WO1988006215A1

WO1988006215A1 - Device for mounting inside and/or outside boarding e.g. timber elements

Info

Publication number: WO1988006215A1
Application number: PCT/SE1988/000061
Authority: WO
Inventors: Per Nordgren
Original assignee: Per Nordgren
Priority date: 1987-02-17
Filing date: 1988-02-16
Publication date: 1988-08-25
Also published as: AU1348988A; SE8700647L; SE466407B; SE8700647D0

Abstract

Device for freely movable mounting of timber elements, which can but need not be supporting, as covering of the out- and/or inside of a framework with or without insulation in dependence on building type. The timber elements can but need not have surfaces parallel to the framework on their side facing the framework. To enable individual and added movements of timber elements arranged on a framework each such timber element (1, 10) in outer an/or inner wall is kept substantially abutting against support and guide rails (16, 26) of fastening means (22) driven into the timber elements, said support and guide rails extending vertically and being attached to the framework. Said fastening means (22) are connected by their form to the respective rail (16, 26) detachably and at least against horizontal relative motion between fastening means and the associated rail. This permits individual and added movements of the timber elements conditioned by dimensional changes along as well as across the fibre direction of the timber elements.

Description

Device for Mounting Inside and/or Outside Boarding e.g.Timber Elements This invention relates to a device for freely movable mounting of timber elements preferably intended for timbering to the out- and/or inside of a framework with or without insulation. Timber elements used on the outside of the framework are preferably formed for burl-timbering and have inside the burls a semi-circular cross-sectional form with the plane side outwards whereas timber elements used on the inside of the framework have a semi-circular cross-section along their whole length.

Houses burl-timbered from homogeneous logs are an aesthetically very attractive type of houses that many people want to procure as dwelling and/or weekend cottage, or as annexes for different purposes but they often refrain due to today's very high costs of such houses. These high costs are largely due to high timber prices and difficulties in finding logs of a uniform and intended dimension in a necessary number and obtaining the requisite heat insulation by reasonable log dimensions. Heat insulation of burl-timbered buildings is a great problem per se, especially in the cases when inner walls are desired for the sake of appearances that look like timber walls of old-fashioned type with the inside of the logs visible. Another problem of burl-timbered buildings is the change of dimension occurring across as well as along the fibre direction after timbering and i.a. results in that timbered walls move and shrink, meaning that such walls must be given the necessary time to settle before internal decoration work can be started with a long building time and increased costs as a direct consequence thereof.

Attempts have been made to solve part of the above-mentioned problems by the aid of logs similar to building elements but which can consist of two lateral sections of wood and a heat insulating layer between these of cellular or foam plastic connecting the lateral sections with each other, or of logs with preserved ends and longitudinal through cavities made between these and filled with a heat-insulating material. Certainly such building elements similar to logs have as an advantage better heat-insulating properties but, on the other hand, they will be weakened due to their construction in comparison with homogeneous logs. Moreover, the problems of sealing between such elements and dimensional changes remain which can be very embarrassing, especially at the type of logs comprising two lateral sections of wood separated from one another and connected by means of intermediate filling of cellular or foam plastic, if these wood sections are produced from wood of different quality and degree of dryness in the manufacture of the elements.

Besides, in this field several types of so-called false timber house constructions are previously known built on a shell of a supporting framework externally provided with end sections similar to log boarding and timber burls. As a rule the boarding similar to logs is nailed to the crossbars of the framework which involves a risk of spaces occurring between the boards when these have dried. However, this false timber house construction has the advantages of the crossbar wall at least as regards a high heat-insulating ability relative to the required wall thickness and the possibility of arranging a wind barrier as well as diffusion barrier. Thus, the ideal would be to produce a timbered house construction combining the best properties of the timber wall and crossbar wall in itself but not having the disadvantages of these walls, and the present invention is largely based on and realizes this desidera tum.

The realization of this desideratum is substantially achieved in that each timber element in outer wall and/or inner wall is kept substantially abutting against support and guide rails of fastening means driven into the timber elements, extending vertically and attached to the framework, which fastening means are connected by their form to the respective rail detachably and at least against horizontal motion between fastening means and the associated rail, individual and added movements of the timber elements being allowed by dimensional changes along as well as across the fibre direction of the timber elements.

