WO1995011458A1 - Motion indicator - Google Patents

Motion indicator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995011458A1
WO1995011458A1 PCT/EP1994/003355 EP9403355W WO9511458A1 WO 1995011458 A1 WO1995011458 A1 WO 1995011458A1 EP 9403355 W EP9403355 W EP 9403355W WO 9511458 A1 WO9511458 A1 WO 9511458A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
motion detector
frequency
detector according
transmission signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1994/003355
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Reinhard Mader
Original Assignee
Mader Elektronik Und Telekommunikationstechnik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mader Elektronik Und Telekommunikationstechnik Gmbh filed Critical Mader Elektronik Und Telekommunikationstechnik Gmbh
Publication of WO1995011458A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995011458A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/10—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device
    • B60R25/102—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device a signal being sent to a remote location, e.g. a radio signal being transmitted to a police station, a security company or the owner
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
    • G01S13/56—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motion detector with a transmission and a reception antenna, an oscillator for generating a transmission signal and a signal evaluation device which compares a reception signal consisting of the reflected transmission signal with the transmission signal and emits an electrical signal in the event of a detected frequency deviation.
  • the invention solves this problem with a motion detector of the type mentioned in the introduction in that a frequency or phase modulator is provided for the transmission signal.
  • the oscillator for generating the transmission signal can preferably be a high-frequency oscillator that generates a continuous signal in the microwave range.
  • the frequency or phase modulator for the transmission signal can expediently have a free-running oscillator. Generators for generating sine or rectangular or sawtooth vibrations of different frequencies are possible, preferably with more than 500 kHz.
  • the modulator can also generate two different modulation frequencies, which can further increase the security against false reports due to interference sources. If the frequency or phase modulator has a noise generator, a security of almost 100% can even be achieved since the modulation frequencies are then randomly distributed.
  • the signal evaluation devices can advantageously carry out an amplitude evaluation. It is expedient if the signal evaluation device has a device for response delay in order to avoid incorrect messages due to the amplitude jump occurring, for example, when a radio telephone or microwave oven is switched on. Further there are advantages if the response sensitivity of the detector can be adjusted. Depending on the area of application, the sensitivity can be adjusted accordingly. In addition to the use of the motion detectors for motor vehicle monitoring, use for monitoring building doors and windows, exhibits in museums and the like is also conceivable. If, in addition, the directional lobes of the antennas can be set, even an open vehicle can be monitored, since the lobes of the transmitting and receiving antennas can then be aimed specifically at the vehicle areas to be monitored.
  • the single figure shows a block diagram of a microwave motion detector with a high-frequency oscillator 10, which generates a transmission signal 12 with a typical 2.4 to 2.5 GHz.
  • the transmission signal 12 is modulated by a frequency modulator 11 with white noise or with a sinusoidal oscillation with a frequency of more than 500 kHz and a frequency swing of ten times the modulation frequency and fed via a high-frequency coupler 13 to a transmission antenna 14 and from there into Radiated direction to the objects to be monitored, wherein the radiation lobe of the transmitting antenna 14 is adjustable.
  • the portion of the transmission signal 12 reflected by the objects to be monitored is received as a reception signal 15 by a reception antenna 16 and sent to the high-frequency coupler 13.
  • the received signal 15 is superimposed on the transmitted signal 12 and fed to a signal evaluation device 17 indicated by a dashed box.
  • the signal evaluation device 17 comprises a first bandpass 18 which, for EMC reasons, performs a preselection of reception, for example, in a frequency range of 2.4-2.5 GHz.
  • the signal is then rectified by a high-frequency rectifier 20 directs and fed a second bandpass filter 21, which filters out the frequency components between 0.1 to 30 Hz, which typically correspond to the frequency shifts occurring when the objects to be monitored move according to the double effect.
  • These components are then amplified (22) and the signal 19 'prepared in this way is fed to a comparator 23 which carries out an amplitude comparison with an adjustable threshold.
