WO1991009334A1 - Optical system for multidirectional observation authorizing the selection of a direction - Google Patents
Optical system for multidirectional observation authorizing the selection of a direction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1991009334A1 WO1991009334A1 PCT/FR1990/000896 FR9000896W WO9109334A1 WO 1991009334 A1 WO1991009334 A1 WO 1991009334A1 FR 9000896 W FR9000896 W FR 9000896W WO 9109334 A1 WO9109334 A1 WO 9109334A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- prism
- group
- fields
- prisms
- axis
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
- G02B23/08—Periscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
- G02B23/04—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors for the purpose of beam splitting or combining, e.g. fitted with eyepieces for more than one observer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/12—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices with means for image conversion or intensification
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/64—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image
Definitions
- the present invention is in the field of optics and more particularly relates to a device essentially consisting of lenses and prisms intended to allow endoscopic, periscopic and / or panoramic observations.
- periscopic comprising a group of fields, one or two prisms with roreal reflection, and an ocular assembly or means of electronic transmission of the image.
- a first type of periscope is made up of a single eyepiece and a single objective, its field of vision is 60 °; it can however turn around its axis to ensure observation in all directions.
- a - ⁇ second type periscope has two goals and two eyepieces and wider field of ESR observations.
- a third type of periscope includes several lenses and several eyepieces so that one can observe in all directions.
- a periscope, called panoramic is equipped with a large mirror on which all the images transmitted by the jecrifs converge.
- the aim of the present invention is to propose a particular arrangement of diprres (lenses and prisms) allowing multidirectional, or even panoramic, observation at long or short distance (endoscopic observation), er which can also lend itself to very great miniaturization. authorize its embarkation aboard heavy equipment requiring low weight.
- Another object of the invention is to propose an operative system with several opric axes allowing the sequential scanning of the observations following these various axes and the electronic processing of the images in order to restore a panorama.
- an optical observation system of the kind which may comprise at least one optical group called fields, at least one prism with total reflection intended to return at right angles the optical axis and the light beam coming from said group of fields at least, and at least one optical group called collector intended to process the light beam to provide either a virtual image usable by the eye for example, or a real image usable by a photosensitive caprex, said sensor, to indirectly provide an electronic image, is generally characterized in that between each of the field groups and at least the collector beam is arranged a prism whose angle and refractive index (n) are such that the light beam coming from the field group associated with the prism and penetrating through a face called d entry of the latter, is reflected entirely on the base of the prism forming a reflecting face, this face being roughly parallel to the axis, or median radius, of the beam arriving on the face of entry of the prism, and re-emerges through the other face known as of exit, with a direcrion of exit substantially parallel to its
- a member is interposed on the path of the beams coming from the separating prisms, in order to be able to select and only pass, alternatively, the beam from only one of the separating prisms.
- the optical axis of the group of fields of at least one of said sets is made perpendicular to the axis of its separating prism by the interposition of a return prism
- certain reflecting bases are inside the device, that is to say still close to a central axis, while others are at
- the separating prisms are cut, on their lateral faces other than their reflecting face, to be contiguous and form a solid block.
- the separating prisms are equally distributed in the volume of a cylindrical crown, a central space forming the center of the volume allowing the passage of a axial beam.
- This embodiment can be treated as well in intra-axial mode as in extra-axial mode.
- At least one group of fields (but preferably all) is formed of lenses cut asymmetrically with respect to their optical axis.
- optical axes of each of the sets j _o converge towards one same first sensitive surface, for, thanks to the selector, it sequentially succeed.
- - fig.l is a schematic representation of a conventional periscopic observation device
- 20 - fig.2 is an illustration similar to that of fig.l of a device comparable to that of this figure, but incorporating the characteristics of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram making it possible to understand the invention in its generality, in the case of axial observation, and to give definitions thereof,
- Q - fig.5 is a schematic illustrarion of an embodiment, according to an intra-axial mode, of a device of the invention allowing axial and radial observations,
- - fig.7 is a representation of the same seen along the axis of the device
- - fig.8 is a sectional illustration of another embodiment according to an extra-axial mode of a device of the invention
- - fig.9 is a representation in axial view of the same
- - Fig.10 is an illustration in axial view similar to that of Fig.7 and 9 of another embodiment of a device of the invention
- - Fig.ll is an axial representation of a another embodiment of a device of the invention
- a conventional periscopic observation device comprises a group of fields 1 consisting of a certain number of lenses forming them a converging or alternatively afocal opric system, two prisms 2, 2 'with total reflection and an ocular optical group 3 said collector; the prisms 2, 2 'with total reflection are used to return the optical axis 4,4', 4 "at a right angle.
- the field group whose angular aperture is generally not greater than 90 °, rotates around a vertical part of the optical axis, with the disadvantage of mechanical means and a significant correlative size.
- a panoramic observation system of the invention comprises as essential differences the presence of separating prisms 5 and a selector member 6; we also note that groups of fields 8 are lenses cut asymmetrically.
- fig.3 a light beam 10, coming from an object located at infinity, meets a group of fields 11 which focuses it, for example, at a point 12; on the path of the beam, and in downstream of the group of fields 11, a prism 5, called a separator, is arranged, the fictitious edge of which is shown in 13, is octagonal to the axis of the beam; the prism 5 comprises (see also fig.