At an insulated framework provided with wind barrier on the outside of the insulation arranged within the framework each support and guide rail arranged advantageously for mounting of the external timber element is attached to the framework with the wind barrier placed therebetween and has a surface facing the timber elements which is spaced from the surface of the guide rail facing the framework to form an air gap between the covering of the outer wall and the framework.

As to the fastening means included in the present inventive object they have a nail-shaped member to be driven into the intended timber element and which extends substantially in parallel with the associated guide rail when driven into a timber element.

The invention is described in the following in greater detail with reference to the enclosed drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an end section of a timber element for an outer wall, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a timber element for an inner wall, Fig. 3 is a section of a wall covered with external as well as internal timber elements, Fig. 4 is a section taken along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3, Figs. 5-11 show schematically some alternative embodiments of the support and guide rail, parts of associated fastening means also being shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a fastening means for the support and guide rails shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 10 and 11, and Flg. 13 is a perspective view of a fastening means for the rail shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 1 shows an example of a timber element 1 formed for burl-timbering, turned round and provided with a cut groove 2 and tenon 3 which can be joined together with additional such timber elements to a wall construction burl-timbered at right angles. Each such timber element 1 comprises a wall section 4 having a semi-circular basic cross-section, at least one end section 5 having a circular basic cross-section and a region 6 between the wall and end sections 4, 5. This region 5 comprises an arcuate recess 7 with the same radius of curvature as the circular end section 5 and a plane surface 8 having the form of a right-angled sector of a circle, forming an angle of 90° with the plane inside 9 of the wall section 4 and located in the symmetry plane of the arcuate recess perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the log.

The timber element 1 shown in Fig. 1 is intended for right-angled burl-timbering but by disposing the symmetry plane of the recess coinciding with the plane surface 8 at a desired angle in relation to the longitudinal direction of the timber elements any desired angle can in principle be obtained between two burltimbered wall planes.

In Fig. 1 the arcuate recess 7 is shown in a position on the same side of the timber element as its groove 3 but might as well be placed on the same side as the tenon 2 of the timber element which is also the case in the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4 .

Fig. 2 shows a timber element 10 for an inner wall obtained in manufacture of the timber element 1 shown in Fig. 1 by sawing along the diametrical plane of the turned-round log through groove and tenon, preferably before cutting the arcuate recess(es) 7 in the region 6 between the wall and end sections 4, 5 of the timber element. Like the wall section 4 of the timber element 1 the timber element 10 has a tenon 3 and groove 2. The timber element 1 and 10 only shown as examples are intended to be burl-timbered to an outer covering and timbered, respectively, to an inner covering of a conventional framework 11 with vertical crossbars 12, heat insulation 13, wind barrier 14 and diffusion barrier 15. The framework 11 can in a way known per se either be manufactured in big or small sections in a factory for assembly on place or for building thereon. In accordance with the invention, for mounting of the burl-timbered elements 1 to the framework 11 support and guide rails 16 are fastened, e.g. nailed or screwed, to the crossbars 11 of the framework with the wind barrier 14, which in the embodiment shown consists of an asphalt board, located between the crossbars 12 and the support and guide rails 16. The rails 16 fastened to the outside of the framework have a support flange 17 abutting against the framework and an outer support flange 18 parallel to said support flange 17, connected to this through a waist means 19 and located at a distance from the support flange 17 abutting against the framework that corresponds to the width of the desired air gap 21 between the wind barrier 14 and the outer covering formed by the timber elements 1.

Thus, the timber elements 1 are timbered along the rails 16 attached to the framework 11 by means of their upwardly turned groove 2 for receiving the tenon 3 of a timber element placed above. Each timber element 1 is locked to the respective rail 15 by means of fastening means 22 comprising a mounting hook 23 for detachable connection by its form to a locking flange 20 included in the rail 16, a shaft member 24 integral with the mounting hook 23 and formed as distance means, and a nail member 25 integral with the shaft member 24 arranged at an angle to the shaft member which is greater than or equal to 90°. The fastening means 22 is applied in that its mounting hook 23 is first hooked onto the locking flange 20 of the rail and thereafter driven into the nail member 25 of the fastening means in the groove bottom of the timber element with the timber element 1 abutting the rail 16. In this way the timber element is locked against horizontal movement relative to the rail 16 and the framework 11 but movement is allowed in vertical direction thanks to the fact that the mounting hook 23 of the fastening means can move vertically along its locking flange 20. As the mounting hook surrounds the locking flange 20 on two sides, three sides of said rail lying free, a certain stability and guiding of the fastening means 22 laterally are obtained which facilitates its driving into the timber element. The degree of stability and guiding can be adapted all according to need and desire by increasing or reducing the ratio of the internal distance between the arms of the U-shaped mounting hook to the thickness of the locking flange.

