USRE19865E - Hose coupling - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 25, 1936.

J. P. EASTMAN HOSE COUPLING Original Filed Sept. 24, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 25, 1936. J. P. EASTMAN HOSE COUPLING Original Filed Sept. 24, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jwventop yaw 3f JkJ/mafi Feb. 25, 1936. J EASTMAN Re. 19,865

HOSE COUPLING Original Filed Sept. 24, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 gwuwntoz Reissues] Feb. 25, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE her 24. for reissue May 23, 1935, Serial No. 28,133

17 Claims. (Cl. 285-84) This invention relates to hose clamps or connections and to themethod of clamping the end of a hose.

Objects of this invention are to provide a connection for a how which will not blow oil, even imder high pressure, and which will not permit 1.

Further objects are to provide a connection which secures two grips upon the end of the hose, one grip engaging the strongest portion of the hose, and the other grip the outer portion of the hose.

More specifically, objects of this invention are to provide a novel means of securing a connection to the end of a hose provided with a wire shell, forming an internal reinforcement, in such a manner that the connection grips the wire shell as well as the hose body and thus secures the utmost strength of grip. thereby permitting the hose to be used safely with very high internal pressures without danger of blowing oil the connection or of causing a leak to form adjacent the connection.

Further objects are to provide a novel method of seeming a connection to the end of a hose provided with a reinforcing shell, such method contemplating not only gripping the hose body but also providing a way of gripping the reinforcing shell, and further providing a meansfor forming an internal neck ring which tightly grips the reinforcing shell of the hose.

Further objects are to provide a novel way of preparing the end of a hose having an intermediate reinforcing shell so that the reinforcing shell may be engaged by a surroimding fitting placed over the end of the hose.

Further objects are to provide a novel form of hose connection and a method of forming the same which, when applied, has an internal neck ring formed by the connection and produced by forcing the connection endwise through a die.

A further object is to provide a hose connection which has a flare, taper. or enlargement intermediateitsendswhichmaybeexternalorintemal or both. and which when the connection is appliedtoahoseand clampedinplace, maybe utilized to form an internal ring or neck ring.

Further objects are to provide a hose connection which has an upper flare which provides a construction that avoids any danger of breaking or shearing during contraction, and permits the contraction to extend upwardly as close to the end of the coupling as desired.

Further objects are to provide a hose connectionthatissoconstructedtbattheexcessmaterialofthehoseisallowedtoescape,andwhich will compensate for any slight differences that; may exist during manufacture.

Embodimentsof the invention are shown in the ace drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view showing the connection and prepared hose about to be assembled, such view showing the connection partly in section.

FlgureZisaviewcorrespondingtoFlgurei showing the hose led within the connection and showing the parts in position to! pressed through the die.

Flgure3isaviewcorrespondingtol 'lgure2 showing the parts after contraction with the connection still in the die.

mgure'iisaviewcorrespondingtol 'lgurel showing a further form of the invention, such view showing the connection in section and the prepared hose about to be assembled on the connection.

Figure5isaviewcorrespondingtoFlgure4 showing the connection contracted with the parts still within the die.

Figurecisaviewoi'afurtherform showinga difl'erent type of connection and a diii'erent type of hose which may be used therewith.

Figure 7 shows the form of Figure 6 after contraction and while the parts are still in the die.

FigureBisaview ofastillfurtherform of connectionshowingthehoseabouttobeassembled thereon.

Flgure9isaviewcorrespondingtollgure8 showing the parts after contraction and while the connection is still within the die.

Inthedescription andinthefclaimsthedifferent parts of the connectlouwill be referred toastheumenmiddleandlowerparts. The drawingsshow the connectionin avertical positiontocorrupondtothis,butitis to be distinctly understood that this terminology is used solely to secure and precision indeflningtheparmasitisobviousthatthe connectionisusedinhorisontaLverticaLorinverted positions.

