USRE45678E1 - Auto-lock compact rope descent device - Google Patents
Auto-lock compact rope descent device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE45678E1 USRE45678E1 US14/625,987 US201514625987A USRE45678E US RE45678 E1 USRE45678 E1 US RE45678E1 US 201514625987 A US201514625987 A US 201514625987A US RE45678 E USRE45678 E US RE45678E
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- descent
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- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009295 sperm incapacitation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope
Definitions
- This invention relates to descent control devices, and more particularly to devices that control the descent of a person or other load supported by rope or other cable.
- the descent device market is a broad market that encompasses a wide range of devices intended to control the descent of persons or objects on a vertical rope or cable. Such devices vary significantly depending on the specific intended purpose; such purposes include providing a controlled descent of an individual by another (a belay), a solo descent in a sport environment (such as rock climbing or caving), a controlled descent for tactical or rescue purposes, or an emergency egress from a building, tower or other structure. Due to the varying purposes, descent devices range from very simple (merely a carabiner or fixed “Figure 8” with a wrap of rope) to quite complex and heavy (e.g. a lever box like a Rollgliss). Sport market devices are more often light and simple, yet they require significant training to set up and use properly.
- the force exerted perpendicular to the friction surface has traditionally been provided by curving the rope around the surface and applying “back-tension” exerted on the free end of the rope by the hand of the operator. If the friction surface is limited (such as with a carabiner discussed below), the amount of tension required to be exerted on the free end of the rope can be significant (often causing significant discomfort, if not burning of the rope in ones hand). In order to provide additional friction surface to overcome this requirement, often the rope path is long and sinuous and/or the device applies extra mechanical pressure on the rope as it passes over the surface thereby increasing the friction, and hence the control over the descent.
- cams act against the rope in order to apply such pressure; in other methods, pressure is applied by increasing the length of winding of the path (either by repeated wraps or by increasing the length of the device to extend the surface over which the rope passes).
- the geometry of the device is variable and can be adjusted by the operator by means of a handle or lever. In some devices, the geometry is designed to “auto lock” or “auto stop” the descent when the individual releases the device (such as in an accidental fall or incapacitation).
- Carabiners the most basic method of controlling one's descent is by means of wrapping a rope around a carabiner or other metal ring, either singly or in combination, using a variety of hitches or other rope arrangements.
- the control is exerted by varying the backpressure on the rope using a free hand.
- brake bars are added to a carabiner, which aids in the control.
- the method requires proper configuration of a hitch (such as the Munter hitch) and continuous handling of the rope in order to properly control the descent. If the operator fails to control the free hand, the results will be an uncontrolled descent.
- Figure 8's These are fixed cast or milled devices shaped loosely like the figure “8”. As in carabiners, the rope is varyingly threaded through the device in order to provide friction. Figure 8's are small, light and relatively inexpensive, but have the same drawbacks as carabiners in that they require proper rigging and attentive handling.
- Hooks and Horns This is a broad category of fixed devices including any shaped bar or hook over and around which ropes are snaked or wrapped in order to create friction. Again, similar to Figure 8's they are light and relatively inexpensive while requiring a level of skill to operate properly.
- Bobbins are mechanical descenders where the rope path follows an S-shaped path from bottom to top.
- the braking surface consists of two non-rotating bollards fixed to a side plate, with a second pivoting side plate provided to keep the rope from jumping off the other end of the bollards.
- a third (usually smaller) bollard may be provided.
- the attachment point for the individual usually attaches to holes in extensions of the two side plates; these holes are aligned when the side plates pivot to the closed position. Examples would be the Petzl SIMPLE or STOP (auto-stop).
- Fixed Multi-bar devices consist of an arrangement whereby the rope snakes around at least three fixed bars or bollards, often machined out a single piece of metal. An example would be the Whaletail.
- Moving Multi-Bar Devices Similar to a simple bollard, the rope snakes around at least three bollards, but the geometry is such that the bollards compress against one another thereby increasing friction. The compression is controlled by a lever or screw, thereby modulating the friction.
- An example would be the Gemini Rescue Equipment Gemlock. These devices can be quite effective although they are often large and cumbersome.
- Spools Devices where the rope wraps around a fixed drum.
