WO1988006988A1 - Circuit arrangement for switching off electronic systems - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for switching off electronic systems Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988006988A1
WO1988006988A1 PCT/DE1988/000108 DE8800108W WO8806988A1 WO 1988006988 A1 WO1988006988 A1 WO 1988006988A1 DE 8800108 W DE8800108 W DE 8800108W WO 8806988 A1 WO8806988 A1 WO 8806988A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
transistor
switch
switched
collector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1988/000108
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ottmar Adams
Joachim Braunger
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to KR1019880701424A priority Critical patent/KR890700494A/en
Publication of WO1988006988A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988006988A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H02J7/0032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits disconnection of loads if battery is not under charge, e.g. in vehicle if engine is not running
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/266—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor the computer being backed-up or assisted by another circuit, e.g. analogue
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for switching units for internal combustion engines with an ignition switch and at least one relay, as is known, for example, from DE-OS 25 30 955.
  • the known circuit arrangement for a fuel injection system assigned to a spark-ignition internal combustion engine is intended to avoid difficulties which can occur when the internal combustion engine is started, that is to say when the known circuit arrangement is switched on.
  • the difficulties essentially consist in the fact that when switching on, it can happen that a sensor organ unintentionally returns to a switch-off position for a short time and thus switches off downstream units, for example an electric pump for fuel. This leads, of course, to an undesired engine standstill in the starting phase.
  • the aim is to ensure that the working time of a cold start valve becomes independent of the duration of the start process within certain limits.
  • the computer When the ignition switch has been opened, the computer should be able to determine the point in time when its own operating voltage is switched off, in order in this way to ensure that only a slight load on the energy source (battery) which supplies the entire system occurs. Under no circumstances and at any point in time, after the computer has once issued a pulse to switch off its own operating voltage, it must be possible to switch on its own operating voltage or the units again. Without further precautions, uncontrolled voltage curves can also occur when the device is switched off, and these must not lead to an unintentional restart.
  • the inventive circuit arrangement for switching units for internal combustion engines with an ignition switch and at least one relay in which a computer circuit is provided which receives its operating voltage from a switchable voltage source which can be switched on by the ignition switch and is connected to a switch-off circuit, from that in response to the ignition switch and a main relay can be switched to control signals of the computer circuit, has the particular advantage that an extremely safe shutdown is achieved, in which interference influences do not impair the shutdown, and the greatest possible freedom in determining the sequence in which individual units are shut down is provided.
  • circuit arrangement according to the invention can not only be used in internal combustion engines, even if this is where its main area of application is, but can in principle be used in all computer-controlled electronic systems which are connected to an operating voltage by input information and are subsequently switched off again should be.
  • the switchable voltage source is preferably provided with a self-holding device which can be overridden by the switch-off circuit in accordance with certain conditions. In this way it can be achieved in a particularly simple manner that the computer is reliably supplied with operating voltage until it can finally switch off its own operating voltage.
  • the switch-off switch has switching elements or a logic circuit, preferably a logic IC, of which the main relay can be switched on when a control signal is applied to a further switching element of the switch-off circuit when the ignition switch is open .
  • the main relay therefore takes on essential tasks when switching off and is inactive as long as the ignition switch is closed and therefore does not burden the entire arrangement.
  • the switch-off circuit Switching elements which in turn can also be designed as a logic circuit, preferably as a logic IC, on which, when a control signal is applied to a further switching element of the switch-off circuit, the voltage regulator and the main relay can be switched off if the Ignition switch is open.
  • a relatively particularly low-cost circuit arrangement is achieved if the switching elements in the above-mentioned embodiments are ⁇ pn transistors, the main relay being connected to the collector of the first transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the second transistor is connected, the base of which is connected to the ignition switch via a second diode and to the collector of the fourth transistor and the self-holding device via a third diode, the collector of the third transistor is connected to a supply voltage via a resistor and the emitters are all connected four transistors are connected to ground.
  • a protective circuit can be provided in a simple, advantageous manner, which consists in that the cathode of a zener diode is connected to the collector of the transistor, the anode of which is connected to the base of the transistor. Excessively high voltage peaks are therefore derived via the Zener diode.
  • a further advantage of the circuit arrangement according to the invention is, according to a further embodiment, the provision of a further relay which can be switched on in response to a control signal from the computer circuit and whose contact is connected in parallel with the contact of the main relay.
  • This relay can supply further units, also independently of the main relay mentioned.
  • the term “relay” is of course not limited to relays actuated by means of a coil with mechanical switching contacts, but in principle suitable electronic switching devices can also be used for this.
  • FIG. 1 shows' a system block diagram of a rechnerge ⁇ controlled electronic system
  • Figure 2 is a representation of the associated detail ⁇ lêtre reset circuit
  • FIG. 3 shows a further advantageous embodiment of a computer-controlled electronic system in the block diagram and, accordingly, FIG. 4 shows further details of an associated shutdown circuit.
  • the exemplary embodiments are computer-controlled electronic systems which are connected to their operating voltage by input information (ignition switch).
  • Such electronic systems can be used, for example, in electronic ignition systems for internal combustion engines - ⁇
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a circuit arrangement in which a switching device SG, which is designated by a broken line, is connected to external components.
  • the individual components of the switching device SG can be combined on one printed circuit board.
  • a supply (battery) voltage ÜB is connected to a terminal 18 and via a (Zü ⁇ d-) switch 15 to a terminal 27. Furthermore, a connection of the actuating coil of a relay (EKP relay) for an electric fuel pump and a contact of switch contacts 10, 20 of this relay are connected to the voltage ÜB.
  • the switching contact 10 leads here to an electric fuel pump EKP and the contact 20 to a hot wire air flow meter HLM.
  • the other connection of the coil of the EKP relay is connected to a terminal 3 of SG.
  • the switching device SG has a computer circuit ⁇ C, for example a microprocessor, to which external peripheral devices such as memory (RAM), input / output devices 1/0 or the like are connected.
  • the computer ⁇ C has an output (port) (a) from which a control signal can be output to an amplifier stage T1 which is connected to a coil connection of a main relay HR, the other coil connection of which is connected to a voltage source VDD via a diode.
  • the main relay points a switching contact, one end of which is connected to the terminal 18 and thus the ÜB and the other end of which is connected to the switching contact 20 (EKP relay) and via a diode to a driver stage MJ44.
  • a connection leads via a diode to a switch-on input ON of a switchable voltage regulator 50, for example of the type CG 31, to which the supply voltage UB is supplied via terminal 18 at an input IN and from which an output voltage VDD can be output. for as long as there is a signal at input ON.
  • the output voltage VDD is applied to a correspondingly designated input of the computer ⁇ C.
