WO1991011658A1 - Destruction de dechets a l'aide de plasma - Google Patents

Destruction de dechets a l'aide de plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991011658A1
WO1991011658A1 PCT/AU1990/000612 AU9000612W WO9111658A1 WO 1991011658 A1 WO1991011658 A1 WO 1991011658A1 AU 9000612 W AU9000612 W AU 9000612W WO 9111658 A1 WO9111658 A1 WO 9111658A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
plasma
carbon
chamber
waste
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1990/000612
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Noel Henry Wilson
Original Assignee
Noel Henry Wilson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Noel Henry Wilson filed Critical Noel Henry Wilson
Publication of WO1991011658A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991011658A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/62—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces
    • H05B3/64—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces using ribbon, rod, or wire heater
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/005—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys using plasma jets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/08—Apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/20—Supplementary heating arrangements using electric energy
    • F23G2204/201—Plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0031—Plasma-torch heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved process and ⁇ apparatus producing energy for the refining of metal ores and in particular to the non-ferrous and non-metallic metals from their ores .
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved process and apparatus for the simultaneous smelting and l*f refining of metal ores and non-metalics .
  • the invention provides a simultaneous energy smelting and refining apparatus comprising: a chamber ;
  • the wire wrapping or impregnated metal is tungsten, and the chamber has parabolic shaped top and bottom ⁇ walls.
  • Figure 1 illustrates one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates an electrode suitable for use in the present invention with atomised water injection.
  • the apparatus comprises a housing (1) having the inner surface thereof lined with suitable refractories containing heat resisting stainless steel coils »5 (2) . These stainless steel pipe coils within the refractory walls are for the purpose of liquid cooling and energy generation.
  • the inner surfaces of the top (3) and bottom (4) are parabolic in shape.
  • the chamber is circular in cross- section.
  • the housing is pivotally mounted on supports (5) by Q means of the pivot collar (6).
  • Liquid coolant is piped into the stainless steel coils inside the refractories from the liquid coolant inlet (?) Superheated coolant comes out through the coolant outlet (8) , which then travels onto a heat exchanger then back into the ⁇ cooling system.
  • the water-cooled holder holds the atomised water
  • injection needle valve (11) being supported by the pivot
  • the electrode as shown in Figure 2 comprises a carbon electrode (10) held between two water-cooled holders (11)
  • One embodiment utilises as ring of active ion producing metal, such as tungsten or beryllium, on the graphite electrode to be similarly heated by the passage of electricity 'S to produce ions.
  • a heat-resistant washer (12) isolates the ring (13) from the effects of the water-cooled holder (11)
  • a helical coil (14) of suitable metal could be wound around the carbon electrode, as shown, or the carbon electrode can be impregnated with a I ⁇ suitable metal powder.
  • the chamber is pre-heated by passing current through the carbon electrode (10) and a quantity of ore, for example, cassiterite, is placed therein and the chamber sealed.
  • ore for example, cassiterite
  • the process can also be w9orked by mixing the ore with anthracite or by the passing of carbon monoxide into the chamber.
  • the plasma Q itself is an isotopic series of carbon in a gaseous state; ie tricarbon monoxide
  • the plasma field is generated in pulses.
  • Each pulse of plasma pumps up behind the pulse that has preceeded it.
  • C3O breaks down to CO.
  • the optical pumping with circularly polarised light generates angular momentum which is transferred to a collection of atoms in the gaseous state (Alfred Kastler; New. Direction in Atomic Physics ISBNO - 300-01398-1) .
  • the continuous stream of pulses described as optical pumping or "weak interaction" builds up pressure in the chamber and reflects and refracts the electromagnetic waves (which are in the form of light waves) , creating a laser shine .
  • the laser shine absorbs with the flow of pulses still being continuously generated. The absorption causes what are known as "hot spots”.
  • the frequency of absorption is extremely high, and is known as an aneutronic reaction.This is the kinetic energy of 15 charged particles.
  • atomised water is injected in a controlled manner
  • the above can be used as a Velox Beehive steam-producin Boiler or for the incineration of various wastes.
  • a temperature of 4000 degrees C represents an average energy of particles of only 0.4 electron-volts, which is that of chemical, not nuclear processes.
  • graphite(carbon) Several processes will take place when graphite(carbon) , at this temperature, is exposed to water vapour. The most important will be that the 10 carbon, C, combines with the oxygen, 0, in water, H2O, producing carbon monoxide, CO, which is a flammable gas, and free gaseous hydrogen which also is flammable. Both will combine explosively with the oxygen in the air, producing * carbon dioxide, CO ⁇ , water, H2O, and a corresponding amount o

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit un four qui sépare les métaux de leurs minerais dans un procédé effectué en une seule étape dans laquelle on fait appel à une atmosphère de réduction par un plasma de carbone rare. Une deuxième application concerne l'injection de l'eau dans cette atmosphère, provoquant ainsi la création d'une flamme explosive, qui est utilisable comme source d'énergie. Pendant que le tuyau hélicoïdal en acier inoxydable situé dans les matières réfractaires refroidit le dispositif, il peut également servir de génératrice mue par vapeur pressurisée, reliée ensuite à des turbines entraînées par vapeur. Une troisième application concerne l'atomisation des déchets transformés en liquide et injectés dans la chambre surchauffée, qui ensuite décompose les déchets dans leurs éléments constitutifs.
PCT/AU1990/000612 1990-01-29 1991-01-16 Destruction de dechets a l'aide de plasma WO1991011658A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPJ836690 1990-01-29
AUPJ8366 1990-01-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991011658A1 true WO1991011658A1 (fr) 1991-08-08

