WO1994023467B1 - Electrochemical cell - Google Patents
Electrochemical cellInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994023467B1 WO1994023467B1 PCT/EP1994/001027 EP9401027W WO9423467B1 WO 1994023467 B1 WO1994023467 B1 WO 1994023467B1 EP 9401027 W EP9401027 W EP 9401027W WO 9423467 B1 WO9423467 B1 WO 9423467B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- cathode material
- active cathode
- transition metal
- active
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000004027 cells Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract 19
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 17
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium chloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 6
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 12
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910016345 CuSb Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910005343 FeSb2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- -1 Nal Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002850 SnCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Tin(II) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N precursor Substances N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Inorganic materials [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Abstract
A high temperature rechargeable electrochemical power storage cell (10) has a molten sodium anode (28) separated by sodium ion-conducting solid electrolyte separator (14) from a solid cathode (32) comprising an electronically conductive electrolyte-permeable porous matrix. The matrix is impregnated with a molten salt electrolyte (30), and has solid active cathode material dispersed therein. The molten salt electrolyte comprises a substantially equimolar mixture of sodium chloride and aluminium chloride. The active cathode material comprises at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Mn, Cu and Mo having, dispersed therein, at least one additive element selected from the group consisting of As, Bi, Sb, Se and Te. The atomic ratio of transition metal: additive element in the active cathode material is 99:1-30:70, the cell having a charged state in which the active cathode material is chlorinated. The invention also provides a method of making such cell.
Claims
1. A high temperature rechargeable electrochemical power storage cell (10) comprising a cell housing (12) having an interior divided by a separator (1 ) into an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, the anode compartment containing sodium (28) as active anode material, the separator being a solid electrolyte conductor of sodium ions, the cathode compartment containing a sodium aluminium chloride molten salt electrolyte (30) and containing a solid cathode (32) comprising an electrolyte-permeable porous matrix impregnated with the molten salt electrolyte and which has solid active cathode material dispersed therein and is electronically conductive, the cell (10) having an operating temperature at which the sodium (28) and molten salt electrolyte (30) are molten, the molten salt electrolyte (30) comprising a substantially equimolar mixture of sodium chloride and aluminium chloride in which the proportion of aluminium chloride in all states of charge is at most
50% on a molar basis, the cell being characterised in that the active cathode material comprises at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Mn, Cu and Mo having, dispersed therein, at least one additive element selected from the group consisting of As and Sb, the atomic ratio of transition metal:additive element in the active cathode material being 99:1- 30:70, and the cell having a charged state in which the active cathode material is chlorinated.
2. A cell as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the active cathode material comprises a single transition metal and a single additive element, the transition metal'.additive element atomic ratio in the active cathode material being 80:20 - 50:50.
3. A cell as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the active cathode material comprises a transition metal selected from Fe, Ni and Cu, and an additive element selected from As and Sb.
4. A cell as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the active cathode material comprises at least one compound selected from
Ni16Sb, Ni3Sb, Ni5Sb2, Ni?Sb3, NiSb, NiSb , NiAs, FeSb, FeSb2, Cu Sb and CuSb.
5. A cell as claimed in claim 3 or claim 4, characterised in that the active cathode material comprises Ni as its only transition metal and Sb as its only additive element.
6. A cell as claimed in claim 4 or claim 5, characterised in that the active cathode material is selected from NiSb and Ni Sb.
7. A cell as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6, characterised in that the cathode compartment contains a dopant selected from NaBr, Nal, SnCl2 and mixtures thereof, the cathode compartment in the fully charged state of the cell containing solid NaCl, and the dopant being present in a proportion amounting to 2-20% by mass of the active cathode material in its fully charged chlorinated state.
8. A cell as claimed in any one of claims 5-7 inclusive, characterised in that the cathode compartment contains a cathode current collector (22), embedded in the matrix of the cathode (32), the current collector having an outer surface which comprises a metal which is more noble than nickel.
9. A cell as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that the metal which is more noble than nickel is molybdenum. 29
10. A cell as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cathode compartment contains NaF, present in a proportion amounting to 2-12% by mass of the active cathode material in its fully charged active state.
11. A cell as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cathode compartment contains a sulphur- containing compound having a sulphur content which amounts to 0.3- 5% by mass of the active cathode material in its fully charged state.