  • the voltage VDD is supplied to a further • Abschalte- and self-hold circuit 60 which is connected via a diode Dl for latching the voltage regulator 50 with its Wenneinga ⁇ g 0N. Furthermore, the circuit 60 is connected to the terminal 27 and a gate leading to the amplifier T1 and to the output (a) of the computer ⁇ C.
  • FIG. 2 explains further details, in particular the switch-off circuit 60.
  • This has transistors T1, T2, T3 and T4 described in more detail below as switching elements. All transistors Tl to T4 are ⁇ pn transistors.
  • Tl is used to switch the main relay HR, which is connected via a diode to the collector of Tl, whose emitter is connected to ground. If Tl switches through, the main relay HR picks up.
  • the collector and base of T1 are bridged by a diode DZ.
  • the base of Tl is with the collector of T2 and via a resistor with the output VDD of the voltage - 3 -
  • the emitter of T2 is connected to ground and the base of T2 via a diode D2 and a resistor at terminal 27 and a diode D4 and a resistor to the base of transistor T3. Furthermore, the base of T2 is connected to the collector of T4 via diodes D2, D3 connected in opposite directions and to the self-holding path Rl, Dl of the switchable voltage regulator 50.
  • the emitter of T4 is connected to ground and the base is connected via a resistor to ground , secondly via resistors RIO, Rll and a diode at terminal 18 (ÜB) and thirdly via a resistor and a diode to the output (a) of the computer ⁇ C and a resistor connected to VDD.
  • the ignition switch terminal 15 is closed and the hot wire air flow meter HLM is supplied with operating voltage UB via the contacts 20 of the EKP relay.
  • the contacts 10 of this relay supply the fuel pump EKP accordingly.
  • the main relay HR is not controlled by the computer ⁇ C in this operating state and therefore does not require any (power loss) power that could otherwise interfere on the circuit board of the switching device SG.
  • the contact of the main relay HR is forcibly connected in parallel to the contacts 20 of the EKP relay.
  • the EKP relay can now be switched off, specifically controlled by the computer ⁇ C, without the voltage supply ÜB being interrupted for HLM and VDD for ⁇ C.
  • the output (a) of ⁇ C is used to control the main relay HR and to safely switch off its own operating voltage.
  • terminal 15 (a) "Low”: HR switched on, (a) "High” : HR switched off (switching off the computer's own operating voltage ⁇ C)
  • a safe switching off of the own operating voltage is achieved by utilizing the battery voltage ÜB. In this case, the circuit loads the battery very little when switched off, for example with 200 ⁇ A.
  • the circuit arrangement works in such a way that when the ignition switch 15 is switched on, the terminal 15 is closed and the voltage regulator 50 is thereby switched on, so that the computer ⁇ C is supplied with the operating voltage VDD.
  • T3 is conductive. This enables the computer ⁇ C to determine via output (a) whether T4 is conductive (consequence: T2 blocked, HR switched on) or whether T4 is blocked (consequence: T2 conductive, HR is switched off).
  • the ignition switch terminal 15 is opened. If the computer has previously blocked T4, the voltage regulator 50 remains switched on via the self-holding path D1, Rl. T3 also remains conductive. However, T2 no longer receives a base current and T1 becomes conductive, which leads to the main relay HR picking up.
  • T4 becomes conductive and T3 blocks. T4 is kept conductive via ÜB, Rll, RIO, regardless of the status of the computer output (a).
  • the voltage regulator 50 is switched off and the main relay HR drops out.
  • the positive feedback of ÜB, RIO and R11 on the base of transistor T4 ensures that the own operating voltage VDD of the computer ⁇ C is reliably switched off as long as ÜB is greater than or equal to 6 V. However, this is not a problem, since such low voltages can only occur at the start, which is switched on and not switched off.
  • the main relay is not arranged on the circuit board of the switching device SG, but outside.
  • the structure of the circuit according to the block diagram of FIG. 3 should be readily understandable according to the explanations above.
  • the shutdown circuit 80 is different from the shutdown circuit 60 and should therefore be discussed in detail.
  • the switch-off circuit 80 is shown in FIG. 4 and has five connections (compare FIG. 3), namely HR for the main relay HR, terminal 37, ignition switch terminal 15, operating voltage VDD from the voltage regulator 50 and ⁇ C for connection to the computer ⁇ C.
  • Terminal HR is connected to the collector of a Darlington transistor T220, the emitter of which leads to the base of a transistor T221, which is provided for current limitation in the event of a short-circuit of HR to ÜB.
  • the base and collector of T220 are bridged by a capacitor C220 to prevent vibrations when switching off and a zener diode D220, which has the same function as the diode DZ in FIG. 2.
  • the base of T220 is connected to the collector of a further transistor via a resistor R222 T222 connected, its base via a diode D223 and a resistor R237 is connected to the output of the computer ⁇ C.
  • the base of T222 is also connected to HR via a resistor R221.
  • T220 When the ignition switch terminal 15 is closed, T220 becomes conductive via D221, R221. When the switch terminal 15 is closed, T220 is always conductive, even if T222 is on. If the computer switches ⁇ C to "Low”, T222 is no longer activated, since HR has picked up. There is a maximum of about 3 V at the collector of T222, which is too little for one line.
  • the transistor T220 is kept conductive via terminal 37, which is supplied by the contacts of the main relay HR, and via R223, R222. With a "high" signal from the computer ⁇ C, T222 is conductive. Terminal 37 can no longer keep T220 conductive and the base of T220 is pulled to ground potential, since terminal 15 is switched off and it is no longer possible to conduct via R221. The main relay HR therefore switches off. T222 is kept conductive via R224, R225. '

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit arrangement for switching of composants for internal combustion engines having an ignition switch and at least one relay is provided with a calculating circuit which obtains its operating voltage from a switchable voltage supply which can be switched on by the ignition switch and is connected with a switching-off circuit. The switching off circuit can switch on a main relay in response to the ignition switch and control signals from the calculating circuit.

