAT CTC CTG 1824 Leu Gly Glu Arg Asp Asp Thr Ile Pro Pro Glu Tyr Arg His Leu Leu 595 600 605CTT GGA GAA AGA GAT GAC ACT ATC CCA CCT GAA TAC AGA CAT CTC CTG 1824 Leu Gly Glu Arg Asp Asp Thr Ile Pro Pro Glu Tyr Arg His Leu Leu 595 600 605
GAT GAT AAT GGA CAG GAC AAA CCA GTG AAG CCA CCT ACA AAG AAA TCA 1872 Asp Asp Asn Gly Gin Asp Lys Pro Val Lys Pro Pro Thr Lys Lys Ser 610 615 620GAT GAT AAT GGA CAG GAC AAA CCA GTG AAG CCA CCT ACA AAG AAA TCA 1872 Asp Asp Asn Gly Gin Asp Lys Pro Val Lys Pro Pro Thr Lys Lys Ser 610 615 620
GAG GAT TCA AAG AAA CCT GCA GAT GAC CAA GAC CCC ATT GAT GCT CTC 1920 Glu Asp Ser Lys Lys Pro Ala Asp Asp Gin Asp Pro Ile Asp Ala Leu 625 630 635 640GAG GAT TCA AAG AAA CCT GCA GAT GAC CAA GAC CCC ATT GAT GCT CTC 1920 Glu Asp Ser Lys Lys Pro Ala Asp Asp Gin Asp Pro Ile Asp Ala Leu 625 630 635 640
TCA GGA GAT CTG GAC AGC TGT CCC TCC ACT ACA GAA ACC TCA CAG AAC 1968 Ser Gly Asp Leu Asp Ser Cys Pro Ser Thr Thr Glu Thr Ser Gin Asn 645 650 655 ACA GCA AAG GAT AAG TGC AAG AAG GCT GCT TCC AGC TCC AAA GCA CCT 2016 Thr Ala Lys Asp Lys Cys Lys Lys Ala Ala Ser Ser Ser Lys Ala Pro 660 665 670TCA GGA GAT CTG GAC AGC TGT CCC TCC ACT ACA GAA ACC TCA CAG AAC 1968 Ser Gly Asp Leu Asp Ser Cys Pro Ser Thr Thr Glu Thr Ser Gin Asn 645 650 655 ACA GCA AAG GAT AAG TGC AAG AAG GCT GCT TCC AGC TCC AAA GCA CCT 2016 Thr Ala Lys Asp Lys Cys Lys Lys Ala Ala Ser Ser Ser Lys Ala Pro 660 665 670
AAG AAT GGA GGT AAA GCG AAG GAT TCA GCA AAG ACA ACA GAG GAA ACT 2064 Lys Asn Gly Gly Lys Ala Lys Asp Ser Ala Lys Thr Thr Glu Glu Thr 675 680 685AAG AAT GGA GGT AAA GCG AAG GAT TCA GCA AAG ACA ACA GAG GAA ACT 2064 Lys Asn Gly Gly Lys Ala Lys Asp Ser Ala Lys Thr Thr Glu Glu Thr 675 680 685
TCC AAG CCA AAA GAT GAC TAA 2085TCC AAG CCA AAA GAT GAC TAA 2085
Ser Lys Pro Lys Asp Asp * 690 695Ser Lys Pro Lys Asp Asp * 690 695
(2) INFORMATIONS POUR LA SEQ ID NO: 2: (i) CARACTERISTIQUES DE LA SEQUENCE:(2) INFORMATION FOR SEQ ID NO: 2: (i) CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SEQUENCE:
(A) LONGUEUR: 399 paires de bases(A) LENGTH: 399 base pairs
(B) TYPE: nucléotide(B) TYPE: nucleotide
(C) NOMBRE DE BRINS: double(C) NUMBER OF STRANDS: double
(D) CONFIGURATION: linéaire(D) CONFIGURATION: linear
(ii) TYPE DE MOLECULE: ADNc(ii) TYPE OF MOLECULE: cDNA
(iii) HYPOTHETIQUE: NON (iv) ANTI-SENS: NON(iii) HYPOTHETIC: NO (iv) ANTI-SENSE: NO
(vi) ORIGINE:(vi) ORIGIN:
(A) ORGANISME: homo sapiens (ix) CARACTERISTIQUE:(A) ORGANISM: homo sapiens (ix) CHARACTERISTIC:
(A) NOM/CLE: CDS(A) NAME / KEY: CDS
(B) EMPLACEMENT:1..399(B) LOCATION: 1..399
