WO1990006847A1 - Fire barrier material - Google Patents

Fire barrier material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990006847A1
WO1990006847A1 PCT/US1989/005564 US8905564W WO9006847A1 WO 1990006847 A1 WO1990006847 A1 WO 1990006847A1 US 8905564 W US8905564 W US 8905564W WO 9006847 A1 WO9006847 A1 WO 9006847A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fire
fabric
fire barrier
thin film
invention defined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1989/005564
Other languages
French (fr)
Original Assignee
Orcon Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orcon Corporation filed Critical Orcon Corporation
Publication of WO1990006847A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990006847A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/003—Fire-resistant or fire-fighters' clothes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D11/00—Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for
    • B64D11/06—Arrangements of seats, or adaptations or details specially adapted for aircraft seats
    • B64D11/0647—Seats characterised by special upholstery or cushioning features
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B32B2307/7246—Water vapor barrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/18—Aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fire resistant materials. More specifically, the invention relates to flexible laminate material for acting as a fire barrier to hold back flames of a fire from critical areas for a period of time.
  • Patent No. 2,801,427 discloses a fire barrier product including a glass fiber fabric laminated to an impermeable film or foil.
  • Patent No. 3,913,309 describes a blend of fibers in a yarn or a fabric, wherein some of the fibers of the com ⁇ posite have lower melting points than others so that on exposure to heat, melting of some fibers occurs, accom ⁇ panied by the formation of deposits which are said to increase heat resistant properties.
  • Patent No. 4,001,477 also discloses blends of fibers in a flame resistant cloth. Synthetic fibers may be blended with one another or with fire resistant fibers including glass fibers.
  • Patent No. 4,348,450 is directed to a packaging mater ⁇ ial having fire retardant properties.
  • the material is laminated of several layers including a metal foil sheet bonded to a non-woven glass fiber paper-like sheet.
  • Patent No. 4,690,851 is directed to a textured glass fiber and carbon fiber product in which the fabric is impregnated with a phenolic resin, in order to produce a SUBS TITUTE SHEET fabric having fire resistance, good mechanical strength and light weight.
  • the fabric was intended for use in articles in an aircraft interior.
  • Patent No. 4,690,859 relates to a fire barrier fabric for upholstered furniture and bedding, including a glass fiber abric coated with an encapsulating coating intended to minimize self abrasion by the glass fibers.
  • the coat ⁇ ing adheres to the glass fabric even when subjected to heat and flames.
  • the coating is said to avoid contributing to the fuel value of the fabric and to be "breathable", i.e. having at least some degree of porosity.
  • the encapsulating coating was applied to the glass fiber fabric in the form of a foam.
  • a primer coating may first be applied to the glass fiber fabric to improve adhesion of the encapsulating coating.
  • None of the fire barrier products or constructions previous to this invention embraces a cloth or fabric which is very thin, flexible, very light in weight, wear resist- ant, tough and resistant to tearing, and substantially impervious to moisture. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight fire barrier fabric having all these advantageous properties, the product being particularly useful in aircraft applications. Disclosure of the Invention
  • a fire barrier fabric product achieves the advantages of lightness in weight, a barrier to moisture, protection against destructive wear of the fire barrier fibers, high strength with resistance to tearing, and an efficient barrier against burn through of flame for an appreciable and useful length of time.
  • the plastic film provides a moisture barrier with low moisture vapor transmission and preferably is adhered to the glass fiber fire barrier mesh by an adhesive.
  • the plastic film in conjunction with the adhesive tends to hold the brittle fibers in place, tending to prevent self-abrasion, and it also provides a protective, low-friction surface which protects the brittle fibers against abrasion from other adjacent materials and stabilizes the fabric for handling and processing.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective, exploded view illustrating the construction of a preferred fire barrier material in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view showing one side of a section of the material, greatly enlarged as compared with Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the material, generally as seen along the lines 3-3 in Figure 2.
  • Figure 1 shows in exploded view one preferred construction of a fire barrier material 10 of the invention.
  • the fire barrier material 10 illustrated in Figure 1 has the qualities of being thin, flexible, not creasing when wrinkled, maintains shape, light in weight, wear resistant, tear resistant and substantially impervious to
  • the fire barrier material 10 includes a woven glass fiber mesh fabric 12, a scrim webbing 14, a heat seal adhesive coating 16 and a thin film 18 which is substantially impervious to moisture.