  • the comparator 23 If this threshold value is exceeded, the comparator 23 emits a corresponding signal 24, which is sent to a device 25 for delaying the response, which prevents short-term amplitude peaks, for example when a radio telephone or a microwave oven is switched on in the extremely close range of the detector, incorrectly lead to the detection of a movement. Then, in the example shown, the output signal 24 'of the response delay device 25 arrives at a timer 26 which emits electrical control signals 27 in a time-controlled manner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a motion indicator with an oscillator (10) designed to generate a transmitted signal (12) and a signal processor (17) which compares the received signal (15) produced from the reflected transmitted signal with the transmitted signal (12) and, when a deviation in frequency is detected, generates an electrical signal (27), the motion indicator having a frequency or phase modulator (11) for the transmitted signal (12) in order to avoid spurious fault reports caused by interference in the same frequency band.

Description

Bewegungsmelder motion detector
B e s c h r e i b u n gDescription
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Bewegungsmelder mit einer Sende- und einer Empfangsantenne, einem Oszillator zur Erzeugung eines Sendesignals und einer Signalauswerteeinrichtung, die ein aus dem reflektierten Sendesignal bestehendes Empfangs¬ signal mit dem Sendesignal vergleicht und bei einer festge¬ stellten Frequenzabweichung ein elektrisches Signal abgibt.The invention relates to a motion detector with a transmission and a reception antenna, an oscillator for generating a transmission signal and a signal evaluation device which compares a reception signal consisting of the reflected transmission signal with the transmission signal and emits an electrical signal in the event of a detected frequency deviation.
Bei Bewegungsmeldern der genannten Art, die auf dem Doppier- Effekt basieren, d. h. die die bei einer Bewegung des über¬ wachten Objekts auftretende Frequenzabweichung zwischen Sende- und Empfangssignal messen und auswerten, tritt das Problem auf, daß andere Melder oder sonstige Störquellen im gleichen Frequenzbereich das Meßergebnis verfälschen und eine Fehlaus¬ wertung auslösen können. Es muß daher bislang darauf geachtet werden, daß verschiedene Melder nicht zu dicht angeordnet und Störquellen möglichst ausgeschlossen werden, oder es mußten Abschirmvorrichtungen um die Melder angeordnet werden, um da¬ durch den Empfang unerwünschter Signale auszuschließen. Beim Einsatz solcher Melder z. B. im Innenraum von Kraftfahrzeugen zur Überwachung der Kraftfahrzeuge versagen diese Abhilfemög¬ lichkeiten jedoch. Parken zwei Fahrzeuge nebeneinander, so sind die jeweiligen Melder zwangsläufig im gegenseitigen Emp¬ fangsbereich und nur relativ gering beabstandet.For motion detectors of the type mentioned, which are based on the double effect, d. H. When measuring and evaluating the frequency deviation between the transmitted and the received signal when the monitored object is moving, the problem arises that other detectors or other sources of interference in the same frequency range can falsify the measurement result and trigger a false evaluation. So far, care has to be taken to ensure that different detectors are not arranged too close together and sources of interference are excluded as far as possible, or that shielding devices have to be arranged around the detectors in order to exclude the reception of unwanted signals. When using such detectors z. B. in the interior of motor vehicles for monitoring the motor vehicles, however, these remedies fail. If two vehicles are parked next to each other, the respective detectors are inevitably in the mutual reception area and only a relatively small distance apart.
./. ../. ,
Die Erfindung löst dieses Problem mit einem Bewegungsmelder der eingangs genannten Art dadurch, daß ein Frequenz- oder Phasenmodulator für das Sendesignal vorgesehen ist.The invention solves this problem with a motion detector of the type mentioned in the introduction in that a frequency or phase modulator is provided for the transmission signal.
