WO1994027845A1 - Process and control system for limiting the braking effect which may be utilised from a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake in a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Process and control system for limiting the braking effect which may be utilised from a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake in a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994027845A1 WO1994027845A1 PCT/SE1993/000478 SE9300478W WO9427845A1 WO 1994027845 A1 WO1994027845 A1 WO 1994027845A1 SE 9300478 W SE9300478 W SE 9300478W WO 9427845 A1 WO9427845 A1 WO 9427845A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- retarder
- speed
- braking effect
- maximum
- engine
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/08—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels using fluid or powdered medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
Definitions
- the present invention refers both to a process of the kind indicated in the preamble to claim 1, and to a control system of the kind indicated in the preamble to claim 5.
- a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake a so-called retarder in an engine-driven vehicle, preferably a truck or a bus.
- hydrodynamic retarder which is a hydrodynamic brake which can be used as a brake to help the vehicle's ordinary brakes to reduce the vehicle's speed.
- the retarder therefore provides the possibility, to a greater or lesser extent, of sparing the ordinary brakes during braking of the vehicle. The more the necessary braking work can be performed by the retarder, the less the vehicle's ordinary brakes will need to be used and hence the less wear there will be on their linings.
- the retarder is placed at a suitable position in the driveline between the engine and wheels of the vehicle and is therefore drivingly connected to the vehicle's power transmission or its wheels.
- the braking effect in the retarder is engendered by a hydraulic fluid flow acting on parts which are drivingly connected to the power transmission or the vehicle's wheels.
- a major problem with hydraulic retarders is that the braking work which is done in the retarder results in heating of the hydraulic oil in the retarder, with a consequent need to remove this heat from the hydraulic oil.
- This is achieved by the hydraulic oil being cooled by means of coolant contained in the ordinary cooling system of the vehicle's engine.
- the coolant flow, i.e. the heat removal capacity, of that cooling system depends on the effect of the coolant pump, which depends on the speed at which the pump is run. This speed depends in its turn on the speed of the vehicle's engine.
- the object of the invention is to be able as far as possible to eliminate the abovementioned severe limitation on the maximum braking effect which may be utilised from the retarder, and to achieve this without any risk of simultaneous boiling of the coolant in the cooling system.
- the aim is to achieve automatic prevention of boiling at the same time as being able to apply a substantially higher maximum limit to the braking effect which may be utilised from the retarder than has previously been possible.
- the aforesaid object is achieved according to the invention, on the one hand by a process of the kind indicated in the introduction and distinguished by adoption of the measures indicated in the characterising portion of claim 1, and on the other hand by a control system of the kind indicated in the introduction and exhibiting the features indicated in the characterising portion of claim 5.
- the idea on which the invention is based may be said to be that the maximum braking effect which may be utilised from the retarder is controlled by means of at least one primary operating parameter, viz. engine speed, possibly also in combination with one or more secondary operating parameters such as, for example, coolant temperature.
- the single block diagram in the drawing depicts schematically a control system for limitation by engine speed of the maximum braking effect may be utilised from a retarder (a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake) in an engine-driven vehicle. Description of the embodiment
- the vehicle concerned is only schematically represented in the form of the block 10, which is delineated by a broken line and within which appear the parts of the vehicle which are of primary interest in the present context, viz. the vehicle engine 12, the gearbox 14 adjacent thereto and a hydrodynamic retarder 16 which in this case is fitted adjacent to the gearbox.
- This retarder constitutes an auxiliary brake for the vehicle, with the task of helping the vehicle's ordinary brakes, such as wheel brakes, to brake the vehicle.
- the retarder is depicted here as fitted to the gearbox, and the retarder's impeller is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the gearbox via an undepicted gear.
- the retarder impeller is also permanently drivingly connected to the vehicle's propeller shaft and its rotation speed is proportional to that of the propeller shaft.
- the stator portion interacting with the impeller is fixed in the retarder housing.
- the retarder could also inherently be conceived as being placed elsewhere in the driveline between the engine/gearbox and the vehicle's powered wheels 18. Part of this driveline is denoted in the diagram by reference 20.
