WO1995024853A1 - Dry toilet - Google Patents
Dry toilet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995024853A1 WO1995024853A1 PCT/US1995/003004 US9503004W WO9524853A1 WO 1995024853 A1 WO1995024853 A1 WO 1995024853A1 US 9503004 W US9503004 W US 9503004W WO 9524853 A1 WO9524853 A1 WO 9524853A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- toilet
- bowl
- conveyance apparatus
- disposable
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
- A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
- A47K11/026—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets with continuous tubular film for receiving faeces
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
- A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in dry toilets and particularly to dry toilets with disposable lining.
- Background Art Dry toilets have no water to convey waste away or to clean toilet surfaces and therefore various earlier patents describe bags or tubes to fit within a dry toilet to contain the waste or to convey the waste to a place of storage or disposal.
- Toilets using a vertically fed flexible tube to line the bowl have been described in UK patent specifications GB 1,525,613 and GB 2,160,417.
- the tube used to line the toilet bowl is stored as a folded ring around the outside of the toilet bowl which is sequentially unfolded as the tube is pulled over the rim and down inside the bowl.
- the tube is pinched or sealed closed at the bottom of the bowl to contain the waste and also to prevent odors escaping from the previously used lower portion of the tube that has been deposited beneath the bowl.
- the seat With no liner material stored in front of the bowl the seat can be located in a more comfortable forward position. Without the constraints imposed by the dimensions of the plastic tube and the need to pinch it closed at the bottom end, the bowl can be a more conventional depth and height which can then be easily incorporated into portable toilets.
- the draped liner sheet conforms closely to the bowl shape without folds in the front to back section where clearance is critical. It also conforms closely on the sides partly due to the way the liner sheet is guided and partly due to the much thinner liner material that can be used.
- the thinner liner is acceptable because the liner does not have to serve the added purpose of sealing and packaging the waste for storage. This can be done by other devices more effectively.
- the thinner liner can be supplied in relatively large quantities on a roll which is much less expensive than the specially folded thicker liner required for tube lined toilets.
- a dry toilet with disposable lining comprising; a supply of liner material in the form of a substantially continuous length of sheet, a toilet bowl with walls adapted by means of a side entrance aperture and a side exit aperture for the transverse passage through the bowl of the sheet, a conveyance apparatus deployed around the rim of the bowl with means for holding, advancing, separating, rejoining and releasing the opposing edges of the sheet and thereby draping that portion of the sheet to form a lining close to the inner surfaces of the bowl, a means of actuating the conveyance apparatus to advance the liner sheet a horizontal distance that will cause a soiled portion of the sheet to be removed from the bowl through the side exit aperture and be replaced with a clean portion of sheet from the supply, an opening into an enclosure beyond the exit aperture through which the soiled sheet passes for disposal or storage after being released by the conveyance apparatus, said opening may be equipped with an automatic closure to prevent the escape of odors when the sheet is not in motion, a means
- the said conveyance apparatus might, for example, comprise two separate but synchronised and horizontally supported belt drives, each belt transporting one edge of the sheet and each belt traversing one half of the toilet bowl rim, a series of pulleys and guides to constrain the belts to follow the prescribed path, short pins projecting at intervals from the outer surface of the belts to penetrate and hold the edge of the sheet, said pulleys and guides on the outer surface of the belt having grooves to clear the projecting pins while pressing the edges of the sheet against the belt, a tensioning means to assist the accurate alignment of the edges of the sheet when engaging with the belt drive, brackets to support the conveyance apparatus in alignment with the toilet bowl, other transmission, linkage and controls as might ordinarily be required to propel the co' -yance apparatus by mechanical lever or electric motor and a fan or bellows as may be required to exhaust air from beneath the toilet bowl liner.
- Sheet material in the form of plastic film can be made very thin, eg 10 microns thick, and still remain adequately strong and impervious to liquids.
- a 150 mm diameter roll of center folded, polyethylene film, 10 microns thick would hold enough material for 1500 flushes of a standard size toilet bowl. This can be compared with a maximum of 120 flushes that can normally be obtained from the specially folded tube that surrounds the bowl of a vertical tube toilet. Frequently used public toilets would be uneconomical if servicing was necessary after every 120 flushes.
- the liner sheet could be composed of materials which are either biodegradable or are water soluble in order to aid their ultimate disposal.
- water soluble plastic films such as poly(ethylene oxide) have been used for some years to contain dry substances intended to be dissolved in water without the need to open the package.
- a water soluble film base has been combined with a thin layer that is nonstructural and impervious to water. This type of material could be used to contain and package moist toilet waste inside but would dissolve when the package was disposed of in the presence of water on the outside.
- Figure 1 is a simplified perspective view showing elements of the dry toilet which illustrate the principle of the invention
- Figure 2 is a front section elevation through the toilet bowl
- Figure 3 is a top view of the toilet with covers partly removed to show a liner conveyance apparatus
- Figure 4 is a section detail of part of the liner conveyance apparatus
- Figure 5 is a section detail of another part of the liner conveyance apparatus.