- the drum axis can be horizontal or vertical. Friction is varied by varying the number of wraps.
- Lever boxes are devices with (1) a body with a complex rope channel milled, cast, or otherwise formed into it, (2) a cover plate, and (3) a lever that allows the devisr to control the descent, yet automatically stops the descent if the rappelr lets go (an auto-stop feature).
- the enclosed rope path provides some protection, although it can be a liability in heavy mud.
- Lever boxes tend to be complex, and the cost of manufacturing is accordingly high. They are also often large and heavy. Examples would be the Petzl Grigri, the Rollgliss and the RIT Rescue and Escape Systems F.I.R.E.-A.L.
- the device consists simply of two pieces: (1) a fixed bar of metal through which several holes have been drilled for passing a rope through and (2) a lever which is fitted into a center slot in the lower portion of the bar longitudinally with its handle protruding from the side.
- the combined bar and lever have one concentric hole drilled through them for additional passage of the rope.
- the lever is hinged with the bar and has an attachment point drilled at its bottom end through which a carabiner or other attachment device is threaded.
- the attachment point is offset from the hinge point and the concentric hole thereby providing torque to open the lever when the device is weighted by the rappelr.
- a rope is threaded through the bar, passing from one hole back through the next.
- the rope is threaded through the concentric hole in the bar and lever. While the rope is attached to a fixed point from which a descent is desired, the rappelr is attached to the attachment point on the lever by means of a carabiner or other hardware.
- the weight of the operator opens the lever, thereby squeezing the rope in the bottom hole between the sides of the bar and the lever in a scissors action, increasing the friction throughout the device.
- the operator can control the descent of the device. In the event that the operator fails to operate the device or is unable to do so due to incapacity, the device automatically locks off and stops the descent.
- the device consists of only two pieces (plus hinge pin) with no moving part other than the lever. There are no springs or other elements, such as covers or locking pins, to maintain and replace if worn out. This dramatically simplifies manufacture.
- the device because of its simple construction, the device is light and small. Since the rope's path is linear along the axis of the device, the device need not be much wider than the width of the rope being used. In addition, when the lever is in the squeezed position, the lever nests conveniently alongside the device, allowing the device to stow compactly in a carrying bag along with a pre-rigged rope.
- the device can be rigged in varying ways: for example, if a slower, more controlled descent is desired or if the rope being utilized is thin or flexible, the rope can be passed through all of the holes. However, if the load is lighter (e.g. a small, light firefighter) or a stiffer or thicker rope is being used, the device can be rigged without using all of the holes.
- the device may be made to perform in a wide variety of different environments and manners.
- FIG. 1a is a front view of the bar.
- FIG. 1b is a side view of the bar with a rope threaded through it.
- FIG. 2a is a front view of the lever.
- FIG. 2b is a side view of the lever.
- FIG. 3a is a front of the device in a fully open position.
- FIG. 3b is a front view of the device in a closed position.
- FIG. 4a is a front view of the device, configured in a double brake style, in a clenched closed position.
- FIG. 4b is a front view of the device, configured in a double brake style, in a fully open position.
- FIG. 4c is a front view of the device, configured in a double brake style, in an unclenched closed position.
- FIG. 5a is a front view of the device, configured with a slotted hinge hole, in a fully open position.
- FIG. 5b is a front view of the device, configured with a slotted hinge hole, in an increased friction position.
- FIG. 5c is a front view of the device, configured with a slotted hinge hole, in a closed position.
- FIG. 6a is a three dimensional perspective view of the device in a clenched position.
- FIG. 6b is a three dimensional perspective view of the device in an unclenched position.
- FIG. 7a is a front view of the device with an alternate attachment hole showing direction of force from an attached load while configured in a double brake style, in a clenched closed position.
- FIG. 7b is a front view of the device with an alternate attachment hole showing direction of force from an attached load while configured in a double brake style, in an unclenched closed position.
- Load means the individual who is rappelling with the device or other object being lowered that is attached.
- “Hinge” or “Hinge Pin” means a rod, pin, bolt or other item that acts as a pivot point and connects the bar and lever to form the device.
- Rope means a rope, cable, or other linear tension device made of any material, including metal or natural or synthetic fiber.