Referrlngtol'lguresl,2.and3,itwillbeseen that the comprises a metal sleeve or memberwhichhasaheadorbodyporflonl which may be provided with male or female portionaafemalethreadedportionibeingshown bywayoflllustratlon. Thebodyportionlis preferablyofadiameterindicatedbythereferencecharscterAinFlgln'el. 'Ihisbody-portionlwillbereferredtoastheupperporflon. 'Iheconnectionextendsdownwardlysndisbored outtosdiameterindicatedbythereferencecharacter B and is provided with right hand threads. Thisthreadedupperboreisindicatedbythe reference character I.

The connection is provided with a lower bore 4 which is provided preferably with left hand threads and is of a diameter indicated by the referencecharacterCinFigurei. Thelower bore,itwillbenotedfroml"lgurel,isofa larger diameter than the upper bore 8. The two bores are joined by a conical portion or internal flare I.

The outer portion of the connection is provided with an intermediate or mid-flare 0. It is tobenotedthattheconicalinnerboretandthe outer tapered portion are not parallel, as shown in the form illustrated in Figures 1 and 3, although it is obvious that they could be made parallel without departing from the invention in its broadest aspects. However, it is preferable to form them as indicated in Figure 1, so that a somewhat triangular cross section of metal is provided at this point. The lower portion of the connection is provided with a cylindrical outer surface I, as may be most clearly seen in Figures 1 and 2.

The connection is provided with a tubular central insert 0 which is preferably screw threaded into the upper portion or body portion, as shown. This tubular insert may be approximately or slightly greater than the internal diameter of the hose The hose 9 is preferably of the high pressure type and preferably is provided with a woven outer covering indicated at it in Figure 1. It is also provided with a braidedwire reinforcing portion II, which is most clearly shown in the sectionalportionsofthehoseinFiguresland 3. In the construction of these hoses, a rubber body portion II encloses the reinforcing metallic braided wires II, as shown in Figure 3. and the cotton or other outer fabric covering completely surrounds the body portion of the hose.

In practicing this invention, the hose is stepped or, in other words, provided with a reduced end is, cylindrical in contour and of a material length. It is preferable to provide a tapered or conical or beveled portion it which Joins the two cylindricalportionsland llofthehose.

One way in which the stepped end of the hose may be formed is as foliows:-The end of the hoseisplaceduponamandrelandisground down to form the cylindrical reduced portion or stepped portion II and the beveled or conical portion It. This method of forming the end of the hose has been found to provide the utmost accuracy in properly shaping the hose. It is to be noted from Figure 1 that the external diameter of the portion I3 is slightly greater than the bore B and that a small film of rubber is left over the braided reinforcing wires II. It is also to be noted that the fabric covering or other reinforcing outer covering lil extends up to the edge of the beveled portion ll.

It is, of course, within the province of this invention to provide additional reinforcing means in the hose, for instance, cotton braiding may supplement the wire braiding ii, if desired. Itis, of course, within the province of this invention to omit the fabric outer covering IO, if desired.

After the hose has been prepared, as described above, it is next assembled, as shown in Figure 2, by forcing the hose into the connection. It

is preferable to provide a clamp, not shown, for the hole so as-to aid in its rotation as it fits tightly within the upper bore I of the connection. It is actually screwed into place imtil it occupies the position shown in Figure 2. It is to be noted that the lower bore 4, which is provided with threads reversely arranged to the threads of the upper bore, is of such a diameter, as indicated by the reference character C, that it is greater than the outer diameter A of the hose, and consequently the hose does not touch the threads of the lower bore 4 during this assembling or inserting of the hose.

The diameter D of the die is indicated in both Figures 1 and 2, and it will be seen that such diameter is greater than the diameter of the upper end of the fitting or connection.

After the parts are assembled, as indicated in Figure 2, the hose is passed through the die I5, see Figure 2, with the lower end of the connection engaging the slanting portion or conical portion it of the die. The lower portion of the die is cylindrical as indicated at II. This die may be a split die or a one-piece die, as desired, or as found most expedient.

When the parts are in the position shown in Figure 2, the connection is forced downwardly through the die. The parts may be pressed or forced completely through the die, if desired, and this is the preferred practice, that is to say, forcing them completely through the die.

From Figure 3 it will be seen that the upper end or body portion I of the connection is not contracted in this form of the invention, and also, it will be seen that this portion clears the die.