12. A method of making a high temperature rechargeable electrochemical power storage cell (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the method comprises loading, into an electrochemical cell cathode compartment separated from an anode compartment in a cell housing (12) by a separator (14) which is a solid electrolyte conductor of sodium ions, at least one additive element selected from the group consisting of As and Sb, admixed with and dispersed in at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Mn, Cu and Mo, to provide a transition metal active cathode component and an additive element active cathode component in the cathode compartment which are present in a transition metal: additive element atomic ratio of 99:1-
30:70, said components being loaded into the cathode compartment together with either a sodium aluminium chloride molten salt electrolyte (30) having a proportion of aluminium chloride which is at most 50% thereof on a molar basis, or a precursor of said molten salt electrolyte.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE69405220T DE69405220T2 (en) | 1993-04-02 | 1994-03-31 | ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL |
| AU65642/94A AU6564294A (en) | 1993-04-02 | 1994-03-31 | Electrochemical cell |
| EP94913511A EP0693228B1 (en) | 1993-04-02 | 1994-03-31 | Electrochemical cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA93/2406 | 1993-04-02 | ||
| ZA932406 | 1993-04-02 | ||
| ZA93/2650 | 1993-04-15 | ||
| ZA932650 | 1993-04-15 | ||
| ZA933459 | 1993-05-18 | ||
| ZA93/3459 | 1993-05-18 | ||
| ZA93/9121 | 1993-12-06 | ||
| ZA939121 | 1993-12-06 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994023467A2 WO1994023467A2 (en) | 1994-10-13 |
| WO1994023467A3 WO1994023467A3 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
| WO1994023467B1 true WO1994023467B1 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
Family
ID=27506093
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1994/001027 WO1994023467A2 (en) | 1993-04-02 | 1994-03-31 | Electrochemical cell |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5476733A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0693228B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2716268B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE157484T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6564294A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69405220T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2107210T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2703513B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1269906B (en) |
| TW (1) | TW254001B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994023467A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (52)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU686091B2 (en) * | 1994-06-08 | 1998-01-29 | Programme 3 Patent Holdings | Electrochemical cell |
| GB9512971D0 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1995-08-30 | Programme 3 Patent Holdings | Electrochemical cell |
| WO1997032351A1 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1997-09-04 | Aabh Patent Holdings Societe Anonyme | Electrochemical cell |
| WO1997032350A1 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1997-09-04 | Aabh Patent Holdings Societe Anonyme | Electrochemical cell |
| US5972533A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1999-10-26 | Electro Chemical Holdings Societe Anonyme | Electrochemical cell comprising a molten salt electrolyte containing sodium iodide |
| US6007943A (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 1999-12-28 | Electro Chemical Holdings Societe Anonyme | High temperature electrochemical cell with molten alkali metal anode |
| US7513219B2 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2009-04-07 | Louden Bros. Tool Co., Inc. | Feed dish for animal cages |
| AU2007338533B2 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2012-05-03 | General Electric Company | Copper-based energy storage device and method |
| US20080145746A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-06-19 | General Electric Company | Copper-based energy storage device and method |
| US20090233170A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2009-09-17 | General Electric Company | Energy storage device and method |
| US8110301B2 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2012-02-07 | General Electric Company | Energy storage device and cell configuration therefor |
| US20090291365A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2009-11-26 | General Electric Company | Energy storage device and method |
| US7632604B2 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2009-12-15 | General Electric Company | Energy storage device and method |
| US20100178546A1 (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-15 | General Electric Company | Electrochemical cell |
| US9076996B2 (en) | 2009-07-20 | 2015-07-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Liquid metal alloy energy storage device |
| US8178231B2 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2012-05-15 | General Electric Company | Composition and energy storage device |
| US20110081559A1 (en) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-04-07 | Research In Motion Limited | Low noise battery |
| US8343661B2 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2013-01-01 | General Electric Company | Cathode compositions comprising Zn and chalcogenide and energy storage cell comprising same |
| US8377593B2 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2013-02-19 | General Electric Company | Energy storage device |
| WO2012018379A1 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-09 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electrolytic recycling of compounds |
| US9000713B2 (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2015-04-07 | Massachussetts Institute Of Technology | Alkali metal ion battery with bimetallic electrode |
| US8329336B2 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2012-12-11 | General Electric Company | Composition and energy storage device |
| US8697279B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2014-04-15 | General Electric Company | Composition and energy storage device |
| KR101275812B1 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2013-06-24 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | electrochemical storage cell |
| KR101834726B1 (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2018-03-08 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | Natrium Secondary Battery |
| KR20130097338A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-03 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | Fabrication method of na based secondary battery |
| JP6301931B2 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2018-03-28 | フィールド アップグレーディング ユーエスエー・インク | Battery charge transfer mechanism |
| WO2014062702A1 (en) | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-24 | Ambri, Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices and housings |