  • Figure 1 is an enlarged view with the components shown considerably larger than actual size; for example, the spacing in the scrim webbing 14 may be about 1/16 to 1/2 of an inch. Also, the scale and relationship of sizes and thicknesses of the various components is not intended to be accurate.
  • the glass fiber mesh fabric 12 may be a style 108 or 1080 glass fiber fabric (as designated by manufacturer Burlington Industries, for example) finished with a silane coupling agent or chromate coupling agent to give a permanent bond to the glass fiber.
  • 1080 glass fabric comprises 60 X 47 yarns per inch of 900 1/2 E-glass yarns, a relatively light but very tight weave. Such fabric is common in the printed circuit field as a con ⁇ struction material for PC board stock.
  • the glass fabric 12 provides substantially all the fire barrier qualities of the fire barrier material 10.
  • the 1080 glass fabric has a thickness of about .002 inch and a weight of approximately 1.44 ounce per square yard.
  • the scrim webbing 14 imparts tear resistance to the fire barrier material 10, in both the warp direction (warp fibers 14a, Figures 1 and 3) and the fill direction (fill fibers 14b).
  • the warp and fill fibers of the scrim webbing 14 may both be, synthetic or glass fibers for example, 70d nylon.
  • the fill yarn fibers 14b preferably are adhesive soaked, with the warp yarn fibers having adhesive applied at crossover points.
  • the adhesive layer 16 may be a heat-seal coating
  • the heat-seal adhesive coating may comprise, for example, polyurethane adhesive with fire retardants added.
  • the thin film 18, the bottom layer of the composite laminate material 10 as seen in Figure 1, may be a polyest ⁇ er film of approximately .0002 inch thickness. For ex ⁇ ample, this may be 20C Mylar, trademark Dupont.
  • the film 18 serves several purposes: it is substan ⁇ tially impervious to moisture, and, in conjunction with the heat sealable coating, it bonds to the glass fiber mesh fabric 12 to protect the glass fiber mesh against abrasion and wear.
  • the film 18 and the coating layer 16 prevent self-abrasion by shifting movement of the glass fiber mesh 12 in use, by substantially fixing the individual glass fibers in place and preventing them from deleterious wear against one another, which over time will break the brittle fibers.
  • the film layer 18 also prevents abrasion of the glass fibers of the mesh 12 by adjacent materials on the film side of the fire barrier material 10. Importantly, the thin film 18 (and the coating 16) do not alter the fire resistant character of the glass fiber fabric 12.
  • the invention also encompasses the lamination of the scrim webbing 14 to a glass fiber mesh fabric 12 (such as by heat seal adhesion), without the thin film 18.
  • a lamina ⁇ tion still provides an advantageous fire barrier product having the qualities of being very thin, flexible, not creasing when wrinkled, light in weight, tear resistant and wear resistant to some degree.
  • the scrim webbing 14 provides some wear resistance on one side, and the use of adhesive still has some beneficial effect in tending to fix individual glass fibers in place, reducing self-abrasion.
  • the invention in its broadest aspects also encompasses a lamination as shown in Figures 1 and 3 but without the scrim webbing 14.
  • a laminate fire barrier has sub-
  • SUBSTITUTESHEET stantially all the qualities listed above for the preferred embodiment, but with less tear resistance.
  • a fire barrier product in accordance with the invention can also have additional elements.
  • the scrim webbing 14, adhesive layer 16 and thin film 18 can be laminated to the upper side of the glass fiber fabric 12 (as viewed in Figure 1), in addition to being laminated to the lower side as shown.
  • a fire break laminate material comprises a central glass fiber fabric 12 r surrounded by a reinforcing scrim webbing 14 on either side and with outer layers of protective, substantially moisture-impervious thin film 18 adhered to the composite laminate at both outer surfaces.
  • the glass fiber fabric 12 can be replaced with a fabric of ceramic fibers.
  • the laminated products of the present invention provide a fire barrier combined with an extremely lightweight, reinforced insulation covering.
  • these fire barrier laminates possess excellent moisture resistant, wear resistant, tear resistant, crease resistant and fire blocking properties.
  • the film surface of the fire barrier laminates presents excellent resistance to chemicals, solvents and petroleum products, and the laminate materials have excellent sewing characteristics.
  • Flammability Zero flame time , zero glow tine per FAR Part 25, App. No drippings Vertical Burn Length Less than 5 inches
  • the substrate, reinforcement and adhesive are laminated to both sides of the glass fiber mesh fabric.