Description

Schaltungsanordnung zum Abschalten elektronischer Systeme Circuit arrangement for switching off electronic systems
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Schalt von Aggregaten für Brennkraftmaschiπen mit einem Zünd¬ schalter und zumindest einem Relais, wie sie beispielsweis aus der DE-OS 25 30 955 bekannt ist. Mit der bekannten Schaltungsanordnuπg für eine einer fremdgezündeteπ Brenn¬ kraftmaschine zugeordnete Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage sollen Schwierigkeiten vermieden werden, die beim Start der Brennkraftmaschiπe , also beim Einschalten der bekannten Schaltuπgsaπordnung, auftreten können. Die Schwierigkeiten bestehen im wesentlichen darin, daß es beim Einschalten passieren kann, daß ein Seπs-ororgan ungewollt kurzzeitig in eine Abschaltstellung zurückgeht und so πachgeschaltete Aggregate, beispielsweise eine elektrische Pumpe für Brennstoff, abschaltet. Dies führt zu einem in der Start¬ phase selbstverständlich unerwünschten Motorstillstand. Weiterhin soll erreicht werden, daß die Arbeitszeit eines Kaltstartventils innerhalb gewisser Grenzen unabhängig von der Dauer des Startvorgangs wird. Zur Behebung der Schwierigkeiten wird bei der genannten Schaltungsanordnung vorgeschlagen, Verzögerungsglieder vorzusehen. Über eine Rechnersteuerung ist bei der bekannten Schaltuπgsanordnung nichts ausgesagt.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for switching units for internal combustion engines with an ignition switch and at least one relay, as is known, for example, from DE-OS 25 30 955. The known circuit arrangement for a fuel injection system assigned to a spark-ignition internal combustion engine is intended to avoid difficulties which can occur when the internal combustion engine is started, that is to say when the known circuit arrangement is switched on. The difficulties essentially consist in the fact that when switching on, it can happen that a sensor organ unintentionally returns to a switch-off position for a short time and thus switches off downstream units, for example an electric pump for fuel. This leads, of course, to an undesired engine standstill in the starting phase. Furthermore, the aim is to ensure that the working time of a cold start valve becomes independent of the duration of the start process within certain limits. To eliminate the difficulties, it is proposed in the circuit arrangement mentioned to provide delay elements. Nothing is said about a computer control in the known circuit arrangement.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, durch Einschalten des Zündschalters einen Rechner oder Rechπerschaltkreis in Betrieb zu setzen, der dann vielfältige Steuer-und Regelaufgaben für nachgeschaltete Aggregate, teilweise in Abhängigkeit von Sensoren, vornehmen kann. Wird ein derartiges rechnergesteuertes elektronisches System durch den Zün schalter an seine Betriebsspannung gelegt, darf der Rechner seine eigene Betriebsspannung nicht ausschalten können, solange der Zündschalter geschlossen ist. Unab¬ hängig von der Stellung des Zündschalters sollen periphere Aggregate, beispielsweise Hitzdrahtluftmengenmesser (HLM) oder elektrische Kraftstoffpumpen (EKP) vom Rechner ein- und ausgeschaltet werden können. Hierbei soll die sich durch Bereitstellung der Versorguπgsspanπungeπ für die Aggregate ergebende Verlustleistung so gering wie möglich gehalten werden.It has proven to be advantageous to put a computer or computer circuit into operation by switching on the ignition switch, which computer can then perform a variety of control and regulating tasks for downstream units, partly depending on sensors. Such a computer-controlled electronic system the ignition switch is connected to its operating voltage, the computer must not be able to switch off its own operating voltage as long as the ignition switch is closed. Irrespective of the position of the ignition switch, peripheral units, for example hot wire air flow meters (HLM) or electric fuel pumps (EKP), should be able to be switched on and off by the computer. Here, the power loss resulting from the provision of the supply voltage for the units should be kept as low as possible.
Wenn der Zündschalter geöffnet worden ist, soll der Rechner selbst den Zeitpunkt bestimmen können, wenn seine eigene Betriebsspannung ausgeschaltet wird, um auf diese Weise zu gewährleisten, daß nur eine geringe Belastung der Energiequelle (Batterie) , die das Gesamtsystem versorgt, auftritt. Auf keinen Fall und zu keinem Zeitpunkt darf, nachdem der Rechner einmalig einen Impuls zur Abschaltung der eigenen Betriebsspannung ausgegeben hat, ein Wiederein¬ schalten der eigenen Betriebsspannung oder der Aggregate erfolgen. Ohne weitere Vorkehrungen können darüber hinaus beim Ausschalten unkontrollierte Spanπungsverläufe auftrete die ebenfalls nicht zu einem unbeabsichtigten Wiederein¬ schalten führen dürfen.When the ignition switch has been opened, the computer should be able to determine the point in time when its own operating voltage is switched off, in order in this way to ensure that only a slight load on the energy source (battery) which supplies the entire system occurs. Under no circumstances and at any point in time, after the computer has once issued a pulse to switch off its own operating voltage, it must be possible to switch on its own operating voltage or the units again. Without further precautions, uncontrolled voltage curves can also occur when the device is switched off, and these must not lead to an unintentional restart.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die erfiπdungsgemäße Schaltuπgsanordπung zum Schalten von Aggregaten für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem Zünd¬ schalter und zumindest einem Relais, bei der eine Rech- nerschaltuπg vorgesehen ist, die ihre Betriebsspannung von einer schaltbaren Spannungsquelle erhält, die vom Zündschalter einschaltbar und mit einer Abschalt-Schaltung verbunden ist, von der in Reaktion auf den Zündschalter und auf Steuersignale der Rechnerschaltung ein Hauptrelais schaltbar ist, hat insbesondere den Vorteil, daß eine äußerst sichere Abschaltung erreicht wird, bei der Stör¬ einflüsse nicht die Abschaltung beeinträchtigen und eine weitestgehende Freiheit in der Festlegung der Reihenfolge des Abschaltens einzelner Aggregate bereitgestellt wird. Darüber hinaus ist die erfindungsgemäße Schaltu.ngsanordnun nicht nur bei Brennkraf maschinen verwendbar, wenn hier auch ihr Haupteinsatzgebiet liegt, sondern kann grundsätz¬ lich bei sämtlichen rechnergesteuerten elektronischen Systemen verwendet werden, welche durch eine Eingangsin- formatioπ an -eine Betriebsspannung gelegt und später wieder abgeschaltet werden sollen.The inventive circuit arrangement for switching units for internal combustion engines with an ignition switch and at least one relay, in which a computer circuit is provided which receives its operating voltage from a switchable voltage source which can be switched on by the ignition switch and is connected to a switch-off circuit, from that in response to the ignition switch and a main relay can be switched to control signals of the computer circuit, has the particular advantage that an extremely safe shutdown is achieved, in which interference influences do not impair the shutdown, and the greatest possible freedom in determining the sequence in which individual units are shut down is provided. In addition, the circuit arrangement according to the invention can not only be used in internal combustion engines, even if this is where its main area of application is, but can in principle be used in all computer-controlled electronic systems which are connected to an operating voltage by input information and are subsequently switched off again should be.
