USRE15801E - rychiger - Google Patents

Description

March 25 1924;

Rs RYC HIGER SEMIAUTOMAT IC FI RBARM Original Filed Dec. 9, 1914 6 Sheets-Sheet l March 25 1924. I

R. RYCHIGER SEMIAUTOIIATIC FIREARM Original Filed Dad). 9, 1914' SSheets-Sheet 2 March 25 1924.

R. R YCHIGER SEMIAUTOIIATIC FIREARM Original Filed Dec, 9,1914 .6. Sheets-Sheet 5 March 25 1924.

R. RYCHIGER SEMI AUTOMATIC FIREARM Original Filed Dec. 9, 1914' 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 March 25 1924. R .15,8()1

7 R. RYCH IGER SEMIAUTOMATIC FIREARM Original Filed Dec. 9, 1914 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 38M #16 Gum/nu s March 25, 1924. 4 15,

R. RYCHIGER SEMIAUTOIATIC FIREARM Original Filed 09. 9, 1914 6 Sheets-Sheet e Puziol/FycZfyer Reismed Mar. 25, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

RI'lDOLF RYCHIGER, OF TBUN, SWITZERLAND.

SEMIAUTOMATIC FIREABI,

Original No. 1,135,722, dated April 13, 1915, Serial No. 878,242, filed December 9, 1914. Application for reissue filed January 21,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUnoLr Bro-menu, a citizen of the Federal Republic of Switzerland and a resident of 'lhun, in the Canton of lierne, Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Semiautomatic Firear1ps,'of which the following is a specification.

- The present invention relates 'to that class of firearms in which the recoil, due to the liring of a cartridge, is utilized to open the breech, extract and eject the empty shell, insert a fresh cartridge from the magazine into the barrel, close the breech and cock the piece.

The main object of the present invention is to produce an improved semi-automatic firearm, specially adapted for military service, having a novel improved construction in which the recoil causes the barrel with receiver and the complete breech-closing parts therein to recoil together, while interlocked, a limited distance, the backward movement of the barrel with receiver being then arrested and the breech-closing parts the receiver unlocked and caused to continue their recoil alone, within the receiver, compressing a resisting action spring by which the complete breech-closing parts are returned to the forward firing position.

The breech-closing parts consist only of a few members and the firearmis' easily assembled or dismounted without requiring any tools.

Another main object of the invention is to provide improved. means for locking and unlocking a breech-bolt of the type which locks and unlocks by a rotary movement, which means is light and inexpensive and effects the desired result with certain ease and freedom.

' A further main object of the invention is to provide a: simple device to lock the firing pin in its position'of full cock, if necessary, thereby avoiding accidental or unintentional firing and at the same time an unintentional opening of the rifle.

\Vith these and other objects in view, which will more fully appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the combination, arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter fully described. pointed out in the appended claims; and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, itbeing understood that 1921. Serial No. 439,025.

many changes may be made in the size and proportion of the several parts and details of construction within the see of the appended claims without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

This self-loading rifle system (semi-automatic) is based upon the following principles:

As with every rifle, the firing of a cartridge causes a recoil. This recoil serves in this system to unlock the breech-closing parts. The recoil causes the barrel with re ceiver to move backward upon a raceway together with the complete breech-closing parts in the receiver consisting of breech-bolt carrier, breech-bolt, extractor, firing pin, firing pin spring and end-piece in the breech bolt, as well as the safety rod, bolt-stop, scar and the end-piece on the receiver.

By this backward movement the receiver hits against a lever, pivoted at its lower endin the race-way, the point of impact being first on its head or outer end, but on account of the curved shape of the lever, this point of impact is transferred more and more toward the fulcrum oint, until it is near the center, thus effecting a strong accelerating velocity of the lever head.

This lever works on the carrier which latter is guided in the receiver and is always on the breech-bolt, which latter is therefore forced to slide backward also.

The explosion of a cartridge gives the bar rel with receiver such a blow that it recoils upon the raceway, together with the complete breech-closing parts therein, with great velocity.

k The greatmo'mentum of the recoiling re-- ceiver is then transmitted to the accelerating lever, whose upper part isthus forced to swing with progressive accelerating velocity, giving the carrier such a powerful impulse, that the latter slides backward, unlocks the breech-bolt from, the receiver and afterwards forces the unlocked breech-bolt and the whole breech-closing parts backward with sufficient force, to move backward in the receiver against a resisting action spring a sufiicient distance to eject a cartridge, the compression produced in the resisting action spring being suflicient to cause the breechclosing parts to be pushed forward again to thefiring position, at the same time inserting a cartridge into the barrel,

The, invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the central portion of a rifle, constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 1" is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of the receiver. a

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken through the portion of the rifle shown in Fig. 1; I

igure 3 is a horizontal section taken through the same;

Figure 4 is a section taken on line 44 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a section taken on line 55 of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a section taken on the same line with the safety mechanism in its operative position; I

Figure 7 is a section taken on line 77 of Figure 2;

Figure 8 is a section taken on line 88 of Figure 2;

Figure 9 is a vertical section taken through the base plate or raceway on which the receiver, actuated by the recoil, moves;

Figure 10 is a plan view of the same;

Figure 11 is a section taken on line 1111 of Figure 9;

- Figure 12 is a section taken on line 1212 of Figure 9;

Figure 13 is a section taken on line 1313 of Figure 9;:

Figure 14 is a section taken on line 1414 of Figure 9;

Figure 15 is a section taken on line 1515 of Flgure 9; V

Figure 16 is-a" vertical longitudinal section taken through the magazine carrying plate of the rifle;

Figure 17 is a section taken on line 1717 of Figure 16;

Figure 18 is a section taken on line 1818 of Figure 16;

Figure 19 is a central vertical section taken longitudinally through the receiver of the rifle;

Figure 20 is a horizontal section taken therethrough Figure 21 is a face view of the end piece closing the receiver;

Figure 22 is a rear end view of the receiver;

Figure 23 is a section taken on line 23-23 of Figure 19;

Figure 24 is a section taken on line 24-24 of Figure 19;

Figure 25 is a section taken on line 2525 of Figure 19; I

Figure 26 is a section taken on line 26 26 of Figure 19;

Figure 27 is a section taken on line 27-27 of Figure 19;

Figure 28 is a section taken on line 28-28. of Figure 19;

' the breech-bolt carrier;

Figure 29 is a section taken on line 2929 of Figure 19;

F igure 30 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through the breech-bolt;

Figure 31 is a horizontal, vertical section taken therethrough;

Figure 32 is an end view thereof;

Figure 33 is a section taken on line 3333 of Figure 30;

Figure 34 is a section taken on line 3434 of Figure 30;

Figure 35 is a section taken on line 3535 of Figure 30;

Figure 36 is a section taken on line 3636 of Figure 30;

Figure 37 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through the breech-bolt carrier;

Figure 38 is a horizontal longitudinal section taken therethrough;

Figure 39 is an end view thereof;

Figure 40 is a section taken on line 40-40 of Figure 37 Figure 41 is a section taken on line 41-41 of Figure 37; I a

Figure 42 is a section taken on line 42-42 of Figure 37 Figure 43 is a plan view of a portion of Figure 44 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the. firing pin;