- the invention consists of two pieces through which a rope may be threaded and to which a containr or other load may be attached with a carabiner or other hardware.
- the pieces consist of bar 100 and lever 200 .
- Lever 200 may be fitted into slot 140 in bar 100 .
- Lever 200 and bar 100 may be pivotally connected together at one corner, for example with hinge pin 110 .
- Bar 100 and lever 200 also may be pivotally joined but oriented alternatively, such as on different planes.
- Bar 100 may contain one of more rope path holes 130 drilled through bar 100 .
- the holes are arranged in a line to simplify use and configuration of the device and avoid entanglement possibilities.
- Alternative non-linear hole alignments may be desirable to allow alternate shapes and sizes of bar 100 .
- the surface edge of each hole may be rounded such that the holes increase from a minimum diameter at a central depth in bar 100 to a maximum diameter at the surface of bar 100 . This curvature to the edging of holes 130 , coupled with the spacing of the holes, enables rope 150 to travel in a smooth approximately circular path as the rope exits and enters bar 100 when passed back and forth through holes 130 .
- the number of holes and their size may be varied depending on the weight of the load and the stiffness, surface friction characteristics, and size of the rope used in the device and the resulting performance desired.
- an additional rope control hole 120 aligned with and having a rounded edge similar to holes 130 , may be drilled. If bar 100 and lever 200 are configured in alternative alignments, rope control hole 120 also may be configured in alternative alignment so that control hole 120 aligns with a constricting mechanism of lever 200 .
- the length and width of bar 100 need only be sufficient to support the drilled holes and connecting hinge pin 110 .
- the top of bar 100 may be smoothed and curved to avoid snagging the rope during operation, and the width at the bottom of bar 100 may be minimized to accommodate hinge pin 110 . Alternate widths, lengths, and shape of bar 100 may be made to accommodate gripping the device or for any aesthetic purpose.
- slot 140 Perpendicular to hole 120 , and laterally in the center of bar 100 , slot 140 may be cut into bar 100 and may extend from the bottom of bar 100 upwards beyond hole 120 towards but not to holes 130 . Slot 140 may separate bar 100 into two exterior bars 160 , with hole 120 passing through both exterior bars. Slot 140 may be left out in order to allow operation in alternative configuration including pivot of lever 200 in a non-parallel direction.
- lever 200 may consist of a plate of thickness slightly less that the depth of slot 140 and of width slightly greater than the width of bar 100 .
- Lever 200 may nest within slot 140 with a portion of lever 200 extending outside the length of bar 100 and forming handle 230 for lever 200 .
- An additional portion of lever 200 may extend below bar 100 and enclose attachment hole 210 , to which a load may be attached by means of a carabiner or other attachment hardware.
- Constriction hole 220 may be drilled in lever 200 such that when bar 100 and lever 200 are assembled lever 200 may be rotated such that hole 220 and hole 120 are approximately concentric. Rotation of lever 200 may be enabled by hinged connection to bar 100 .
- hinge pin 110 may connect lever 200 to bar 100 to enable such rotation.
- rotation on hinge pin 110 to concentric alignment of hole 220 with hole 120 further positions lever 200 such that handle 230 may align parallel to holes 130 .
- lever 200 may be any desired thickness and width.
- rope 150 may be passed through the device in a path defined by the holes in bar 100 .
- the operator may utilize all of the holes 130 or less than all depending on the desired performance. Increasing the number of holes utilized increase friction on rope 150 during descent operation, enabling controlled descents of greater weight loads.
- the rope may be threaded through concentric holes 120 and 220 .
- the rope entering holes 130 may attach to a fixed point or otherwise be secured at the top of a descent, and the load may be attached to attachment hole 210 .
- lever 200 may pivot on hinge pin 110 , thereby causing holes 120 and 220 to diverge laterally and the resulting opening to diminish.
- lever 200 may act as a middle bar pressing rope 150 between exterior bars 160 .
- This resulting scissors action may squeeze rope 150 and increase the friction at hole 120 .
- the resulting back tension on the rope may also increase the friction at holes 130 .
- lever 200 may close a constricting mechanism on pivot, thereby increasing friction and squeezing rope 150 .
