USRE639E - Improvement in looms for weaving figured fabrics - Google Patents

Description

'Vv'orcestea in the county of Worcester, inthe do hereby declare the following to be a full,

goods it has heretofore been necessary to emwith a single pattern-chain, in which the necessary changes required by the dii'erent figures *which is operated in the usual manic" by the 'power 'is appliedwhich sets the loom in motiou.

UNITED S'rwrasA encuen ouoinr'ron, ou WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

.- iMPuovEMENT in Looms Foa WEAVING steunen FABRICS.

Speciiicatiou forming part of Letters Patent. No. 11,9313, dated November 14, 1854 Reissue rNo. 639, dated December 2e, icas. f v

.To (1f/XZ whom, -r may concern.'

Be it known that 1', GEoRGE GRGMPTON, of

Stato of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms for Weaving Ornamental Figurcd Fabrics; and I clear, andexact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawin s, making part of this specification, in whic Figure 1 is a side view4 of a loom with my improvements attached, a portion of the framework being removed Fig. 2, an end view of the same; Fig. 3, a plan; Fig. 4, a view ofthe opposite side of the loom, a portion of the framework being removed; Figs.- 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and *l0 are details, which will be referred to hereinafter.

In weaving ornamental figured goods, both colored and plain, it is often desirable torepeat one patternfor a certain distance, and then to follow it by another, which in like manner lis repeated as far as required, and so on with four or more separate-patterns, the complete series when finished being again repeated iu the same order. To weave such ploy two or more pattern-chains, which are operated in succession, each one being run a sufficient length of time tocomplete the desired. length of pattern before it is followed by the next one. By the use of my present invention I am enabled to weave all such goods are ull automatically made by the loom itself.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the manner which I have adopted of carrying it out, referring, generally, to the principal .features of the loom wherein they do not diii'er from those of similar looms as heretofore constructed, and describing particularly only those parts which form the subject of my in vention.

Ais the fra ine-work of theioom; B, thclathe,

cranks fi upon the Vcrank-shaft D, to which E is the paiternclniin, the rollers a. upon which govern the motions of the harnessin the customary manner. The rods F orliook-jacks are raised for the purpose of operating the heddles by the following means:

G is a bar attached toV the vertical sliding rods I. which are secured at top to the bar or evener K, and slide vertically in bearings L.

,The frame G I K is v-ibratedup vand down by the arm N and crank M upon the shaft D. A similar frame, composed ofthe horizontal bars O P and vertical rods R, serves the purpose of depressing those rodsor hook-jacks which require -to be carried down, the bar P taking uniformly opened, I have ladopted the following plan of giving an increased motion to those" leaves of the harness which are farthest front `the shuttie-race. The bars Gr, instead of being,

connected rigidly with rods I, are pivoted at tio" an adjustable socket, u. The other end is raised or lowered by the nuts w w', by which means the bar may be set at any desired inclination. One end of the bar l), which dcpresses the rods or jacks F, is made similarly adjustable, and thus the shed is evenly and uniformly opened, which woultl not be the euse werethe lifting-bar G to be horizontal.

I wili now describe the manner in' which the pattern-chain is operated. It is carried in the usual manner by notched wheelsfupon the shaft T, which are caused to revolve by, the following means:

U,1Fig. 7, is a ratchetwhoel upon the shaft T, havinga number of teeth equal to thenulnber ot notches iu the carryingwheelsf.

V is a bent lever, which is allowed to more freely upon the shaft'l and is vibrated-by the rod XV, which is sctin motion by a pin.in the crank g, which plays in the slot h. VY carries a pawl, i, which engages with v thc teeth of the ratchetwheel U, and-thus, as the crank g revolves, the shaft T, and withit tho Tho lever ratchetjwheel U.

4ratchet-wheel is moved three teeth the patinto operation.

`he the pattern which is tirs`t to be woven for sented in Fig'. 7, which projects over the shaft T and lies immediately at the/'side of the l is a pin projecting from the side ot' the pawl i, which rests upon the top of the lever X. The object of this lever, which may be placed in three dit'erent positions, is to regulate the vdistance which the ratchet-wheel is to be vibrated by the pawl when in its lowest position, as seen in Fig.7. The pin I does not touch it as the pawl i vibrates, and the latter is allowed to turn the ratchet-wheel U a distance equal to the length ot' three teeth. When the lever is raised 'into its second posil tion, as-seen in red lines in Fig. 7, the pin tis raised from out of contact with the ratchet- Wheel for aportion of its vibration, `.und the latter is moved two teeth and when the lever X is raised into its third position, as seen in blue in Fig. 7, the pawl is thereby raised so high that it is made to pass over two teeth of y the ratchet wheel, which, in consequence, is