Figure 45 is a plan view thereof; partly in section;

Figure 46 is an end view of the same;

Figure 47 is a section taken on line 47 47 of Figure 44;

Figure 48 is a section taken on line 4848 of Figure 44;

Figure 49 is a rear elevation of the endpiece of the breech-bolt;

Figure 50 is a'vertical section taken therethrough;

Figure 51 is a plan view of the same;

Figure 52 is a side elevation of the shell extractor;

Figure 53 is a. front elei 'ationthereof;

Fi e 54 is a section taken on line 5454 of Figure 52;

Figure 55 is a section taken on line 55-55 of Figure 52;

Figure 56 is a section taken on line ,5656 of Figure 52;

Figure 57 is a 3 side elevation of the trigger;

Figure 58 is a section taken on line 5S58 of Figure 57;

Figure 59 is a vertical longitudinal section' taken through the sear of the trigger apparatus 3 Figure 60 is a plan view thereof; 3 Figure 61 is a section taken on line 61-61 of Figure 59;

Figure 62 is a section of the magazine follower;

Figure 63 is a bottom plan view of the same III

sition after the last cartridge in the maga-' zine has been fired; v Figure 70 is a front elevation of the same;

F i re 71 is a section taken on line 71-71 of Flgure 7 0; q

Figure 72 is a detail side elevation, with parts broken away, looking in the opposite direction of Figures 1 and 2 and showing the receiver in recoiled position on the raceway and the breech-bolt rotated by the rearward movement of the carrier to the unlocking position.

Figure 73 is a horizontal section on line 73-73 of Figure 72;

F i re 74 is a detail side view of the brace -bolt and carrier, looking in the same direction as Figure 72, with the breech-bolt locked, the accelerating lever being shown in sition.

igures 75 to 77 are detail elevational views showing the manner in which the carrier sets the firing pin.

Figure 78 to 81 are diagrammatic end views showing the different relative rotative positions of the breech-bolt with respect to the carrier and the sear.

In the drawings, the numeral 80 indicates the stock of the firearm which is suitably recessed on its upper side to receive an elon-' gated'base block or raceway 83 (see Figures 2, 4 to 7, 9 to 15, and 74.). This raceway is attached to the stock by headed screws 81 and 82, passing freely upwardly through the stock and threaded into suitable tapped borings at opposite ends of the raceway, these screws also serving to hold the plate so porting the trig er guard and magazine 1n position as willie later pointed out. This raceway is of channel shape in cross section throughout the main rtion of its length to receive the sear as wi lbe later set forth.

Upon the sides of this raceway are formed projections 84 which extend- -from top to bottom thereof and fit into mortises in .the

c stock to properly position,in assembling,

the said raceway on the stock. These projections also serve to transmit the recoil of the barrel, which is initially received by the raceway, to-the stock. a

This raceway has also formed upon the sides thereof and flush with the top thereof,

two pairs of laterally projecting lugs of which there are a front pair 85 and rear pair 85", the former being located at the extreme front end of the raceway and the latter ashort distance in front of the rear pair of projections 84. This raceway supports the barrel extension or receiver 87, which is of substantially cylindrical shape (see Figures 1 to 8, 19 to 27, 72 and 73) and is provided toward opposite ends with two pairs ofdownwardly projecting lugs 86, 86 whose inner faces are spaced laterally in correspondence with the sides of the receiver and have grooves 86 formed therein, these grooves extending from the front edges of the lugs partially rcarwardly therethrough. Vhen assembling, the receiver is laid on the raceway with the lugs 86, 86' behind the ears 85, 85 and is then moved forwardly until the grooves 86 engage over the ears. As will be apparent, disengagement of the receiver in a forward direction is prevented by the rear walls of the grooves,

while the receiver is prevented from mov- 81 and 82 above mentioned which pass upwardly through suitable counterbored apertures therein, andby a thirdscrew'89 which passes upwardly through the forwvard end of the plate and is threaded into a sleeve 89' sunk downwardly into the stock.

The receiver 87, in which are arranged the various loading, firing and extracting mechanisms, to be later described, comprises a substantially cylindrical casing, whose forward portion is longitudinally slotted on both its lower and upper sides for the, admission and'ejection respectively of the cartridges and shells, and which communicates in the usual manner with the barrel 88 attached thereto, an annular inturned flange 87' being formed on the receiver just to the rear of the longitudinally slotted portion.

The rear end of the receiver is closed by an end-piece 93 that is preferably screwed into the vsame and has pivoted to the upper side thereof, as at 94, downwardly projecting lever 95 arranged to swing longitudinally of theirifle, the lower end of this lever projecting downwardly beyond the receiver into. a transverse groove 96 formed in the upper side of the rear end of the raceway 83, the lower end of the lever having a projection 95 which em gages in a notch 96 in the rear wall of the groove 96. This lever 95 is also prothe projection 95 vided with a ortion 95' forming a thumbiece, adapts to be engaged to press the ever inwardly. Carried in suitable sockets in this lever and the end-piece 93 is a coiled compression spring 97, this spring servingl both to cushion the recoil and return t e barrel with receiver, as will be later set forth, and also to hold the lever 95 in position, retaining the end-piece 93 against unscrewing movement by pressing on the lever into the notch 96" in the raceway, the width of the groove 96, considered longitudinally of the rier' is a guide lug 101, which engages in receiver on the raceway causes the ndpiece to bear against the lever 95 (see Fig. 42) before the grooves 86 in the receiver have passed from engagement with the lugs -on the raceway, thus retaining the receiver on the raceway. is end iece forms with its front face, which latter is provided with a small circular groove to, accommodate the rear end ofan action spring 127, the abutment of this action spring and, also the limiting point of the recoiling of the complete" breech-closing parts in. the receiver 87. v

Within the receiver is slidably mounted a breech-bolt carrier 99 (see Figures 2 to 7, 37 to 43, 72 to. 77) which is also arranged. to have a slight rotary movement in the receiver, this carrier being'in the form of a relatively short sleeve, which fits snugly over the breech-bolt and snugly in the receiver, -to the rear of the flange 87', the

breech-bolt being indicated. at 100 and being of considerablygreater length than the carrier 99 and being adapted to slide and rotate in the receiver 87, being supported and guided by the carrier and also y the rece1ver.

Formed on the outer surface of the cara groove 103 extending fiorwardly from the rear end of the receiver with its main length in the median line of the rifle, diverging spirally from a short distance near its forward end as at 104: and finally terminating at its forward end in a straight portion 105, parallel to the main len h of the groove but oifset .circumferentia 1y therefrom.

The bottom of the receiver is rojected downward, below {the cylindric outline thereof, to enclose the groove 103, the

grooves '86 in the lugs 86, 86' being so spaced vertically, as to brin the bottom of the receiver substantially ush with the top of the raceway. It will be apparent that, as the carrier 99 moves backwar during theoperation, it will be given a'slight turning motion by reason of the engagement of the guide In 101 in the groove 103, the purpose of t is turn being later Set forth.

The carrier 99 is also" provided with an inwardly projecting lug 102 which is preferably ofl'set circumferentially from the exterior lug 101, this lug 102 bein adapted to engage and slide in a spiral 5 0t 107 in the wall of the breech-bolt 100 toward the rear end thereof, and the longitudinal movement of the carrier causes this lug102 to rotate the breech-bolt one-seventh of a revolution, thereby locking and unlocking the breech-bolt with the receiver.