- the braking effect developed is converted into heating of the hydraulic operating medium of the retarder, usually a suitable type of hydraulic oil. It is therefore necessary to achieve cooling of the hydraulic oil, which in the present case is done by means of a coolant, usually water, which is contained in and flows through the engine's ordinary cooling system, which is represented in the diagram by a radiator 22 connected to the engine 12 and to the retarder 16.
- a coolant usually water
- the left end of the retarder 16 as seen in the diagram constitutes the retarder's oil cooler 24, in which heat exchange takes place between the retarder's hydraulic oil and the cooling system's coolant, which is then cooled in the usual manner in the radiator 22.
- the flow of coolant through the cooling system is maintained in a conventional manner by means of an undepicted coolant pump which is driven by the engine 12 and whose speed and cooling effect therefore vary with the engine speed.
- This control circuit incorporates an electrical control unit 26 which is connected to the retarder 16 via the signal line 28.
- This control unit 26 is connected by signal lines 30, 32 and 34 to an engine speed sensor 36, a propeller shaft speed sensor 38 and a cooling water temperature sensor 40.
- the control unit 26 is also provided with or connected to an electrical programme control 42 which on the basis of the engine speed sensed by the engine speed sensor 36 adjusts the output signal from the control unit 26 to the retarder 16 (via the line 28) so that the maximum braking effect which can be derived from the retarder will vary with the engine speed in accordance with the graph 44 depicted in the diagram and stored in the control block 42.
- control of the braking effect of the retarder 16 is exerted indirectly by controlling its braking torque.
- the control unit For the control unit to be able to calculate the braking torque which corresponds to a given braking effect, it also needs information on the retarder speed at the time.
- the retarder is permanently drivingly connected to the vehicle's propeller shaft, which makes the retarder speed proportional to the propeller shaft speed, which is therefore used to represent the retarder speed.
- the control unit is connected via the line 32 to the propeller shaft speed sensor 38 so that the control unit 26 can use signals from the latter for calculating the maximum braking torque which the retarder may be allowed so as to correspond to the maximum braking effect which has previously been calculated for the relevant engine speed according to the graph 44 in the control block 42.
- Control of the retarder's braking torque is provided in practice by means of a valve arrangement in the retarder which adjusts the oil pressure in the retarder in proportion to the voltage supplied by the control unit 26 via the signal line 28.
- the basic principle of the invention is that the engine speed is used as control parameter for determining the maximum braking effect the retarder 16 is allowed to develop. It is thus possible at any engine speed value to apply optimum retarder effect without any risk of coolant in the cooling system reaching boiling point anywhere in the cooling medium circuit.
- the invention thus ensures automatic prevention of boiling.
- control system has the characteristic that a constant maximum braking effect p, is always available when the engine speed n exceeds a predetermined first break ⁇ point speed n,.
- This braking effect p corresponds to the maximum which the retarder can provide during normal operating conditions with proper cooling of its hydraulic oil.
- Reducing the engine speed n results in cooling capacity being reduced correspondingly by the reduced speed of the coolant pump.
- the maximum available braking effect is controlled so as to decrease in a linear manner with the engine speed n down to a minimum braking effect value p ⁇ .. at a predetermined second break-point speed n 2 .
- This speed n 2 may itself be set at zero, corresponding to complete engine standstill. In this example, however, the second break-point speed n 2 has been set at a very low speed, e.g. 250 revolutions per minute, which is below the engine's idling speed.
- the retarder's maximum braking effect p is set so as to increase in an linear manner with decreasing speed n between those speeds up to the braking effect limit value Pno-
- More precise control of the retarder's braking effect setting can be achieved in modified embodiments of the invention by sensing and applying further operating parameters.
- One such operating parameter may be the engine water temperature, which is sensed by means of a water temperature sensor 40 connected to the control unit via the line 34.
- An indicated high water temperature denotes a reduced boiling risk margin and can be applied to shift downwards the whole or parts of the control curve 44.
- a low water temperature can be applied correspondingly to shift the curve 44 upwards so as to achieve a higher maximum braking effect.