Vorzugsweise ist die schaltbare Spannuπgsquelle mit einer Selbsthalteeinrichtung versehen, die nach Vorgabe bestimmm Bedingungen von der Abschalt-Schaltung übersteuerbar ist. Hierdurch kann auf besonders einfache Weise erreicht werden, daß der Rechner solange sicher mit Betriebsspan¬ nung versorgt ist, bis er seine eigene Betriebsspannung endgültig abschalten kann.The switchable voltage source is preferably provided with a self-holding device which can be overridden by the switch-off circuit in accordance with certain conditions. In this way it can be achieved in a particularly simple manner that the computer is reliably supplied with operating voltage until it can finally switch off its own operating voltage.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich, wenn die Abschalt-Schalt Schaltglieder oder eine Logik-Schaltung, vorzugsweise einen Logik-IC, aufweist, von denen bei Anlegen eines Steuersignals an ein weiteres Schaltglied der Abschalt- Schaltung das Hauptrelais einschaltbar ist, wenn der Zündschalter geöffnet ist. Das Hauptrelais übernimmt also wesentliche Aufgaben bei der Abschaltung und ist, solange der Zündschalter geschlossen ist, inaktiv und belastet daher die gesamte Anordnung nicht.A further advantage results if the switch-off switch has switching elements or a logic circuit, preferably a logic IC, of which the main relay can be switched on when a control signal is applied to a further switching element of the switch-off circuit when the ignition switch is open . The main relay therefore takes on essential tasks when switching off and is inactive as long as the ignition switch is closed and therefore does not burden the entire arrangement.
Zum Abschalten wird in diesem Zusammenhang gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltuπgsanordπuπg vorgeschlagen, daß die Abschalt-Schaltu Schaltglieder, die auch wiederum als Logik-Schaltung, vorzugsweise als Logik-IC, ausgebildet sein können, auf¬ weist, von denen bei Anlegen eines Steuersignals an ein weiteres Schaltglied der Abschalt-Schaltung der Span¬ nungsregler und das Hauptrelais abschaltbar sind, wenn der Zündschalter geöffnet ist.For switching off, it is proposed in this context, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the circuit arrangement according to the invention, that the switch-off circuit Switching elements, which in turn can also be designed as a logic circuit, preferably as a logic IC, on which, when a control signal is applied to a further switching element of the switch-off circuit, the voltage regulator and the main relay can be switched off if the Ignition switch is open.
Eine verhältnismäßig besonders wenig aufwendige Schaltungs¬ anordnung wird erreicht, wenn in vorteilhafter Weise die Schaltglieder bei den voranstehend genannten Ausfüh¬ rungsformen πpn-Transistoren sind, wobei das Hauptrelais an den Kollektor des ersten Transistors angeschlossen ist, dessen Basis mit dem Kollektor des zweiten Transis¬ tors verbunden ist, dessen Basis über eine zweite Diode mit dem Zündschalter und über eine dritte Diode mit dem Kollektor des vierten Transistors und der Selbsthalteein¬ richtung verbunden ist, der Kollektor des dritten Transis¬ tors über einen Widerstand an eine Versorgungsspanπung gelegt und die Emitter sämtlicher vier Transistoren jeweils an Masse gelegt sind.A relatively particularly low-cost circuit arrangement is achieved if the switching elements in the above-mentioned embodiments are πpn transistors, the main relay being connected to the collector of the first transistor, the base of which is connected to the collector of the second transistor is connected, the base of which is connected to the ignition switch via a second diode and to the collector of the fourth transistor and the self-holding device via a third diode, the collector of the third transistor is connected to a supply voltage via a resistor and the emitters are all connected four transistors are connected to ground.
Eine noch einfachere Ausgestaltung des Abschalt-Schalt- kreises (ohne Einschaltfuπktion) ergibt sich bei Verwendung zweier npπ-Transistoren als Schaltglieder, wobei das Hauptrelais an den Kollektor des einen Transistors ange¬ schlossen ist, dessen Basis über einen Widerstand den Kollektor des anderen Transistors angeschlossen ist.An even simpler configuration of the switch-off circuit (without switch-on function) results when two npπ transistors are used as switching elements, the main relay being connected to the collector of one transistor, the base of which is connected via a resistor to the collector of the other transistor is.
Beim Schalten des Hauptrelais entstehen infolge der Induk¬ tivität der Relaisspule Spaππuπgsspitzen, die den jeweiligen Transistor gefährden könnten, der das Hauptrelais schaltet. Hier läßt sich jedoch in einfacher, vorteilhafter Weise eine Schutzschaltuπg angeben, die darin besteht, daß an den Kollektor des Transistors die Kathode einer Zener- diode angeschlossen ist, deren Anode mit der Basis des Transistors verbunden ist. Übermäßig hohe Spaππungsspitzen werden daher über die Zenerdiode abgeleitet.When the main relay is switched, the inductance of the relay coil gives rise to peak peaks which could endanger the respective transistor which switches the main relay. Here, however, a protective circuit can be provided in a simple, advantageous manner, which consists in that the cathode of a zener diode is connected to the collector of the transistor, the anode of which is connected to the base of the transistor. Excessively high voltage peaks are therefore derived via the Zener diode.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßeπ Schaltungsan¬ ordnung liegt gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform in der Bereitstellung eines weiteren Relais, welches in Reaktion auf ein Steuersignal der Rechnerschaltung ein¬ schaltbar und dessen Kontakt dem Kontakt des Hauptrelais parallel geschaltet ist. Dieses Relais kann weitere Aggre¬ gate versorgen, auch unabhängig von dem angeführten Haupt¬ relais. In diesem Zusammenhang soll darauf hingewiesen werden, daß die Bezeichnung "Relais" selbstverständlich nicht auf mittels einer Spule betätigte Relais mit mechani¬ schen Schaltkontakten beschr- nkt ist, sondern grundsätzlich hierfür auch geeignete elektronische Schalteinrichtungeπ eingesetzt werden können.A further advantage of the circuit arrangement according to the invention is, according to a further embodiment, the provision of a further relay which can be switched on in response to a control signal from the computer circuit and whose contact is connected in parallel with the contact of the main relay. This relay can supply further units, also independently of the main relay mentioned. In this context, it should be pointed out that the term “relay” is of course not limited to relays actuated by means of a coil with mechanical switching contacts, but in principle suitable electronic switching devices can also be used for this.
Zeichnungdrawing
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand zeichnerisch dar¬ gestellter bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert aus welchen weitere Vorteile und Merkmale hervorgehen. Figur 1 zeigt' ein Systemblockschaltbild eines rechnerge¬ steuerten elektronischen Systems und Figur 2 eine detail¬ liertere Darstellung der zugehörigen Abschalt-Schaltung. In Figur 3 ist eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform eines rechnergesteuerten elektronischen Systems im Block¬ schaltbild dargestellt und entsprechend zeigt Figur 4 nähere Einzelheiten einer zugehörigen Abschalt-Schaltung.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, from which further advantages and features emerge. 1 shows' a system block diagram of a rechnerge¬ controlled electronic system, and Figure 2 is a representation of the associated detail¬ liertere reset circuit. FIG. 3 shows a further advantageous embodiment of a computer-controlled electronic system in the block diagram and, accordingly, FIG. 4 shows further details of an associated shutdown circuit.