l only moved a'distance equal to the length of butv onetooth. As the number of teeth in the ratchet-wheel is the same as the number of` the notches in the wheels which carry the pattern-chain, it is evident that when the ratchet wheel is moved but one tooththe rollers upon eachsuccessive rod of the chain are brought i around to act against the rodsv or jacks F. g When, however, the ratchet-wheel is moved j two teeth, the rollers upon every alternate rod are brought into operation, and when the tern-chain is moved a corresponding distance, only every third rod of rollers heilig brought The object of communicating these ditl'erent g degrees of `motion to the pattern chain will now be explained. Suppose A A', Fig. 9, to

a specitied length of cloth, and that the pat.- tern for weaving one of ,the diamonds, m, be j arranged upon the rods 1 35 7 9 1113 ot' the't chain. Let the chain he in such a position E that the rollers upon the rod 1 hear upon the l rods F, and let vthe lever X be in such a position that the pawl z' shall move the ratchet-.i wheel two teeth each time the crank-shaft rei volves. ltis evidentnow that the pattern upon k the rods 1 3 5 Sie., lwill be repeated so long as the leverX remains unmoved. Suppose, now, that aftery a certain interval it be re quired to follow this pattern by another, B', i Fig. 9. The pattern for weaving one ofthe dialnonds, 'm2, is arranged upon the rods 2 4^ 6 8 1t) 12.14. The lever X is then thrown into the'position as seen in black lines in Fig. 7, the pawl being thereby permitted to 'turn the ratchetwheel three teeth, and the pattern y chain is moved ti om 13 to 2, or so that the rollers upon the latter rod bear upon the rods l". vThe lever X is immediately returned to the position which permits the ratchet-wheel to he .revolved two teeth aat a. time, and the pat-1 terns upon the rods 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 are re peated so long as the lever X continues unmoved. Ifnow it be desired lto'repeat the pnttern A after a suicientquantity ot' the patternB is vwovemit is evident that, as the former must begin with the rod 1 while the latterends with tlije rod 14, in order to make this transition froni 14 to 1.` the ratchetwheel must be revolved one tooth only. To aecomplish this the lever X is raised tov its highest position, (as seen in blue lines in Fig. 7,) and before the next pick thelever is again returned to its intermediate position', and the pattern upon the rods l 3 5 7, &c., continues until the lever X is again changed.

It now remains to show the manner in which the lever X is thrown into the desired posi tionsnat the proper time to govern the motions of the pattern chains. This is accomplished by the pattern-wheel Z having two circles of holes, n o, into which are inserted pins p q, the latter heilig double the length ot' the former, Fig. 3.

The wheel Z is revolved in the following manner: a is a pawl, which engages withteeth upon the periphery ot' the wheel Z, andis operated by dogs b upon the pattern-chain. Whenever' it is required that the pawl i shall move the ratchet-wheelU two teeth for the purpose ot' bringing every alternate rod of the chain into operation, one of the pins qi is allowed to strike upon the toe r of the lever X and throw the latter into `the position re` resented hy red lilies. When it is require tu move the ratchet-wheel 'U but one tooth, one of the outer circle of pins, p, is-allo'wedto bear upon the vlever X at s, Fig. 10, by which means the latter is raised into the position represented. b v blue lines, Fig. 7, and the pawl i is held up so that the yratchet-wheel U is moved but one tooth. If it bel requiredto j pass over two rods of' the chain, and to bring the third one into operation, the lever Xis allowed to drop upon the shaft T, which is accomplished by leaving the holes n o in thu wheel Z vacant, which permits the lever X to takel the position shown by black lines, Fig. 7, so as not to interfere with the opera'- tion of the pawl i; The pins p and q are so arranged in the holes ot` the wheels Z as to give the proper succession ot' tigures'hy governing the motions of thei'patternehain, as l required.

The second part of my invention consists in placing two patterns side by side upon the rods ofthe patteruehain, the latter being vibrated longitudinally at proper intervals, so as to bring one or other yof these patterns into operation at 'a time, the lateral vibration ot' the pattern-chain being governed by a pin "wheel similar to the one 'described abovthtbr ,the purpose of regulating the revolving rinotion of the patternchain., By a reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen thatlthere are two-separate patterns arranged npon the chaima por-v the following manner: J' is alever pivoted at lthe chain is in one position one only of the tion of the rollers being of4 suicient width only 'to allow them to enter between the rods F. These patterns are so arranged that'when patterns is brought into operation, and when it is vlbrated slightly to one side this pattern is thrown out of operation and the other is brought into'use. v v