During the contracting operation the triangular portion formed betweenthe conical inner bore 5 and the conical outer surface 6 moves inwardly and forms an inwardly extending ring or neck ring, as indicated at It, which forms a contracted portion internally of the connection.

other similar material, it securely anchors this outer sheath of the 'hose and thus, by gripping the outer covering. prevents the likelihood of the breaking of the hose at this point.

However, it is to be noted particularly that by means of this invention the reinforcing braided wires are firmly engaged by the coupling, and as these wires furnish the major strength of the hose, it is apparent that the maximum grip upon the flrmest portion of the hwe is secured by this construction.

It is to be noted, also, thatv the contraction starts at the lower end of the connection and thus prevents the flowing of the rubber outwardly from the connection.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 4 and 5, the same inventive idea is followed. However, in-this form of the invention the connection comprises an upper or body portion l9 which is of slightly less diameter than the intermediate, cylindrical portion 20. Preferably these parts are connected by a slight bevel 2|, as shown. The lower portion of the connection is provided with an enlarged cylindrical partorlowermember22,andabeveledoreonicalsurfaceliioinsthecylindricalparhlland forming teeth, as indicated, and with a lower, larger bore 2| providedwithlefthandthreads formingteeth,asshownin 4. bores are joinedby a conical portion isprovidedwithannularringsformingteethalthough,obviously.thisportionoou ldbetbreaded without departing from the spirit of the inven tion. The annular rlngs.however,are

Itistobenotedthatthethus fargivenisverysimilartothatshowninl'igure 1. However, the diameter of the intermediate portion 2| is slightly larger than the diameter of the die which, for convenience, is indicatedat Einl'igure4. Theconnectionis provided with a tubular, centrally arranged insert 21, as previously described. If desired, this insert may be provided with barbs or rings. as indicated by the reference character 28, although the insert could be made smooth without departing from the spirit of this invention. Thehoseisstepped,aspreviously to provide a reduced, cylindrical end 2! of materiallength which is preferably connected with the cylindrical body portion II of the hose by means of the tapered portion II, as previously described.

The invention, however, shown in Figures '4 and 5, diflers from that previousLv described in other particulars. For example, the upper end of the upper bore 24 is provided with a conical portion or upper flare l2 and the body portion- 01' the connection is provided with an overflow hole 33 for the displaced rubber, which will be hereinafter described.

Thepartsareledaspreviouslydescribed. Itistobenotedthatthediameteroi' the cylindrical, reduced portion 20 of the hose is greater than the internal diameter 1" of the upper bore 24, as indicated in Figure 4. Further, the diameter G of the hose is lea than the diameter H of the lowerbore 2! of the connection.

After the parts are led, as previousb dey scribed in connection with Figures 1 to 3, the con-' nection is forced through the die a, such die During the contracting operation it is also to be noted that the intermediate portion 2| of the connection is contracted as well asthe lower portion 22. The conical bore or portion I2 prevents shearing of the material and permits the upper portion to be contracted without/excessive stresses being imposed upon the metal. This contraction oi'theupperportion forcestheteethinto ment with the wire braiding 31 of the hose and alsoforms aneck ringor'moregreatlycontmeted portion, indicated generally at 38, which also firmly engages the braided wires.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 6 and 7, adifferent typeof connection and a different type of hose are employed. This connection is a cylindrical member, as indicated at 38. and is provided with an upper bore II which is equippedwith lefthand threadsand alower,enlargedborell whichisequippedwithrighthand threadattmsproviding teeth,aspreviouslydescribed. Itispreferabletoprovideanintermediateboreflfreefromteethandofasiseapproximatelythatoi'theouterdiameterofthehose ll. 'lhishosellisofgreaterdiameterthanthe diameteroftheupperborellasshcwninrigure (Landitispreferabletouseahoseprovidedwith ametalcore,sothatthiscoreactssomewhat liketheinsertofthepreviomlydescribedforms andpreventscollapsingofthehose. Itisobviolmhowwenthatauinsertcouldbeusedwith theconnectionshowninl'igurellandadifferent typeofhosecouidbeifsodesired.