- the dry toilet shown in Figure 1 has the toilet seat 15 raised to reveal the bowl 16 which is lined with a thin sheet 17 supplied from a roll 18.
- the sheet 17 is folded in the center.
- the fold 19 is lowermost and the edges 20 of the sheet 17 are uppermost when entering the side of the toilet bowl 16 through an entrance channel 21.
- the sheet edges 20 are separated by a conveyance apparatus which is concealed beneath the rim 22 of the bowl 16.
- the separated edges 20 are each conveyed halfway around opposite sides of the rim 22 to an exit channel 23.
- the sheet edges 20 are widely separated which unfolds the sheet 17 and allows it to cover the sides and the bottom of the bowl 16.
- the edges 20 of the sheet are brought close together again by the conveyance apparatus and then released. After release, the sheet 17, assisted by gravity and possibly air flow, passses through an opening 24 into an enclosed space 25 and thence into a drain 26 leading to a container 27 where processing or removal of the waste together with the soiled liner sheet can be implemented.
- the opening 24 can be kept closed by a door 28 except when the sheet 17 is being moved to empty the bowl 16 of waste.
- the door 28 could have a soft sealing gasket around its perimeter which when pressed against the thin liner sheet 17 would effect an air tight closure.
- the door 28 might not be necessary if the container 27 was equipped with exhaust fan ventilation to the outside air as is often done with dry toilets. Air would then be drawn through the opening 24 and into the enclosure 25 which would prevent odors from escaping.
- the passage of the sheet 17 through the bowl 16 is further illustrated by reference to Figure 2 which shows a section through the middle of the bowl and along the axis of the entrance channel 21 and the exit channel 23.
- both the entrance channel floor 29 and the exit channel floor 30 slope downwards in the direction of the drain 26.
- This drainage slope prevents liquid waste from accumulating in the bottom of the bowl where it might otherwise result in splashing or where it could contaminate clean liner sheet 17 residing within the entrance channel 21.
- the drainage slope also allows the bowl to be easily washed and rinsed in the unlikely event that the lining sheet becomes damaged and leaks.
- the positions of entrance channel floor 29 and the exit channel floor 30 can be seen within the bowl 16.
- the entrance channel floor 29 need only be wide enough to clear the passage of the sheet 17 whereas the exit channel floor 30 must be wider in order to clear the passage of the soiled sheet containing solid waste.
- the door 28 is hinged on a shaft 31 which, as further illustrated in Figure 2, can project through the upper wall of the enclosure 25 and connect to a control arm 32.
- the control arm 32 can be linked to the toilet operating mechanism to open the door 28 when the toilet is being emptied.
- indentions 33 have been provided in the inner surface of the bowl 16 leading to exhaust holes 34 connecting through the wall of the bowl to a duct 35 wherein air pressure can be lowered by the action of a bellows or fan to cause the liner sheet material 17 to be sucked against the surface of the bowl 16.
- Such vacuum suction need only to be applied momentarily and would normally be relieved when the liner sheet is being conveyed through the bowl.
- FIG. 2 the seat 15 is shown lowered and resting on the rim 22 which has been made integral with the cover 36 to conceal the conveyance apparatus 37 as well as other working components of the toilet.
- a conveyance apparatus which could transport the sheet 17 around the perimeter of the bowl 16 will be described with reference to Figures 3, 4 and 5.
- Two synchronised timing belts 38 each forming a return loop are guided and driven along the perimeter of the bowl by timing belt pulleys 39.
- the belts are further guided on their outside surfaces by pulleys 40 with a radial groove 41 to provide clearance for the pins 42 which project from the outside surface of the belts 38 to pierce and hold the edges 20 of the sheet 17 .
- Two other similarly grooved pulleys 43 located at the top of the entrance channel 29 press the incoming edges 20 of the sheet onto the projecting belt pins 42.
- a roller 49 is positioned so as to maintain alignment of the sheet edges 20 along the central axis.
- a friction device or other mechanical braking device could be adapted to the supply roll 18 or its spindle. After being conveyed along the bowl perimeter the sheet 17 is forced off the pins 42 by the constraint of the exit channel walls 44.
- the two belts 38 can be synchronised, for example, by linking their respective timing belt pulleys 39 located at the entrance door 21 with matching spur gears.
- the spur gears could be located beneath the entrance channel floor 29 and connected by shafts to the belt pulleys 39 above.