Durch die Modulation des Sendesignals mit einem weiteren Si¬ gnal ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß dennoch von Störquellen oder anderen Meldern herrührende Gleichfrequenzschwebungen im Auswertebereich auftreten, außerordentlich gering. Fehlalarm ist damit ausgeschlossen, d. h. verschiedene Melder können praktisch in beliebig geringer Entfernung zueinander angeord¬ net werden. Auf Abschirmungen kann ganz verzichtet werden. Auch eine spezielle Ausbildung der Antennen zur Erzeugung schmaler Empfangskeulen sind nicht erforderlich. Statt dessen können einfache Stabantennen eingesetzt werden. Der Oszillator zur Erzeugung des Sendesignals kann vorzugsweise ein Hochfre¬ quenzoszillator sein, der ein Dauersignal im Mikrowellenbe- reich erzeugt.Due to the modulation of the transmission signal with a further signal, the probability that DC frequency fluctuations arising from interference sources or other detectors nevertheless occur in the evaluation area is extremely low. This eliminates false alarms. H. Different detectors can practically be arranged at any short distance from one another. Shielding can be dispensed with entirely. A special training of the antennas for the generation of narrow reception lobes is also not necessary. Simple rod antennas can be used instead. The oscillator for generating the transmission signal can preferably be a high-frequency oscillator that generates a continuous signal in the microwave range.
Der Frequenz- oder Phasenmodulator für das Sendesignal kann zweckmäßigerweise einen freilaufenden Oszillator aufweisen. Es sind hierbei Generatoren zur Erzeugung von Sinus- oder Recht¬ eck- oder Sägezahnschwingungen unterschiedlicher Frequenzen mit vorzugsweise mehr als 500 kHz möglich. Der Modulator kann auch zwei verschiedene Modulationsfrequenzen erzeugen, wodurch die Sicherheit gegen Fehlmeldungen aufgrund von Störquellen noch erhöht werden kann. Wenn der Frequenz- oder Phasenmodula¬ tor einen Rauschgenerator aufweist, kann sogar eine Sicherheit von nahezu 100 % erreicht werden, da dann die Modulationsfre¬ quenzen zufallsverteilt sind.The frequency or phase modulator for the transmission signal can expediently have a free-running oscillator. Generators for generating sine or rectangular or sawtooth vibrations of different frequencies are possible, preferably with more than 500 kHz. The modulator can also generate two different modulation frequencies, which can further increase the security against false reports due to interference sources. If the frequency or phase modulator has a noise generator, a security of almost 100% can even be achieved since the modulation frequencies are then randomly distributed.
Die Signalauswerteeinrichtungen können vorteilhafterweise eine Amplitudenauswertung durchführen. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Signalauswerteeinrichtung eine Einrichtung zur An¬ sprechverzögerung aufweist, um Fehlmeldungen durch den bei¬ spielsweise beim Einschalten eines Funktelefons oder Mikrowel¬ lenherdes auftretenden Amplitudensprung zu vermeiden. Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn die Ansprechempfindlichkeit des Melders einstellbar ist. Je nach Anwendungsbereich kann die Empfindlichkeit entsprechend eingestellt werden. Neben dem Einsatz der Bewegungsmelder zur Kraftfahrzeugüberwachung ist auch ein Einsatz zur Überwachung von Gebäudetüren und -fen- stern, Ausstellungsgegenständen in Museen und dergleichen denkbar. Wenn außerdem die Richtkeulen der Antennen einstell¬ bar sind, ist selbst die Überwachung eines offenen Fahrzeugs möglich, da die Keulen der Sende- und Empfangsantennen dann gezielt auf die zu überwachenden Fahrzeugbereiche gerichtet werden können.The signal evaluation devices can advantageously carry out an amplitude evaluation. It is expedient if the signal evaluation device has a device for response delay in order to avoid incorrect messages due to the amplitude jump occurring, for example, when a radio telephone or microwave oven is switched on. Further There are advantages if the response sensitivity of the detector can be adjusted. Depending on the area of application, the sensitivity can be adjusted accordingly. In addition to the use of the motion detectors for motor vehicle monitoring, use for monitoring building doors and windows, exhibits in museums and the like is also conceivable. If, in addition, the directional lobes of the antennas can be set, even an open vehicle can be monitored, since the lobes of the transmitting and receiving antennas can then be aimed specifically at the vehicle areas to be monitored.
Nachfolgend wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Bewegungsmelders anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.A preferred embodiment of a motion detector according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.
