USRE8730E - Improvement in steam-boilers and f - Google Patents

Description

- 2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

o. W. REED.' Steam ABoiler and4 Furnace.

No. 8,730. Reissued Jun-e 3,1819.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

cULLnv W. REED, on cEAenIN FALLS, omo.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM- Bom-:Rs AND P URNACES.

. l v Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 209,514, dated October 29, 1878; Reissue No. 8,730, dated i J une 3, 1879 application filed February 21, 1879.

lTo all whom it mag/concern:

Be it known that I, OULLIN W'. REED, of Chagrin Falls, in the county of Cuyahoga. and -State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam -Boilers and Furnaces, of which the following' is a speciication.

This invention relates to improvementsy in horizontal steam-boilers and means for heating the water therein, its object being to prevent the deposition of sediment upon, and consequent incrustation of, tubes and walls of the boiler exposed to direct heat of the furnaceA by securingwithin and at the base of the boiler an unagitated body or pool of water vin contact with a base-wall not exposed to direct furnace-heat, and in which all sediment will settle, and not be cak'ed or baked, but' remain soft yand easily removable; to produce a perfect circulation of 4the water-with a minimum agitation; to provide for the thorough combustion within the boiler and in contact with water-heating walls of the gases generated from the fuel used, and to facilitate the cokin g of the bituminous varieties of coal when used and the combustion of said lcoal and its gaseous -products.

My invention consists, first, in the combination, with a horizontal boiler having a horizontal liuc, through which extend a series of vertical fines, of afurnace provided with a vertical grate anda magazine located in the npper part, the lower part of said magazine being surrounded by anannular air-tube commucating with the open air, the upper part of the magazine being provided inside with a series of -airtubes extending from the top of said magazine downward, the vertical grate, annuvlar.air-tube, and the tubos in the magazine all `operating in conjunction to supply a largeamount of air/to the combustion-chamber, in order to consume the tar and gasesgenerated in the lower part of the magazine, whereby the magazine is prevented from becoming clogged and an 'intense heat is produced in the combustionchamber; second, in the combination, in a horimntal boiler, of a horizontal rectangu, lar line running the entire length of the boiler, a vertical chamber open from top to bottom and extending'through the horizontal ilue and 'the water and vsteam spaces ofsaid boiler, a

the boilerr in order to hold f tom ofthe rectangular flue, as more fully hereinafter' specified. V

ln thedrawings, Figure l represents a vertical longitudinal section of my improved boiler; Fig.2,ahorizontal section ofthesanie. Fig.

3 represents a top View ofthe tire-box with the top and magazine removed. Fig. 4 represents a detached perspective view oi' the magazine Fig. 5, a detached perspective view ofthe vertical portion of the grate. Fig. Gis a plan view of the annular' perforated tube for supplying air to the combustion line or chamber. Fig. 7 is a front view ofthe boiler and furnace-tine.

The letter A designates a cylindrical shell or outer casing of. a Ahorizontal boiler, and B a rectangular ilue extending from end to end thereof and united at thel heads of the same. Said flue is of such size as to leave a continuous water-space around it, and is stay-bolted to said ilue iirmly. in position.

The Water-spaces a at the sides of the Vflue have a combined capacity, which is much less than that of` the water-space below the flue, so that the downward ilow of circulating water can never have sufficient volume to displace the whole body of water in the'lower space or agitato that portion ofthe water which lies at `the base of thel boiler, which, consequently,

forms a steady pool, into which all sediment will settle. g y

- Within the flue and extending through it are set a series ofwater-tubes or sin all lines, (l, which connect the upper and lower portions ofthe water-space. These tubes are shouldered near their ends, and are calked on the water-surface of the lue-sheets,instead of on the refsurface of the same, whereby all liability ofthe ends of saidy tubes to be burned outis entirely avoided. VThe p tubes are arranged in transverse parallel rows, those of each row standing opposite the spaces between the tubes ofthe rows'ou each side of it, whereby the products of combustion are compelled to take azigzag course through the rectangular flue and around the tubes, by means of which the heat is effectually absorbed and-thoroughly utilized;

The letter E indicates thefurnace, which is located at the forward end of the boiler. Said furnace is formed\ in three sections, the upper section forming a receptacle for a mag= azine, the intermediate section vthe combustionchamber, which is formed by the forward end of the line B, and the lower section forming the tire-box of the furnace. Inthe upper section is located a magazine, G, consisting of an inverted frustnm -shaped shell having a short cylindrical downward extension, g, at its lower ,end. The lower part of said section and the cylindrical extension are preferably perforated, as shown, in order to permit the tar and gases generated from the heated coil to escape into the combustion-chamber and be consumed. The perforations, however, may be omitted, and the tarry matters will escape from the open lower end of the magazine.

From the upper part of the magazine extend downward a series of air iiues or tubes, h, which communicate with the open air at their. upper ends, and terminate at their lower ends on or about a line with the upper series of perforations in said magazine when it is perf@ rated. 'These fines serve to admit air to the gases generated in the lower part of the magazine, so as to insurethe combustion of the same'in the combustion-chamber.

The letter E indicates the combustion chamber or iiue, in which the lower end of the magazine extends. Said combustion-chamber-being located in the forward end of the flue B, the burning gases and heated products of combustion pass directly onfrom' said chamber through the flue toward the smoke-stack, a thorough combustion of the gases taking place within said iiue. j The letter k represents an annular pipe, perforated on the vlower-side, locatedA within. the combustion -chamber, and surrounding the lower part of the magazine, its ends communicating with' the open air, whereby a current of air in jets is admitted into the combustionchamber to mingle with and facilitate the combustion of the gases.

