USRE7883E - Improvement in devices for making coffee, tea, and other extracts - Google Patents

Description

J M IL L E R .Assignbr to the Pressure Eitract 00.

minus FOR MAKING COFFEE, TEA, ANb-OTHER ExTRAc-Ts.

No. 7.883. Reissued S e pt.11,1877

'IIIVEIITIII:

NIPETERS, PNOTO-LI'TMOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON D c.

. To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

JONATHAN MILLER, OF HIMRODS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE PRESSURE EXTRACT COMPANY, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN DEVICES FOR MAKING COFFEE. TEA. AND OTHER EXTRACTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 176,980, dated May2, 1876 Reissue No. 7,883, dated September 11, 1877; application filed April 24, 1817.

Division B.

Be it known that I, JONATHAN MILLER, Himrods, in the county of Yates and State of NewYork, have invented a new and Improved Device for Making Oofl'ee, vTea, and other Extracts; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of the complete device. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the device removed from the urn, and with the parts of the press detached.

My invention relates to a novel device for making cofl'ee, tea, and other extracts; and it consists in the combination, with the receptacle for the water orotherliquid, of an unyielding receptacle for the porous material, having openings above and below for the access and discharge of the liquid, and having also a removable portion for the introduction of the porous material, which removable portion is provided with rigid fastenings, the said apparatus being applicable to the making of all kinds of extracts, and operating in the nature of a press, as soon as the liquid is admitted to the material, by reason of the expansion of the particles of the porous material filling the uuyieldingchamber. This pressure closes up the little interstices between the particles, forces the air from the press, prevents steam from generating, and holds the liquid and material motionless until after the extract has passed from the material into the liquid, where there is room for it without increasing the bulk, thereby imparting the extractive principle of the material to the solvent in the original proportions in which said extractive principle existed in said material.

In the drawing, 0 is the receptacle for the water or liquid forming the solvent, and E the holder or press for the coffee or other material. The said press is attached to the waterreceptacle, and is separated therefrom by a perforated diaphragm, f. The press also has a detachable cup portion, g, which has a perforated bottom, g, which said cup portion is made to fit upon the shell f attached to the liquid-receptacle, and is rigidlyfastened to the same by bayoneted slots and pins, or other devices which will not permit the cup to give to the expansion of the ground material. The device, as thus described, is provided with a flange, B, which is designed to rest upon the top of, an urn or other suitable receptacle for the extract, so as to act as a cover to said urn.

The manufacture of coifee and tea as a beverage, and all kinds of extracts for medicinal purposes, or otherwise, has been attended with certain difliculties which have not been overcome heretofore, notwithstanding that numerous devices have been produced at different periods. The reason for this is that all devices have been precisely alike in the one respect that they permit the material to move or float in the liquid'with which the extract is to be made.

The fact that the soluble properties of any material must be obtained in their original proportion in order to retain the precise aroma and flavor seems to have been neglected. If hot or cold liquid be passed through any material, as in percolation, the proportion of the properties is destroyed, although the entire extract may finally lodge in the same vessel; and the result will be the same if steam be forced through the material, or vapor be allowed to form upon the same during the process of extraction.

The advantages of this device are that the properties of any material may be obtained in their original proportion, thereby retaining the precise aroma and flavor of the original material. Beverages made by this apparatus are healthier for that reason, and all extracts made under this pressure will keep longer than others.

What is meant by obtaining the extracts in their original proportions is the simultaneous separation from the porous material of the different chemical elements as they exist in the material. which constitute the proper flavor, which elements are liable to be separated by other devices, the more soluble and volatile passing ofi first, and the less soluble and less volatile passing ofl afterward. This separation of the component elements of the extractive matter is such that, although they me chanically mix in the urn, they do not reunite in the same and assume the same relative proportions existing in the porous material, which proportion is. the only one which represents the true flavor and strength of the extract,

By filling the press full of the dry material, made sufliciently fine to admit of ready expansion, the pressure will commence as soon as the liquid enters the same, thereby holding the whole liquid and material motionless, driving the air from the same, and preventing the generation of steam, so that the entire soluble properties of the material must enter the liquid without separation, as there is neither steam. air, nor motion in the press, and they extract cannot escape from the same until the passage of the soluble properties of the mate rial into the liquid (where there is room for them without increasing the bulk) has relieved the pressure.

If a strainer or aperture for the escape of the extract be placed at the bottom of the press, it will: come out entirely free from sediment, as the; expansion of the material forces the particles so firmly together that the-finest dust cannot escape; neither can it clog the stminers. By this means a mostperfect strainer is formed,which entirely obviatesthe necessity of usingfelt, paper, or other slubstancesfor clarifying.

Another advantage derived from my device is that the properties of certain kinds of Illaterial may be readily extracted with cold water,

therebyv retaining the natural'zaroma and flavorof the original material, which extraction has. been considered impractical heretofore except i by distillation. The only condition required is that the material shall be completely pulverized, and the press shaken gently at the time of filling. Then the pressure will commence before any considerable portion of the liquid has escaped, and the whole mass will be held motionless, and the result obtained as hereinbefore. described.

I am aware of the fact that coffee-pots have been constructed in which the ground coflee has been held down in the holder by a weight, andthat an expanding holder has been employed to yield to the increased bulk of coffee when saturated with water.

In manufacturing extracts with this apparatus, however, the exertion of force requisite to compress the grains and close the interstices is such as to render any weight or spring wholly impractical for the purpose, the only for the introduction or the said material, combined withtheliquid receptacle, and arranged therewith, as described, so as to permit the liquid to pass only from the liqnid receptacle to the extract-receiver, substan tially as shown 3 and: described.

JONATHAN. MILLER.

Witnesses:

EFL. Omnnnn, G. S.Gaosm1sna.

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