This inwardly projecting lug 102 in the carrier has an inward extension 102' at one end which forms a shoulder, adapted to stopthe forward movement of the firing pin in case of breaking of any part of the firing device, thereby orming a safety device for the firearm.

The forward portion of the breech-bolt 100 (see Figures 1 .to 8, 30 to 36, 72 to 77) is of reduced diameter as shown at 100', forming a shoulder which is adapted to engage the inturned flange 87' of the receiver to limit the forward movement of the breech-bolt. .n

This forward portion ofthe breech-bolt is formed with exterior mutilated screw threads 109, which mesh with interior similar screw threads 110 out in inwardly projecting "ribs 87 extending along the side of the receiver adjacent the cartridge opening, these mutilated screw threads running in anopposite direction to the spiral slot. '107- in the breech-bolt. This forward portion of the breech-bolt is also provided with a longitudinal groove 100 located just un der the threads on one side of the bolt, this oove having an enlarged offset 100" at its inner'end. A lug 134 on the inturned flange 87 -engages in this it moves backward or. forward.

The breech-bolt is provided witha bore- 111 and the wall of the bolt is longitudinally slotted on: one side as at 118 ,from the rear end thereof to the shoulder 100", the 7 wide spiral slot 107-communicatin at one side with this longitudinal slot, .t us per-- verse portion 107' and has in its front wall, a shallow arcuate notch 107 fora purpose move, thereby holding the breech-bolt against rotation as .cocked to be later set forth. Within the bore 111 is mounted the firing in 112 (see Figures 1 to 8, 44 to 57, 75 to 7) which is preferably made with a detachable point 114 to permit of easy replacement in case of breakage, the main body of the pin having a boring 112 extending rearwardly from its front end into which the shank 114 of the oint projects, this shank having a diminlshed extension 114 which is outturned at its end as at 114 to engage inan aperture in the wall of the pin body. By depressing this end 114 the point may be released from the pin body. The rear portion of the firing pin is enlarged as at 112, thls enlarged portion being made tubular from the rear end as at'112 to receive the firing pin spring 123, the pin having another intermediate portion 112 of somewhat less diameter than the end 112, thus forming a shoulder.

Upon the firing pin are formed two projecting studs 116 and 117, the second of which is at the rear end of the enlarged tubular portion 112 of the firing pin, and the first is at the forward end of the intermediate portion 112". The first or front stud 116 serves to hold the firing pin in breech-bolt. These two studs are disposed in the same plane and roject into and beyond the slot 118 in the reec'h-bol-'t.

The firing pin 112 is normally urged forward by an expansion spring 123, also called main spring, which is seated in the tubular portion 112 of the firing pin and bears against an end-piece 124 that closes the rear end of the breech-bolt and locks the main spring 123 in the tubular portion 112". This end-piece 124 also engages and supports the rear end of the main spring 123. This spring gives the firing pin the necessary power to strike and serves also to preventthe end-piece 124 from dis engagement with the breech-bolt. This endpiece is detachable and is held upon the reech-bolt in a suitable manner as by the exterior quadr'antal projections 126 in the enlarged rear end of the breech-bolt boring. A tit 126' on one of the projections 126 engaging a notch 125' in one of the projections 125 and thereby, under the pressure of the spring 123, holding the parts interlocked, the manner of assembling the rifle 1 being set forth in detail later.

, the front stud 116 projects in front 'ofth' The rear stud 117 on the firing pin projects downwardly behind the carrier 99 and carrier, the rear stud being engaged by the carrier in its rearward movement on the recoil-to reset the firing pm. As here shown osition by means of the sear head the stud 117 projects into a segmental recess 119 in the rear end of the carrier, the front edge of this recess comprising a straight portion 120 and a spiral portion 121.

The front stud 116 projects into asegmental recess 99 in the front end of the carrier, this recess being extended as at 99" to accommodate the firing pin when the latter is drawn back.

The carrier 99 and with it the breech-bolt 100 are normally urged forward by the action spring 127 which is seated in the receiver 87 and bears between the end-piece 93 and a shoulder 99 on the carrier, formed by reducing the rear part thereof. This action spring serves to close and lock' the breech-closing parts in the receiver an thus replaces the human hand.

The receiver 87 has formed in one. side thereof, just to the rear of the cartridge opening, a slot 128 which extends upwardly from the bottom thereof and intersects the inside area of the barrel as clearly shown in Figs. 20 and 26. This recess accommodates and guides the accelerating lever 129 (see Figs. 64, 72 and 73) which projects at its lower end across the side of the raceway 83 at the forward end thereof, and is pivoted to the latter, thelever being fixed on a in 129 which projects into a transverse oring 83 in the front end of the raceway. This'lever 129 is sha ed to present a nose 129' on its forward si e ap roximately mid,- way between its ends, whi e its-rear side is concavely curved for clearance purposes. The nose 129 of this lever is adjacent the front wall of the slot 128 in the receiver while its end 129 rojects across and adjacent the front en of the carrier. Since the fulcrum point of the lever is fixed in the celerating lever.

The spent cartridges or shells, are removed by a resilient extractor bar 132 which is fixed upon and extends along the forward ortion 100' of the breech-bolt, the inturned ange 87 on the receiver being checked out as at 87 and 87 to accommodate this bar and the mutilated screw threads 109, while the forward end of the receiver has a seg- -mental check-out 87 to accommodate the hooked end133 of the extractor. The extractor is rovided with an inwardly projecting hoo 133 on its forward end, that engages in the rim of the shell for withdrawingf the same from the barrel as. the breech-bolt moves backward, the shell being ejected by striking the lug 134 on inturned flange 87 of the recelver 87.

'The extractor bar 132 is formed 110 carrier 99. I therefore call this lever an ae portion of the breech-bolt while adjacent its, rear end the underside of the extractor bar is recessed as at 132. By insertin' a screwdriver or like tool in the recess 13 the bar 132 may be sprung sufiiciently to release the hooked projection132' from the recess 100" while the bar may be secured in position by insertin the projection 132' in the recess 100 an forcing the end of the bar'i'nto'the recess 100". ThlS extractor bar is always on the breech-bolt andfm'ay be considered use part of the'same.