Die einzige Figur zeigt ein Blockschaltbild eines Mikrowellen¬ bewegungsmelders mit einem Hochfrequenzoszillator 10, der ein Sendesignal 12 mit typischer Weise 2,4 bis 2,5 GHz erzeugt. Das Sendesignal 12 wird von einem Frequenzmodulator 11 mit weißem Rauschen oder mit einer Sinusschwingung mit einer Fre¬ quenz von mehr als 500 kHz und einem Frequenzhub vom Zehnfa¬ chen der Modulationsfrequenz moduliert und über einen Hoch- frequenzkoppler 13 einer Sendeantenne 14 zugeleitet und von dort in Richtung auf die zu überwachenden Objekte abgestrahlt, wobei die Abstrahlkeule der Sendeantenne 14 einstellbar ist. Der von den zu überwachenden Objekten reflektierte Anteil des Sendesignals 12 wird als Empfangssignal 15 von einer Empfang¬ santenne 16 empfangen und dem Hochfrequenzkoppler 13 zugelei¬ tet. Dort wird das Empfangssignal 15 dem Sendesignal 12 über¬ lagert und einer durch einen gestrichelten Kasten angedeuteten Signalauswerteeinrichtung 17 zugeleitet. Die Signalauswerte¬ einrichtung 17 umfaßt einen ersten Bandpaß 18, der aus EMV- Gründen eine Empfangsvorselektion beispielsweise auf einen Frequenzbereich von 2,4 - 2,5 GHz vornimmt. Anschließend wird das Signal von einem Hochfrequenzgleichrichter 20 gleichge- richtet und einem zweiten Bandpaß 21 zugeleitet, der die Fre¬ quenzanteile zwischen 0,1 bis 30 Hz, die typischerweise der bei Bewegung der zu überwachenden Objekte nach dem Doppier- Effekt entstehenden Frequenzverschiebungen entsprechen, ausge¬ filtert. Diese Anteile werden anschließend verstärkt (22) und das solchermaßen aufbereitete Signal 19' einem Komparator 23 zugeleitet, der einen Amplitudenvergleich mit einer einstell¬ baren Schwelle durchführt. Ist dieser Schwellwert überschrit¬ ten, so gibt der Komparator 23 ein entsprechendes Signal 24 ab, das einer Einrichtung 25 zur Ansprechverzögerung zugelei¬ tet wird, die verhindert, daß kurzzeitig auftretende Amplitu¬ denspitzen, beispielsweise beim Einschalten eines Funktelefons oder eines Mikrowellenherdes im extremen Nahbereich des Mel¬ ders, fälschlicherweise zur Erkennung einer Bewegung führen. Anschließend gelangt das Ausgangssignal 24' der Ansprechver- zögerungseinrichtung 25 im dargestellten Beispiel zu einem Timer 26, der zeitgesteuert elektrische Steuersignale 27 ab¬ gibt. The single figure shows a block diagram of a microwave motion detector with a high-frequency oscillator 10, which generates a transmission signal 12 with a typical 2.4 to 2.5 GHz. The transmission signal 12 is modulated by a frequency modulator 11 with white noise or with a sinusoidal oscillation with a frequency of more than 500 kHz and a frequency swing of ten times the modulation frequency and fed via a high-frequency coupler 13 to a transmission antenna 14 and from there into Radiated direction to the objects to be monitored, wherein the radiation lobe of the transmitting antenna 14 is adjustable. The portion of the transmission signal 12 reflected by the objects to be monitored is received as a reception signal 15 by a reception antenna 16 and sent to the high-frequency coupler 13. There, the received signal 15 is superimposed on the transmitted signal 12 and fed to a signal evaluation device 17 indicated by a dashed box. The signal evaluation device 17 comprises a first bandpass 18 which, for EMC reasons, performs a preselection of reception, for example, in a frequency range of 2.4-2.5 GHz. The signal is then rectified by a high-frequency rectifier 20 directs and fed a second bandpass filter 21, which filters out the frequency components between 0.1 to 30 Hz, which typically correspond to the frequency shifts occurring when the objects to be monitored move according to the double effect. These components are then amplified (22) and the signal 19 'prepared in this way is fed to a comparator 23 which carries out an amplitude comparison with an adjustable threshold. If this threshold value is exceeded, the comparator 23 emits a corresponding signal 24, which is sent to a device 25 for delaying the response, which prevents short-term amplitude peaks, for example when a radio telephone or a microwave oven is switched on in the extremely close range of the detector, incorrectly lead to the detection of a movement. Then, in the example shown, the output signal 24 'of the response delay device 25 arrives at a timer 26 which emits electrical control signals 27 in a time-controlled manner.