- the embodiment described is primarily concerned with the operation of the retarder when using maximum braking effect.
- the retarder may of course also be used for braking the vehicle with smaller effects in an essentially conventional manner.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1993/000478 WO1994027845A1 (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1993-05-28 | Process and control system for limiting the braking effect which may be utilised from a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake in a motor vehicle |
DE69326025T DE69326025T2 (en) | 1993-05-28 | 1993-05-28 | METHOD AND CONTROL SYSTEM TO LIMIT THE BRAKING EFFECT THAT CAN BE USED IN A HYDRODYNAMIC AUXILIARY BRAKE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
EP93915043A EP0699144B1 (en) | 1993-05-28 | 1993-05-28 | Process and control system for limiting the braking effect which may be utilised from a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake in a motor vehicle |
BR9307857A BR9307857A (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1993-05-28 | Control process and system to limit the braking effect that can be used from a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake on a motor vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9201616A SE507807C2 (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1992-05-22 | Control system for limiting brake effect taken from hydrodynamic auxiliary brake on motor vehicle |
PCT/SE1993/000478 WO1994027845A1 (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1993-05-28 | Process and control system for limiting the braking effect which may be utilised from a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake in a motor vehicle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1994027845A1 true WO1994027845A1 (en) | 1994-12-08 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1993/000478 WO1994027845A1 (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1993-05-28 | Process and control system for limiting the braking effect which may be utilised from a hydrodynamic auxiliary brake in a motor vehicle |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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WO (1) | WO1994027845A1 (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998017518A1 (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1998-04-30 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg | System for adapting the braking moment of a primary system as a function of the gear speed setting |
EP0873926A2 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-28 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Apparatus and procedure to maximally utilize the braking of a retarder |
EP0873925A2 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-28 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Method and apparatus for the controlled limitation of the braking action of a retarder |
EP0873924A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-28 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Method and apparatus to restrict the maximum available braking effect of a secondary retarder |
DE19716919A1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-29 | Voith Turbo Kg | Method for maximum utilisation of retarder braking effect |
EP0953489A2 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1999-11-03 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Control unit and / or computer memory for a retarder |
DE19848544C1 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2000-06-21 | Voith Turbo Kg | Method and device for increasing the braking torque utilization of a hydrodynamic retarder in a motor vehicle |
EP1129915A2 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-05 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Method for increasing the availability of a prime mover and control device |
WO2001081138A1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-01 | Scania Cv Ab | A device for controlling a first auxiliary brake of a vehicle and a brake system for a vehicle |
EP1053923A3 (en) * | 1999-05-19 | 2002-08-28 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Hydrodynamic retarder and device for electronic control of a hydrodynamic retarder |
WO2006007902A1 (en) * | 2004-07-17 | 2006-01-26 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Electronic retarder control assembly (ecu) |
WO2007046756A1 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Scania Cv Ab (Publ) | Engine control system |
DE102007008446A1 (en) * | 2007-02-19 | 2008-08-21 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Braking power utilization method for motor vehicle, involves using flow energy accumulated in working medium during barking to increase flow rate of working medium in working circuit and/or cooling medium in cooling circuit |
US20130173131A1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2013-07-04 | Jurgen Betz | Method for Limiting the Maximum Brake Performance Which Can Be Accessed of a Hydrodynamic Brake |
CN115056756A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-16 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Retarder power limiting method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2923406A1 (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1979-12-20 | Gen Motors Corp | BRAKE SYSTEM WITH A HYDRODYNAMIC BRAKE AND AN ASSIGNED FRICTION BRAKE |
GB2081829A (en) * | 1980-08-12 | 1982-02-24 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Hydraulic retarders |
GB2134245A (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-08-08 | Daimler Benz Ag | A method of controlling the heating capacity of a hydrodynamic brake |
EP0507745A2 (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1992-10-07 | IVECO FIAT S.p.A. | A control system for a hydraulic retarder for commercial vehicles and a vehicle with the system |
-
1993
- 1993-05-28 WO PCT/SE1993/000478 patent/WO1994027845A1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2923406A1 (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1979-12-20 | Gen Motors Corp | BRAKE SYSTEM WITH A HYDRODYNAMIC BRAKE AND AN ASSIGNED FRICTION BRAKE |
