WO1993012259A1 - Method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents - Google Patents
Method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993012259A1 WO1993012259A1 PCT/DK1992/000377 DK9200377W WO9312259A1 WO 1993012259 A1 WO1993012259 A1 WO 1993012259A1 DK 9200377 W DK9200377 W DK 9200377W WO 9312259 A1 WO9312259 A1 WO 9312259A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tanning
- fact
- oxidoreductase
- hides
- bath
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/08—Chemical tanning by organic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
- C14C9/04—Fixing tanning agents in the leather
Definitions
- the invention comprises a method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents.
- tanning agents are chrome based, but chrome based tanning agents are considered environmentally unfriendly, and thus, alternative tanning agents, which are environmentally friendly, are always welcome.
- tanning art In the tanning art it is intended to perform a fixation of tanning agents within the collagen matrix, both due to the fact that the quality of the leather will be better with increasing degree of fixation, and also because the pollution will be reduced with increasing degree of fixation and uptake of tanning agents.
- prior art methods for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents are open to improvement in regard to degree of fixation.
- the purpose of the invention is the provision of a method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents, in relation to which the degree of fixation and uptake of tanning agents is increased considerably in comparison to the prior art methods of this kind.
- the method according to the invention for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents in a tanning bath is characterized by the fact that the bath besides the hides comprises an oxidoreductase, and as tanning agent an aromatic compound and possibly other compounds which are able to react with the hides and/or the aromatic compound, and that an oxidation agent is introduced into the equilibrated tanning bath.
- a further advantage related to the invention is the fact that the use of toxic coagents (like formaldehyde) used to crosslink organic tanning agents is avoided. Furthermore the invention is environmentally friendly, as cheap synthetic tanning agents can be used instead of the conventionally used tanning agents produced by extraction of wood from tropic forests.
- US 3,212,996 describes a process for enzymatic modification of organic tanning agents.
- This prior art process is concerned with the same enzymes and the 5 same organic tanning agents as in relation to the method according to the invention, but the modified tanning agents in the prior art method are produced separately from the leather, whereas the modified tanning agents in the method according to the invention are produced in situ on the leather. Due to this in situ process the degree fixation of the modified tanning agents is superior in the method according to the invention in comparison to the prior art method.
- Oxidoreductases which are defined and described in "Enzyme Nomenclature 1984, Academic press, Inc., New York, London” belong to a class of enzymes that catalyze transfer of electrons from one substance to another (oxidation-reduction). It includes dehydrogenases, reductases, oxidases, transhydrogenases, peroxidases, and oxygenases. Specific examples include horseradish peroxidase, ligninases and other peroxidases such as e.g. chloroperoxidase and lactoperoxidase, and such oxidases as laccase and tyrosinase. These enzymes are preferably of microbial origin.
- microorganism genera which may be used for production of suitable oxidoreductases are: Trametes, Rhizoctonia, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces, Hygrophorus, Coprinus, Polyporus, Candida, Curvularia, Cercospora.
- the invention is not restricted to enzymes derived from the above mentioned taxa. All microorganisms producing oxidoreductases with the desired properties may be used in relation to this invention.
- the primary substrate for the oxidoreductase is the aromatic compound, preferably a phenol, which is a vegetable or synthetic tan or tanning agent. Examples of vegetable tans which usually are polyphenol compounds extracted from plant materials are.
- catechol tans or so-called condensed tans
- pyrogallol tans or hydrolysable tans
- Examples of synthetic tans include, but are not limited to, mono- or oligomeric aromatic or aliphatic compounds, optionally substituted with one or more of the following functional groups: -halogen, -OH, -SO3H " , -COOH, -NH 2 , -OCH3, or aryl, alkyl, alkene each of which may also be substituted as above.
- Further compounds, which may be used as tanning agents include heterocyclic and aliphatic compounds with the same functional groups as above indicated.
- aromatic compounds which may serve as primary substrates for the oxidoreductase in the present invention include: catechol, aniline, tyrosine, catechin, aromatic amino acids and derivatives thereof, pyrogallol, gallic acid, ferulic acid, 2-methyl-1 napthol, 2,6-disubstituted monophenols, guaiacol, coniferyl alcohol, protocatechuic acid, resorcinol, hydroquinone, caffeic acid, m-cresol, p-coumaric acid, anisidine, syringuldazine and syringaldehyde.