Claims

•j .P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e • j .P claims
1. Bewegungsmelder mit einer Sende- und einer Empfangsanten¬ ne, einem Oszillator zur Erzeugung eines Sendesignals und einer Signalauswerteeinrichtung, die ein aus dem reflek¬ tierten Sendesignal bestehendes Empfangssignal mit dem Sendesignal vergleicht und bei einer festgestellten Fre¬ quenzabweichung ein elektrisches Signal abgibt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Frequenz- oder Phasenmodulator1. Motion detector with a transmitting and a receiving antenna, an oscillator for generating a transmission signal and a signal evaluation device which compares a reception signal consisting of the reflected transmission signal with the transmission signal and emits an electrical signal in the event of a detected frequency deviation characterized in that a frequency or phase modulator
(11) für das Sendesignal (12) vorgesehen ist.(11) is provided for the transmission signal (12).
2. Bewegungsmelder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Oszillator (10) zur Erzeugung des Sendesignals2. Motion detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillator (10) for generating the transmission signal
(12) ein Hochfrequenzoszillator ist, der ein durch den Modulator (11) frequenz- oder phasenmoduliertes Dauersi¬ gnal im Mikrowellenbereich erzeugt.(12) is a high-frequency oscillator which generates a continuous or frequency-modulated signal in the microwave range by the modulator (11).
3. Bewegungsmelder nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß der Modulator (11) einen freilaufenden Os¬ zillator aufweist.3. Motion detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the modulator (11) has a free-running oscillator.
4. Bewegungsmelder nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß der Modulator zwei Modulationsfrequenzen erzeugt.4. Motion detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the modulator generates two modulation frequencies.
5. Bewegungsmelder nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß der Modulator einen Rauschgenerator auf¬ weist.5. Motion detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the modulator has a noise generator auf¬.
6. Bewegungsmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Signalauswerteeinrichtung (17) eine Amplitudenauswertung durchführt.6. Motion detector according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the signal evaluation device (17) carries out an amplitude evaluation.
./. 0 ../. 0.
7. Bewegungsmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Signalauswerteeinrichtung (17) eine Einrichtung zur Ansprechverzögerung (25) aufweist.7. Motion detector according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the signal evaluation device (17) has a device for response delay (25).
8. Bewegungsmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ansprechempfindlichkeit des Mel¬ ders einstellbar ist.8. Motion detector according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the response sensitivity of the detector is adjustable.
9. Bewegungsmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Richtkeulen der Antennen (14, 16) einstellbar sind.9. Motion detector according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the directional lobes of the antennas (14, 16) are adjustable.
DM/KiDM / Ki
/. /.
PCT/EP1994/003355 1993-10-20 1994-10-12 Motion indicator WO1995011458A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19934335773 DE4335773C2 (en) 1993-10-20 1993-10-20 motion detector
DEP4335773.3 1993-10-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995011458A1 true WO1995011458A1 (en) 1995-04-27

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DE10052340C2 (en) * 2000-10-21 2002-10-31 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Device for monitoring the interior of a motor vehicle
DE10220667C1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-05-15 Insta Elektro Gmbh Passive infrared motion sensor has second regulator whose output voltage ensures voltage supply to sensor element(s) and is also used as reference voltage for other components
EP1790994A1 (en) * 2005-11-23 2007-05-30 Ascom (Schweiz) AG Method for triggering an event in response to a movement, system with a motion sensor and motion sensor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7036390B2 (en) 2001-08-24 2006-05-02 Fujitsu Ten Limited Method for detecting human body in a vehicle

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DE4335773A1 (en) 1995-04-27

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