Beschreibung der Aus ührungsbeispieleDescription of exemplary embodiments
Bei den Ausführuπgsbeispielen handelt es sich um rechner¬ gesteuerte elektronische Systeme, die durch eine Eingangs¬ information (Züπdschalter) an ihre Betriebsspannung gelegt werden. Derartige elektronische Systeme können beispiels¬ weise in elektronischen Zündsystemen für Brennkraftmaschiπe - ζThe exemplary embodiments are computer-controlled electronic systems which are connected to their operating voltage by input information (ignition switch). Such electronic systems can be used, for example, in electronic ignition systems for internal combustion engines - ζ
erwendung finαeπ .use finαeπ.
In Figur 1 ist ist ein Blockschaltbild einer Schaltungs- anordnuπg dargestellt, bei der ein gestrichelt bezeichnetes Schaltgerät SG mit externen Bauteilen beschaltet ist. Hierbei können die einzelnen Bauteile des Schaltgeräts SG auf einer Leiterplatiπe vereinigt sein.FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a circuit arrangement in which a switching device SG, which is designated by a broken line, is connected to external components. Here, the individual components of the switching device SG can be combined on one printed circuit board.
Eine Versorgungs- (Batterie-) Spannung ÜB ist an eine Klemme 18 und über einen (Züπd-) Schalter 15 an eine Klemme 27 geführt. Weiterhin sind an die Spannung ÜB ein Anschluß der Betätigungsspule eines Relais (EKP-Relais) für eine elektrische Kraftstoffpumpe sowie je ein Kontakt von Schaltkontakten 10, 20 dieses Relais gelegt. Der Schaltkoπtakt 10 führt hierbei zu einer elektrischen Kraftstoffpumpe EKP und der Kontakt 20 zu einem Hitzdraht- luftmengeπmesser HLM. Der andere Anschluß der Spule des EKP-Relais ist mit einer Klemme 3 von SG verbunden.A supply (battery) voltage ÜB is connected to a terminal 18 and via a (Züπd-) switch 15 to a terminal 27. Furthermore, a connection of the actuating coil of a relay (EKP relay) for an electric fuel pump and a contact of switch contacts 10, 20 of this relay are connected to the voltage ÜB. The switching contact 10 leads here to an electric fuel pump EKP and the contact 20 to a hot wire air flow meter HLM. The other connection of the coil of the EKP relay is connected to a terminal 3 of SG.
An den nicht mit ÜB verbundenen Kontakt 20 sind noch weitere Aggregate angeschlossen, von denen beispielhaft ein Hallgeber HALL und Eiπspritzventile EV sowie Leerlauf¬ steller EWD dargestellt sind. Letzterer ist über eine uπbezeichnete Klemme von SG angeschlossen.Further units are connected to the contact 20, which is not connected to the ÜB, of which, for example, a Hall sensor HALL and injection valves EV and an idle actuator EWD are shown. The latter is connected via a designated SG terminal.
Das Schaltgerät SG weist eine Rechnerschaltung μC auf, beispielsweise einen Mikroprozessor, an den externe Peri¬ pheriegeräte wie Speicher (RAM) , Eingabe/Ausgabegeräte 1/0 oder dergleichen angeschlossen sind. Der Rechner μC weist einen Ausgang (Port) (a) auf, von dem aus ein Steuersignal an eine Verstärkerstufe Tl abgebbar ist, die an einen Spulenanschluß eines Hauptrelais HR angeschlos¬ sen ist, dessen anderer Spulenanschluß über eine Diode an einer Spaπnungsquelle VDD liegt. Das Hauptrelais weist einen Schaltkontakt auf, dessen eines Ende mit der Klemme 18 und damit ÜB verbunden ist und dessen anderes Ende an den Schaltkoπtakt 20 (EKP-Relais) und über eine Diode an eine Treiberstufe MJ44 angeschlossen ist.The switching device SG has a computer circuit μC, for example a microprocessor, to which external peripheral devices such as memory (RAM), input / output devices 1/0 or the like are connected. The computer μC has an output (port) (a) from which a control signal can be output to an amplifier stage T1 which is connected to a coil connection of a main relay HR, the other coil connection of which is connected to a voltage source VDD via a diode. The main relay points a switching contact, one end of which is connected to the terminal 18 and thus the ÜB and the other end of which is connected to the switching contact 20 (EKP relay) and via a diode to a driver stage MJ44.
Von der Klemme 27 führt ein Anschluß über eine Diode zu einem Einschalteingang ON eines schaltbaren Spannungs¬ reglers 50, beispielsweise vom Typ CG 31, dem über die Klemme 18 die Versorgungsspannung ÜB an einem Eingang IN zugeführt wird und von dem eine Ausgangsspanπung VDD abgebbar ist, und zwar solange, wie ein Signal am Eingang ON anliegt. Die Ausgangsspannung VDD wird auf einen ent¬ sprechend bezeichneten Eingang des Rechners μC gegeben.From terminal 27, a connection leads via a diode to a switch-on input ON of a switchable voltage regulator 50, for example of the type CG 31, to which the supply voltage UB is supplied via terminal 18 at an input IN and from which an output voltage VDD can be output. for as long as there is a signal at input ON. The output voltage VDD is applied to a correspondingly designated input of the computer μC.
Die Spannung VDD wird weiterhin • einer Abschalte- und Selbsthalteschaltung 60 zugeführt, die über eine Diode Dl zur Selbsthaltung des Spannungsreglers 50 mit dessen Schalteingaπg 0N verbunden ist. Weiterhin ist die Schaltung 60 mit der Klemme 27 und einem zum Verstärker Tl führenden Gatter sowie mit dem Ausgang (a) des Rechners μC verbun¬ den .The voltage VDD is supplied to a further • Abschalte- and self-hold circuit 60 which is connected via a diode Dl for latching the voltage regulator 50 with its Schalteingaπg 0N. Furthermore, the circuit 60 is connected to the terminal 27 and a gate leading to the amplifier T1 and to the output (a) of the computer μC.