In the same way as the timber elements 1 the timber elements 10 on the inside of the framework are also attached by means of support and guide rails 26 and fastening means 22. Therefore no air gap is required between the framework and the inner covering timbered from the elements 10 but the timber elements can be attached directly to the inside of the framework, the rails 26 used here being adapted to this. Is the framework 11 insulated and provided with diffusion barrier 15, as is the case in the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the rails 26 should be attached to the framework 11 with the diffusion barrier 15 placed therebetween. In order to protect this when timbering the inner covering the rails 26 in the example shown in Figs. 3 and 4 are recessed in or laterally surrounded by protective plates 27 attached to the framework and have a height not less than the thickness of the plate. The mounting hook 23 of the fastening means and the locking flange 20 of the rail should have such a length that the mounting hook is free of the diffusion barrier 15. Figs. 5 and 6 show two alternative support and guide rails 26 arranged to be used for mounting of the timber elements 10 to the inside of a framework 11 provided with a diffusion barrier without it being necessary to use protective plates. Besides the support flange 17 which like all guiding rails included in this invention is provided with holes having a suitable c-c-distance for the attachment of the rail to the framework 11 by means of nails, screws or similar means, these rails exhibit the support flange 18 as support for the timber elements and the locking flange 20 as well as the waist means 19 supporting the support flange, a member 28 connecting the waist means with the support flange 17 and so designed that it has a flat surface 29 facing the framework and that this, when the rail is attached, will press in the diffusion barrier 15 and the insulation lying inside by means of this surface without damaging the diffusion barrier. In addition, each such rail, as a support for the support flange 18 functioning for the timber elements in relation to the support flange 17 attached to the framework 11 of the rail, should be displaced towards the timber elements a distance that at least corresponds to the height of the fastening means, such as nail and screw heads, optionally projecting from the support flange 17 of the rail so that the flat side of the timber elements is quite free of fastening means when the timber elements are applied and anchored.

In Fig. 7 there is shown an alternative embodiment of the support and guide rail 16 included in the invention and intended to be attached to the outside of the framework in order to form the air gap 21 between the wind barrier 14 and the timber elements 1. In this embodiment the rail has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional form with a longitudinal groove 30 for introducing the associated fastening means, as shown in Fig. 13. The locking flange 20 consists of any one of the flanges also serving as support flange 20 on both sides of the groove 30 or of these two flanges in case the locking hook 23 of the fastening means extends on both sides of the shaft member 24 of the fastening means. Like in the fastening means shown in Fig. 12 the nail member 25 of the fastening means shown in Fig. 13 forms an angle with the shaft member 24 and mounting hook 23 of the fastening means lying in the same plane which is greater than or equal to 90°. Figs. 8 and 9 show some alternative embodiments of the support and guide rails and of the mounting hook 23 of the associated fastening means in order to illustrate that a lot of embodiments of the support and guide rails and of the associated fastening means can be within the scope of the present inventive idea.

This invention is also applicable to such buildings as do not require neither insulation, nor air gap, nor diffusion barrier. In such cases the support and guide rails 31 shown in Figs. 10 and 11, like the rails according to Figs. 5 and 6, can be used with advantage on the inside as well as the outside of the framework 11. As far as the rail shown in Fig. 10 is concerned, like the rails according to Figs. 5 and 6, the support flange 18 should be outwardly displaced from the support flange 18 in order that the timber elements should be free of possible nail or screw heads projecting from the support flange 17 at the application. In the design according to Fig. 11 the support flange 17 is intended to be fastened to the inside of a crossbar in the framework and not in the plane of the framework, as is the case in the other embodiments of the support and guide rail shown.