Family

ID=3774474

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1990/000612 WO1991011658A1 (fr) 1990-01-29 1991-01-16 Destruction de dechets a l'aide de plasma

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1991011658A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5611947A (en) * 1994-09-07 1997-03-18 Alliant Techsystems, Inc. Induction steam plasma torch for generating a steam plasma for treating a feed slurry
US5648592A (en) * 1994-05-03 1997-07-15 Pierce; Charles L. Method and apparatus for treating waste and for obtaining usable by-product
WO1997032047A1 (fr) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-04 Peter George Dunkel Four de fusion/affinage ferme hermetiquement
CN108826664A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-11-16 吴绍强 等离子体加热锅炉

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE608152C (de) * 1933-06-30 1935-01-16 Paul Richalet Glasschmelzofen
DE735985C (de) * 1938-08-18 1943-06-03 Otto Junker Fa Elektrischer, auf Rollen ruhender Trommelschmelzofen
DE887874C (de) * 1940-06-24 1953-08-27 Saint Gobain Elektrischer Ofen zur Herstellung verdichtbarer Produkte
US2778866A (en) * 1957-01-22 Electric furnace
AU5851180A (en) * 1979-05-15 1980-11-20 Wilson, N.H. Reduction of ores
US4438706A (en) * 1981-02-27 1984-03-27 Villamosipari Kutato Intezet Procedure and equipment for destroying waste by plasma technique
AU2388884A (en) * 1983-01-27 1985-01-03 Wilson, N.H. Thermal diffusion
AU2996884A (en) * 1984-01-23 1985-08-01 Pyroplasma International, N.V. Plasma pyrolsis of waste
AU4106585A (en) * 1984-10-23 1986-05-01 Skf Steel Engineering Ab Cleaning waste gases
WO1986003282A1 (fr) * 1984-11-19 1986-06-05 Noel Henry Wilson Four electrique a electrode en carbone pour la fonte et l'affinage de minerais
US4601786A (en) * 1983-04-21 1986-07-22 Skf Steel Engineering Ab Recovery of chemicals from pulp waste liquor with plasma generator heating
US4770109A (en) * 1987-05-04 1988-09-13 Retech, Inc. Apparatus and method for high temperature disposal of hazardous waste materials
WO1989010162A1 (fr) * 1988-04-21 1989-11-02 Jdc Corporation Incinerateur de dechets dangereux utilisant un plasma de resonance cyclotronique
US4886001A (en) * 1988-08-08 1989-12-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method and apparatus for plasma pyrolysis of liquid waste
US4896614A (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-01-30 Prabhakar Kulkarni Method and apparatus for treatment of hazardous waste in absence of oxygen

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2778866A (en) * 1957-01-22 Electric furnace
DE608152C (de) * 1933-06-30 1935-01-16 Paul Richalet Glasschmelzofen
DE735985C (de) * 1938-08-18 1943-06-03 Otto Junker Fa Elektrischer, auf Rollen ruhender Trommelschmelzofen
DE887874C (de) * 1940-06-24 1953-08-27 Saint Gobain Elektrischer Ofen zur Herstellung verdichtbarer Produkte
AU5851180A (en) * 1979-05-15 1980-11-20 Wilson, N.H. Reduction of ores
US4438706A (en) * 1981-02-27 1984-03-27 Villamosipari Kutato Intezet Procedure and equipment for destroying waste by plasma technique
AU2388884A (en) * 1983-01-27 1985-01-03 Wilson, N.H. Thermal diffusion
US4601786A (en) * 1983-04-21 1986-07-22 Skf Steel Engineering Ab Recovery of chemicals from pulp waste liquor with plasma generator heating
AU2996884A (en) * 1984-01-23 1985-08-01 Pyroplasma International, N.V. Plasma pyrolsis of waste
AU4106585A (en) * 1984-10-23 1986-05-01 Skf Steel Engineering Ab Cleaning waste gases
WO1986003282A1 (fr) * 1984-11-19 1986-06-05 Noel Henry Wilson Four electrique a electrode en carbone pour la fonte et l'affinage de minerais
US4770109A (en) * 1987-05-04 1988-09-13 Retech, Inc. Apparatus and method for high temperature disposal of hazardous waste materials
WO1989010162A1 (fr) * 1988-04-21 1989-11-02 Jdc Corporation Incinerateur de dechets dangereux utilisant un plasma de resonance cyclotronique
US4886001A (en) * 1988-08-08 1989-12-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method and apparatus for plasma pyrolysis of liquid waste
US4896614A (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-01-30 Prabhakar Kulkarni Method and apparatus for treatment of hazardous waste in absence of oxygen

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5648592A (en) * 1994-05-03 1997-07-15 Pierce; Charles L. Method and apparatus for treating waste and for obtaining usable by-product
US5611947A (en) * 1994-09-07 1997-03-18 Alliant Techsystems, Inc. Induction steam plasma torch for generating a steam plasma for treating a feed slurry
WO1997032047A1 (fr) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-04 Peter George Dunkel Four de fusion/affinage ferme hermetiquement
CN108826664A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-11-16 吴绍强 等离子体加热锅炉

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