USRE32109E - Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure - Google Patents
Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE32109E USRE32109E US06/542,997 US54299783A USRE32109E US RE32109 E USRE32109 E US RE32109E US 54299783 A US54299783 A US 54299783A US RE32109 E USRE32109 E US RE32109E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- container
- treatment
- finish
- chemical agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
- B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3656—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a layer of a multilayer part to be joined, e.g. for joining plastic-metal laminates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
- B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3676—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
- B29C65/368—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/114—Single butt joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
- B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
- B29C66/2422—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical
- B29C66/24221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical being circular
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
- B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
- B29C66/7465—Glass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
- B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
- B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67B—APPLYING CLOSURE MEMBERS TO BOTTLES JARS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; OPENING CLOSED CONTAINERS
- B67B5/00—Applying protective or decorative covers to closures; Devices for securing bottle closures with wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
- B29C66/026—Chemical pre-treatments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2705/02—Aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/56—Stoppers or lids for bottles, jars, or the like, e.g. closures
- B29L2031/565—Stoppers or lids for bottles, jars, or the like, e.g. closures for containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7158—Bottles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0006—Upper closure
- B65D2251/0015—Upper closure of the 41-type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
- B65D2251/0093—Membrane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
- C03C2218/31—Pre-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
- C03C2218/355—Temporary coating
Definitions
- This invention relates to the preparation of glass containers for thermoplastic membrane sealing.
- Heat activated membrane seals for plastic containers are common in the packaging and canning art.
- a membrane which may be a laminate of aluminum foil and a thermoplastic polymer, is pressed on the rim of a plastic container and heated to form polymer-polymer adhesive contact.
- the problem with this method when used with soda-lime-silica glass containers is that the failure of the seal will generally occur within a few days of sealing due to poor initial adhesion between the glass and the polymer or poor durability of the adhesion.
- Substantially improved adhesion between a membrane seal and a container finish is obtained by subjecting the finish to a high temperature treatment which modifies the finish surface.
- This high temperature treatment preferably is conducted immediately after the containers are formed and comprises contacting the finish with a decomposible fluorine-containing compound; a compound which decomposes to form a metal oxide; a compound which decomposes to form a sulfur oxide; sulfur oxides; and combinations of the above.
- These treating materials may be used in any order or combination, or the metal oxide precursor may be used alone.
- a sealing closure for the container is formed by pressing a membrane comprising a thermoplastic film onto the container finish and heating to form a glass/plastic adhesive bond.
- the membrane desirably may be an aluminum foil-thermoplastic film laminate. It may also be a polymer sheet, a laminate of polymer, a paper/polymer laminate or a laminate of one or more layers of polymers, metal foil, and paper.
- a glass container is first subjected to a hot end treatment in which the finish, or sealing surface, is modified by a tin or titanium oxide treatment so as to enhance its adhesion to a thermoplastic closure.
- the container is then annealed and the exterior surface of the container is coated with a lubricity enhancing material which increases the abrasion and scratch resistance of the glass.
- Contamination of the container finish by the lubricity enhancing material is removed by subjecting only the finish to a brief heat treatment at a temperature below which flame polishing, or surface melting, of the glass occurs.
- a chromium (III) organic metallic complex is then coated on the finish.
- a closure seal is formed by pressing a membrane comprising a thermoplastic film over the container finish and heating to form a glass-plastic adhesive bond.
- a further object of this invention is to remove contaminating materials from the surface-modified finish of a glass container and to obtain reliable adhesion to a thermoplastic closure.
- An additional object of the invention is to provide glass containers with durable seals having long term integrity to enable the commercial packaging of liquid product in said containers.
- a specific object of this invention is to treat the finish of a glass container with a tin or titanium compound to form a tin or titanium oxide coating, to remove any contaminating material from said coating, and to coat the finish with a chromium (III) organic metallic complex so as to obtain reliable adhesion to a thermoplastic closure.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic flow sheet showing the steps to prepare a glass container for use in this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partial view--in section of the upper portion of a glass container showing the mode of attaching a metal foil--thermoplastic film membrane to the container sealing surface.