- the index of the glass constituting the prism and the prism angle thereof that is to say the dihedral angle formed by the planes of the inlet and outlet faces, are such that a radius light propagating along the axis of the prism is reflected towards about the middle of the reflecting face and emerges from the prism in the extension of itself.
- the luminous brush which represents the whole of the entry face has been represented by 17 and we can see how this brush reverses by crossing the prism; the axis 14 of the brush or median radius, which is also the axis of the beam, coincides with the axis 18 of the prism.
- this lens is offset parallel to itself and perpendicular to the axis of the brush to come occu ⁇ per the position shown in 11 'in thick line, the distance d_ offset is such that the edge of the brush 17 meet again the edge of the lens.
- the useful part of the lens is shown by cross-hatching which after deca ⁇ lage is crossed by the brush 17.
- the lens and the separating prism are offset transversely with respect to each other and perpendicularly with respect to the path of the rays so that a ray having a long optical path in the prism , has a short optical path in the lens (or in the group of fields) and vice versa.
- a ray having a long optical path in the prism has a short optical path in the lens (or in the group of fields) and vice versa.
- Fig.4 which illustrates this last case, shows that by applying the rule of symmetry with respect to a plane, the offset of the optical center of the lens always proceeds from its distance from the reflecting face of the prism.
- a return prism by 3.3' a collector, by 5.5 'a separating prism, by 6.6' a selector, by 7.7 'the reflective face of a separating prism, by 8.8 'a group of fields, by 14.14' an axis, or central radius of a light brush, by 18.18 'the "axis" of a separating prism rel such axis has been defined above, with an axis 19 'of a central device, the reflecting faces parallelle st through roughly the center of gravity of disposirif, 20 by a sensitive surface such as phorocathode for example.
- an intraxial device is comparable to that of Fig.2, except that it has an axis 14 'of axial vision, that the collector 6 is perpendicular to the 'central axis 19, and that it has, instead of an eyepiece, a sensitive plate 20.
- Fig.6 makes it easy to understand, by offering them a three-dimensional correspondence, the meaning of fig.5 and 7.
- two separating prisms 5,5 ′ are joined by their reflecting ases 7,7 ′.
- a device of the extra-axial type is quite comparable to that of fig.2, except that the separating prisms 5,5 'are joined by their faces opposite to the reflecting bases 7,7'; it will be observed that the groups of fields 8,8 'are inverted with respect to those of fig. 2.
- the collector 3 has been represented as a 'zoom' with a widely variable focal length.
- the device is also of the extra-axial type but it comprises four separating prisms, each being cut like a triangular prism, with a section of isosceles right triangle and with end faces converging towards the rectangular edge; the prisms are joined by their faces adjacent to the retangular edge; these edges merge with the central axis 19; the transverse secretion of the assembly perpendicular to the axis 19 is a square; a section through a plane passing through the axis 19 and through the middle of one of the reflecting faces would be comparable to FIG. 8; the reflecting face of each of the prisms is the face opposite the rectangular edge; the four field claws, open at 90 °, cover, if the axis 19 is vertical, the toralire of the horizon.
- a device of the extra-axial type, comprises eight prisms cut in the shape of curled pyramids with recrangular bases, and joined by their lateral faces to fit into a cylindrical crown and to form around the central axis 19 a hollow space 25 which can be used to allow the passage of an axial beam of light which can be received on a large aperture system of the grandangular type.
- the hollow central space could also be used to house a device with four separating prisms such as that of FIG. 10 but shown for the axial position (absence of deflection prisms and central axis merged with the optical axis of a single group of fields).
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8916847A FR2655741B1 (en) | 1989-12-12 | 1989-12-12 | MULTIDIRECTIONAL OBSERVATION OPTICAL SYSTEM AUTHORIZING THE SELECTION OF A DIRECTION. |
FR89/16847 | 1989-12-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1991009334A1 true WO1991009334A1 (en) | 1991-06-27 |
Family
ID=9388724
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1990/000896 WO1991009334A1 (en) | 1989-12-12 | 1990-12-10 | Optical system for multidirectional observation authorizing the selection of a direction |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU6913791A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2655741B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991009334A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998028641A1 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-02 | Night Vision General Partnership | Panoramic night vision goggles |
DE102005008153B4 (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2008-01-31 | Isolde Scharf | Endoscopic observation device |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0054127A2 (en) * | 1980-12-11 | 1982-06-23 | Firma Carl Zeiss | Articulated optics |
EP0065457A1 (en) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-11-24 | Societe D'applications Generales D'electricite Et De Mecanique S A G E M | Periscope for submarines with a plurality of watch heads |
-
1989
- 1989-12-12 FR FR8916847A patent/FR2655741B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-12-10 AU AU69137/91A patent/AU6913791A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-12-10 WO PCT/FR1990/000896 patent/WO1991009334A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0054127A2 (en) * | 1980-12-11 | 1982-06-23 | Firma Carl Zeiss | Articulated optics |
EP0065457A1 (en) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-11-24 | Societe D'applications Generales D'electricite Et De Mecanique S A G E M | Periscope for submarines with a plurality of watch heads |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998028641A1 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-02 | Night Vision General Partnership | Panoramic night vision goggles |
DE102005008153B4 (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2008-01-31 | Isolde Scharf | Endoscopic observation device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6913791A (en) | 1991-07-18 |
FR2655741A1 (en) | 1991-06-14 |
FR2655741B1 (en) | 1992-09-11 |
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