The cartridge magazine is disposed under the cartridge opening in the receiver and comprises t e casing 135 which is fixed to the plate 90 andprojects upwardl through a suitable recess in the stoc e bottom of the casing is formed by a detachable hot- I tom-member,136 to which is attached the 7 means of a nose at its undersi ma azine springh137, the latter car ing a fol ower 138.- is bottom member as an upturned surrounding flange which projects upwardly into the casing wall 135 and has an exterlor lug 140 on its forward end which.

engages in a recess in the casing wall. The bottom-is forrfied with .a slot 139 which extends rearwardly from a point toward the front end and completely through the rear end of said bottom and its flan thereby forming the rear portion of t e bottom transversely resilient. U n opposite sides of the flange and near t e rear end of the bottom are lugs 141 similar to the lugs 140 and en ging in like recesses in the cas- 1ng wall. n putting the bottom in place the lugl 140 is first seated in its recess, after w 'ch the bottom is compressed transversely to permit of the seating of the lugs 141 in then recesses, the lugs springing into place as soon as the compression is removed from the bottom. The top late or follower 138 is so constructed as to old the cartridge in suitable piosition and is adapted to be fastened. tig t on the magazine ssrin e w ich fits into acorresponding slot in the top section of the spri 137. I

(Jo-operating with the follower 138 is a bolt-stop adapted to hold the breech-bolt .in its retracted position when the magazine has been exhausted. This bolt-stop comprises a shank 142 see Fig. which proects through a verticallyelongated-aperture orslot 143 in the side wall of the receiver just in front of the recess 128, this shank having-a verticall enlarged head 144 on its inner end whic prevents its disengagement-from the slot. This head has a rearwardly facing arcuate notch 144'- on its upper side which the front end of the breechbolt engages when the head is raised. A spring 145 iscarried upon the upperv side of said shank 142 and bears between the -latter and the upper wall of the slot 143 and normally resses the shank against the lower wall 0 the slot, in which osition the head 144 is out of the ath 0 the breech-bolt. Extending upward y from the outer end of the shank 142 is a rigid arm 146 having an outturned finger piece 146' on its upper end iii. v en the magazine is exhaustedthe lug 138' engages the head 144 and pushes the latter upwardly causing it to project in frontof the bolt when the latter reaches its rear- 'most position, and hold the bolt against forward movement, a forwardly pro ecting annular flange 100 on the front end of the breech-bolt engaging in the recess 144 in the head 144.

The firing pin is controlled-by a scar 147 free to ,move longitudinally in the latter.-

Upon'the front end of the sear is an up- 'wardly pro'jhecting head 148 which projects upwardly rough an opening 87! in the bottom of the receiver 87 'ust to the rear of the internal flan 87 t ereof, this head, extending upwar lyv into the receiver across the bottom wall of the carrier 99, being,

accommodated. in the front segmental re cess 99 of the latter; the portion of the head projecting across the'wall of the carrier being formed to present a rearwardly facing vertical shoulder 148' against/which thefront stud 116 of the firing pin bears, while the rtion projecting across the wall ofthe receiver presents an inclined shoulder 148 which rmits of a slight rearward movement 0 the sear relatively to the receiver. The front wall 148" of the head 148 is inclined upwardly and forwardly as shown, this front wall, when the rifle is cooked, resting on a downwardl' and rearwardlyinclined wall 87" formed y the front edge of the-opening 87' inthe receiver. The top of the head 148'is formed on one side with a longitudinal recess or notch 148 which notch is in juxtaposition with the pressure of spring 149. B

i which the pivot pin 158 of the trigger passes,

stud 116 of the firing pin when the rifle is set for firing (see Fig. 78) the stud 116 on the firing pin sliding throu h said notch when the head 148 is de resse The head slants downwardly and orwardly from the shoulder soas to allow the stud-116 on the firing pin to ride back thereover, as will be later set forth.

At its rear end the top face of the head 148 is curved concentric to the breech-bolt 100 and. projects closely adjacent thereto, the head tapering laterally as well as longitudinally toward its forward end. Formed on the upper face of the sear 147 between the ends thereof are a pair of transverse ridges 154 and 155 spaced a short distance one in front of the other, these ridges being adapted to bear upwardly against the bottom of the receiver and form fulcrums upon which the sear swings, as it is acted upon by the trig er 156. These ridges form two points, t e front ridge is the rocking point, .the rear ridge is the working point. From the rocking point to theworking point the front stud of the firing pin is set sharp to ascertain afterwards a *'non-s1idin or rinding release of the front stud of the ring pin from the sear head 148 by pulling the trigger. The sear is normally held in position with the head 148 thereof projected up into the ath of the front stud of the firing pin an with the front ridge 154 hearing on the receiver by means of a coiled expansion spring 149 seated at opposite ends respectively in sockets in the underside of the head 148 and the upper face of an abutment lever 150 pivoted near its opposite end as at 151 to the sear and enclosed between, the sides of the latter, this lever having its opposite end extended beyond its pivot 151 to bear a ainst the inner face of the sear and thus imit the outward movement of the first mentioned end of the lever under the mounting the spring 149 in this manner, t e ready remova and replacing of the sear is permitted without touching the spring.

The rear end' of the sear is closed by a semicircular. end 147' which is extended downward] to form an arcuate heel 147' Igagginst WhlCh the trigger 156 is adapted to r. The trigger 156 is formed with an enlar (1 head 156' in which is a downwardl an -rearwardly slanting slot 157, throng this pin being supported at its ends in two perforated lugs 83 on the underside of the racewa between which the head of the triger is isposed, the head projecting up into i; e raceway and into the scar just in front of the heel 147' of the sear, through an aperture 83" in the bottom of the racewa at the rear end of the channeled portion t erelongitudinally extending socket in the upper port-ion of the trigger head 156' and is pressed by a-spring 159' seated in the bottom of said socket and pressing the pin 159 against the inclined rear face of a shoulder 83; extending upwardly from the bottom of the raceway. On top of this shoulder 83 is a projection, adapted to bear against the inner'face of the sear 147 and forming aguide for said sea-r. O;1 the lower part of the trigger head 156 is aforwardly extending and upwardly curved finger 161 which bears against the bottom of the raceway in front of the aperture 83. the pressure of the sprin 159 will act to swin the head 156 around the pivot pin 158 and old the finger 161 pressing upward against the bottom of the raceway and at the same time pressing the trigger head back ward until the front end of the slot- 157 engages the pin 158. Upon the rear end of the trigger is formed a cam nose 162 which engagesrthe heel 147 on the sear, this nose swinging inwardly to disengage from the heel when the shoulder 148' is released from the stud 116 .on the firing pin, as will be later pointed out, the trigger striking the rear wall of the trigger slot 90 in the plate 90 immediately after the nose 162 clearing the heel 147 and limiting the upward movement of the nose in a POSltlOl'l in which forward ressure of the heel on the nose swings the atter downward by reason of the reaction of the spring pressed pin 159. Thetrigger when it is pulled backward on firing 1s rm in its place in the raceway, while the sear slides back with the receiver by means of the sear head in the accommodated a erture in the bottom wall of the receiver. is backward. movement of the sear causes it to ride off the cam nose 162 of the trigger so that the sear w th its head again sets itself It will be obvious that immediately in position to catch the front stud of the firing pin when the latter slides forward again with the breech-closing parts.

When the sear moves forward, it takes the tri ger along with it by means of the channe ed portion of the sear, close to its rear end, fitting over'the trig er head 156' and by means of the slanting 5 0t 157 in the tri ger, which slot permits the trigger to sli e forward with the sear. As soon as the trigger is released its cam nose 162 is pushed lll v of. A pin 159' is slidably mounted in a gage the carrier 99 in the receiver, when the I rod is pulled rearwardly. This rod is mounted in a guide 164 of arciform shape in cross section iormed on the ri ht side of the receiver, in which it-has bot slidingand rotary movement, and is provided with a handle 165. Thereceiver 1s longitudinally slotted as at 164' to accommodate this lug 166, while the carrier 99 is faced off at one side to present a forwardly facing shoulder 167 against which the In 166'bears. When the rod 163 is pulled bac ward by its handle 165 it therefore takes the carrier 99 along and as the inside lug of the carrier upon its longitudinal movement slides in the spiral slot 107 of the breech-bolt 1.00, it therefore turns the breech bolt, and disengages the" threads 109, 110. Therefore, this rod 163 performs all the functions the accelerating ever 129 does in the firing of a cartridge,

.The action spring 127 pushes the breechclosing parts forward again and the carrier with its shoulder 167 bears on the lug 166 of the rod'163 thus taking this rod along with it to the forward firing position.