- the invention comprises the preparation of a glass container for use with a seal comprising a membrane closure as an alternative to, or in combination with, the conventional screw cap for glass containers.
- a membrane comprising a thermoplastic polymer is heat sealed to the sealing surface of the glass container. Heat sealing may be accomplished by pressing the membrane to the glass at a temperature near or above the softening point of the thermoplastic but below its melting point as by use of a heated platen.
- the membrane may be covered by a plastic or metal snap-on or screw-on cap prior to or subsequent to sealing.
- the membrane desirably may be metal foil-thermoplastic polymer laminate, which allows induction or conduction heating of the laminate.
- Treating glass surfaces with sulfur oxides or decomposable fluorine compounds and treatment with sulfur and fluorine compounds are well known. These are shown, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,249,246. Additionally, treatment of glass substrates with chromium organic compounds for the purpose of improving bonding of the glass surface with organic polymers is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,900,689.
- FIG. 1 there is shown the sequential steps required for preparing a glass container for use in this invention.
- a glass container or jar 1 is formed in the mold 11 of a forming machine at a high temperature, normally about 1000 to 2000 degrees F., as is conventional.
- the containers 1 are carried on conveyor 12 to the hot end treater 13 wherein the container finish is subjected to a chemical treatment which renders the finish surface durably bondable to a thermoplastic membrane.
- the containers 1 are conveyed immediately from the forming mold 11 to the hot end treater 13, they have cooled considerably at this point and display a temperature generally in the range of about 800 degrees to about 1200 degrees F. While at this temperature, the sealing surface or finish of the containers is contacted with a material or materials which act upon and modify the surface properties of the glass. These materials include generally (1) certain fluorine containing compounds, and/or sulfur oxides and/or sulfur oxide precursors with (2) tin or titanium compounds which decompose to form metal oxides and the treatment temperatures.
- the fluorine compounds comprise generally these which decompose upon heating to treatment temperatures, i.e., from 800 degrees to about 1200 degrees F., and include specifically the alkyl fluorides as, for example, 1,1-difluoroethane; ammonium fluorides including NH 4 F and NH 4 HF 2 ; metal fluorides such as SnF 4 , BF 3 , AlF 3 , and the like; and metallo-organic fluorides such as NH 4 SnF 3 and (CH 3 ) 2 SnF 2 .
- Sulfur compounds useful in this invention include sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and sulfur compounds, e.g., ammonium persulfate, which decompose to sulfur oxides at treatment temperatures.
- Metal compounds employed are those which thermally decompose to form metal oxides and preferably comprise tin or titanium chlorides.
- Hot end treatment is accomplished by impinging the treating material, either as a liquid or gas stream, upon the finish surface.
- the treating material may be fed as a gas, along with a fuel such as natural gas, to a burner and the burner flame directed to play on the finish surface.
- Treatment time required is short, on the order of a few seconds, but extended treatment times do not detract from results obtained.
- One preferred hot end treatment comprises contacting the finish surface with both a fluorine containing compound and a metal oxide precursor such as tin tetrachloride.
- a fluorine containing compound and a metal oxide precursor such as tin tetrachloride.
- the order of contact makes no significant difference in the results obtained with either the fluoride compound or the metal oxide precursor being applied first.
- the two treating materials may also be simultaneously applied.
- the containers are passed through lehr 14, which may be of the tunnel type, where they are slowly annealed.
- Containers exit from the lehr at a relatively cool temperature, on the order of 100 degrees to 300 degrees F., and are next passed to cold end treater 15.
- the exterior surfaces of the containers are given a thin coating of a conventional lubricity enhancing material which typically may be an organic polymer such as for example polyethylene, a stearate, e.g., polyoxyethylene monostearate, a silicone compound or the like.