(xi) DESCRIPTION DE LA SEQUENCE: SEQ ID NO: 3:(xi) DESCRIPTION OF THE SEQUENCE: SEQ ID NO: 3:
TCA GGC ATG GAT GCT GCT TTG GAT GAC TTA ATA GAT ACT TTA GGA GGA 48 Ser Gly Met Asp Ala Ala Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Asp Thr Leu Gly Gly 700 705 71 0TCA GGC ATG GAT GCT GCT TTG GAT GAC TTA ATA GAT ACT TTA GGA GGA 48 Ser Gly Met Asp Ala Ala Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Asp Thr Leu Gly Gly 700 705 71 0
CCT GAA GAA ACT GAA GAA GAA AAT ACA ACG TAT ACT GGA CCA GAA GTT 96CCT GAA GAA ACT GAA GAA GAA AAT ACA ACG TAT ACT GGA CCA GAA GTT 96
Pro Glu Glu Thr Glu Glu Glu Asn Thr Thr Tyr Thr Gly Pro Glu Val 715 720 725Pro Glu Glu Thr Glu Glu Glu Asn Thr Thr Tyr Thr Gly Pro Glu Val 715 720 725
TCA GAT CCA ATG AGT TCC ACC TAC ATA GAG GAA TTG GGT AAA AGA GAA 144TCA GAT CCA ATG AGT TCC ACC TAC ATA GAG GAA TTG GGT AAA AGA GAA 144
Ser Asp Pro Met Ser Ser Thr Tyr Ile Glu Glu Leu Gly Lys Arg Glu 730 735 740Ser Asp Pro Met Ser Ser Thr Tyr Ile Glu Glu Leu Gly Lys Arg Glu 730 735 740
GTC ACA ATT CCT CCA AAA TAT AGG GAA CTA TTG GCT AAA AAG GAA GGG 192 Val Thr Ile Pro Pro Lys Tyr Arg Glu Leu Leu Ala Lys Lys Glu Gly 745 750 755 ATC ACA GGG CCT CCT GCA GAC TCT TCA AAA CCC ATA GGG CCA GAT GAT 240 Ile Thr Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Ser Ser Lys Pro Ile Gly Pro Asp Asp 760 765 770 775GTC ACA ATT CCT CCA AAA TAT AGG GAA CTA TTG GCT AAA AAG GAA GGG 192 Val Thr Ile Pro Pro Lys Tyr Arg Glu Leu Leu Ala Lys Lys Glu Gly 745 750 755 ATC ACA GGG CCT CCT GCA GAC TCT TCA AAA CCC ATA GGG CCA GAT GAT 240 Ile Thr Gly Pro Pro Ala Asp Ser Ser Lys Pro Ile Gly Pro Asp Asp 760 765 770 775
GCT ATA GAC GCC TTG TCA TCT GAC TTC ACC TGT GGG TCG CCT ACA GCT 288 Ala Ile Asp Ala Leu Ser Ser Asp Phe Thr Cys Gly Ser Pro Thr AlaGCT ATA GAC GCC TTG TCA TCT GAC TTC ACC TGT GGG TCG CCT ACA GCT 288 Ala Ile Asp Ala Leu Ser Ser Asp Phe Thr Cys Gly Ser Pro Thr Ala
780 785 790780 785 790
GCT GGA AAG AAA ACT GAA AAA GAG GAA TCT ACA GAA GTT TTA AAA GCT 336 Ala Gly Lys Lys Thr Glu Lys Glu Glu Ser Thr Glu Val Leu Lys Ala 795 800 805GCT GGA AAG AAA ACT GAA AAA GAG GAA TCT ACA GAA GTT TTA AAA GCT 336 Ala Gly Lys Lys Thr Glu Lys Glu Glu Ser Thr Glu Val Leu Lys Ala 795 800 805
CAG TCA GCA GGG ACA GTC AGA AGT GCT GCT CCA CCC CAA GAG AAG AAA 384 Gin Ser Ala Gly Thr Val Arg Ser Ala Ala Pro Pro Gin Glu Lys Lys 810 815 820CAG TCA GCA GGG ACA GTC AGA AGT GCT GCT CCA CCC CAA GAG AAG AAA 384 Gin Ser Ala Gly Thr Val Arg Ser Ala Ala Pro Pro Gin Glu Lys Lys 810 815 820
AGA AAG GTG GAG AAG 399 Arg Lys Val Glu Lys 825 AGA AAG GTG GAG AAG 399 Arg Lys Val Glu Lys 825