The rod 163 is yieldingly held in its forward position by means of a spring'pressed detent 168, located in a grove 1n the wall of the receiver and engaging an amuate notch 169 out in the side of the rod 163 near the front end thereof. To assist in maintaining the rod against any lateral or bending movement as it is ulled backward, it is formed on its inner si e with a dove-tail groove 163 which extends from the rear end substantially half the length thereof, this groove being alined with a complementary lug 169 projecting laterally from the endgsiece 93 so as to engage said lug as the 1' moves backward.

When the rod 163 is in its foremost position in its given place it, is adapted to be rotated by hand, the handle 165 swung upward nearer to the receiver about 100 degrees as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6.

Thus, a double safety of the firing device a ainst a non-desired function-is assured.

his safety device is effected by the arcuate lug 170'on the rod 163, which in 170 is curved concentric to the rod 163 an is fixed on a flange-member 163 projecting from the rod diametrically opposite'to the lug 166. This lug 170 slides outside over the receiver and is adapted to be moved by rotation of the rod 163 into en gement with the shoulder 167 on the carrier 99 through a cut-out portion on the receiver and replaces the lug 166 on the shoulder of the carrier, which lug 166 turns away from the carrier to a position beneath the rod 163.

By swinging the handle 165 upward the rod 163 with the lug 170 istrotated and pulled backward a short distance (6 millimeter) by means of the front end of the flange member 163 sliding over a spiral area 171' on the receiver) and then pushed forward I the second safety carrier 99 backward also which latter, by

means of its inside lug 102 being in engagement with the spiral slot 107 in the breechbolt 100, rotates the latter with'the firing pin 112whose front stud 116 is thus rotated away from registry with the notch 148 on the sear head 148 to a posit-ion on the sear head where it is impossible to fire.

If this described safety device should fail by breaking of any (part of the firing device,

evice would then come into function, inasmuch as the projection 102' on the inside lug 102 in the carrier- 99 (which latter is held'back a short distance) (4 millimeter) would stop the forward movement of the firing pin (by means of the shoulder of the tubular portion 112" .of the firing pin abutting against this projection of the inside lug 102 in the carrier 99) before said firing pin could reach the percussion cap of the cartridge, (see Figure 3).

A double safety device is thus rovided.

The rod 163 is independent rom the movementsofthe breech-closing parts and therefore, on firing of a cartridge, it is firm in its place by means of the above described spring-pressed detent in the receiver, and when rotated to safety position, it snaps forward in its given lace, therefore it must be pulled backward rst before it can be rotated again (its handle swinging downward) to firing position.

When the rod is in its extreme forward position, the flange-member 163 engages in a rearwardly facing notch 171 formed, in

the forward end,of the arciform guide 164 To enable the rod to be rotated after being shifted slightly backward, as set forth, the guide 164 is cut away as at 164', this cutout portion extending inwardly through the wall of the receiver 87 as shown .to accommodate the arcuate lug 170, (see 5 and 6). r w

When the rod 163 has been rotated it is moved slightly forward (not however to its.

extreme forward position) until the detent 168 engages in a second notch 173 in the rod, just to. the rear of and at right angles to the notch 16 9. i

The foregoing description, taken in connection wit the drawings; will readily enable those skilled in the art to understand the manner of assembly of the plate 90 with its magazine and the raceway 83 .on' stock 80 and of the sear 147 and trigger in the raceway, the accelerating lever'-1'29 being mounted in the racewaHrior to placing the latter in the stock; assembly of the other parts lwill be now explained. Thereceiver 87 is first laid upon the; 156 12e ei-manner of -the rojecti the raceway 83 with mm 88 accom modated in the usual er in the groove in the stock, the receiver being inserted downwardl with the grooved lugs 86, 86' thereof to t e rear of the corresponding lugs 85, 85"on the raceway, the lever 129 being.

entered into the 128 in the side of .the receiver, and the stock bein suitably reto receive the lugs on t e latter. The rod 163 istheninserted in position, the lug 166 beingfirst passed through the enlargement 164" at the front'end of the slot 164 and the rod pushed forward in the guide 164 until the flange. 163 bears in the notch 171. The carrier 99, breech-bolt 100 and firin pin 112 are then in the receiver 111 the rear end, having previously been assembled as follows: The firing serted through the carrier to a position with the projection 102 in the carrier located betw an and in a common plane with the studs 116 and-117 on the. firing pin While the arts are held in this position, the'breecholt is inserted between the carrier and fir+ ing pin, the. studs 116, 117 and projection 102 pasing thr 'h the slot 118 in the breech-bolt until e projection 102 registhe spiral slot 107 in the breech bolt,. the carrier being. then partially rotated to bring the'projection into spiral slot. The mainspr' 123 is then inserted into the tubular rtion at the rear end of the firing pin, an the end-piece 124 inserted in the rearen'd of the breech-bolt as previously described. The carrier 99- is then rotated by hand in an posite direction tothat just referred tountll the projection '102 is in alinement with the arcuate notch 107 in the breech-bolt at the entrance to said slot 107 By reason of the cut of the rear stud 117 onthe'firing pm with the rear edge of the carrier 99, the sp 123 is compressed as the is rota fbsfikwatd and in consequence e pressure 0 e s nng causes 102 to bear yieldihgly in the note 10'! and hold the carrier and breechbolt against rotary displacement. It may be said that the presure of the spring 123 is rotated by hand as just set forth so that causes the projection 10260 hug the forward wall of the spiral slot 107 when the carrier of the breec -bolt will be in registry with the lug 134 on the inturned flange 87' of-the receiver when the projection101 on the carrier is shaped with the groove 103 in the bot-- tom of the receiver.