- the operator may modulate the friction in hole 120 , and thereby the total friction in the device, by squeezing handle 230 of lever 200 in varying amounts.
- the total friction may be modulated by the operator using a free hand to apply back tension on rope 150 extending out of the device from holes 120 and 220 , similar to the method used to brake a descent with many other devices.
- Operation may consist of a combination of the two methods, with one hand operating lever 200 and the other retaining control of the free end of rope 150 .
- the specific geometry of the device namely the sizes of holes 130 , 120 and 220 , and the relative locations of hinge pin 110 , holes 120 and 220 , and attachment hole 210 may be varied to create alternate embodiments providing specific characteristics for the performance of the device depending on the desired load and the characteristics of the rope being utilized.
- the device may be configured to provide an auto-stop feature whereby failure by the operator to squeeze lever 200 allows lever 200 to rotate under load until the opening between holes 120 and 220 is reduced sufficiently to cause enough friction in the device to decelerate the load to a full stop.
- This feature may be desirable in multiple situations, including, but not limited to, in emergency egress or other situations when a devisr is unable to hold onto the rope with either hand as both hands are used to maneuver the operator out of a window or other situation. In such a situation the device may automatically lock off and prevent the devisr from rapidly descending. Once out of the window or other similar situation, thechur may then squeeze lever 200 as desired to control the descent.
- An alternative method of operation of the device may be to use it as a belay device.
- the device may be inverted and attachment hole 210 may be attached to a fixed point or to the belaying operator.
- the rope exiting from holes 130 may be attached to the individual or other load being lowered.
- rope 150 may be played out through the device, thereby lowering the load.
- bar 100 may be manufactured such that three holes 130 and rope control hole 120 may each have a minimum 1 ⁇ 2′′ diameter and curve to a maximum diameter of 1′′.
- Holes 130 may be spaced in a row with one inch between centers, with the center of each hole approximately 5 ⁇ 8′′ from both edges of bar 100 .
- Hole 120 may be aligned with holes 130 and positioned with 11 ⁇ 8′′ between the center of hole 120 and the center of the lowest of the three holes 130 .
- Hinge pin 110 may be aligned with its center approximately 3 ⁇ 4′′ below the center of hole 120 and approximately 3 ⁇ 8′′ from the edge of bar 100 .
- Lever 200 may be manufactured with a maximum width of 1 11/16′′ when aligned such that constricting hole 220 is approximately concentric with hole 120 and lever 200 is connected to bar 100 by hinge pin 110 .
- Constricting hole 120 may have a 1 ⁇ 2′′ diameter.
- Attachment hole 210 may have a 5 ⁇ 8′′ diameter.
- the center of attachment hole 210 may be aligned approximately 11 ⁇ 4′′ below the center of hole 220 , and approximately 1 1/16′′ from the edge of lever 200 .
- Lever 200 may be angled below hinge pin 110 and curved around attachment hole 210 to minimize size.
- Handle 230 may extend along the length of bar 100 , with the length of handle 230 approximately 33 ⁇ 8′′ from the center of hole 220 .
- Handle 230 may have a rounded top for gripping and control purposes.
- the device may also be made with lever geometry that may, in addition to automatically stopping the descent when the operator fails to squeeze the lever (i.e. fully “open”), also stop the descent if the operator were to panic and squeezes the lever concentrically (i.e. fully “closed”).
- the holes 120 and 220 may squeeze the rope when either the handle is released, as in FIG. 4c , or when the lever is fully squeezed (such as might result in a panicked response), as in FIG. 4a .
- the rope may pass through concentric holes 120 and 220 when lever 200 is in a neutral position approximately midway between fully open and fully closed, as in FIG. 4b . This geometry allows holes 120 and 220 to diverge in either direction.
- lever 200 may be attached with variable hinge geometry by means of slotted hinge hole 500 .
- Slotted hinge hole 500 may allow lever 200 to slip linearly versus bar 100 without rotation so that even with handle 230 on lever 200 fully squeezed, holes 120 and 220 are no longer fully concentric, as shown in FIG. 5b . This would allow the amount of friction with handle 230 on lever 200 being fully squeezed to be varied, further depending on rope size and length of slotted hinge hole 500 , to provide a base level of friction. Further operation of handle 230 , as shown in FIG. 5c , such as rotating under the load attached to point 210 , may increase the friction, ultimately to the point of stopping the load.