This invention is not restricted to what has been described above and shown on the drawings but can be amended, modified, above all the support and guide rails and the associated fastening means, and combined in many different ways within the scope of the inventive idea defined in the appended claims. It should be stressed that this invention is not useful only for timber elements shown on the drawings but also for other timber elements having any other cross-sectional form in the wall section as well as the end sections than the semi-circular and circular one as well as for other, for example board-like timber elements for internal and/or external wall covering. Moreover, the fastening means 22 can have another form than that shown in for example Figs. 11, 12 and 13, for example the form shown in Figs. 14-16. In this embodiment the fastening means 22 is formed from metal sheet, preferably steel or aluminium sheet, for example by means of punching, and has a mounting hook 23 for coaction with the locking flange 20 of a guide rail 16 and one or preferably two holes 40 for the attachment of the fastening means to an internal and/or external timber element 41 by means of a nail or preferably a screw 42, as shown in Fig. 16. The mounting hook 23 is formed as a curved extension of the plate-shaped member 43 of the fastening means, in which the holes 40 are made and which becomes more and more narrow from the holes 40 towards the mounting hook 23.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Device for freely movable mounting of boarding, for example timber elements, which can but need not be supporting, as covering of the out- and/or inside of a framework with or without insulation in dependence on building type, said timber elements possibly but not necessarily having surfaces parallel to the framework on their side facing the framework, c h a r a c t e r i z e d m that each boarding element (1, 10) in outer and/or inner wall is kept substantially abutting against support and guide rails (16, 26) of fastening means (22) attached to the boarding, said support and guide rails (16, 26) extending vertically and being attached to the framework, said fastening means being connected by their form to the respective rail (16, 26) detachably and at least against horizontal motion between fastening means and the associated rail, individual and added movements of the boarding being allowed by dimensional changes along as well as across the fibre direction of the boarding.

2. Device as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that each support and guide rail (16, 26) has a longitudinal locking flange (20) with three exposed sides and directed substantially towards the central part of the framework, for hooked coaction with a mounting hook (23) of each fastening means (22).

3. Device as claimed m claim 1 or 2, said framework being provided with insulation, wind barrier and diffusion barrier, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the support and guide rails (16) on the outside of the framework are attached to tne framework (11) with the wind barrier (14) located therebetween and have a support surface (18) facing tne ooardmg (1) wnich surface is spaced from the support surface (17) of the rail facing tne framework so that the necessary air gap (21) is obtained between the boarding (1) and the framework (11).

4. Device as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3, said framework being provided with insulation, wind barrier and diffusion barrier, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the support and guide rails (26) located on the inside of the framework are attached to the framework (11) with the diffusion barrier (15) therebetween, are recessed in or laterally surrounded by protective plates attached to the framework (11) on the outside of the diffusion barrier (15) and have a height between their support surfaces (17, 18) facing the boarding (10) and framework (11), respectively, that is at least equal to the thickness of said plates.

5. Device as claimed in claims 1, 2 or 3, said framework being provided with insulation, wind barrier and diffusion barrier, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the support and guide rails (26) located on the outside of the framework are attached to the framework (11) with the diffusion barrier (15) located therebetween and have in connection with their support surface (17) connecting to the framework an even surface extending into the framework and depressing diffusion barrier and insulation, said support surface (18) of the rail facing the boarding being connected to said depressing surface, said support surface (18) being displaced towards the boarding relative to the support surface (17) of the rail attached to the framework a distance that at least corresponds to the height of fastening means, for example screws or nails, possibly projecting from the last-mentioned support surface (17) of the rail.

6. Device as claimed in any one cf the preceding claims 2-5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that each fastening means (22) besides mounting hook (23) comprises a nail member (25) for driving m a timber ele ment (1, 10) and a shaft member (24) serving as distance means and connecting the mounting hook with the nail member.

7. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 2-6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the mounting hook (23) of the fastening means is substantially U-shaped, one arm of which continues into the shaft member (24).

8. Device as claimed in claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the support and guide rail (16) has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional form with a longitudinal groove (30) in the side facing the boarding and serving as support surface against this, said groove (30) having a width at least equal to the width of a mounting hook (23) included in each fastening means (22) and a shaft member (24) serving as distance means, said mounting hook (23) forming a right angle with said shaft member (24) which continues into a nail member for driving in a boarding element, said nail member (25) being arranged substantially perpendicularly to a plane common to shaft member (24) and mounting hook (23).

9. Device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the support and guide rail (31) is formed to be attached with a support flange

(17) to the inside of crossbars included in the framework (11) or m the plane thereof.

10. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 2-6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the fastening means (22) is in the form of a plate and has a mounting hook (23) and holes (40) to be anchored to a boarding element by means of nails, screws or the like.