  • Style 7628 comprises 44x32 yarns per inch, of clean weave 75-1/0 E-glass yarns.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A lightweight fire barrier material (10) includes a woven glass fiber fabric laminated on one or both sides with a thin, tough skin or film (18) preferably having a low coefficient of friction and good resistance to abrasive action. The film or skin is retained to the fire resistant fabric with an adhesive (16) and serves to lock or freeze the glass fibers in place to prevent self-abrasion among the fibers. The laminate can be reinforced with a scrim reinforcement mesh (14) adhered between the fire resistant fabric and the film or skin. The fire barrier product provides resistance to burn through for an appreciable period of time, particularly in aircraft applications. The product is particularly useful for providing a fire barrier for containment of aircraft cabin walls.

Description

FIRE BARRIER MATERIAL DESCRIPTION
Technical Field
The invention relates to fire resistant materials. More specifically, the invention relates to flexible laminate material for acting as a fire barrier to hold back flames of a fire from critical areas for a period of time.
Background Art
A number of fire resistant or fire barrier materials in cloth or sheet-like form have been available or have been suggested previously. For example, see U.S. Patent Numbers 2,801,427; 3,913,309; 4,001,477; 4,348,450; 4,690,851 and 4,690,859. In such fire resistant or fire barrier products a variety of materials have been used, often including glass or ceramic fibers.
Patent No. 2,801,427 discloses a fire barrier product including a glass fiber fabric laminated to an impermeable film or foil.
Patent No. 3,913,309 describes a blend of fibers in a yarn or a fabric, wherein some of the fibers of the com¬ posite have lower melting points than others so that on exposure to heat, melting of some fibers occurs, accom¬ panied by the formation of deposits which are said to increase heat resistant properties.
Patent No. 4,001,477 also discloses blends of fibers in a flame resistant cloth. Synthetic fibers may be blended with one another or with fire resistant fibers including glass fibers.
Patent No. 4,348,450 is directed to a packaging mater¬ ial having fire retardant properties. The material is laminated of several layers including a metal foil sheet bonded to a non-woven glass fiber paper-like sheet.
Patent No. 4,690,851 is directed to a textured glass fiber and carbon fiber product in which the fabric is impregnated with a phenolic resin, in order to produce a SUBSTITUTE SHEET fabric having fire resistance, good mechanical strength and light weight. The fabric was intended for use in articles in an aircraft interior.
Patent No. 4,690,859 relates to a fire barrier fabric for upholstered furniture and bedding, including a glass fiber abric coated with an encapsulating coating intended to minimize self abrasion by the glass fibers. The coat¬ ing, according to the patent, adheres to the glass fabric even when subjected to heat and flames. The coating is said to avoid contributing to the fuel value of the fabric and to be "breathable", i.e. having at least some degree of porosity. The encapsulating coating was applied to the glass fiber fabric in the form of a foam. According to the patent a primer coating may first be applied to the glass fiber fabric to improve adhesion of the encapsulating coating.
None of the fire barrier products or constructions previous to this invention embraces a cloth or fabric which is very thin, flexible, very light in weight, wear resist- ant, tough and resistant to tearing, and substantially impervious to moisture. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight fire barrier fabric having all these advantageous properties, the product being particularly useful in aircraft applications. Disclosure of the Invention
In accordance with the present invention, a fire barrier fabric product achieves the advantages of lightness in weight, a barrier to moisture, protection against destructive wear of the fire barrier fibers, high strength with resistance to tearing, and an efficient barrier against burn through of flame for an appreciable and useful length of time.
These advantages are achieved, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, by the lamination of a fine glass fiber or ceramic fiber fire resistant mesh fabric with a plastic film of relatively high melting point and a scrim webbing which imparts a very good resistance to tearing and sewability.
SUBSTITUTESHEET The plastic film provides a moisture barrier with low moisture vapor transmission and preferably is adhered to the glass fiber fire barrier mesh by an adhesive. In addition to acting as a moisture barrier, the plastic film in conjunction with the adhesive tends to hold the brittle fibers in place, tending to prevent self-abrasion, and it also provides a protective, low-friction surface which protects the brittle fibers against abrasion from other adjacent materials and stabilizes the fabric for handling and processing.