- the operator may fully squeeze lever 200 while simultaneously pulling the device toward attachment hole 210 . This will push lever 200 back into bar 100 and fully open holes 120 and 220 to minimize friction.
- This method of operation may be useful in minimizing friction in the device in situations such as, but not limited to, a horizontal egress situation prior to exiting a building vertically.
- attachment hole 710 may be configured as an elongated hole or in alternative shapes so that the direction of force applied by an attached load may shift as lever 200 is opened or closed. Such shifting may allow the force to assist fully closing or fully opening lever 200 , or otherwise affect ease of controlling lever 200 .
- connection between bar 100 and lever 200 may be non-pivotal, such as engaging a constriction mechanism when slid together or pulled apart.
- the device may be made of materials such that, when assembled, it may withstand loads in excess of 13.5 kilonewtons. Production to withstand lesser force may also be done to create the device for use in non-emergency lesser load situations.
- NFPA National Fire Protection Association
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- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/625,987 USRE45678E1 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2015-02-19 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US16247209P | 2009-03-23 | 2009-03-23 | |
US12/637,052 US8376081B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2009-12-14 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
US14/625,987 USRE45678E1 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2015-02-19 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/637,052 Reissue US8376081B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2009-12-14 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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USRE45678E1 true USRE45678E1 (en) | 2015-09-29 |
Family
ID=42736528
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/637,052 Ceased US8376081B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2009-12-14 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
US13/722,321 Active US8616333B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2012-12-20 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
US14/625,987 Active 2030-06-29 USRE45678E1 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2015-02-19 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/637,052 Ceased US8376081B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2009-12-14 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
US13/722,321 Active US8616333B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2012-12-20 | Auto-lock compact rope descent device |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (3) | US8376081B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2411096A4 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2793938C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010110963A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8925680B2 (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2015-01-06 | Brian Christopher Herrli | Rappelling apparatus and method |
US9119978B1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2015-09-01 | Carroll C. Bassett | Safety lowering device |
DE102012207223B3 (en) * | 2012-04-30 | 2013-09-26 | Bornack Gmbh & Co. Kg | safety device |
US9623269B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-04-18 | Black Diamond Equipment, Ltd. | Systems for assisted braking belay with a cam-clutch mechanism |
CN103505825A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-01-15 | 俞关清 | High-rise lifesaving descent control device |
CN103893924B (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2016-05-11 | 黄河科技学院 | High-rise building rapidly descending escape system |
CN105079990A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-25 | 步兵 | Adjustable descending device |
USD809901S1 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-02-13 | Sterling Rope Company, Inc. | Descent device |
CN108144202B (en) * | 2018-03-04 | 2023-06-02 | 山东倚慧智能科技有限公司 | Building emergency escape device |
US10960252B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2021-03-30 | Zipholdings, Llc | Climbing-wall and pendulum-fall, swing apparatus and method |
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US1114392A (en) * | 1913-12-13 | 1914-10-20 | Joseph A Stuart | Fire-escape. |
JPS50127298U (en) * | 1974-04-01 | 1975-10-18 | ||
RU2177818C1 (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2002-01-10 | Козлов Виктор Алексеевич | Descending apparatus |
US6814185B1 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2004-11-09 | Meyer Ostrobrod | Descent controller with safety brake |
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2009
- 2009-12-14 US US12/637,052 patent/US8376081B2/en not_active Ceased
-
2010
- 2010-02-17 WO PCT/US2010/024445 patent/WO2010110963A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-02-17 CA CA2793938A patent/CA2793938C/en active Active
- 2010-02-17 EP EP10756531.9A patent/EP2411096A4/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-12-20 US US13/722,321 patent/US8616333B2/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-02-19 US US14/625,987 patent/USRE45678E1/en active Active
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US524841A (en) * | 1894-08-21 | Car-fender | ||
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2411096A4 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
EP2411096A1 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
US8616333B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
CA2793938A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
US8376081B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 |
US20130112511A1 (en) | 2013-05-09 |
CA2793938C (en) | 2016-07-26 |
US20100236863A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
WO2010110963A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
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