- the oxidizing agent which is the secondary substrate for the oxidoreductase can be hydrogen peroxide, methyl peroxide, or ethyl peroxide if the oxidoreductase is a peroxidase, and oxygen, if the oxidoreductase is an oxidase.
- the hides and the tanning bath are kept under oxygen free conditions in order to prevent uncontrolled polymerization prior to a sufficient penetration of the oxidase and the tanning agent into the hide matrix.
- peroxidases and oxidases can effect oxidative polymerization of a wide variety of phenolic compounds (vide e.g. US patents 4,900,671 and 4,647,952), and furthermore that the reaction products from these reactions are highly dependent on reaction conditions and the type of enzyme used. Also, it belongs to the prior art that oxidase and peroxidase catalyzed polymerization reactions, which involve the intermediacy of phenolic radicals, can be effected in both aqueous and solvent based systems, whereby the organic solvent can be water miscible or water immiscible.
- the method according to the invention is performed by first applying the tanning agent(s) and the oxidoreductase to the hide either as separate solutions or as a mixture. Having obtained a uniform distribution of enzyme and tanning agent(s) within the collagen matrix, secondly polymerization is initiated by addition of the oxidation agent.
- enzyme and possibly solvent are brought in contact with the hide under oxygen free conditions in order to prevent uncontrolled polymerization prior to having achieved a sufficient penetration of the oxidoreductase/tanning agent mix into the hide matrix.
- the polymerization process is carried out in a pure aqueous system or in solvent systems, the solvents) being water miscible or water immiscible.
- the pH may be controlled by employing conventional buffers (e.g. phosphate, carbonate/bicarbonate, tartrate, carbonate, or acetate buffers).
- the polymerization process may be further controlled by metering the addition of peroxide or oxygen.
- the enzymatic reaction may be. terminated by chemical or thermal inactivation of the enzyme, by carefully metering the oxidizing agent or e.g. by addition of catalase in the case where a peroxidase is used.
- the enzymatic reaction may be carried out at room temperature, but temperatures between 0 and 95°C can also be used, although most enzymes will not work sufficiently well above about 60 - 70°C.
- the pH range of the process would be
- Process conditions may be additionally optimized by varying the relative concentrations of the organic and inorganic substrates, polarity and concentration of solvent, enzyme concentration etc.
- Peroxidases and oxidases are known to exhibit broad substrate specificity, and the present invention thus makes possible a "tailormade" process for tanning by allowing the use of new and improved tanning agents.
- new and/or additional functionalities e.g. positively or negatively charged substituents
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the oxidoreductase is a peroxidase, and the tanning agent is a synthetic or vegetable, aromatic tanning agent. In this manner a high quality leather can be produced, especially a leather with high shrinking temperature.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the oxidoreductase is an oxidase, and the tanning agent is a synthetic or vegetable, aromatic tanning agent. In this manner a high quality leather can be produced, especially a leather with high shrinking temperature.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the oxidoreductase is producible by means of Polyporus pinsitus ⁇ Trametes villosa). In this manner use can be made of commercially available and cheap oxidoreductases.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the oxidoreductase is a laccase producible by means of Polyporus. In this manner use can be made of commercially available and cheap oxidoreductases.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the oxidoreductase is producible by means of Coprinus cinereus. In this manner use can be made of commercially available and cheap oxidoreductases.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the oxidoreductase is a peroxidase producible by means of Polyporus pinsitus ⁇ Trametes villosa). In this manner use can be made of commercially available and cheap oxidoreductases.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the tanning bath is aqueous. In this manner the 5 tanning can be performed in an environmentally friendly manner.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the tanning bath is organic. In this manner an improved polymerization and thus an improved degree of fixation can be obtained.
- a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the pH of the tanning bath is 2 - 11 , preferably 2 - 8. Inside these pH intervals the enzymes exhibit satisfactory activity, and thus, a satisfactory degree of fixation can be obtained.
- the PODU is the laccase activity unit, defined in AF 279/2-GB, except for the fact that no hydrogen peroxide was added, and that the buffer is 0.1 N sodium acetate with pH 5 (instead of 0.1 M phosphate buffer with pH 7).