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Utilisation d'un composé capable de moduler l'activité de la calpaïne pour la préparation d'une composition pharmaceutique destinée au traitement des cancers.1. Use of a compound capable of modulating the activity of calpain for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition intended for the treatment of cancers.
2. Utilisation selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le composé est une protéine ou un polypeptide inhibiteur de l'activité de la calpaïne, ou une séquence d'acides nucléiques codant pour un tel polypeptide ou protéine.2. Use according to claim 1 characterized in that the compound is a protein or a polypeptide inhibiting the activity of calpain, or a nucleic acid sequence coding for such a polypeptide or protein.
3. Utilisation selon la revendication 2 caractérisée en ce que le composé est une protéine ou un polypeptide inhibiteur spécifique de l'activité de la calpaïne sur la protéine p53 sauvage, ou une séquence d'acides nucléiques codant pour un tel polypeptide ou protéine.3. Use according to claim 2 characterized in that the compound is a protein or an inhibitory polypeptide specific for the activity of calpain on the wild-type p53 protein, or a nucleic acid sequence coding for such a polypeptide or protein.
4. Utilisation selon la revendication 2 ou 3 caractérisée en ce que l'acide nucléique fait partie d'un vecteur.4. Use according to claim 2 or 3 characterized in that the nucleic acid is part of a vector.
5. Utilisation selon la revendication 4 caractérisée en ce que l'acide nucléique fait partie d'un vecteur viral, choisi parmi les adénovirus, les retrovirus et les virus adéno-associés.5. Use according to claim 4 characterized in that the nucleic acid is part of a viral vector, chosen from adenoviruses, retroviruses and adeno-associated viruses.
6. Utilisation selon la revendication 4 caractérisée en ce que l'acide nucléique fait partie d'un vecteur liposomal, lipidique6. Use according to claim 4 characterized in that the nucleic acid is part of a liposomal, lipid vector
7. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que le composé est un acide nucléique codant pour tout ou partie de la calpastatine.7. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compound is a nucleic acid coding for all or part of calpastatin.
8. Utilisation selon la revendication 7 caractérisée en ce que l'acide nucléique comprend tout ou partie de la séquence SEQ ID n° 1 ou d'un dérivé de celle-ci.8. Use according to claim 7 characterized in that the nucleic acid comprises all or part of the sequence SEQ ID No. 1 or a derivative thereof.
9. Utilisation selon la revendication 8 caractérisée en ce que l'acide nucléique est choisi parmi les séquences SEQ ID n° 1 et 2.9. Use according to claim 8 characterized in that the nucleic acid is chosen from the sequences SEQ ID No. 1 and 2.
10. Utilisation selon la revendication 8 caractérisée en ce que l'acide nucléique est choisi parmi les dérivés des séquences SEQ ϋ) n° 1 ou 2 codant pour des inhibiteurs spécifiques de la dégradation de la protéine p53 sauvage. 10. Use according to claim 8 characterized in that the nucleic acid is chosen from derivatives of sequences SEQ ϋ) n ° 1 or 2 coding for specific inhibitors of the degradation of the wild-type p53 protein.
11. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 caractérisée en ce que le composé est un dérivé de la calpaïne capable de dégrader spécifiquement les protéines p53 mutées.11. Use according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the compound is a calpain derivative capable of specifically degrading the mutated p53 proteins.
12. Vecteur viral comprenant une séquence d'acide nucléique codant pour une protéine ou un polypeptide inhibiteur de l'activité de la calpaïne.12. Viral vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence coding for a protein or polypeptide inhibiting the activity of calpain.
13. Vecteur selon la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce qu'il est choisi parmi les adénovirus, les retrovirus et les virus adéno-associés.13. Vector according to claim 12 characterized in that it is chosen from adenoviruses, retroviruses and adeno-associated viruses.
14. Vecteur selon l'une des revendications 12 ou 13 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une séquence codant pour tout ou partie de la calpastatine.14. Vector according to one of claims 12 or 13 characterized in that it comprises a sequence coding for all or part of the calpastatin.
15. Vecteur selon la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une séquence codant pour un dérivé de la calpaïne capable de dégrader spécifiquement les protéines p53 mutées.15. Vector according to claim 12 characterized in that it comprises a sequence coding for a calpain derivative capable of specifically degrading the mutated p53 proteins.
16. Composition pharmaceutique comprenant une séquence d'acides nucléiques codant pour tout ou partie de la calpastatine ou pour un dérivé de la calpaïne capable de dégrader spécifiquement les protéines p53 mutées.16. Pharmaceutical composition comprising a nucleic acid sequence coding for all or part of calpastatin or for a calpain derivative capable of specifically degrading the mutated p53 proteins.
17. Composition selon la revendication 16 formulée en vue d'une administration inttra-tumorale. 17. Composition according to claim 16 formulated for intra-tumor administration.
PCT/FR1995/000670 1994-05-31 1995-05-22 Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control WO1995033060A1 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95920973A EP0763121A1 (en) 1994-05-31 1995-05-22 Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control
AU26206/95A AU714209B2 (en) 1994-05-31 1995-05-22 Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control
CA2190293A CA2190293C (en) 1994-05-31 1995-05-22 Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control
JP8500420A JPH10500978A (en) 1994-05-31 1995-05-22 Methods of treating tumors by modulating p53 protein
MX9605522A MX9605522A (en) 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control.
NO19964772A NO321411B1 (en) 1994-05-31 1996-11-11 Use of kalpastatin for the preparation of a composition for the treatment of cancer
FI964783A FI120501B (en) 1994-05-31 1996-11-29 Use of inhibitors of calpain activity, which regulate the level of p53 protein in the manufacture of anti-cancer drugs
US10/788,489 US7837991B2 (en) 1994-05-31 2004-03-01 Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR94/06583 1994-05-31
FR9406583A FR2720277B1 (en) 1994-05-31 1994-05-31 Method of treating cancer by regulating the P53 protein.