Figur 2 erläutert weitere Einzelheiten, insbesondere der Abschaltschaltung 60. Diese weist nachfolgend noch genauer beschriebene Transistoren Tl, T2 , T3 und T4 als Schaltglieder auf. Sämtliche Transistoren Tl bis T4 sind πpn-Transistoren . Tl dient zum Schalten des Hauptrelais HR, das hierzu über eine Diode an den Kollektor von Tl angeschlossen ist, dessen Emitter an Masse gelegt ist. Schaltet Tl durch, so zieht das Hauptrelais HR an. Zum Abführen von Spanπungsspitzen beim Schalten von HR sind Kollektor und Basis von Tl durch eine Zeπerdiode DZ über¬ brückt. Die Basis von Tl ist mit dem Kollektor von T2 und über einen Widerstand mit dem Ausgang VDD des Spannuπgs - 3 -FIG. 2 explains further details, in particular the switch-off circuit 60. This has transistors T1, T2, T3 and T4 described in more detail below as switching elements. All transistors Tl to T4 are πpn transistors. Tl is used to switch the main relay HR, which is connected via a diode to the collector of Tl, whose emitter is connected to ground. If Tl switches through, the main relay HR picks up. To remove voltage peaks when switching HR, the collector and base of T1 are bridged by a diode DZ. The base of Tl is with the collector of T2 and via a resistor with the output VDD of the voltage - 3 -
reglers 60 verounden. Der Emitter von T2 ist an Masse angeschlossen und die Basis von T2 über eine Diode D2 und einen Widerstand an Klemme 27 sowie eine Diode D4 und einen Widerstand an die Basis von Transistor T3. Weiterhin ist die Basis von T2 über gegensiπnig geschaltete Dioden D2 , D3 mit dem Kollektor von T4 verbunden und mit dem Selbsthaltepfad Rl, Dl des schaltbaren Spannungs¬ reglers 50. Der Emitter von T4 Ist an Masse angeschlossen und die Basis erstens über einen Widerstand an Masse, zweitens über Widerstände RIO, Rll und eine Diode an Klemme 18 (ÜB) und drittens über einen Widerstand und eine Diode an den Ausgang (a) des Rechners μC und einen Widerstand an VDD angeschlossen.controller 60. The emitter of T2 is connected to ground and the base of T2 via a diode D2 and a resistor at terminal 27 and a diode D4 and a resistor to the base of transistor T3. Furthermore, the base of T2 is connected to the collector of T4 via diodes D2, D3 connected in opposite directions and to the self-holding path Rl, Dl of the switchable voltage regulator 50. The emitter of T4 is connected to ground and the base is connected via a resistor to ground , secondly via resistors RIO, Rll and a diode at terminal 18 (ÜB) and thirdly via a resistor and a diode to the output (a) of the computer μC and a resistor connected to VDD.
Die Funktion der in Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Schal¬ tungsanordnung ist wie folgt:The function of the circuit arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is as follows:
Im Normalbetrieb ist der Zündschalter Klemme 15 geschlossen und der Hitzdrahtluftmengeπmesser HLM wird über die Kon¬ takte 20 des EKP-Relais mit Betriebsspannung ÜB versorgt. Die Kontakte 10 dieses Relais versorgen entsprechend die Kraftstoffpumpe EKP. Das Hauptrelais HR wird in diesem Betriebszustand nicht vom Rechner μC angesteuert und benötigt daher keine (Verlust-) Leistung, die sonst auf der Leiterplatte des Schaltgeräts SG stören könnte.In normal operation, the ignition switch terminal 15 is closed and the hot wire air flow meter HLM is supplied with operating voltage UB via the contacts 20 of the EKP relay. The contacts 10 of this relay supply the fuel pump EKP accordingly. The main relay HR is not controlled by the computer μC in this operating state and therefore does not require any (power loss) power that could otherwise interfere on the circuit board of the switching device SG.
Wird der Zündschalter geöffnet, so wird zwangsweise den Kontakten 20 des EKP-Relais der Kontakt des Hauptrelais HR parallel geschaltet. Das EKP-Relais kann nunmehr ausge¬ schaltet werden, und zwar gesteuert durch den Rechner μC, ohne daß die Spannuπgsversorguπg ÜB für HLM und VDD für μC unterbrochen wird. Der Ausgang (a) von μC dient zur Ansteueruπg des Hauptrelais HR und zur sicheren Aus¬ schaltung der eigenen Betriebsspannung . Bei geschlosse- neα Züπdschalter Klemme 15 gilt: Ausgang (aj "Low": HR ausgeschaltet, Ausgang (a) "High": HR eingeschaltet. Dagegen bei offenem Zündschalter Klemme 15: (a) "Low": HR eingeschaltet, (a) "High": HR ausgeschaltet (Ausschalte der eigenen Betriebsspannung des Rechners μC) . Ein sichere Ausschalten der eigenen Betriebsspannung wird durch Aus¬ nutzen der Batteriespannung ÜB erreicht. Hierbei belastet die Schaltung die Batterie in ausgeschaltetem Zustand nur äußerst gering, etwa mit 200 μA.If the ignition switch is opened, the contact of the main relay HR is forcibly connected in parallel to the contacts 20 of the EKP relay. The EKP relay can now be switched off, specifically controlled by the computer μC, without the voltage supply ÜB being interrupted for HLM and VDD for μC. The output (a) of μC is used to control the main relay HR and to safely switch off its own operating voltage. When closed neα ignition switch terminal 15 applies: output (aj "Low": HR switched off, output (a) "High": HR switched on. In contrast, with the ignition switch open, terminal 15: (a) "Low": HR switched on, (a) "High" : HR switched off (switching off the computer's own operating voltage μC) A safe switching off of the own operating voltage is achieved by utilizing the battery voltage ÜB. In this case, the circuit loads the battery very little when switched off, for example with 200 μA.
Im einzelnen arbeitet die Schaltungsanordnung so, daß beim Einschalten der Zündschalter Klemme 15 geschlossen wird und hierdurch der Spannungsregler 50 eingeschal¬ tet, so daß der Rechner μC mit Betriebsspannung VDD ver¬ sorgt wird. T3 ist leitend. Dadurch kann der Rechner μC über den Ausgang (a) bestimmen, ob T4 leitend ist (Folge: T2 gesperrt, HR eing.eschaltet) oder ob T4 gesperrt ist (Folge: T2 leitet, HR ist ausgeschaltet) .In detail, the circuit arrangement works in such a way that when the ignition switch 15 is switched on, the terminal 15 is closed and the voltage regulator 50 is thereby switched on, so that the computer μC is supplied with the operating voltage VDD. T3 is conductive. This enables the computer μC to determine via output (a) whether T4 is conductive (consequence: T2 blocked, HR switched on) or whether T4 is blocked (consequence: T2 conductive, HR is switched off).
Zum Ausschalten wird der Zϋndschalter Klemme 15 geöffnet. Hat der Rechner vorher T4 gesperrt, so bleibt der Spannungs regler 50 über den Selbsthaltepfad Dl, Rl eingeschaltet. T3 bleibt ebenfalls leitend. T2 bekommt jedoch keinen Basisstrom mehr und Tl wird leitend, was dazu führt, daß das Hauptrelais HR anzieht.To switch off, the ignition switch terminal 15 is opened. If the computer has previously blocked T4, the voltage regulator 50 remains switched on via the self-holding path D1, Rl. T3 also remains conductive. However, T2 no longer receives a base current and T1 becomes conductive, which leads to the main relay HR picking up.