Other and further objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which by way of illustration, show preferred embodiments of the present invention and the principles thereof and what are now considered to be the best modes contemplated for applying these principles. Other embodiments of the invention embodying the same or equivalent principles may be used and structural changes may be made as desired by those skilled in the art without departing from the present invention and the purview of the appended claims. Brief Description of the Drawings
Figure 1 is a perspective, exploded view illustrating the construction of a preferred fire barrier material in accordance with the invention.
Figure 2 is a plan view showing one side of a section of the material, greatly enlarged as compared with Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the material, generally as seen along the lines 3-3 in Figure 2. Industrial Applicability
In the drawings, Figure 1 shows in exploded view one preferred construction of a fire barrier material 10 of the invention.
The fire barrier material 10 illustrated in Figure 1 has the qualities of being thin, flexible, not creasing when wrinkled, maintains shape, light in weight, wear resistant, tear resistant and substantially impervious to
SUBSTITUTESHEET moisture, as well as providing an effective fire barrier against burnthrough of flames for an appreciable period of time.
In this preferred construction, the fire barrier material 10 includes a woven glass fiber mesh fabric 12, a scrim webbing 14, a heat seal adhesive coating 16 and a thin film 18 which is substantially impervious to moisture.
Figure 1 is an enlarged view with the components shown considerably larger than actual size; for example, the spacing in the scrim webbing 14 may be about 1/16 to 1/2 of an inch. Also, the scale and relationship of sizes and thicknesses of the various components is not intended to be accurate.
As an example, the glass fiber mesh fabric 12 may be a style 108 or 1080 glass fiber fabric (as designated by manufacturer Burlington Industries, for example) finished with a silane coupling agent or chromate coupling agent to give a permanent bond to the glass fiber. 1080 glass fabric comprises 60 X 47 yarns per inch of 900 1/2 E-glass yarns, a relatively light but very tight weave. Such fabric is common in the printed circuit field as a con¬ struction material for PC board stock. The glass fabric 12 provides substantially all the fire barrier qualities of the fire barrier material 10. The 1080 glass fabric has a thickness of about .002 inch and a weight of approximately 1.44 ounce per square yard.
The scrim webbing 14 imparts tear resistance to the fire barrier material 10, in both the warp direction (warp fibers 14a, Figures 1 and 3) and the fill direction (fill fibers 14b).
The warp and fill fibers of the scrim webbing 14 may both be, synthetic or glass fibers for example, 70d nylon. The fill yarn fibers 14b preferably are adhesive soaked, with the warp yarn fibers having adhesive applied at crossover points.
The adhesive layer 16 may be a heat-seal coating
SUBSTITUTESHEET approximately .0002inch in thickness. The heat-seal adhesive coating may comprise, for example, polyurethane adhesive with fire retardants added.
The thin film 18, the bottom layer of the composite laminate material 10 as seen in Figure 1, may be a polyest¬ er film of approximately .0002 inch thickness. For ex¬ ample, this may be 20C Mylar, trademark Dupont.
The film 18 serves several purposes: it is substan¬ tially impervious to moisture, and, in conjunction with the heat sealable coating, it bonds to the glass fiber mesh fabric 12 to protect the glass fiber mesh against abrasion and wear. The film 18 and the coating layer 16 prevent self-abrasion by shifting movement of the glass fiber mesh 12 in use, by substantially fixing the individual glass fibers in place and preventing them from deleterious wear against one another, which over time will break the brittle fibers. The film layer 18 also prevents abrasion of the glass fibers of the mesh 12 by adjacent materials on the film side of the fire barrier material 10. Importantly, the thin film 18 (and the coating 16) do not alter the fire resistant character of the glass fiber fabric 12.
In its broadest aspects, the invention also encompasses the lamination of the scrim webbing 14 to a glass fiber mesh fabric 12 (such as by heat seal adhesion), without the thin film 18. Although not having all of the benefits of the preferred embodiment as described above, such a lamina¬ tion still provides an advantageous fire barrier product having the qualities of being very thin, flexible, not creasing when wrinkled, light in weight, tear resistant and wear resistant to some degree. The scrim webbing 14 provides some wear resistance on one side, and the use of adhesive still has some beneficial effect in tending to fix individual glass fibers in place, reducing self-abrasion.
The invention in its broadest aspects also encompasses a lamination as shown in Figures 1 and 3 but without the scrim webbing 14. Such a laminate fire barrier has sub-
SUBSTITUTESHEET stantially all the qualities listed above for the preferred embodiment, but with less tear resistance.