- Purpose of the cold end treatment is to increase resistance of the containers to abrasion, scratching and bursting by rubbing contact during the high speed handling of the containers during subsequent filling, capping, labelling and packaging operations.
- containers which have been subjected to a cold end treatment which leaves at least a residue of lubricity enhancing agent on the finish surface are further treated to remove that agent from the finish without affecting the thermoplastic-glass bonding properties imparted by the hot end treatment.
- the heat source may be a gas burner, a laser or any other narrowly directed but intense source of heat.
- Exposure time is ordinarily less than five seconds and typically is on the order of one to three seconds.
- surface temperature of the finish must not reach flame polishing temperatures else the effect of the hot end treatment is destroyed. It is also important to avoid heating of the container side walls as that would destroy the effect of the cold end treatment on those surfaces.
- Surface temperature of the finish immediately after exposure to heat source 16 typically is on the order of 250 degrees to 350 degrees F. but it is postulated that higher surface temperatures were reached during the exposure to the heat source.
- heat source 16 is directed at the container finish from above at about a 45 degree angle as is shown in the drawing. The container is then rotated to expose equally all of the finish surface to the heat source.
- chromium (III) organic metallic complex is spread over the surface by any suitable means, such as roller 17.
- suitable chromium complexes are those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,787,326 and 3,900,689, available from du Pont under the trade name Volan.
- One such compound specifically found useful is the coordination complex of chromium (III) and fumeric acid, described in Example 2 of U.S. Pat. No. 3,878,326.
- Substituted fumaric trans acids may be employed as well, as shown in this patent. Such trans acids have the formula ##STR1## R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and maybe H, alkyl, --CH 2 COOH or phenyl; provided that the total number of carbon atoms is in the range of 4 to 10.
- a laminate of aluminum foil 3 and thermoplastic film 2 is placed on the rim of jar 1 with the thermoplastic film 2 contacting the glass rim, a plastic snap cover 4 is placed over the jar mouth as shown, to force the laminate in contact with the rim.
- a resilient pad 5, is placed over the snap cover and a water-cooled induction heating coil 7, in a chuck or holder 6 of insulating material is placed over pad 5. Thereafter high frequency alternating current is passed through the induction coil to heat aluminum foil 3 and cause the thermoplastic film 2 to bond to the glass rim along sealing surface 8.
- the process for improving the stability of the glass/polymer bond is equally applicable to glass containers more generally, e.g., containers taken from storage.
- Those containers having a lubricious coating are treated to remove contaminants from the sealing surface, as by heating.
- the containers in a manner similar to that described above, are coated with a chemical agent comprising tin and/or titanium oxide precursors, with or without fluorine and/or sulfur oxide and sulfur oxide precursors to form the metal oxide coating. Thereafter the surface is coated with a chromium (III) organic metallic complex.
- Ten-ounce capacity round glass jars were sealed without treatment of the sealing surface.
- the jars were sealed with a Surlyn laminated foil using an induction heater, at a pressure of 200 psi.
- Surlyn is a product available from du Pont comprising ionomers based on Na or Zn salts of ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymers.
- the duration of the induction heating is adjusted in order that the radius of the ring of thermoplastic softening is approximately half of the radius of the entire closure.
- the induction field heats from the outer radius first, leaving a ring of melted thermoplastic. Thereafter, the sealed jars were tested for seal durability.
- the test used for determining seal durability consisted of sealing jars containing small amounts of water and thereafter, allowing the jars to remain at ambient temperature and humidity in an inverted position.
- the evaluation of the state of the seals was performed twice weekly according to the following procedure; the sealed jars were placed in a vacuum chamber and subjected to a vacuum of 7 inches of mercury for a duration of 15 seconds. The survivors were thereafter returned to ambient testing conditions.
- Containers were treated with tin tetrachloride vapors during their manufacture according to normal production procedures.