GB2081829A (en) * | 1980-08-12 | 1982-02-24 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Hydraulic retarders |
GB2134245A (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-08-08 | Daimler Benz Ag | A method of controlling the heating capacity of a hydrodynamic brake |
EP0507745A2 (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1992-10-07 | IVECO FIAT S.p.A. | A control system for a hydraulic retarder for commercial vehicles and a vehicle with the system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
ATZ Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift, Volume 95, No. 5, May 1993, M. SCHWAB, W. HAERDTLE, K.F. HEINZELMANN, "Ein integrierter hydrodynamischer Retarder fuer die neue Ecosplit-Getriebereihe", page 254, column 3 - page 255, column 1, see from "Temperaturbegrenzung". * |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998017518A1 (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1998-04-30 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg | System for adapting the braking moment of a primary system as a function of the gear speed setting |
US6090010A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 2000-07-18 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. K.G. | System for adapting the braking moment of a primary system as a function of the gear speed setting |
DE19716919C2 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 2001-07-12 | Voith Turbo Kg | Method and device for maximum utilization of the braking effect of a retarder |
EP0873926A2 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-28 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Apparatus and procedure to maximally utilize the braking of a retarder |
EP0873925A2 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-28 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Method and apparatus for the controlled limitation of the braking action of a retarder |
EP0873924A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-28 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Method and apparatus to restrict the maximum available braking effect of a secondary retarder |
DE19716919A1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-29 | Voith Turbo Kg | Method for maximum utilisation of retarder braking effect |
DE19716922A1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-11-05 | Voith Turbo Kg | Method and device for the controlled limitation of the braking action of a retarder |
EP0873925A3 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 2000-03-22 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Method and apparatus for the controlled limitation of the braking action of a retarder |
EP0873926A3 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 2000-03-22 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Apparatus and procedure to maximally utilize the braking of a retarder |
DE19716923B4 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 2006-08-17 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device for limiting the maximum exploitable braking effect of a secondary retarder |
DE19716922C2 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 2001-08-02 | Voith Turbo Kg | Method and device for the controlled limitation of the braking action of a retarder |
EP0953489A2 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 1999-11-03 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Control unit and / or computer memory for a retarder |
EP0953489A3 (en) * | 1998-03-25 | 2000-03-29 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Control unit and / or computer memory for a retarder |
US6546899B1 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2003-04-15 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device for increasing the use of the braking moment of a retarder in an automobile |
DE19848544C1 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2000-06-21 | Voith Turbo Kg | Method and device for increasing the braking torque utilization of a hydrodynamic retarder in a motor vehicle |
EP1053923A3 (en) * | 1999-05-19 | 2002-08-28 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Hydrodynamic retarder and device for electronic control of a hydrodynamic retarder |
DE10009959B4 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2005-04-28 | Voith Turbo Kg | Method for protecting an engine against overheating and control and / or regulating device therefor |
EP1129915A3 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2003-01-02 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Method for increasing the availability of a prime mover and control device |
EP1129915A2 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-05 | Voith Turbo GmbH & Co. KG | Method for increasing the availability of a prime mover and control device |
WO2001081138A1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-11-01 | Scania Cv Ab | A device for controlling a first auxiliary brake of a vehicle and a brake system for a vehicle |
WO2006007902A1 (en) * | 2004-07-17 | 2006-01-26 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Electronic retarder control assembly (ecu) |
WO2007046756A1 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Scania Cv Ab (Publ) | Engine control system |
DE102007008446A1 (en) * | 2007-02-19 | 2008-08-21 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Braking power utilization method for motor vehicle, involves using flow energy accumulated in working medium during barking to increase flow rate of working medium in working circuit and/or cooling medium in cooling circuit |
US20130173131A1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2013-07-04 | Jurgen Betz | Method for Limiting the Maximum Brake Performance Which Can Be Accessed of a Hydrodynamic Brake |
CN115056756A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-16 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Retarder power limiting method |
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