- the mixture was stirred on a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for about 2.5 days whereafter the shrinking temperature was measured according to the method indicated in Messung der Schrumpfungstemperat ⁇ r, part des Leders, Vol. 10, page 157-154, Joachim Lange, 1982, Umschau Verlag.
- the oxidation agent during the stirring was atmospheric oxygen.
- a stock solution of Indulin AT 8 Kraft lignin (from Westwaco) was made as follows. A suspension of the Kraft lignin in 0.1 M universal buffer of pH 5.5 was heated to 80°C for 15 minutes followed by centrifugation and filtration, so that only the soluble part of the Kraft lignin was used. The solubility at pH 5.5 is 5.5 mg/ml.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP93901663A EP0617738A1 (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1992-12-16 | Method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents |
BR9206915A BR9206915A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1992-12-16 | Process for tanning hides using tanning agents in a tanning bath |
JP5510532A JPH07502059A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1992-12-16 | Method for tanning leather with tanning agents |
KR1019940702137A KR940703928A (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1992-12-16 | METHOD FOR TANNING OF HIDES BY MEANS OF TANNING AGENTS |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATPCT/DK91/00398 | 1991-12-18 | ||
DK9100398 | 1991-12-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1993012259A1 true WO1993012259A1 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
Family
ID=8153708
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DK1992/000377 WO1993012259A1 (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1992-12-16 | Method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0617738A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH07502059A (en) |
KR (1) | KR940703928A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9206915A (en) |
MX (1) | MX9207375A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993012259A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5770418A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1998-06-23 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Purified polyporus laccases and nucleic acids encoding same |
WO1999051757A1 (en) * | 1998-04-02 | 1999-10-14 | Consortium für elektrochemische Industrie GmbH | Expression system for producing proteins |
US6232101B1 (en) * | 1994-07-26 | 2001-05-15 | Novozymes A/S Patents | Oxidase-promoted gelling of phenolic polymers |
WO2002018662A1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2002-03-07 | Trumpler Gmbh & Co. Chemische Fabrik | Agent and method for enzymatically tanning skins |
WO2002050313A2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Novozymes A/S | Method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3212996A (en) * | 1960-01-05 | 1965-10-19 | Georgia Pacific Corp | Process for enzymatically modifying organic tanning agents and products thereof |
US4740211A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1988-04-26 | Seton Company, Inc. | Chromium-free tanning process |
-
1991
- 1991-12-18 MX MX9207375A patent/MX9207375A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1992
- 1992-12-16 KR KR1019940702137A patent/KR940703928A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-12-16 WO PCT/DK1992/000377 patent/WO1993012259A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-12-16 EP EP93901663A patent/EP0617738A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-12-16 JP JP5510532A patent/JPH07502059A/en active Pending
- 1992-12-16 BR BR9206915A patent/BR9206915A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3212996A (en) * | 1960-01-05 | 1965-10-19 | Georgia Pacific Corp | Process for enzymatically modifying organic tanning agents and products thereof |
US4740211A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1988-04-26 | Seton Company, Inc. | Chromium-free tanning process |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5770418A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1998-06-23 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Purified polyporus laccases and nucleic acids encoding same |
US6232101B1 (en) * | 1994-07-26 | 2001-05-15 | Novozymes A/S Patents | Oxidase-promoted gelling of phenolic polymers |
WO1999051757A1 (en) * | 1998-04-02 | 1999-10-14 | Consortium für elektrochemische Industrie GmbH | Expression system for producing proteins |
US6551797B1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 2003-04-22 | Consortium für Electrochemische Industrie GmbH | Expression system for producing proteins |
WO2002018662A1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2002-03-07 | Trumpler Gmbh & Co. Chemische Fabrik | Agent and method for enzymatically tanning skins |
US6849095B2 (en) | 2000-09-01 | 2005-02-01 | Trumpler Gmbh & Co. Chemische Fabrik | Agent and method for enzymatically tanning skins |
WO2002050313A2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Novozymes A/S | Method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents |
WO2002050313A3 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-09-19 | Novozymes As | Method for tanning of hides by means of tanning agents |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH07502059A (en) | 1995-03-02 |
KR940703928A (en) | 1994-12-12 |
EP0617738A1 (en) | 1994-10-05 |
BR9206915A (en) | 1995-11-21 |
MX9207375A (en) | 1993-07-01 |
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