USRE25883E - Gold plating - Google Patents
Gold plating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE25883E USRE25883E US25883DE USRE25883E US RE25883 E USRE25883 E US RE25883E US 25883D E US25883D E US 25883DE US RE25883 E USRE25883 E US RE25883E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gold
- bath
- hydrazine
- added
- cyanide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/48—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of gold
Definitions
- This invention relates to the deposition of gold and is especially related to the deposition of pure, 24-carat gold.
- the process and composition [is] are especially related to the electrodeposition of pure gold, it has also been found advantageous in the deposition of alloy gold, 10 to 24 carat gold, for example, and the bath can contain up to about [18] 60 g./l. of a base metal ion.
- the present invention is based on the discovery that deposits from such an acid solution can be greatly improved by the addition of small amounts, of hydrazine and substituted hydrazines and salts of hydrazine and substituted hydrazine.
- the deposits become semi-bright to almost bright, are extremely smooth and particularly receptive to soldering and gold alloy die attachment operations.
- the pH range of operation of the bath can be extended to from 2.5 to 7.0.
- R is selected from the group of hydrogen, an alkyl of 6 carbon atoms or less and an aryl group containing up to 6 carbon atoms.
- X may be R, o N i -Nu,
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are photomicrographs of a cross section of basis metal with a gold plating thereon.
- the metal to be alloyed with the gold may be, for example, arsenic,
- cobalt cobalt, chromium, iron, tin, nickel, antimony, manganese, etc., and is added in a form of soluble salt or complex which provides the metal in the cathode film in a form, probably ionic, such that it will codeposit with the gold.
- alloy gold a primary advantage of the addition is in reducing stress in the deposit.
- EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2 To a bath as described in Example 1, absent the hydrazine sulfate, was added 5 g./l. of methyl hydrazine. Excellent deposits were obtained, see FIGURE 2, at 0.2 amp/dmf EXAMPLE 3 1,1-dimethyl hydrazine, 5 g./1., was substituted for the methyl hydrazine of Example 2. Again, excellent, sound, semi-bright deposits were obtained at 0.2 amp/ dm.
- EXAMPLE 4 A bath was made up containing g./l. of citric acid, 135 g./l. of potassium citrate and 8 g./l. of gold as potassium gold cyanide. The pH was 4.2. To this standard bath was added 5 g./l. of hydroxyl amine hydrochloride. At C. and 0.2 amp/dm. a yellow, sound deposit was obtained, 3.068 g. depositing in 4 hours at 0.2 amp/dmF.
- EXAMPLE 5 To the standard bath used in Example 3 was added 5 g./l. of phenylhydrazine. The deposit obtained was yellow in color and sound, appearing better than similar deposits from the acid gold bath absent the phenyl- 3 hydrazine. Some precipitation was noted in the bath. In 3%. hours, 2.342 g. of gold were deposited at 0.2 amp/drnP.
- EXAMPLE 6 To the standard bath as disclosed in Example 3 was added 10 g./l. of urea. The deposit obtained was sound and the efficiency was 120 mg./ampere minute.
- EXAMPLE 7 A bath was made up containing 50 g./l. of potassium citrate, 10 g./l. of citric acid and 8 g. of gold as potassium gold cyanide. The pH adjusted to 4.2. bath was added 6 g./l. of hydrazine sulfate and 60 g.. l. of nickel as nickel citrate. Excellent stress-free deposits were obtained to a thickness of 20 microns at 1.0 a./dm. Without the hydrazine sulfate stress was much greater.
- EXAMPLE 8 The process was conducted as in Example 7 but 0.06 g./l. of arsenic added as arsenic citrate was substituted for the nickel. density of 1.0 a./dm. and excellent stress-free deposits were obtained.
- EXAMPLE 9 The process was conducted as in Example 7 except that 0.5 g./l. of cobalt added as cobalt sulfate was substituted for the nickel of Example 7. The bath was operated at a current density of -10 amperes per square decimeter. Excellent low stress deposits were obtained with the stress being lower at 10 a./drn.
- An aqueous acid gold plating bath containing about 10-200 g./l. of a salt of a weak, stable organic acid,
- R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group of up to 6 carbon atoms,
- a process for electrodepositing gold which comprises elcctrolyzing a solution consisting of about 10 to 200 g./l. of the salt of a weak, stable organic acid, about 4 to 16 g./l. of gold added as an alkali gold cyanide and, about /2 to 20 g./l. of a compound having the formula wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group of up to 6 carbon atoms, and an aryl group of up to 6 carbon atoms, and where X is selected from the group consisting of and OH, where R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group of up to 6 carbon atoms and an aryl group of up to 6 carbon atoms,
- said bath being adjusted to a pH of 2.5 to 7.0.
- An aqueous acid gold plating bath containing about 10-200 g./l. of a salt of a weak, stable organic acid,
- said bath being adjusted to a pH of 2.5 to 7.0.
- An aqueous acid gold plating bath containing about 10-200 g./l. of a salt of a weak, stable organic acid,
- said bath being adjusted to a pH of 2.5 to 7.0.
- An aqueous acid gold plating bath containing about 10-200 g./l. of a salt of a weak, stable organic acid,
- said bath being adjusted to a pH of 2.5 to 7.0.
- alkyl hydrazine containing up to six carbons in the alkyl group
- said bath being adjusted to a pH of 2.5 to 7.0.
- An aqueous acid gold plating bath containing about 10-200 g./l. of a salt of a weak, stable organic acid,
- said bath being adjusted to a pH of 2.5 to 7.0.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10692461A | 1961-05-01 | 1961-05-01 | |
US244204A US3156634A (en) | 1962-12-12 | 1962-12-12 | Gold plating |
US45660765A | 1965-05-12 | 1965-05-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USRE25883E true USRE25883E (en) | 1965-10-19 |
Family
ID=27380221
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US25883D Expired USRE25883E (en) | 1961-05-01 | Gold plating |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USRE25883E (en) |
-
0
- US US25883D patent/USRE25883E/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:OXY METAL FINISHING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003967/0084 Effective date: 19741220 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP. Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004075/0885 Effective date: 19801222 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:HOOKER CHEMICAS & PLASTICS CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004126/0054 Effective date: 19820330 |