Withthisformoftheinventionthedietakesa different shape from that previously described. The die is indicated in Figure 'l by the reference character ll, andit isprovided with a lower cylindricalportionlljoininganuppercylindrical -portionlloflargerdiameterbymeansofabeveledportionll. Theupperportion of thedieis beveled,asindicatedatll. Inthisecasetheconnection is not presed completely through the die. Itispressedinto theposition shown sothat the contraction stops short of the upper end of the upper bore ll. The intermediate portion 42 stops at approximately the beveled portion 48 of the die andisoontractedmsshownbythe reference characterfl'inl'lgure'l. Thiscontractingoftheintermediate portion rocks the lower corners inwardly and forms a neck ring 50' which extends inwardlyagreaterdistancethananyotherportion of the connection.

It is obvious that other means could be employed for forming this neck ring. For example, asshowninmgures8and9,theconnectionmay consist of a member I ll which is cylindrical throughout its major portion, but which is providedwithanenlargedannularintermediatepart II. The internal bore of the connectionis of uniform diameter throughout, as indicated at 52, and is provided with threads which form teeth, as previously described. The bore is of lesser diameter than the external diameter of the hose 53, suchhosebelngeitherpiamorprowided witha fabric woven outer sheath it and being provided with a braided wire intermediate sheath 55.

The connection is provided with a centrally arranged, tubular insert It as previously described.

Thehoaeised,ashasbeenpreviously stated, by screwing it into place. Thereafter the connection is forced into a die 51, see Figure 9, which is provided with a cylindrical portion 58 and a conical upper portion 59. The contraction stops below the upper end of the inner bore 52, as shown in Figure 9. The annular enlargement Si is forced inwardly, thereby forcing the metal of the connection inwardly and forming a neck ring or contracted ring indicated generally at 69.

It is to be distinctly understood that the parts of the different types of connections may be inas desired, that the threads may be single or double. that the intermediate portions asshowninl'igureslanddmaybeprovided with annular rings cut therein or as previously described, and that other changes could be made from the precise disclosure in the drawings without departing from the spirit of this invention.

Itistobedistinctly notedthatalthoughthe conical connecting portion between the reduced cylindrical end and the body portion of the hose is prefa'red, that nevertheless this conical portion could be omitted and a more or less abrupt shmrlder formed at this point. The corresponding connections would, of course, be similarly changed.

This connection and the stepped hose' are intended primarily for high pressure, and it will be seen that the hose ls very firmly secured to the connection and that there is substantially no chance of the hose blowing from the connection or of a leak occurring.

It is to be particularly noted that by stepping the hose as indicated, the braided reinforcing wires are actually gripped by the internal teeth of the connection and thus an extremely strong grip is secured. a

While it is preferred to use a metal insert carried by the connection itself, it is nevertheless to be understood that the metal core within the hose, if sufilciently strong, can be looked upon as an insert to prevent collapse of the hose from the contraction of the connection. v

It will be seen further that this invention provides a connection for hose which will not blow oil and which will not permit leakage even under the strain of high internal pressure.

It is also to be noted that this invention is particularly applicable to hose in which braided wire supplies the chief strength; and this invention provides means for getting, in eflect, two grips or what may be described as a two-step grip on the hoseone grip directly on the wires below the outer surface of the hose and the other grip upon the outer surface.

It is to be distinctly understood that the reinforcing sheath may be single or it may be double as shown in the drawings.

Although the invention has been described in considerable detail, it is to be understood that such description is intended as illustrative rather than limiting, as the invention may be variously embodied and is to be interpreted as claimed.

Some features described hereinabove and shown in the drawings may be summarized or emphasized as follows:

Referring first to said lower portion 1 of the sleeve, Fig. 1, which portion may be referred to as the skirt." The following features are to be noted:

The concept or main idea of the skirt is as follows: An intense grip near the end of the hose, and a lesser grip'further back, such lesser grip protecting the soft outer covering, while the intense grip extends its influence to the wire braiding or other reinforcement. The construction which makes it possible to reach further into the center of the coupling, and thus to exert the said more intense grip, is what may be called the "two bore" construction, that is, the fact that the bore in the upper portion of the sleeve is smaller than that of the lower portion.

As an aid in the aforesaid matter, the stepping down" of the hose, for a distance equal to approximately half the length of the sleeve of the coupling, is resorted to.