The vletter I represents the tire-box, which may be of any desired shape, in the/present instance being cylindrical, which is the most convenient form. Within said fire-chamber is located a vertical grate or series of grate-bars alongthe sides of tirelire-box, said grate being of a coniguration to correspond with the fire-box.. In the presentin'stanee the said grate is cylindrical in shape, and is made in two sections for convenience of insertion and removal.

The top of the grateis constructed with an aix-- nular flange, which rests upon the upper edge of the fire-box and holds it in place.

y The letter Lvindicates the conical grate, pivotedat the lower part ofthe tire-box in such K --fmanner that it can be readily and conveniently dumped. Y y

The operation of my invention is as follows: The iire is started in the furnace and the magazine properly filled with coal at the top. The air, entering from below the furnace, passes loi inthe magazine, coking the coal as it 4 the water is y thecirculation-tubes, and the return waterup through the conical grate into the center of the' fuel, and at the same time up betweenjthe Vertical grate-bars,insuringperfect combustion ot' the fuel, and preventing the same from coming into actual contact with thewalls of the irebox, whereby all liability of injury to the same by the intense heat of the burning fuel is obviated. The iiames and products of combustion pass upward into the combustion or flue chamber, where they are met by the tarry matter and gases escaping from the magazine and'by the current of air-jets from the annular pipe in the combustion-chamber. These tarry matters and gases are ignited, and the combined products ofthe combustion of these and theburning fuel in the tire-box pass into the rectangular line, where they are compelled to circulate thoroughly between and around the short pipes, by means of which the heat is thoroughly absorbed on the passage of the heated products to the smoke-stack.

The vertical grate, the annular tube, and the perforated magazine, with the air-tubes iu its upper part extending downward to the perforated part ofthe magazine, all operate to supply a large amount of air to the combusticnchamber, which is necessary when burning bituminous coal, to consume the tarry .matter and gases generated in the magazine,

and which, it' not consumed, would clog the magazine, and would cause deposits in the fines andv entail the loss of valuable combustible material.

lt will be seenthat as thus constructed the boiler has the combined advantages of a horizontal and vertical boiler, inasmuch as the Vtubes o`r lines in the horizontal flue provide for direct upward currents of water in the same manner Y as in a vertical boiler, which is the most effective arrangement, as the circulation of .the wa- Y ter is much more rapid in such than where it has to circulate through horizontal tubes. As the furnace is entirely surrounded by water, it will be evident that no heat can be lost by radiation. y

The furnace is adapted to the usey of any variety of coals, bituminous as wellA as anthracite, as the tarry matters and gases are burned reaches the lower part of the same, in which condition it readily feeds downwardly into the lire-pot. n The perpendicular wedge-like space around the upper part of the magazine is a hot-'tir space, which assists to heat the coal when first put into the magazine, and also aids in keeping the steam in the steam-space dry.

By reason of the large number of watertubes, the water is divided into numerousV small columns, whereby the steam is much v more rapidly generated than in boilers of -ordinary construction 5 and as the lnain body of below the flue and lower ends of passages at the sides of the flue being of such capacity as not to cause the displacement or agitation .of the-base water, a steady pool 1s l n.730 i s secured, where all sediment settles, entirely away from the fire-surface, thus preventing the incrustation and burning of the boiler by reason of the collection of such sediment, and thereby obviating the most serious danger at tendant upon the use of steam-boilers, the agitation of the water in the upper part Iof the boiler preventing the sediment from settling on the flat upper surfaceof the rectangular flue. By means of suitable man-holes at the top and Y above and below the rectangular ue, provision is made for readily cleaning and repairing the boiler.

All cold drafts at the time of charging the furnace, which are most objectionable in the ordinary furnaces, are wholly done away with, as there are no doors leading directly into the combustion-chamber orfirc-box, the coal being charged into the magazines. Consequently the fires are never deadened nor the heatingsurfaces cooled, as in other boilers. It requires little attention, and combines simplicity, strength, durability, safety, adaptability, and economy, does not exceed in cost the fire-box tubular boiler, and is adapted to locomotive, marine, or stationary work, as 'well as general heating purposes.

What I claim isv l 1. In combination with4 a boiler having a bottom,4 with ample rnomto work horizontal flue, a furnace having a vertical a magazine in its upper part, the

grate and lower part of said magazine being surrounded with a perforated air-tube lcommunicating with the open air, the upper part of the magazine being-provided inside with a series of air-tubes extendingifrom the top downward, all operating in conjunction to supply a large -amount of air to the combustion-chamber, whereby the tar and gases generated in the magazine are consumed., in Vorder to, .prevent .clogging and intensify the heat, substantially as specified.

2. T he combination, in a horizontal boiler, of a horizontal rectangular flue running the entire length of the boiler, a vertical chamber open from top to bottom and extending through the horizontal flue and the water and steam spaces of said boiler, a fuel-magazine in the upperA portion ci said chamber, around which is formed a combustion-chamber, and a fire-box in the lower portion thereof, said lire-box being below the bottom of the rectangular iiue, substantially asdescribed. g

lIn testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand in presence of the subscribing witnesses.

l CULLIN W. REED. Witnesses:

1I. W. WrLLIAMs,l

C. H. GARDNER.

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