- the containers chosen for testing had a tin oxide layer on the sidewalls of a thickness between 20 and 40 coating thickness units. Such units are standard units for the measurement of the depth of the tin oxide layer and are equal to about 0.8 angstroms.
- the containers were sealed and tested as previously described in Example 1.
- Example 1 Nine untreated jars identical to those tested in Example 1 were chosen for the following treatment. Each jar was rotated under an air, natural gas torch, the burner flame playing on the rim of the jar for 15 seconds. Immediately, thereafter, chromium III fumerate (Volan) was dabbed uniformly onto the sealing surface. Thereafter, the jaw was cooled, sealed, and tested as described in Example 1.
- chromium III fumerate Volan
- Example 2 Ten tin tetrachloride treated samples prepared as described in Example 2 were treated with Volan as described in Example 3. Thereafter, the jars were sealed and tested as described in Example 1.
- the improved jar top closure of the present invention has significant advantages over the conventional closures now employed, e.g., plastic or metal screw-on caps.
- Good durable seals are produced for many liquid products, such as salad dressing, honey, syrups, ketchup and spaghetti sauce. Since the membrane seal must be broken to remove the contents, the container is tamper evident.
- the snap-cap and foil plastic seal system is economical and results in considerable savings over conventional sealing systems. Since the sealing membrane is flexible and is in adhesive contact with the container at its rim portion, the container opening may have a large number of shapes. For example, it may be oval, square, have a pour spout, etc.
- Elimination of the necessity for screw threads enables the use of containers having more aesthetic designs, which can be employed for other purposes such as vases, etc. after they are emptied.
- the membrane closure eliminates any torque problems due to the sticking of a screw cap, and avoids rusting and corrosion difficulties.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
TABLE I ______________________________________ Vacuum Evaluation, Number of Survivors Number of Failures Days After Sealing of the Evaluation of the Evaluation ______________________________________ 3 0 6 ______________________________________
TABLE II ______________________________________ Number of Number of Vacuum Evaluation, Survivors of Failures of Days After Sealing the Evaluation the Evaluation ______________________________________ RUN 1 5 10 0 8 10 0 11 10 0 15 8 2 19 7 1 22 5 2 25 4 1 29 4 0 32 3 1 36 1 2 39 1 0 43 0 1RUN 2 4 10 0 7 10 0 10 10 0 14 9 1 18 9 0 21 7 2 24 5 2 28 4 1 31 3 1 35 1 2 38 0 1 RUN 3 4 10 0 8 6 4 11 6 0 19 4 2 25 3 1 29 3 0 32 2 1 36 1 1 39 0 1RUN 4 4 10 0 7 9 1 11 9 0 15 7 2 18 6 1 21 5 1 24 2 3 27 2 0 31 1 1 34 1 0 38 1 0 41 0 1 ______________________________________
TABLE III ______________________________________ Number of Number of Vacuum Evaluation, Survivors of Failures of Days After Sealing the Evaluation the Evaluation ______________________________________ 4 6 3 8 4 2 11 0 4 ______________________________________
TABLE IV ______________________________________ Number of Number of Vacuum Evaluation, Survivors of Failures of Days After Sealing the Evaluation the Evaluation ______________________________________ 3 10 0 6 10 0 10 10 0 13 10 0 16 10 0 20 9 1 23 9 0 26 9 0 29 9 0 33 8 1 37 8 0 40 8 0 43 8 0 47 8 0 52 7 1 54 6 1 57 6 0 61 6 0 65 5 1 68 5 0 73 3 2 0 80 2 1 83 2 0 91 2 0 97 2 0 101 2 0 104 2 0 108 2 0 111 2 0 118 2 0 126 2 0 132 2 0 136 2 0 141 2 0 143 1 1 146 1 0 150 1 0 153 0 1 ______________________________________
Claims (32)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/542,997 USRE32109E (en) | 1979-10-19 | 1983-10-18 | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/086,398 US4260438A (en) | 1979-10-19 | 1979-10-19 | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
US06/233,056 US4324601A (en) | 1979-10-19 | 1981-02-10 | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
US06/339,340 US4389266A (en) | 1981-02-10 | 1982-01-15 | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