It should also be understood, as further outlined below, that a number of different weights, weaves, and meshes of glass fabric 12 can be used as a principal fire barrier in the fire barrier laminates according to the invention.
A fire barrier product in accordance with the invention can also have additional elements. The scrim webbing 14, adhesive layer 16 and thin film 18 can be laminated to the upper side of the glass fiber fabric 12 (as viewed in Figure 1), in addition to being laminated to the lower side as shown. Thus, such a fire break laminate material comprises a central glass fiber fabric 12 r surrounded by a reinforcing scrim webbing 14 on either side and with outer layers of protective, substantially moisture-impervious thin film 18 adhered to the composite laminate at both outer surfaces.
In another variation to the preferred embodiment, the glass fiber fabric 12 can be replaced with a fabric of ceramic fibers.
The laminated products of the present invention provide a fire barrier combined with an extremely lightweight, reinforced insulation covering. In addition to outstanding strength-to-weight ratio, these fire barrier laminates possess excellent moisture resistant, wear resistant, tear resistant, crease resistant and fire blocking properties. The film surface of the fire barrier laminates presents excellent resistance to chemicals, solvents and petroleum products, and the laminate materials have excellent sewing characteristics.
The following are examples of various formulations of fire barrier laminate materials in accordance with the invention. Each has been tested for fire blocking and has been found to give at least five minutes fire protection in the following test: a flame at 2,000° F plus/minus 100° directed on a 5" diameter of the product.
SUBSTITUTESHEET EXAMPLE I
Product Designation FB-28
Substrate 0.0002" Polyester (20C Mylar) laminated to style 108 or 1080 glass fabric
Reinforcement 6x6, 70 Denier Nylon, (Scrim Webbing) bonded between the film and the fabric (adhesive soaked fill)
Weight, oz/sq yd 2.07 oz/yd2 (0.0245kg/ra2
Color Light Metallic Gray
Tensile Strength, 50x40 lbs/in. Warp Fill, lbs/in.
Permeance, grains/sq 4 Perms ft/hr/in Hg
Tear, Tongue, 12"xl2" Specimen per Fed Std 191, Method 5134
Warp (lb) 9 (17.5N)
Fill (lb) 8 (13N)
Flammability Zero Flame Time , Zero Glow Tine per FAR Part 25, App. F No Drippings
Vertical Burn Length Less than 3 inches
Fuel Resistance Passes MBB Specification TV21/3603/79
Contaminants or Hydraulic Fluid Passes MBB Specification Resistance TV213606/79
Temperature Ranges Passes MBB Specification (+85° C to -55° C) TV213606/79
Smoke Density Passes Requirements of ATS-1000.001 Toxic Gas Emission Passes Requirements of ATS-1000.001
EXAMPLE II Product Designation FB-31
Substrate 0.0005" Polyester (48A Mylar) laminated to style 108 or 1080 glass fabric
SUBSTITUTE SHEET Reinforcement 6x6, 140D Denier Nylon, (Scrim Webbing) bonded between the film and the fabric (adhesive soaked fill; warp adhesive soaked at cross over points) .
Weight, oz/sq yd 2.6
Color Cream opaque
Tensile strength, Warp Fill, lbs/in. 50x40
Permeance, grains/sq 2 Perms ft/hr/in Hg
Tear, Tongue, 12"xl2" Specimen per Fed Std 191, Method 5134
Warp (lb) 10
Fill (lb) 9
Flammability Zero flame time , zero glow tine per FAR Part 25, App. No drippings Vertical Burn Length Less than 5 inches
Fuel Resistance Passes MBB Specification TV21/3603/79
Contaminants or Hydraulic Fluid Passes MBB Specification Resistance TV213606/79
Temperature Ranges Passes MBB Specification (+85° C to -55° C) TV213606/79
Smoke Density Passes Requirements of ATS-1000.001
Toxic Gas Emission Passes Requirements of ATS-1000.001
EXAMPLE III
Product Designation FB-628
Note: In this example, the substrate, reinforcement and adhesive are laminated to both sides of the glass fiber mesh fabric.
Substrate 0.0002" Polyester laminated to style 7628 glass fabric. Style 7628 comprises 44x32 yarns per inch, of clean weave 75-1/0 E-glass yarns.
SUBSTITUTESHEET Reinforcement 6x6, 70 Denier Nylon, bonded (Scrim Webbing) between the film and the fabric
Weight, oz/sq yd 7.6
Color Light Metallic Gray
Tensile Strength, 100X80 Warp Fill, lbs/in.