' It will be noted that, after contraction, the bore of the lower'portion of the sleeve is greater than that of a part at least of the upper portion.

Similarly it will. be noted that a portion at least of the upper portion of the sleeve has a greater thickness of side well than the lower portion has.

It will be noted also, that the length of the "skirt" is substantial, being sufllcient to protect the upper edge ll of the outer covering of the hose, thatis, the "step in the hose, and to protect also a fair portion of the length of the outer covering below the step. v

Also it will be noted that. in the preferred form, the external diameter of the skirt, after contraction, is the same as that of the upper portion of the sleeve.

Also it will be noted that the coupling, before contraction, may be described as bell-mouthed." That is, its external shape conforms, to some extent, to its internal shape, said internal shape having the two bores aforesaid, to conveniently receive the "stepped end of the hose.

ing now to those features of construction which refer to what is herein called the "neckring, the following features are to be noted:

The broad concept of the ring neck is as follows: An external ring is converted into an internal one by pushing the coupling through a circular die. This broad concept is well shown in the modification which is illustrated by Figs. 8 and 9. That is to say, the modification shown in Figs. 8 and 9 is the simplest and most basic form of the ring-neck idea.

- The concept of the preferred form is the same as that of the broad form, with the limitation.

added that the external ring is wedge-shaped in cross-section, and that the annular wedge thus formed is pressed inward by the die may be called a swinging movement,, he bottom of the wedge moving inward while e point of the wedge remains almost stationary.

The movement just described, apart from its other advantages, has an advantage in manufacture, namely, that no sideway boring out of the upper part of the sleeve is necessary. That is to say, a tool, which moves in axial direction only, can bore the whole of the sleeve of the coupling.

I claim:-

1. A hose connection comprising a body portion having a sleeve projecting therefrom, said sleeve having an upper bore and a lower bore of difl'erent diameters, and said body portion having a conical recess joining the upper end of the upper bore, said conical recess forming an overflow space for the material of the hose, and act: ing as a stop for the end of the hose.

2. A connection for a hose end, said connection comprising a body portion and a sleeve projecting therefrom and adapted to be contracted upon the end of a hose, said connection having an overflow hole for the surplus material of the hose during contraction. 3. A hose clamp comprising an end wall and a sleeve projecting therefrom, said sleeve being adapted to receive the end of a hose and to be contracted to grip the same, said sleeve, having in the course of its length a portion which forms a ring substantially triangular in section, having two internal annular faces and one external annular face, said two inward faces being, before contraction, one of them generally cylindrical and the other non-cylindrical, and being, after contraction, both substantially conical, meeting in an inwardly projecting annular ridge, which bites into the substance of the hose.

4. A hose clamp comprising an end wall and a sleeve projecting therefrom, said sleeve being adapted to receive the end of a hose and to be contracted to grip the same, saidmleeve, before contraction, comprising, externally, two portions of different diameters joined by an externally tapared portion, and, internally, two bores of difl'erent internal diameters, joined by an internally tapered portion, said internal taper being steeper than said external taper, whereby a ring substantially triangular in section is formed in the course of the length of said sleeve after said r'sleeve has been contracted,

with what aportionofitsoutercovering,foradistance its approximately equal to the length of said met portion of said sleeve, whereby said contraction, is adapted to reeeive and to fit snugly around said stepped end after contraction, the lower being of less internal than that of said lower portion, whereeeve is remote from the wall, and both bores becoming reduced as a result of said contraction, the larger bore however still remaining the larger.

7. Ahosecouplingcomprisinganendwallanda sleeve projecting therefrom, said sleeve being adaptedtoreceivethe endofahose and tobe contracted to permanmtly grip the same, said sleeve having an upper portion, nearer said wall, and a lower portion, a part at least of said upper portion. before contraction. having its side wall of greater thickness than the side wall of said lower portion, and, after contraction, said part of said upper portion being of less internal diameter than said lower portion, said lower portion being of substantial length, whereby it is adapted to protect the outer covering of the hose.

