USRE15039E - William a - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. FAIBIBURN, OF MOBRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO THE DIAMOND MATCH COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,- A CORPORATION" OF ILLINOIS.

COMPOSITION FOR MATCH-HEADS.

15,039. No Drawing. Original To all'whomitma concern Be it known t at 1, WILLIAM A. FAIR- BURN, a resident of Morristown, in the county of Morris and State of New Jersey formerly of Short Hills, in the county 0 Essex and said State, "have inventedcertain new and-useful Improvements inComposi-' of which the -foltions for Match-Heads, lowing is a specification. This invention relates to compositions for match heads, and more especially to a comosition of matter for the main head or bulb of double-dipped matches; that is to say, matches whereof the head comprises a first dip or bulb which is ignitible by flame and not by rubbing friction, and a second dip or prlming tip which is ignitible by rubbing friction.

The object of my invention is the provision of a match composition having quickdrying and high-heating properties, whereby economy in the manufacture of the matches is attained, whereby ready-ignition of'the composition by the flame from the priming tip or second dip is effected, and whereby quick-transmission of the fire from the composition to the match splint is insured.

Broadly considered .my invention comprises a match composition having as an ingredient a mixture of a metal (or an alloy) and a .metallic oxid which, when ignited, mutually react and liberate a large amountof heat.

Among the metals that may be used are finely divided aluminum and magnesium; among the alloys that may be used. in lieu of a metal are calcium silicon alloy, magnesium aluminum alloy, and calcium aluminum alloy, and among the metallic oxids that may be used are ferroso-ferric oxid; ferric oxid manganoso-man'ganic oxid, manganese dioxld; chromic oxid; vanadium pentoxid, and nickelic oxid.

An efiicient ty duct commercial y ical mixture is the proknownv as thermit which comprisesvv finel divided aluminum and magnetic oxi of iron 40%.

' Another mixture which may also be advantageously used is the product commercially known as Jensen mixture, which comprises magnesium 15%, silicon 10% and mag-.jitlfi oxid of iron 7 5%.

Specification of Relssued Letters Patent. R i 1921.

No. 1,360,283, dated November 30, 1920, Serial No. 54,310, fi1ed October 6, 1915.- Application for reissue filed January 3, 1921. Serial No. 435,775.

Another mixture which well fulfils the requirements of my invention comprises calcium silicon alloy 30% and magnetic oxid of iron i In preparing my improved'match compo- SltlOIl the amount of theusual oxidizing agent, such, for example, as chlorate of potash, ordinarily employed in match composltions is reduced, and a suitable proportion of a mixture of the character mentioned is added; the whole being intimately mixed with the other components of the composit1on and made into an aqueous paste of a consistency suitable for match heads.

A specific illustration of the constituent parts, by embodylng my invention is as follows:

Thermit 5 parts; potassium chlorate 15- and flaming material 9 parts; combustible parts; filler 18 parts, and binder 8 parts.

The thermit, or equivalent mixture, may be incorporated with an oxidizing agent or agents other than potassium chlorate, such, for example. as barium chlorate or sodium chlorate, or a mixture of chlorates.

It will be noted that the meta-ls mentioned -in each of the examples are such as will reduce the oxids mentioned, 2'. 6., aluminum weight, of a typical composition will reduce iron oxids (magnetic oxid).

This is due to the fact that the heat of formation of aluminum oxid is greater than the heat of formation of magnetic iron oxid.

A mixture of metallic iron and aluminum oxid would not react to produce heat. The reaction -3Fe O,-}8Al:4Al O,+9F is a strongly exothermic reaction, and is an example of the reactions taking place in the use of my invention. In the mixture of metals (or alloys) and oxide which I use, the metal used in thefree state is one which gives an oxid having a mation than the oxid employed.

By my improved composition above described match heads are produced which areignited by the flame instantly and smoothly they immediately ath temperature upon 1* In the appended claims, the term metal 3. A match head having as an essential is intendedto cover single metals and also constituent thereof, a mixture comprising 15 alloys. i aluminumand magnetic iron oxid.

I claim 4. A match head composition'including a 1. A match head having as an ingredient mixture of metallic aluminum, ironoxid, thereof, a mixture comprising a magnetic potassium chlorate, combustible and flaming iron oxid and a metal Whose normal oxid has material, a filler and a binder, substantially 2( a heat of-formation greater than that Of as described. magnetic iron oxid. Signed at New York. in the county and- 2. A match head having as an ingredient State of New -York, thls 13th day of .Dethereof, 'a mixture comprising aluminum member, A. D, 1920 and a metal oxid of which the heat of formation is lower than that of aluminum oxid. WILLIAM A. FA IRBURN.