Permeance, grains/sq 2 Perms ft/hr/in Hg
Tear, Tongue, 12"xl2" Specimen per Fed Std 191, Method 5134
Warp (lb) 10
Fill (lb) 9
Flammability Zero Flame Time , Zero Glow Tine per FAR Part 25, App. F No Drippings Vertical Burn Length Less than 3 inches
Fuel Resistance Passes MBB Specification TV21/3603/79
Contaminants or Hydraulic Fluid Passes MBB Specification Resistance TV213606/79
Temperature Ranges Passes MBB Specification (+85° C to -55° C) TV213606/79
Smoke Density Passes Requirements of ATS-1000.001 Toxic Gas Emission Passes Requirements of ATS-1000.001
EXAMPLE IV Product Designation ER-3218
Substrate 0.00025" Polyester film laminated to style 108 or 1080 glass fabric Reinforcement Non woven glass fabric, bonded between the film and the woven glass fabric with an adhesive
Weight, Oz./sq. yd. 2.5 Color White SUBSTITUTE SHEET Tensile Strength 50 x 40 lbs./in. Warp x Fill, lbs./in.
Permeance, grains/sq. 4 Perms ft./hr./in. Hg
Flammability Passes
FAR Part 25.853(b)
Appendix F
EXAMPLE V Product Designation ER-2319
Substrate 0.00025" Polyester film laminat¬ ed to style 108 or 1080 glass fabric
Reinforcement Woven scrim, bonded between the film and the woven glass fabric with an adhesive
Tensile Strength 50 X 40 Warp x Fill, lbs./in.
Permeance
Flammability Passes FAR 25.853(b) Appendix F
While I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that these are capable of variation and modification, and I therefore do not wish to be limited to the precise details set forth, but desire to avail myself of such changes and alterations as fall within the purview of the following claims.
SUBSTITUTESHEET

Claims

The Claims
1. A fire barrier product for preventing fire in one area from burning through into another area and com¬ prising, fire resistant material means for preventing pene¬ tration of flame through the material for a useful period of time at flame temperatures commonly generated in a fire, thin film means laminated to the fire resistant material means for maintaining the integrity of the fire resistant material means while being handled during manu¬ facturing, transportation or installation activity or exposure as well as in use, and wherein the thin film means are relatively impervious to water vapor and wherein the film means do not substantially alter the fire retardant or fire permeability characteristics of the fire resistant material means and wherein the film means are sufficiently light and thin so as not to unduly reduce or improve the flexibility, drapability, formability and manufacturability of the fire resistant material means, and wherein the thin film means are also sufficiently light so as not to substantially increase the weight of the fire barrier product.
2. The invention defined in Claim 1, including an adhesive attaching the film to the fire resistant material means and wherein the adhesive is a synthetic resin.
3. The invention defined in Claim 1, including scrim reinforcement means adhered between the film and the fire resistant means material.
4. The invention defined in Claim 1, wherein the fire resistant material means comprises a glass fiber woven fabric.
5. The invention defined in Claim 4, wherein the glass fiber woven fabric comprises substantially a type 1080 glass fabric.
6. The invention defined in Claim 4, wherein the glass fiber woven fabric comprises substantially a type 7628 glass fabric.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET
7. The invention defined in Claim 4, wherein the glass fiber woven fabric is finished with a silane coupling agen .
8. The invention defined in Claim 3, wherein the scrim reinforcing means comprises a 70 Denier Nylon yarn.
9. The invention defined in Claim 3, wherein the scrim reinforcing means comprises a 140 Denier Nylon yarn.
10. The invention defined in Claim 1, wherein the thin film means comprises a polyester film.
11. The invention defined in Claim 10, wherein the thin film means has a thickness in the range of about .0001" to about 0.001".
12. The invention defined in Claim 1, wherein the thin film means comprises substantially 0.20 mil polyester.
13. The invention defined in Claim 1, wherein the thin film means comprises substantially 0.48 mil polyester.
14. The invention defined in Claim 1, wherein the thin film means comprises a polyamide film such as Kapton.
15. The invention defined in Claim 1, wherein the thin film means comprises a polyvinyl fluoride film.
16. The invention defined in Claim 1, wherein the thin film means are applied on both sides of the fire resistant means.
17. The invention defined in Claim 16, wherein a reinforcing scrim webbing is adhered between the thin film means and a fire resistant material means, on both sides of the fire resistant material means.