US06/542,997 USRE32109E (en) | 1979-10-19 | 1983-10-18 | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/233,056 Continuation-In-Part US4324601A (en) | 1979-10-19 | 1981-02-10 | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
US06/339,340 Reissue US4389266A (en) | 1979-10-19 | 1982-01-15 | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USRE32109E true USRE32109E (en) | 1986-04-15 |
Family
ID=27492039
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/542,997 Expired - Lifetime USRE32109E (en) | 1979-10-19 | 1983-10-18 | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USRE32109E (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2616144A1 (en) * | 1987-06-02 | 1988-12-09 | Saint Gobain Emballage | DEIONIZATION OF THE BEARING OF GLASS CONTAINERS |
US20080296198A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2008-12-04 | Thierry Chamorot | Capped Ampoule to Be Filled With A Liquid By Vacuum and Corresponding Production Method |
US9162780B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2015-10-20 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Preparing a sealing surface of a container |
Citations (8)
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US3249246A (en) * | 1964-10-07 | 1966-05-03 | Ball Brothers Co Inc | Treatment of newly formed glass articles |
GB1270523A (en) * | 1968-06-19 | 1972-04-12 | United Glass Ltd | Treatment of glass containers |
US3787326A (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1974-01-22 | Du Pont | Chromium (iii) compositions and their preparation |
US3827871A (en) * | 1971-11-23 | 1974-08-06 | United Glass Ltd | Coating process for glass containers |
US3900689A (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1975-08-19 | Du Pont | Substrates treated with chromium(iii) complexes to increase the adhesion of organic polymers thereto |
US3926604A (en) * | 1974-02-19 | 1975-12-16 | Glass Container Manufacturers | Method for applying an inorganic titanium coating to a glass surface |
US4260438A (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1981-04-07 | Brockway Glass Company, Inc. | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
US4324601A (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1982-04-13 | Brockway Glass Company, Inc. | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
-
1983
- 1983-10-18 US US06/542,997 patent/USRE32109E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3249246A (en) * | 1964-10-07 | 1966-05-03 | Ball Brothers Co Inc | Treatment of newly formed glass articles |
GB1270523A (en) * | 1968-06-19 | 1972-04-12 | United Glass Ltd | Treatment of glass containers |
US3787326A (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1974-01-22 | Du Pont | Chromium (iii) compositions and their preparation |
US3900689A (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1975-08-19 | Du Pont | Substrates treated with chromium(iii) complexes to increase the adhesion of organic polymers thereto |
US3827871A (en) * | 1971-11-23 | 1974-08-06 | United Glass Ltd | Coating process for glass containers |
US3926604A (en) * | 1974-02-19 | 1975-12-16 | Glass Container Manufacturers | Method for applying an inorganic titanium coating to a glass surface |
US4260438A (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1981-04-07 | Brockway Glass Company, Inc. | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
US4324601A (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1982-04-13 | Brockway Glass Company, Inc. | Preparation of glass container for thermoplastic closure |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Advances in Chemistry Series, "Chromium Complexes", F. B. Hauserman, 1957, pp. 338-355. |
Advances in Chemistry Series, Chromium Complexes , F. B. Hauserman, 1957, pp. 338 355. * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2616144A1 (en) * | 1987-06-02 | 1988-12-09 | Saint Gobain Emballage | DEIONIZATION OF THE BEARING OF GLASS CONTAINERS |
US20080296198A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2008-12-04 | Thierry Chamorot | Capped Ampoule to Be Filled With A Liquid By Vacuum and Corresponding Production Method |
US9162780B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2015-10-20 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Preparing a sealing surface of a container |
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