The breech-bolt carrier 99 breech-bolt 100, firing pin 112, main spring 123 and endpin is inthe action spring 127 piece 124 are the reviously breechclosing arts an ,properlfi assembled set fort form a unit w ich is adapt to be inserted from the rear into the receiver 87, the exterior lug 101 on the carrier engaging)the groove 103 in the'receiver.

ismouuting of the assembled breech-clue ing parts is as follows: First the carrier 99 is rotated to enable its interior 1 102' to slide to the front end of the spi ve 107 in the breech-bolt 100 then the an iece 124 is pressed inward a gainst the main spring 123 until the notch 125' on one'of the projections 125 of the endiece disengages tom the tit 126. on one '0 the projections 126 at the enlar rear end of the breechbolt boring 118, partially, whereby the presure of the spring 123- forces said endiece out from the rear end of the'breechl out from the tubular rtion o thefiring us enablingit to be rotated' t, the sprin 123 slidespin and the carrier an firin pin are'easily removed from the breech-ho t. 7

When assembling the firearm, the rod 163 recoiling the receiver, whereby the breechbolt is unlocked through co-operating movements of the lever 129 and the carrier and the breech-bolt and said unit slides to the rear end ofthe .receiver,. being eas ly re-- moved therefrom. V y

When the rod 163 the assembled unit, and

are in their properpositions, the endiece 93 is then screwed into the rear end of e receiver 87 and the downwardly projecting lever 95 ofthe endiece' 93 is pressed inward on its especially a apted portion and snapped into the recess 96' in the groove 96 on theraceway 83, thus holding tlfieeparts in position. The rod 163 is then pu backward whereby the breech-. closing parts compress the" action spring until the bolt-stop holds-the breech-bolt in retracted 'tiou, a cartridge laid on top of the fol ower'138, the thumb-piece on the bolt-stop is then de ressedwhereby the aces'said unitorbreech tion spring 127 p closing partsforwardto the firing position, at the same time the cartridge into the barrel and.the"rifie is for firing.

lie

Dismounti'ng-of the firearmis as follows: First,theend-piece98 is'unscrewed by pressthe downwardly projecting lever 95 out o the recess 96' inthe groove 96 on the raceway 83 then rotating said lever which I rotates also the end-piece,- thus unscrewing it fromthe rear, end of the receiver... The rod 163 is heave-mums, 1

looking the breech-bolt 100 from the e ing screw threads 110 on the receiver an the action spring 127 together with the complete un ocked breech-closing parts slide to the rear end 'of the receiver and are easily removed. therefrom.

The barrel with receiver is then moved backward until its lugs 86 and 86 disen age from the corresponding lugs 85 and 85 on the raceway, whereby the barrel with re ceiver is then taken off theraceway. The scar 147 (laying freely in the channel por- .tion of the raceway) is then withdrawn therefrom, the raceway is then removed from the stock 80 after the screws 81 and 82 are disengaged therefrom, thus permitting an e removal of the lever 129 and the trigger 156 (which seldom needs be done).

t is to be noted that when the carrier reaches its forward position the shoulder 167 thereon is adjacent .the lug 166 on the rod 163 while the front edge thereof is closely adjacent the end of the lever 129 with the nose 129' on the latter closely adjacent the rear wall of the recess 128 in the receiver. Also it may be stated that when the carrier and breech-bolt are pushed forward, the engagement of the exterior projection 101 on. the carrier with the spiral portion 104 of the groove 103 causes the interior projection 102 to ride off the rounded notch 107 into the spiral slot 107 so that the breech-bolt is rotated to lock the same. As the breech-bolt is moved forward the stud 116 on the firing pin 112 engages the shoulder 148 on the sear head 148. r

The operation of the rifle is as follows:

It is assumed that the breech-bolt is closed with a cartridge in the barrel 88 and that the safeti device is not in operating position. 11 the. trigger 156 is pulled, the nose 162 thereon engages and lifts the rear end of the sear 147 which swings, first upon ceiverj ust' prior to the disengagement of the shoulder 148 from the firing pin. The front ridge 154 abuts always on the bottom of the receiver by means" of the sear head being held upward by thespring 149and by pulling of the tri ger 156, asjust set forth, the rear part of t e sear 147 is raised until the second ridge 155 abuts on the bottom of the receiver while-the sear head. 148 is depressed correspondingly, but still in engagement with the front-stud on the iii-1.2g pin, enoughto-permit afterwards 0 ya slight pressure on the .trigger 156 torelease the and fmntetud ofthefirmgpin. 'Ihcpnna so of this device is to am the new:

vice and to permit of very accurate fi'he pulling of the tri r, to depress the sear head, ensures a sli it additional movement of the trigger, w ich causes the nose 162 on the latter to slip off the heel 147 on the sear so that the latter is released to the action of the sprin 149 thereon. Also the engagement of the inclined surfaces 148 on the scar and 87" on the receiver cause the sear to move backward when the head is depressed, forcing the firing pin backward against its spring 123 so that when the shoulder 148' disengages from the stud 116 the resistance to the movement of the sear offered by the spring 123 ceases and the sear issnapped downward and backward.

The recoil of the explosion causes the barrel 88 with the receiver 87 to move backward a short distance (5 millimeter) together with the complete breech-closing parts in the receiver, the grooved lugs 86, 86 sliding in engagement with the lugs 85, on the raceway. As the barrel with receiver recoils, the screw threads 109 on. the breech-bolt arc interlocked with the'screw threads 110 on the receiver. The recoiling barrel with the receiver is then arrested by means of the downwardly projecting lever on the endpiece 93, the lowest part of the lever fitting into the recess 96' on the raceway. As the barrel with receiver recoils, the rearwardly facing wall of the recess 128 on the receiver engages the nose 129' on the accelerating lever 129, swinging the latter backward and by reason of the increased distance of the end 129' of the lever from the fulcrum point, it will be obvious that the end will move at an increased 5 and since this end is in engagement with the carrier 99 it is obvious that the latter will be moved backward n n the breech-bolt which is still held loc ed by the threads 109.

As the carrier moves backward on the breech-bolt, its interior projection 102 enthe rear wall of the spiral slot 107 in gages the breech-bolt, causing it tobe rotated in a direction to withdraw the threads on the breech-bolt'from the threads on the receiver.

Just as the threads are freed, the lug 134 on the receiver comes into registry with the longitudinal groove 100. in the .side of the reach-bolt. The breech-bolt, being thus unlocked, moves backward relatively to the receiver, and thelug 134 on the receiver engges the groove 100' and holds the breech- I t against rotation during its entire backward and forward movement. The initial movement of the carrier will have rotated the breech-bolt sufiiciently to bring the interior pro'ection 102 on the carrier to a int. adjacent t e rounded notch 107' on the out wall of the slot 107 and the exterior projectio'alOl to of the spit-cl per- -bolt is so proportioned with respect totheportionofthereceivertotherearof bolt has moved completely bacwe forward endof'thel 184 on the'recei is re e forward end of the mechond. as the breech-bolt moves back,

with it the empty shell which is by the hooked end of the extractor 'rimofthisshellstrikestheforward end of the lug 184 and the shellis thrown upward and to one side throlyh-the ejecting opening in the receiver, a resh cartri moving into lace and being pushed into e ban-e1 as the leech-bolt moves forward under the action of spring 127. As the breechbolt and carrier move forward, the action above described of the carrier and breechbolt is reversed and the breech-bolt is locked by the final forward movement of the carnor is above pointed out the sear 147' is immedia-tely for upward movement 12* 1' o te fi 'i fe t w e o I in th tngger all ws of a forward movement ofthetngge' rwhenthesearis again thrown forward y the forward moving receiver.