Schaltet jetzt der Rechner μC seinen Ausgang (a) auf "High", so wird T4 leitend und T3 sperrt. T4 wird über ÜB, Rll, RIO leitend gehalten, unabhängig vom Status des Rechnerausgangs (a) . Der Spannungsregler 50 wird ausgeschaltet und das Hauptrelais HR fällt ab. Durch die Mitkopplung von ÜB, RIO und Rll auf die Basis des Transistors T4 wird ein sicheres Abschalten der eige¬ nen Betriebsspannung VDD des Rechners μC sichergestellt, solange ÜB größer oder gleich 6 V ist. Dies ist jedoch unproblematisch, da derart geringe Spannungen nur beim Start auftreten können, bei dem ein- und nicht ausgeschal¬ tet wird.If the computer μC switches its output (a) to "High", T4 becomes conductive and T3 blocks. T4 is kept conductive via ÜB, Rll, RIO, regardless of the status of the computer output (a). The voltage regulator 50 is switched off and the main relay HR drops out. The positive feedback of ÜB, RIO and R11 on the base of transistor T4 ensures that the own operating voltage VDD of the computer μC is reliably switched off as long as ÜB is greater than or equal to 6 V. However, this is not a problem, since such low voltages can only occur at the start, which is switched on and not switched off.
Bei der in Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten weiteren Ausfüh¬ rungsform ist das Hauptrelais nicht auf der Platine des Schaltgeräts SG angeordnet, sondern außerhalb. Der Aufbau der Schaltung gemäß dem Blockschaltbild von Figur 3 sollte nach den voranstellenden Ausführungen ohne weiteres verständ¬ lich sein. Jedoch ist die Abschaltschaltung 80 verschieden von der Abschaltschaltuπg 60 und soll daher in ihren Einzelheiten besprochen werden.In the further embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the main relay is not arranged on the circuit board of the switching device SG, but outside. The structure of the circuit according to the block diagram of FIG. 3 should be readily understandable according to the explanations above. However, the shutdown circuit 80 is different from the shutdown circuit 60 and should therefore be discussed in detail.
Die Abschaltschaltung 80 ist in Figur 4 dargestellt und weist fünf Anschlüsse (vergleiche Figur 3) auf, nämlich HR für das Hauptrelais HR, Klemme 37, Zündschalter Klemme 15, Betriebsspannung VDD vom Spannungsregler 50 und μC zur Verbindung mit dem Rechner μC.The switch-off circuit 80 is shown in FIG. 4 and has five connections (compare FIG. 3), namely HR for the main relay HR, terminal 37, ignition switch terminal 15, operating voltage VDD from the voltage regulator 50 and μC for connection to the computer μC.
Klemme HR ist an den Kollektor eines Darlington-Transistors T220 angeschlossen, dessen Emitter zu der Basis eines Transistors T221 führt, der zur Strombegrenzung im Falle eines Kurzschlusses von HR gegen ÜB vorgesehen ist. Basis und Kollektor von T220 sind durch einen Kondensator C220 zur Verhinderung von Schwingungen beim Ausschalten und eine Zenerdiode D220 überbrückt, die dieselbe Funktion hat wie die Diode DZ in Figur 2. Weiter ist die Basis von T220 über einen Widerstand R222 an den Kollektor eines weiteren Transistors T222 angeschlossen, dessen Basis über eine Diode D223 und einen Widerstand R237 an den Ausgang des Rechners μC angeschlossen ist. Weiter i ist die Basis von T222 über einen iderstand R221 mit HR verbunden.Terminal HR is connected to the collector of a Darlington transistor T220, the emitter of which leads to the base of a transistor T221, which is provided for current limitation in the event of a short-circuit of HR to ÜB. The base and collector of T220 are bridged by a capacitor C220 to prevent vibrations when switching off and a zener diode D220, which has the same function as the diode DZ in FIG. 2. Furthermore, the base of T220 is connected to the collector of a further transistor via a resistor R222 T222 connected, its base via a diode D223 and a resistor R237 is connected to the output of the computer μC. The base of T222 is also connected to HR via a resistor R221.
Die Funktion der in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten Schaltuπgsanόrdnung ist wie folgt:The function of the circuit arrangement shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is as follows:
Bei geschlossenem Zündschalter Klemme 15 wird T220 über D221, R221 leitend. Bei geschlossenem Schalter Klemme 15 ist T220 immer leitend, auch wenn T222 durchschaltet. Schaltet der Rechner μC auf "Low", so wird T222 nicht mehr angesteuert, da ja HR angezogen hat. Am Kollektor von T222 liegen maximal etwa 3 V, das ist für eine Leitung zu wenig .When the ignition switch terminal 15 is closed, T220 becomes conductive via D221, R221. When the switch terminal 15 is closed, T220 is always conductive, even if T222 is on. If the computer switches μC to "Low", T222 is no longer activated, since HR has picked up. There is a maximum of about 3 V at the collector of T222, which is too little for one line.
Wird nun der Zündschalter Klemme 15 ausgeschaltet (geöff¬ net) , so wird über Klemme 37, die von den Kontakten des Hauptrelais HR versorgt wird, und über R223 , R222 der Transistor T220 leitend gehalten. Bei einem "High"-Signal vom Rechner μC ist T222 leitend. Klemme 37 kann T220 nicht mehr leitend halten und die Basis von T220 wird auf Massepotential gezogen, da ja Klemme 15 ausgeschaltet ist und über R221 ein Leiten nicht mehr ermöglicht ist. Das Hauptrelais HR schaltet daher ab. Über R224, R225 wird T222 weiter leitend gehalten.' If the ignition switch terminal 15 is now switched off (opened), the transistor T220 is kept conductive via terminal 37, which is supplied by the contacts of the main relay HR, and via R223, R222. With a "high" signal from the computer μC, T222 is conductive. Terminal 37 can no longer keep T220 conductive and the base of T220 is pulled to ground potential, since terminal 15 is switched off and it is no longer possible to conduct via R221. The main relay HR therefore switches off. T222 is kept conductive via R224, R225. '
Schaltet der Rechner μC auf "Low", so bleibt T222 leitend da über HR, das einen Widerstand von etwa 80 bis 120 Ohm aufweist, bei 14 V etwa 220 μA fließen. Daher kann HR nicht mehr eingeschaltet werden, bleibt also sicher ausgeschaltet. Eine Wiedereinschaltung von HR ist nur über den Zündschalter (Klemme 15) möglich. If the computer switches μC to "Low", then T222 remains conductive because about HR, which has a resistance of approx. 80 to 120 ohms, flows at approx. 220 μA at 14 V. Therefore, HR can no longer be switched on, so it remains safely switched off. HR can only be restarted using the ignition switch (terminal 15).