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08737953 A-371-Of-International 1995-05-22
US09/405,920 Continuation US20030060435A1 (en) 1994-05-31 1999-09-24 Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995033060A1 true WO1995033060A1 (en) 1995-12-07

Family

ID=9463670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR1995/000670 WO1995033060A1 (en) 1994-05-31 1995-05-22 Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0763121A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10500978A (en)
AU (1) AU714209B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2190293C (en)
FI (1) FI120501B (en)
FR (1) FR2720277B1 (en)
NO (1) NO321411B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1995033060A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996036708A1 (en) * 1995-05-19 1996-11-21 Progen Biotechnik Gmbh Autoantigen which can be used to detect a tendency to thrombosis
EP0799892A2 (en) * 1996-04-05 1997-10-08 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Calpain, its production and use
WO1999043832A2 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-02 Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Human proteinase molecules
WO2000029599A1 (en) * 1998-11-18 2000-05-25 Canji, Inc. Viral vectors with late transgene expression
WO2001074381A2 (en) * 2000-03-31 2001-10-11 Parker Hughes Institute Calpain inhibitors in cancer treatment

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0159678A1 (en) * 1984-04-20 1985-10-30 The Cancer Institute Of Japanese Foundation For Cancer Research Use of 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)methylamino]-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-2-isopropylvaleronitrile
EP0395309A1 (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-10-31 Takara Shuzo Co. Ltd. Human calpastatin-like polypeptide
WO1993002106A1 (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-02-04 The Mclean Hospital Corporation Neural calcium-activated neutral proteinase inhibitors
EP0569122A1 (en) * 1992-04-20 1993-11-10 The Kitasato Institute Pyrrole propionic acid amide, its production and use as calpain inhibitor
EP0580161A1 (en) * 1992-07-22 1994-01-26 THE McLEAN HOSPITAL CORPORATION Prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of Alzheimer's disease
WO1994021817A1 (en) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-29 The Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services Calpain inhibitors to treat programmed cell death

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0159678A1 (en) * 1984-04-20 1985-10-30 The Cancer Institute Of Japanese Foundation For Cancer Research Use of 5-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)methylamino]-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-2-isopropylvaleronitrile
US4788219A (en) * 1984-04-20 1988-11-29 Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation For Cancer Research Antimetastatic agent
EP0395309A1 (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-10-31 Takara Shuzo Co. Ltd. Human calpastatin-like polypeptide
WO1993002106A1 (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-02-04 The Mclean Hospital Corporation Neural calcium-activated neutral proteinase inhibitors
EP0569122A1 (en) * 1992-04-20 1993-11-10 The Kitasato Institute Pyrrole propionic acid amide, its production and use as calpain inhibitor
EP0580161A1 (en) * 1992-07-22 1994-01-26 THE McLEAN HOSPITAL CORPORATION Prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of Alzheimer's disease
WO1994021817A1 (en) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-29 The Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services Calpain inhibitors to treat programmed cell death