When the carrier starts to move -as above pointed out, it carries thefiring in 112back with'it (see Figures to 77) ;-.reason of the cut of the stud 11 the n rear wall of thecarrier. The rotation of the breech-bolt during this movementcausss the firingpintorotate also so ,'that the stud 116 rides in aspiral path acrossthe inclined face-of the searhead 148, the spinal edge 121 on the carrier with which the rear stud 117 engages, causing the firing pin to have an'increased movement over the carrier by riding up such edges tates. pletely back in the breech-bolt before the latas-thehfiring pin roter is unlocked and moves backward and forward in the breech-bolt in this retracted poaition so that when the breech-bolt moves forward again,-the shoulder 148' does not havetcreceivetheimpactofthepin when the breath-bolt reaches its forward position,

87' that when the breech- The above pointed out, causing Thefirmgpmisthus drawn com-- this im taken on the rear edge the car zifron i the rear stud 117 on the firingnpin. As the breech-bolt reaches its forw position, the front stud 116 is closely adjacent the shoulder 148' so that as the breech-bolt rotates to locking ition and the carrier moves away from t e rear stud -117, the front stud 116 engages the shoulder 148' on the sear without any impact or blow. It will be noted that the stud 116 first ennotch 148 and then sw' jacent such notch, as the to locking position.

As previously described, when it is desired to set 'the inin safety position, the rod 163 is pulled ackward a short distance. movement of the rod causes the carrier to move backward in unison therewith by reason of the engagement of the lug 166 with the shoulder 16 on the carrier. As the carrier moves backward it causes a rotative movement to be given the breech-bolt as the pin to rotate also andthe stud 116 to swing to one side of the notch 148 in the sear head 148 (see Figure 78). The rod 1 3 is then rotated about 100 degrees by swinging its handle upward, the arcuate lug 170 moving mto engagement with the shoulder 167 on the carrier. The rod is then pushed a slight distance forward, not however to its original forward position,until the detent 168 engages in the notch 173 in the rod 163 and the lug166 moves into the notch 172 in the guide 164. The rod is held against rotative movement in one'direction by means of the flange 163 on the rod, engaging the side of the receiver, and in the opposite direction by engagement of the lug 166'with the bottom wall of the notch 172 in the guide 164. With the regular army cartridge, the rifle works perfect as a self-loader both with or without fixed bayonet. With a cartridge having a powdercharge reduced to a minimum, the rifle would not operate as a selfloader, but as a hand-loader by means of the rod 163. In Figures 78 to 81 the diff'erent rotative positions of the breech-bolt 100 with relation to the carrier 99, and of the firing pin 112, which rotates with the breech-bolt, with relation to the sear 147 are indicated. Figure 78 shows the parts ton in position ready for firing, with the stud 116 on the firing pin-in juxtaposition with the notch 148' on the sear head 148. 'Figure 79 shows the parts with the safety device set with the breech-bolt partly rotated so as to move the stud 116 out of juxta ition to the notch 148. Figure 80 shows t e breechbolt rotated to unlocked position by the backward movement of the carrier; and Figure 81 shows the carrier as rotated by engagement with the spiral portion104 of the groove'103-in the receiver 7 the shoulder on the side away from the ition adreechltrotatespartially so as to aline the rejection 102 in the carrier with the roun ed notch 107" in the slot 107 in the breech-bolt. I

What I claim is as follows 1. In a recoil operated firearm, the combination with a stock, of a raceway fixedly attached thereto, a recoilable receiver upon said raceway, a breech-bolt carrier rotatable and slidable in said receiver, a breech-bolt upon said carrier, and means whereby upon recoil or the receiver the carrier is caused to impart rotative movement to the breechbolt and rotate itself upon the latter in a direction 0 posite to the direction ofrotation of the hreech-bolqincluding means carried by the raceway-to transmit the recoil of the receiver to said carrier.

2. In a recoil operated firearm, the combination with a stock, of a raceway fixedly attached thereto, a recoilable receiver upon said raceway, a breech-bolt carrier rotatable and slidable in said receiver, a breech-bolt upon said carrier means whereby upon recoil ofthe receiver the carrier is caused to im art rotative movement to the breech-bolt an rotate itself upon the latter in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the breech-bolt, said means including a lever pivoted to said raceway and actuated by said receiver upon recoil of the latter.

3. In a recoil operated firearm, the combination with astock of a raceway fixedly attached thereto, a recoilable receiver uponv said raceway, a breech-bolt carrier rotatable and slidable within said receiver, a breech- ,bolt upon said carrier and means carried by sai and operated by said receiver for causin by sai upon recoil upon recoilin of the latter an accelera motion of sai carrier and breech-bolt, and means for causing rotation of said carrier, duri%the sliding movement thereof.

4. a recoil op'eratedfirearm, the combination with a stock, of a raceway fixedly attached thereto, a recoilable receiver upon said raceway, a breech-bolt carrier rotatable and slidable within said receiver, a breechbolt upon said carrier and means carried raceway acting u n said carrier and operated by said'recelver for causin of the latter an accelerated motion of sai carrier and breech-bolt, said means including a lever pivoted to said raceway, and means for causing rotation of ,said carrier, during the sliding movement thereof.

5. In a recoil operated firearm, the combi-" nation with a stock, of a raceway'fixedly attached .thereto, a recoilable receiver upon said raceway having an interior groove comprising a spiral portion and a straight portion in a direction parallel to the longitudi axis of the receive;i said reraceway acting upon said carrier wi h iaterior mutilated screw threads, a breechbolt carrier having a fixed projection seat-- ed in said. ve, a breech-bolt upon said carrier rovided with exterior screw th adapted to meslf with the threads of said receiver, said breech-bolt having a spiral slot therein presenting a transverse wall at one end, 'an interior projection u 11 said car rier, engagin in the said spiral slot, and means carri by said raceway whereby the recoil of said receiver istransmitted to said carrier to cause said carrier to rotate said breech-bolt through the engagement of the said interior projection with the Wall of the said spiral slot and to rot-ate u on the breechbolt. through engagement 0 the said exterior projection with the spiral portion of the said groove in the receiver. 7

6. In a recoil operated firearm, the combination with astock, of a raceway fixedly at,- tached thereto, a recoilabl e receiver upon said raceway having an interior groove comprising a' spiral portion and straight portion I running in a direction parallel to thelongitudinal axis of the receiver, said receiver I in presenting a transverse wall at one end,

an interior rojection uponsaid carrier enin t 0 said spiral slot, and means carried by said race way whereby the recoil of said receiver is transmitted to said carrier to cause said carrier to rotate said breech-bolt through the engagement'of the 7 said breechit through engagement of the said exterior projection with the spiral rtion of the said groove in the receiver, sai means including a lever pivoted to said raceway.

7. In a recoil operated firearm, the com-. bination with a stock, ofa raceway fixedly attached thereto having a reces, a recoilable receiver upon said raceway, an end piece upon said receiver, a lever pivoted to said end-piece having its free-end seated insaid recess, and a spring between said end-piece and said lever.

8. Ina firearm, the combination with-a spioral slot and to 'rotate upon the Ill receiver, of a breech-closure slidably and ro I tatabl diqaosed therein, a firing pin withinsai breech-closure having a stud, a sear, 'having a -shoulder presenting high and low portions in a transverse' direction, said stud enga g, when the piece is eocked,thelower of saidshoulder, means for shifting and simultaneously rotating said closure and the'pin carried thereby whereby; said stud is brought into enga ment with ,the f higher of said shou der, and means llll ' thefirst ridge behind said shoulder to abut coo the receiver and a trigger acting upon the rear end of said sear for elevating said rear end whereb said sear turns first u n the first ridge be ind said shoulder and t en upon the second ridge. 10. n a firearm, the combination with a base late, of a trigger having a downward ting slot, a pivot pin extending sleeve causes said breech-bolt .to rotate in one direction unloc from said receiver, andwhereby forwa movement of said sleeve causes said breech-bolt to rotate in opposits direction, interlocking with said receiver.