18. The invention defined in Claim 3, wherein a fire barrier product provides at least 5 minutes of fire barrier protection at flame temperatures of 2,000° F plus or minus 100° F, wherein a flame is directed at a 5" diameter area of the product.
19. The invention defined in Claim 3, wherein the fire resistant material means comprises substantially a type 1080 glass fabric, wherein the thin film means com¬ prises a film of approximately .0005" thickness, wherein the scrim reinforcing means comprises a scrim webbing of approximately 140 Denier Nylon warp and fill, and wherein TITUTE SHEET an approximately .0002" coating of heat seal adhesive bonds the thin film means, the scrim reinforcing means and the glass fabric together.
20. The invention defined in Claim 1, wherein the fire resistant material means comprises a ceramic fiber fabric.
21. The invention defined in Claim 20, wherein the ceramic fiber fabric comprises substantially Nextel.
22. A fire-block membrane for aircraft seats for containment of aircraft seat cushion materials to prevent fire from burning through to the cushion materials, com¬ prising a fire resistant fabric material having capability of retarding the penetration of flame through the fabric, thin film means laminated to at least one side of the fire resistant fabric, for freezing fibers of the fire resistant fabric in place to prevent self-abrasion in the fabric, the thin film means having a low friction coeffi¬ cient and good resistance to abrasive action tending to prevent abrasion from adjacent layers or materials, and wherein the film means do not substantially alter the fire resistant characteristics of the fire resistant fabric, the thin film means being sufficiently light in weight so as not to substantially increase the weight of the fire block membrane nor to unduly reduce the flexibility, drapability and formability of the fire block membrane.
23. The fire block membrane defined in Claim 22, when the thin film means is substantially impervious to water vapor.
24. The fire block membrane of Claim 22, wherein layers of the thin film means are laminated to both sides of the fire resistant fabric.
25. The fire block membrane of Claim 22, further including a scrim reinforcement means laminated between the fire resistant fabric and the thin film means.
SUBSTITUTESHEET
26. The fire block membrane of Claim 22, including an adhesive securing the fire resistant fabric to the thin film means.
27. The fire block membrane of Claim 26, wherein the adhesive is a heat seal adhesive.
28. The fire block membrane of Claim 26, wherein the adhesive comprises a synthetic resin.
29. The fire block membrane of Claim 22, wherein the fire resistant fabric comprises a woven glass fiber fabric.
30. The fire block membrane of Claim 29, wherein the woven glass fiber fabric comprises type 1080 glass fiber fabric.
31. The fire block membrane of Claim 22, further including a scrim reinforcement means laminated between the first resistant fabric and the thin film means, and ad¬ hesive securing the fire resistant fabric, the scrim reinforcement means and the thin film means together.
32. The fire block membrane of Claim 31, wherein the thin film means comprises a polyester film having a thickness of about .0001" to .0010".
33. The fire block membrane of Claim 22, wherein the thin film means comprises a polyester film having a thickness of about .0001" to .0010"
34. The fire block membrane of Claim 22, wherein the fire resistant fabric has the characteristics of providing five minutes of fire protection at flame tempera¬ tures of about 2,000°F.
35. A fire barrier material, comprising, a sheet of fire barrier fabric formed of woven, non-burnable fibers, reinforcing means secured to the fire barrier fabric, for imparting integrity and tear resistance and sewability, abrasion resistance means secured to the fire barrier fabric and the reinforcing means for adding further to the integrity of the fire barrier material and for tending to secure the non-burnable fibers in place in the
SUBSTITUTESHEET fabric to prevent self-abrasion of the fibers by rubbing against each other when the fire barrier material is folded, warped or shifted in use, and further for effec¬ tively resisting abrasion of the fibers by adjacent mater¬ ials with which the fire barrier material may come into contact in use, and the fire barrier fabric, the reinforcing means and the abrasion resistance means being formed together in a sheet-like composite laminate, with tear resistance of at least 8 pounds, flame burn through protection of at least five minutes on a five inch diameter area of the material at about 2,000° F, with good wear resistance and stitchable qualities, with good resistance to creasing upon folding, and the material being light in weight, with a maximum weight of about 3 ounces per square yard.
36. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the composite laminate material has a maximum thickness of about 0.010 inch.
37. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the fire barrier fabric comprises substantially Style 1080 glass fabric.
38. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the reinforcing means comprises a scrim web reinforcement mesh.
39. The fire barrier material of claim 38, wherein the scrim web reinforcement comprises substantially 70 denier nylon fibers in both warp and fill, imparting a tear resistance of about five pounds in both the warp and fill directions.
40. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the abrasion resistance means comprises a plastic film having a maximum thickness of about .0010 inch.
41. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the abrasion resistance means comprises a polyester film secured to the reinforcing means and to the fire barrier fabric with an adhesive.
42. The fire barrier material of claim 41, wherein the polyester film comprises 20 C Mylar.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET
43. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the fire barrier fabric, the reinforcing means, and the abrasion resistance means are laminated together with an adhesive, with the reinforcing means between the fire barrier fabric and the abrasion resistance means.
44. The fire barrier material of claim 43, wherein the reinforcing means comprising a scrim webbing and the abrasion resistance means comprises a thin plastic film.
45. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the abrasion resistant means is substantially impervious to moisture, providing a moisture barrier in the fire barrier material.
46. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the fire barrier fabric comprises a fiber glass fabric having a maximum weight of about 1.4 ounces per square yard.
47. The fire barrier material of claim 35, wherein the fire barrier fabric comprises a fiber glass fabric having a maximum thickness of about 0.0025 inch.
48. A fire barrier material comprising, a fire barrier fabric of woven fine non-burnable fibers, scrim reinforcing means laminated to the fire barrier fabric for imparting tear strength, increased integrity of the fire barrier material and some wear resistance, adhesive means securing the scrim reinforcing means to the fire barrier fabric and applied to an appreciable area of the fire barrier fabric, for tending to hold the non-burnable fibers in position in the fabric to reduce wear of the fibers by self-abrasion.
49. The fire barrier material of claim 48, wherein the fire barrier fabric comprises substantially a Style 1080 glass fabric.
50. The fire barrier material of claim 48, wherein the fire barrier fabric comprises substantially a Style 7628 glass fabric.
SUBSTITUTESHEET
51. The fire barrier material of claim 48, wherein the scrim reinforcing means comprises a scrim webbing mesh of nylon monofilaments in the range of about 40 to 1000 denier and at a spacing of about 1/16 to 1/2 inch between monofilaments.
SUBSTITUTESHEET
PCT/US1989/005564 1988-12-15 1989-12-13 Fire barrier material WO1990006847A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US28547688A 1988-12-15 1988-12-15
US285,476 1999-04-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990006847A1 true WO1990006847A1 (en) 1990-06-28

Family

ID=23094401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1989/005564 WO1990006847A1 (en) 1988-12-15 1989-12-13 Fire barrier material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1990006847A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7767597B2 (en) 2007-01-08 2010-08-03 Unifrax I Llc Fire-barrier film laminate
WO2015084739A1 (en) * 2013-12-02 2015-06-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Woven hybrid reinforcing mesh for intumescent passive fire protection paint
US9676168B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2017-06-13 Lamart Corporation Fire barrier layer and fire barrier film laminate
US10434755B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2019-10-08 Unifrax I, Llc Fire barrier layer and fire barrier film laminate
EP3419896B1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2023-12-20 NEVEON Austria GmbH Seat cushion for a vehicle seat, in particular an aircraft seat

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4690859A (en) * 1985-04-09 1987-09-01 United Merchants & Manufacturers Inc. Fire barrier fabrics

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4690859A (en) * 1985-04-09 1987-09-01 United Merchants & Manufacturers Inc. Fire barrier fabrics

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7767597B2 (en) 2007-01-08 2010-08-03 Unifrax I Llc Fire-barrier film laminate
US9676168B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2017-06-13 Lamart Corporation Fire barrier layer and fire barrier film laminate
US9708052B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2017-07-18 Unifrax I Llc Fire barrier layer and fire barrier film laminate
US9919790B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2018-03-20 Unifrax I Llc Fire barrier layer and fire barrier film laminate
US10434755B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2019-10-08 Unifrax I, Llc Fire barrier layer and fire barrier film laminate
WO2015084739A1 (en) * 2013-12-02 2015-06-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Woven hybrid reinforcing mesh for intumescent passive fire protection paint
EP3419896B1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2023-12-20 NEVEON Austria GmbH Seat cushion for a vehicle seat, in particular an aircraft seat

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