| US10541451B2 (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2020-01-21 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US11721841B2 (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2023-08-08 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US11387497B2 (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2022-07-12 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US9735450B2 (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2017-08-15 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US11211641B2 (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2021-12-28 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US9520618B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 | 2016-12-13 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US9312522B2 (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2016-04-12 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US10270139B1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2019-04-23 | Ambri Inc. | Systems and methods for recycling electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US9502737B2 (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2016-11-22 | Ambri Inc. | Voltage-enhanced energy storage devices |
| CN109935747B (en) | 2013-10-16 | 2022-06-07 | 安保瑞公司 | Seal for high temperature reactive material device |
| US8980459B1 (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-03-17 | Dynantis Corporation | Secondary metal chalcogenide batteries |
| US20160104890A1 (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-14 | General Electric Company | Electrode compositions and related energy storage devices |
| JP6307016B2 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2018-04-04 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Sodium secondary battery |
| US9748564B2 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2017-08-29 | General Electric Company | Electrode compositions and related energy storage devices |
| US10170799B2 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2019-01-01 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Multi-element liquid metal battery |
| AU2016225020A1 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2017-09-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Electrochemical cell with bipolar faradaic membrane |
| US10181800B1 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2019-01-15 | Ambri Inc. | Power conversion systems for energy storage devices |
| WO2016141354A2 (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2016-09-09 | Ambri Inc. | Ceramic materials and seals for high temperature reactive material devices |
| US9893385B1 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2018-02-13 | Ambri Inc. | Battery management systems for energy storage devices |
| US10601062B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2020-03-24 | Dynantis Corp. | Sodium metal batteries with intercalating cathode |
| US11929466B2 (en) | 2016-09-07 | 2024-03-12 | Ambri Inc. | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| WO2018187777A1 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-11 | Ambri Inc. | Molten salt battery with solid metal cathode |
| US10992004B2 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-04-27 | TeraWatt Technology Inc. | Electric vehicle solid state battery cell |
| CH716540A1 (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-15 | Battery Consult Ag | Electrochemical energy storage device. |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3847667A (en) * | 1972-09-26 | 1974-11-12 | Esb Inc | Alkali metal-porous conductive carbon battery having a molten alkali metal chloraluminate electrolyte |
| US3877984A (en) * | 1974-04-24 | 1975-04-15 | Esb Inc | Alkali metal-metal chloride battery |
| ZA828603B (en) * | 1981-12-10 | 1983-09-28 | South African Inventions | Electrochemical cell |
| AU566856B2 (en) * | 1984-05-28 | 1987-10-29 | Lilliwyte Societe Anonyme | Electrochemcial cell with fluoride in electrolyte |
| GB8423961D0 (en) * | 1984-09-21 | 1984-10-31 | Lilliwyte Sa | Electrochemical cells |
| GB8613799D0 (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1986-07-09 | Lilliwyte Sa | Electrochemical cell |
| GB8613800D0 (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1986-07-09 | Lilliwyte Sa | Electrochemical cell |
| GB8829948D0 (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1989-02-15 | Lilliwyte Sa | Electrochemical cells |
| GB8829951D0 (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1989-02-15 | Lilliwyte Sa | Electrochemical cell |
| GB9007998D0 (en) * | 1990-04-09 | 1990-06-06 | Aabh Patent Holdings | Electrochemical cell |
-
1994
- 1994-03-23 IT ITMI940549A patent/IT1269906B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-03-28 TW TW083102713A patent/TW254001B/zh active
- 1994-03-31 AU AU65642/94A patent/AU6564294A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-03-31 AT AT94913511T patent/ATE157484T1/en active
- 1994-03-31 DE DE69405220T patent/DE69405220T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-31 ES ES94913511T patent/ES2107210T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-31 JP JP6521680A patent/JP2716268B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-31 WO PCT/EP1994/001027 patent/WO1994023467A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-03-31 EP EP94913511A patent/EP0693228B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-01 FR FR9403891A patent/FR2703513B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-18 US US08/344,651 patent/US5476733A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO1994023467B1 (en) | Electrochemical cell | |
| US5476733A (en) | Electrochemical cell | |
| US3992222A (en) | Metallic sulfide additives for positive electrode material within a secondary electrochemical cell | |
| US4340652A (en) | Ternary compound electrode for lithium cells | |
| US4764437A (en) | Lithium disulfide battery | |
| US4446212A (en) | Electrochemical cell | |
| US3898096A (en) | Lithium-molten salt cell with transition metal chalcogenide positive electrode | |
| CA1043867A (en) | Cathode comprising a transition metal chalcogenide in a carbon matrix | |
| US4973534A (en) | Electrochemical cell | |
| AU729009B2 (en) | An iron-based storage battery | |
| US20200083543A1 (en) | Fluorine-based cathode materials for thermal batteries | |
| CA2050886A1 (en) | Lithium/organosulfur redox cell having protective solid electrolyte barrier formed on anode and method of making same | |
| US4728590A (en) | Electrochemical cell with high discharge/charge rate capability | |
| US4452777A (en) | Electrochemical cells | |
| CA1077562A (en) | Electrode structure for electrical energy storage device | |
| US5534367A (en) | Molten salt electrolyte separator | |
| IE50234B1 (en) | An electric cell with a non-aqueous electrolyte | |
| US4223079A (en) | Non-aqueous primary battery having a stannous sulfide cathode | |
| US4528253A (en) | High performance molten nitrate cell | |
| US4156758A (en) | Electrolyte composition for electrochemical cell | |
| US3963516A (en) | High energy density fused salt battery and cathode for use therein | |
| US4401714A (en) | Corrosion resistant positive electrode for high-temperature, secondary electrochemical cell | |
| US4190706A (en) | Solid state cell with alkali metal halo-alkali thiocyanate electrolyte | |
| JPS61179063A (en) | Lithium secondary battery | |
| EP0205784A2 (en) | A solid state cell employing a cathode of molybdenum trisulfide and manganese dioxide and/or antimony trisulfide |