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CARILLO, S. ET AL.: "Differential sensitivity of FOS and JUN family members to calpains", ONCOGENE, vol. 9, no. 6, June 1994 (1994-06-01), pages 1679 - 1689 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996036708A1 (en) * 1995-05-19 1996-11-21 Progen Biotechnik Gmbh Autoantigen which can be used to detect a tendency to thrombosis
EP0799892A2 (en) * 1996-04-05 1997-10-08 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Calpain, its production and use
EP0799892A3 (en) * 1996-04-05 1998-08-12 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Calpain, its production and use
US5874277A (en) * 1996-04-05 1999-02-23 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd Proteins, their production and use
US6068990A (en) * 1996-04-05 2000-05-30 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Proteins, their production and use
WO1999043832A2 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-02 Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Human proteinase molecules
WO1999043832A3 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-11-25 Incyte Pharma Inc Human proteinase molecules
US6232454B1 (en) 1998-02-27 2001-05-15 Incyte Genomics, Inc. Human proteinase molecules
US6627605B1 (en) 1998-02-27 2003-09-30 Incyte Corporation Human proteinase molecules
WO2000029599A1 (en) * 1998-11-18 2000-05-25 Canji, Inc. Viral vectors with late transgene expression
WO2001074381A2 (en) * 2000-03-31 2001-10-11 Parker Hughes Institute Calpain inhibitors in cancer treatment
WO2001074381A3 (en) * 2000-03-31 2002-01-31 Parker Hughes Inst Calpain inhibitors in cancer treatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI964783A0 (en) 1996-11-29
AU714209B2 (en) 1999-12-23
AU2620695A (en) 1995-12-21
FR2720277B1 (en) 1996-07-12
FI120501B (en) 2009-11-13
CA2190293C (en) 2011-06-28
EP0763121A1 (en) 1997-03-19
JPH10500978A (en) 1998-01-27
CA2190293A1 (en) 1995-12-07
NO321411B1 (en) 2006-05-08
NO964772D0 (en) 1996-11-11
FR2720277A1 (en) 1995-12-01
FI964783A (en) 1996-11-29
NO964772L (en) 1996-11-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2163256C (en) Adenoviral vectors of animal origin and use thereof in gene therapy
FR2712603A1 (en) Recombinant viruses, preparation and use in gene therapy.
CA2197235C (en) Adenovirus comprising a gene coding for glutathion peroxidase
FR2738151A1 (en) ANTAGONISTS OF THE ONCOGENIC ACTIVITY OF THE MDM2 PROTEIN, AND THEIR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER
CA2211039C (en) Medicinal combination useful for in vivo exogenic transfection and expression
EP0719328B1 (en) Grb3-3 gene, variants and uses thereof
WO1996010087A1 (en) Method for treatment of cancers by regulating the activity of ras proteins
EP0889969B1 (en) Recombinant adenoviral vectors for human tumour gene therapy
CA2190293C (en) Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control
CA2197904A1 (en) Deffective recombinant adenoviruses with inactivated iva2 gene
FR2731710A1 (en) RECOMBINANT VIRUSES EXPRESSING LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE AND USES IN GENE THERAPY
EP0722496B1 (en) Pharmaceutical compositions and utilization thereof particularly for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
FR2734826A1 (en) DELTAP62, ITS VARIANTS, NUCLEIC SEQUENCES AND THEIR USES
US20030060435A1 (en) Method of cancer treatment by p53 protein control
WO1995022616A1 (en) Animal model of the alzheimer disease, preparation and utilisations
MXPA96005522A (en) Method for the treatment of cancer through the control of protein

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AM AU BB BG BR BY CA CN CZ EE FI GE HU IS JP KG KP KR KZ LK LR LT LV MD MG MN MX NO NZ PL RO RU SG SI SK TJ TT UA UG US UZ VN

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): KE MW SD SZ UG AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Country of ref document: MX

Ref document number: PA/a/1996/005522

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2190293

Country of ref document: CA

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1995920973

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 1996 737953

Country of ref document: US

Date of ref document: 19961127

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 964783

Country of ref document: FI

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1995920973

Country of ref document: EP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1995920973

Country of ref document: EP