8. Ahosecoupling comprisinganendwalland a sleeve projecting therefrom, said sleeve being adaptedtoreceivethe endofahoseandtobe contracted to permanently grip the same, said sleeve having an upper portion, nearer said wall, and a lower portion, said sleeve, before contraction, being internally bored with two bores, the larger bore being in said lower portion, and being, before contraction, of two diilerent diameters externally. the larger diameter being upon said lower portion, and, after contraction. said sleeve being cylindrical externally over both said portions.

9. Ahosecouplingcomprlsinganendwalland a sleeve projecting therefrom, said sleeve being adaptedtoreceivetheendofahoseandtobe permanently contracted to grip the same, said sleeve, before contraction. having upon a portionofitslengthalocaliaedexcessofexternal metal,whichexternalexcessis,aftercontraction, replaced by an inwardly protruding localized projection, existing where none existed before contraction, due to said external excess having been pressed inward, such inward projection protrading into the of the hose to grip the same.

10. A hose coupling an end wall andasleeveprojectingtherefrmsaidsleevebeingadaptedtoreceivetheendofahoseandto becontractedtogripthesameasubstantial portion of the length of said sleeve having, before contractiomitsinternalboreparallaandits external diameter greater at its end further from saidendwallthanatih-nearerendsaldportion having, after contraction, its external diameter uniform,anditsinternaldianieterlessatitsend furtherfromsaidendwallthanatitsnearerend.

lLAhosecoupiingcomprisinganendwalland a sleeve projecting therefrom, said sleeve being adaptedtoreceivetheendofahoseandtobs contractedtogripthesame,saidsleevehaving,in the course of its length, a portion substantially in the form of an annular wedge, the thick end of said annular wedge being the end remote from saidendwaiLsaidannularwedgebortionbeing. before contraction, cylindrical internally, and, after contraction, substantially conicalinternally,saidthickendthereofthenconstituting an inwardly protruding ring bitinginto the substance of the hose.

12. Ahosecouplingadaptedtoreceivetheend ofahoseandtobepermanentlycontractedto gripthesame, said coupling,before havins wnaportionofitslengthalocaliaedexcessofexternalmetabwhichuternalexcesis, after contraction, replaced by an inwardly protruding localised projection, existing where none existed before contraction, due to said/external excess having been pressed inward, such inward projection protruding into the substance of the hosetogripthesame. s

13. A hose coupling an end wall and asleeve projecting therefrom. saidsleevebediameter in such way that they together form one continuous cylinder, as viewed externally.

14. In combination, a hose coupling lengthofhose,saidcouplingbeingadaptedto permanently contracted inward upon to grip the same, said hose having its ducedby the removalofiiaoutercoveringtoa said two portions of the hose to be ipp d. when the coupling is contracted.

15. Ahose coupling comprisinganendwalland a sleeve projecting downwardly therefrom, which sleeveistobe permanentlycontracted ontothe end of a hose to grip the same, said sleeve comprising an upper portion, an intermediate, generally outwardly sloping portion, and a lower portion, said three portions together forming a continuous wall, said intermediate portion havinguponitsinwardfaceasubstantiallydrcumferential inwardly projecting ridge. projecting from said general outward slope of said intermediateportiomthe summltofsaidridgebeing, before such contraction. substantially at the same distancefromtheaxisofsaidsleeveasisthe inward face of said upper portion, whereby as-' semblyof thehoseendintosaidupperportionis permitted, but, after said contraction, said surnmitbelngnearersaidaxlsthanissaidwalLbitlng intothesubstanceofthehosetogripthesame. stepped by theremoval of its outer covering 16. A hose connection for a flexible hose having to a substantial depth, and for a substantial distance, thereby forming two portions of diiferent diameters, a stepped-down portion and a thicker portion, as viewed before such contraction, there -being provided in the coupling, around a portion at least of the length of said stepped-down part of the hose, metal in excess of what metal would be needed to provide a sleeve of substantially uniform thickness of wall, throughout the length of the sleeve, following the surface of the hose as stepped, said excess metal serving to facilitate said contracting when it is desired to press with extra intensity upon a part at least of the length of said stepped-down portion of the hose.

is to be permanently contracted inward upon the hosetogriptbesamasaidhosehavingitsend Josupn PETER mama.

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