The vibration f the patterirchain at the proper' time is effected in the following'mau-l ner: E' is a lever pivoted to theframe of the loom at c', and which is vibrated once for every revolution of the crank shaft in the t'ol. lowing manner: d' is a slice attached to this lever by a pin. This shoe runs in a double groove, e'f', Fig. 5, of thewheeL-F', upon" the crank-shaft AI). This groove is so formed that on the arrival of the shoe at the point 'fr' it is switched into the groove of smaller diameter, f', and again at the arrival of Vthe shoe at the point y' itis switched into the groove rof larger diameter, e'. A vibratory motion is thus co1nmunieated to the lever E' up and down once for every two revolutions ot' the` crank-shaft. The shaft T, which carries thegpatterwch ain', is vihrated inits bearings g' in the followin g manner:` h" is a spring fork', which is made to. play in one of two grooves, i', on the shaft- T. This spring is attached to the short shaft (3.'.` 1 is au arm projecting-from the shaft G', and connected with the lever E' by the rod H'. By these connections it will appear that when t lthe lever E' is Vibrated by the revolutions ot' the cam F', the shaft G' will also be vibrated, anda longitudinal vibratory motion Will-be communicated tothe shaft T of the patternchain, except whenthis shaft is held stationary, hy means to be presently described, in which case the spring-fork h' is allowed to bend as the shaft G' vihrates, and no motion is communieatedto the shaft T. This latter is held stationary,v when it is not required to move, in

k', one end of which is allowed to rest in one or other of the grooves i'. K' is a wheel having a circleof holes, l', near its periphery. Into these holes are inserted, at suitable intervals, pins m', which strike upon the rear end of the lever 1 and raise it from out the grooves t" of the shaft T. n' is a spring, which presses the lever into the groove i' whenever it is not raised by the pins in the wheel K. O' is a Spring which presses upon the periphery of the wheel 'K' and prevents it, as well as the l wheel Z,` from moving, except as they are driven by the dogs b' and the pawl a', in the manner described. i It has been stated that some of the rollers l ofthe pattern-chain project between the rods F, and it becomes necessary before the patternj i chain can be moved laterallyr .that these rods l should be pressed back ont ot its way. etlected in the following manner: The lever E', which effects the lateral movement ofthe patternchain, is allowed to extend upon the This is l' opposite side of its pivot, and is connected, by the rod L', to the vibrating frame M', Fig. 7, having fingers p', which project between the rods F. A horizontal rod, q', passes through these fm gers, and as the frame M' is vibrated in the manner before described these rods are pressed back out of the way of the rollers upon the-patternchain, which latteristhns left free to be moved laterally, if required; and as by this mea-ns the rods or jacks aref'vibrated out ot' contact with the rollers of the pattern-chain, before these'are shifted it follows that all wearing of the surface of the Arollers is avoided. Let us suppose now that the, requisite amount hasbeen woven of the patternsA' B' and that it be desired to follow them' by the patterns C' D', Fig. 9. The pattern C is arranged upon the rods 2 et 6 8 10 12 14 by the side of the pattern B, and upon completion of the latter pattern a, pin, m', in the wheel K' raises the le# ver J' from out the grooves i', and the rods F, having been pressed back by therod q', as de scribed, the shaft T is vibrated by the spring h', and the next instant the lever l' falls into the next groove, i', and the shaft of the chain is again prevented from being vibrated'laterally until a sufficient quantity of the pattern G' has-been woven. ,The pattern D' is ar laterally in the manner'before described, andj! the series is again repeated,beginning'at as before. ,l

Itis evident'that 4the number of Ipatterns which may be arranged upon a single chain by either of the above methods isuiot-limite'd to two or four, but that a greater n nmbe may be employed, the size and proportions of the l parts immediately connected therewithl being varied in accordance.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Combining with hook-jacks,which are con neeted with the harness and with the meel anism for operating them to open the shed, substantially as described, a pattern chain or cylinder constructed with. two or more patterns, and -operated so that either of the patterns can be madeto act on the hookjacks to place them in therequired position to be op' :erated upon-by the mechanism-for opening the shed,'snb'stantially as described 2. In combination with a pattern-chain arranged with two or more patterns in the di-V rection of its length, the mechanism, substantially such as herein described, for changing 3. Placing two or lmore patterns upon tbe 5. Moving the rods or jacks out of Contact rods of a pattern-chain. side by side, and op vwith `the rollers on the patternehain before erating them in succession by vibrating tbe the chain is moved by means of what are chain laterally, in the manner substantially as termed the vibrating lingers, or tl;e equiveev described. A lents thereof', substantially as described.

4. Pivoting the lifling and depressing rods l GEQL-GROMPTON. G Pat one end, the other being made adjust Witnesses: y f 'n.ble, .in the manner and for the p1irpose"'set L. A. MlYNARD,

' forth.

J. E. ABBOTT.

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