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Schaltungsanordnung zum Schalten von Aggregaten für Breπnkraftmaschinen mit einem Zündschalter und zumindest einem Relais, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Rechner- schaltuπg (μC) vorgesehen ist, die ihre Betriebsspannung (VDD) von einer schaltbaren Spanπuπgsquelle (50) erhält, die vom Zündschalter (Klemme 15) einschaltbar und mit einer Abschalt-Schaltung (60, 80) verbunden ist, von der in Reaktion auf den Zündschalter und auf Steuersignale der Rechπerschaltung (μC) ein Hauptrelais (HR) schaltbar ist .1. Circuit arrangement for switching units for internal combustion engines with an ignition switch and at least one relay, characterized in that a computer circuit (μC) is provided which receives its operating voltage (VDD) from a switchable voltage source (50) which is supplied by the ignition switch ( Terminal 15) can be switched on and is connected to a switch-off circuit (60, 80), of which a main relay (HR) can be switched in response to the ignition switch and to control signals of the computer circuit (μC).
2. Schaltungsanordnuπg nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die schaltbare Spaπnuπgsquelle (50) mit einer Selbsthalteeinrichtung (Rl, Dl) versehen ist, die von der Abschalt-Schaltung (60) übersteuerbar ist.2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the switchable Spaπnuπgsquelle (50) is provided with a self-holding device (Rl, Dl) which can be overridden by the shutdown circuit (60).
3. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschalt-Schaltung (60) Schalt¬ glieder (Tl, T2 , T3) oder eine vorzugsweise integrierte Logik-Schaltung aufweist, von denen bei Anlegen eines Steuersignals (LOW) an ein weiteres Schaltglied (T4) der Abschalt- Schaltung das Hauptrelais (HR) einschaltbar ist, wenn der Zündschalter (Kl. 15) geöffnet ist.3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switch-off circuit (60) Schalt¬ elements (Tl, T2, T3) or a preferably integrated logic circuit, of which when a control signal (LOW) is applied to one Another switching element (T4) of the shutdown circuit, the main relay (HR) can be switched on when the ignition switch (terminal 15) is open.
4. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschalt-Schaltung (60, 80) Schalt¬ glieder (Tl, T2 , T3) (T220) oder eine vorzugsweise integrie te Logik-Schaltung aufweist, von denen bei Anlegen eines Steuersignals (High) an ein weiteres Schaltglied (T4) (T222) der Abschalt-Schaltung die schaltbare Spannuπgs- quelle (50) und das Hauptrelais (HR) abschaltbar sind, wenn der Züπdschalter (Kl. 15) geöffnet ist. 4. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the switch-off circuit (60, 80) Schalt¬ members (Tl, T2, T3) (T220) or a preferably integrally te logic circuit, of which when one is applied Control signal (high) to a further switching element (T4) (T222) of the switch-off circuit, the switchable voltage source (50) and the main relay (HR) can be switched off when the ignition switch (terminal 15) is open.
5. Schaltungsanordπung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltglieder (Tl, T2 , T3 , T4) npn-Traπsistoren sind, wobei das Hauptrelais (HR) an den Kollektor des Transistors (Tl) angeschlossen ist, dessen Basis mit dem Kollektor des Transistors (T2) ver¬ bunden ist, dessen Basis über eine Diode (D2) mit dem Zündschalter (Kl. 15) und über eine weitere Diode (D3) mit dem Kollektor des Transistors (T4) und der Selbsthalte¬ einrichtung (Rl, Dl) verbunden ist, der Kollektor des Transistors (T3) über einen Widerstand (Rll) an eine Versorgungsspannung (ÜB) gelegt und die Emitter der Tran¬ sistoren (Tl, T2 , T3 , T4) jeweils an Masse gelegt sind.5. Schaltungsanordπung according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the switching elements (Tl, T2, T3, T4) are npn-Traπsistoren, the main relay (HR) being connected to the collector of the transistor (Tl), the base of which Collector of the transistor (T2) is connected, the base of which is connected via a diode (D2) to the ignition switch (terminal 15) and via a further diode (D3) to the collector of the transistor (T4) and the self-holding device (Rl , Dl) is connected, the collector of the transistor (T3) is connected to a supply voltage (ÜB) via a resistor (Rll) and the emitters of the transistors (Tl, T2, T3, T4) are each connected to ground.
6. Schaltuπgsaπordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Schaltglieder (T220, T222) npπ-Tran- sistoren sind, wobei das Hauptrelais (HR) an den Kollektor des Transistors (T220) angeschlossen ist, dessen Basis über einen Widerstand (R222) an den Kollektor des Tran¬ sistors (T222) angeschlossen ist.6. Schaltuπgsaπordnung according to claim 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the switching elements (T220, T222) are npπ transistors, the main relay (HR) being connected to the collector of the transistor (T220), the base of which is connected via a resistor ( R222) is connected to the collector of the transistor (T222).
7. Schaltungsaπordπuπg nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Kollektor des Transistors (Tl, T220) die Kathode einer Zenerdiode (DZ, D220) ange¬ schlossen ist, deren Anode mit der Basis des Transistors verbunden ist.7. Schaltungsaπordπuπg according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the cathode of a zener diode (DZ, D220) is connected to the collector of the transistor (T1, T220), the anode of which is connected to the base of the transistor.
8. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein weiteres Relais (EKP) vorgesehen ist, das in Reaktion auf ein Steuersignal der Rechπerschaltuπg (μC) eiπschaltbar ist und dessen Kontakt dem Kontakt des Hauptrelais (HR) parallel geschal¬ tet ist . 8. Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a further relay (EKP) is provided which can be switched on in response to a control signal of the rechπerschaltuπg (μC) and whose contact contacts the contact of the main relay (HR) in parallel is.
PCT/DE1988/000108 1987-03-12 1988-03-02 Circuit arrangement for switching off electronic systems WO1988006988A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019880701424A KR890700494A (en) 1987-03-12 1988-03-02 Switching circuit for internal combustion engines

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DEP3707932.8 1987-03-12
DE3707932A DE3707932C2 (en) 1987-03-12 1987-03-12 Circuit arrangement for switching off electronic systems

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2660450A1 (en) * 1990-03-30 1991-10-04 Marelli Autronica Sa Device for temporarily keeping a computer live and power supply installation for internal combustion engine applying same
FR2685142A1 (en) * 1991-12-17 1993-06-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert MOUNTING A CIRCUIT FOR CONTROLLING REST OPERATION OF A CONTROL DEVICE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3707932C2 (en) 1994-08-11
DE3707932A1 (en) 1988-09-22
KR890700494A (en) 1989-04-25

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