13. In a recoil operated firearm, a stock, a raceway in said stock, a recoilable receiver u n said raceway, an accelerating lever pivoted at its lowest end in said raceway, the upper part of said'lever projecting into a recess in said receiver and being guided therein, a slidable and rotatable breech-bolt carrier in said receiver, a slidable and rotatable breech-bolt in said carrier and interlocked with said receiver, cooperating means 7.

1 through said slot and into said base plate, a carried by said carrier and receiver to cause slanting shoulder in front of said trigger, and a spring pressed pin u 11 said trigger normal] in engagement wit the uppermost point 0 theslanting side of said shoulder. 11. In a recoil operated firearm, a stock, a raceway fixedly attached thereto, a recoilable receiver on said raceway, a breechbolt carrier in the form of asleeve, a breechbolt front portion, said sleeve fitting snugly in said receiver and said rear portion 0 said breech-bolt fitting snugly -1n said sleeve, said reduced front portion of said breechbolt fitting snugly in a front portion of said receiver, cooperating tongue and groove devices in said receiver, sleeve and breech-bolt whereb said sleeve and said breech-bolt are ed and rotated during their longitud' movement in said receiver, means to cause said carrier to slide lon 'tudinally of said receiver upon recoiling o the latter, ting means carried by said carrier receiver to rotate said carrier, during its movement and said tongue and groove devices holding said sleeve an said breechbolt in their relative positions while sliding and rotating in said receiver.

12.Inarecoiloperatedfirearm,astock, a raceway fixedly attached thereto, a recoilable receiver on'said raeewa having a groove, a breech-bolt carrierin e form of a aleeve'and slidable and rotatable in said receiver, said sleeve having an exterior lug adaptedtoe said ve in saidreceiver and slide erein w reby said sleeve 'is guided by its longitudinal movement in receiver, means to cause said carrier to slide longitudinally of said receiver upon reco carried y said carrier and receiver torotats said carrier, during its sliding movement breech-bolt having a and said sleeve ha also an interior log,

a slidable and rotatab e breech-bolt in said a rear portion and a reducedof the latter, cooperating means rotation of said carrier when it slides longitudinally of said receiver, said accelerating lever being in engagement with said receiver and said carrier whereby backward movement of said'receiver causes said breech-bolt to unlock' from said receiver through cooperating movements of said accelerating lever, carrier and breech-bolt.

v a raceway in said stock, a recoilable receiver upon said raceway, an accelerating lever of curved shape pivoted at its lowest and in said raceway, its upper part projecting into a in said receiver and bein guided therein, a slidable and-rotatable breech-bolt carrier in said receiver, the upper front part of said accelerating lever be ng in engagement. with said carrier and the lower rear part of said lever being in enga ment with said receiver whereby backwa movement of said receiver causes said lever to swi with progressive acceleratin velocity ahd we said carrier an increa speed during its backward movement, cooperating means carried by said carrier and receiver to cause rotation of said carrier when it slides lpngitudinally of said receiver. v

15. In areooil operated firearm, a stock,

ceiver having a longitu nally swinging lever pivoted'therein and'be' iii-engagement with the said raceway an preventing suflicient movement 0 said 170- ceiverto it fromthesaidracewa and a p element on said en vent of said saidreceiver.

a raceway in said-,stock, said racewayhava at its upper rear part, a receiver s l iiable on said raceway, coeoperating mem- 14. In a recoil operated firearm, a stoc a raceway in said stock, a receiver slidable memberson,

interlocking with said raceway to pre-. end-piece v 16. In'arecoil operated firearm, a stoclr,

in said spiral receiver where hers on said raceway and receiver holding said receiver on said raceway, said members beingadapted to disen upon sufiicient rearward movement of receiver on said raceway, and a removable-end-piece on said receiver having a downward] projecting lever pivoted at its upper en in the rear part of said end-piece, said lever havi a portion, formi a thumb-piece ada to press said lever inwardly, said lever aving also a rojection at its lower end, fitting into sai recess in said raceway, a spring between said end-piece and said lever holding said lever and said end- 'ece apart and interlockin said lever wi h said raceway, to prevent isengaging movement of said endpiece from sa d receiver, said spri p element serving to cushion the recoil of said receiver and barrel, and said spring, carried in the lower part of said lever servin to push said recoiled receiver with forward again.

17. In a recoil operated firearm, a racerrel way, a receiver upon said raceway having a groove comprisin a straight portion an a spiral portion, a reech-bolt carrier in said receiver having an exterior lug H said igove in said receiver, said carrier ing a an interior lug, a breech-bolt in said carrier and said receiver having a s iral slot and a notch in said s iral slot ad pted to engage said interior ug in said carrier, means for "causing longitudinal movement of said carrier upon the recoil of'said receiver and means whereby backward movement of said carrier causes said exterior lug to slide portion of said groove-in said y said carrier is rotated upon said breech-bolt, said interior lu sliding in said spiral slot in said breech-b0 t and said interior lug in said carrier engziging said notch in said spiral slot in said reec -bolt. 18. In a recoil operated firearmL: raceway, a receiver upon said raceway- Y a groove comp a straight portion an a spiral portion, a reech-bolt carrier in said receiver having an exterior lug engaging said groove'in said receiver," said carrier having an interior lug 'and'a rear edge,

adapted to engage said interior lu .whereby sai a breech-bolt in said carrier andsaid receiver having a spiral slot and a notch in said carrier, a firin pin in said breechlt havin a rear stu engaging said rear edge on said carrier, a main sprin locked in said firing pin, means for causing longitudinal movement of said carrier upon the recoil of said receiver and means whereby backward movement of said carrier causes said exterior lug to slide in said spiral portion of said groove in said receiver whereb said carrier is rotated upon said breech-b0 t said interior lug sliding in said spiral slot in said breech-bolt and said interior lug in said carrier engaging said notch in said spiral slot, locked main spring in said firing pin is compressed and causing said interior lug to bear yieldingly in ..sa1d-notch, thereby holding said carrier and said breechbolt against rotary displacement.

19. In a recoil operated firearm, a stock, a channeled raceway in said stock, a partially inwardly channeled 'sear slidable in said raceway, said sear having at its rear end 'a downwardly extending arcuate heel, a 1 trigger pivoted in said raceway having at its rear part a cam nose, adapted to engage said arcuate heel on said sear, said trigger having also a downwardl slanting slot, a pivot pin extending throug said slot, said trigger aving also a forwardly extending and upwardly curved finger at its front art, adapted to bear against the bottom 0 said laceway, and a spring pressed'pin in its head,-

adapted to swingsald trigger around by releasing it whereby said cam nose moves downward, said forwardly extending and upwardly curved finger bearing against the bottom of said raceway and limiting the downward movement of. said cam nose, whereby the front end of said downwardly slanting slot in said trigger en said pivot pin, extending through sai 0t, and means, whereby pullin of said trigger causes said cam nose to isengage. from said ll arcuate heel on said sear.

RUDOLF RYCHIGEB.

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