- the drain area door and the air exhaust means could be made to operate automatically with the force of a foot pedal or the power of a small electric motor.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)
- Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95912853A EP0814696A4 (en) | 1994-03-18 | 1995-03-13 | Dry toilet |
AU19879/95A AU707374B2 (en) | 1995-03-13 | 1995-03-13 | Dry toilet |
US08/894,916 US5960487A (en) | 1994-03-16 | 1995-03-13 | Dry toilet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9405323A GB2288194A (en) | 1994-03-18 | 1994-03-18 | Dry toilet |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995024853A1 true WO1995024853A1 (en) | 1995-09-21 |
Family
ID=10752073
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1995/003004 WO1995024853A1 (en) | 1994-03-16 | 1995-03-13 | Dry toilet |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0814696A4 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2288194A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995024853A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10102298C1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-08-22 | Airbus Gmbh | Toilet facilities, in particular for transportation |
US6713140B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2004-03-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Latently dispersible barrier composite material |
US6783826B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2004-08-31 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Flushable commode liner |
DE10258384B4 (en) * | 2002-07-13 | 2010-06-17 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Passenger room, preferably toilet room in a means of transport |
CN107997663A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 天津市森腾科技发展有限公司 | Water-free toilet |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2304127A (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1997-03-12 | Robert Douglas Hawkins | Waste system for toilets |
US5901385A (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-05-11 | Nian; Chin Fu | Dry type toilet system |
CN108968766B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-12-18 | 安徽拓标工程技术咨询有限公司 | Dry type environment-friendly ecological toilet for grass stacks |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1967581A (en) * | 1933-05-01 | 1934-07-24 | Macias Juan Roure | Sanitary cover |
US2671906A (en) * | 1952-11-15 | 1954-03-16 | Robert W Potts | Liner for sanitary closets |
US2801426A (en) * | 1954-08-09 | 1957-08-06 | Gorce Gerald A La | Disposable bag toilet |
US3546716A (en) * | 1968-06-19 | 1970-12-15 | David H E Laumann | Disposable bedpan liner |
US3619822A (en) * | 1969-11-18 | 1971-11-16 | Thomas Carmichael | Sanitary closet |
US3665522A (en) * | 1969-11-17 | 1972-05-30 | Pactosan Ab | Apparatus for collecting solid or liquid wastes |
US3675250A (en) * | 1970-02-10 | 1972-07-11 | Tebe Elprodukter Ab | Closet means |
DE2211880A1 (en) * | 1972-03-11 | 1973-09-20 | Geb Vincon Frida Haas | DRY CLOSET |
US3763502A (en) * | 1969-01-09 | 1973-10-09 | Suren Keoseian R | Disposable article liner |
US3878572A (en) * | 1973-09-21 | 1975-04-22 | Eleon Gustav Eriksson | Collecting device for solid or liquid waste material |
US4627117A (en) * | 1983-06-13 | 1986-12-09 | Kanji Morishita | Paper cover for lavatory seat |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2205405A (en) * | 1938-07-28 | 1940-06-25 | Harm George Owens | Means for the sanitary disposition of fecal and other refuse materials |
US2983090A (en) * | 1955-12-28 | 1961-05-09 | George O Harm | Dry closet with a disposable container |
SE385434B (en) * | 1974-09-20 | 1976-07-05 | Trailer Finanse Ab | DEVICE AT TOILETS |
GB2160417B (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1987-08-12 | Northern Specialised Site Serv | Dry bag toilet |
-
1994
- 1994-03-18 GB GB9405323A patent/GB2288194A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-03-13 EP EP95912853A patent/EP0814696A4/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-03-13 WO PCT/US1995/003004 patent/WO1995024853A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1967581A (en) * | 1933-05-01 | 1934-07-24 | Macias Juan Roure | Sanitary cover |
US2671906A (en) * | 1952-11-15 | 1954-03-16 | Robert W Potts | Liner for sanitary closets |
US2801426A (en) * | 1954-08-09 | 1957-08-06 | Gorce Gerald A La | Disposable bag toilet |
US3546716A (en) * | 1968-06-19 | 1970-12-15 | David H E Laumann | Disposable bedpan liner |
US3763502A (en) * | 1969-01-09 | 1973-10-09 | Suren Keoseian R | Disposable article liner |
US3665522A (en) * | 1969-11-17 | 1972-05-30 | Pactosan Ab | Apparatus for collecting solid or liquid wastes |
US3619822A (en) * | 1969-11-18 | 1971-11-16 | Thomas Carmichael | Sanitary closet |
US3675250A (en) * | 1970-02-10 | 1972-07-11 | Tebe Elprodukter Ab | Closet means |
DE2211880A1 (en) * | 1972-03-11 | 1973-09-20 | Geb Vincon Frida Haas | DRY CLOSET |
US3878572A (en) * | 1973-09-21 | 1975-04-22 | Eleon Gustav Eriksson | Collecting device for solid or liquid waste material |
US4627117A (en) * | 1983-06-13 | 1986-12-09 | Kanji Morishita | Paper cover for lavatory seat |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0814696A4 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10102298C1 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-08-22 | Airbus Gmbh | Toilet facilities, in particular for transportation |
US6713140B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2004-03-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Latently dispersible barrier composite material |
US6783826B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2004-08-31 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Flushable commode liner |
DE10258384B4 (en) * | 2002-07-13 | 2010-06-17 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Passenger room, preferably toilet room in a means of transport |
CN107997663A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 天津市森腾科技发展有限公司 | Water-free toilet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2288194A (en) | 1995-10-11 |
EP0814696A1 (en) | 1998-01-07 |
GB9405323D0 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
EP0814696A4 (en) | 1998-05-27 |
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