USRE1387E - Improvement in looms - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES ALEXANDER FREY, OF NEVY YORK, N. Y.

. IMPROVEMENT IN Looms.

' Specification forming part of-Letters Patent-No. 32,245, dated May January 20, 1863.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER FEEY, ot' the city, county, and State of N ew York, have invented a new and useful Improvementvin Looms; and I do-hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the aecompanyiiig drawings, forminga part of this speeiieation, in Whieh- Figure lrepresents a longitudinal Vertical seetion of my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same.

r guides, in combination with a loom, in such a manner that the warp is led directly from spools or eobs into and through .the loom, and that iu ease a thread breaks it can be drawn in 'and tied, independent of the other threads and without being subjected to an injurious strain. n

lt consists, further, in the -application at the front and rear of the loom of pressing or luted rollers eonneetedtogether by chains, or any other equivalent means, so as to move in exact uniformity and arranged in place of the let-oli' and take-up rollers of ordinary looms, the warp and woven cloth or fabrie being passed around and between these rollers in such a manner that bythe aetionv of said rollers a uniform strain is exerted on the material, and in consequence therefrom the desired uniformity in the Weaving' operation is effected.

The invention consists also in the employnient ol' a peculiar device for driving the shuttle.

To enable others skilled in ythe art to make and use my invention, fl will proceed to describe it with reference to the drawings.

The frame ot' my loom is made ot' castiron or any other suitablematerial of sullieicntV strength and durability to sustain the several Workin g parts ol" the mechanism required for weaving. A plate, u, ot' wood or sheet metal 7, 1861; Reissue No. 1,387, dated is secured to the floor on the rear ot' the frame, as clearly shown iu Fig. 1 ofthe drawings, and this plate is perforated with any desired number of holes to receive spools or eobs containing the threads of which the warp is to be composed. This plate should stand slightly inclined, andthe holes in the same are arranged in regular ranges or rows, and the threads on runningfrom the eobs pass through suitable loops or guides, so that the same unwind evenly. Before the threads enter the loom.,they pass over or through a guideplate, b, Whiehis either provided with one oi." more ranges of holes or reeds, so that eaeh single thread, or two, or .any desired number of threads, can be passed through a separate hole, and the threads are thereby kept sepa rate to any desired extent, so thatfit'one of them should break during the operation of weaving it can easily be detected and the ends tied together.

In ordinary looms the warp -is wound upon the beam, and thence it passes iu mass through stretched sutlieiently for tyin lVith -my improvement each single thread of the warp can be drawn in as mueh as. desired without having any effect on its fibers or strength, and the ends ot' a broken thread the loom, and if anv thread breaks it has to be -can be tied together and the operation el' Weaving proceeded with without trouble, with little loss of` time, and without in inring the texture or durability ot' the fabi-ie.

From the guideplate l1, which retains the several warp-threadsvin the desired relative position toward oaeh other, said threzuls pass through between the pair of guide-rollers c; o1" these rollers can be dispensed with andthe Warp passed directly `from the `guide-plate through theV let oft rollers d (l. These rollers may be lluted and covered with l'loth or :in v other suitable substance capable ol' exerting a firm hohl ou the warp-threads. The thread is passed under the lowest andhrough be tween the two rollers d d, and thence through the sizing apparatus, which is situated between the let-oil' rollers and the heddles. This apparatus consists ot' two guido-rollers, "a r, anda roller, n', in the sizing-trough l2, and a spindles or carriers of -the sizing apparatus w', and

vof the pair of takeup rollers g io'zl'ers into the box or receptacle h. l

r1`hev take-up rollers g gare made 'similar to" the let off rollers d d. pair is set holes in the cross-piece journ al-boxes corresponding amount.

roller, fw, over which the heddles. The roller w should be covered with cloth to wipe oi any surplus size, and a brush may be applied above and' finish the same. The position -of this brush is indicated by a dotted circle in Fig. 1; or the thread maybe passed through between two brushes, so that itis perfectly dressed be; fore-it cornes to the heddles. In passing from the thread is exposed to the action of a fan, to which motion is im parted 'through the action of the gear-wheel which causes a currentof air to pass through drying the same.v w 0n leaving the heddles Vthe woven fabric passes over the breast-beam .6, descends beneath guide-roller, j', over the upper roller g. thence between the saine and out below said take-up Th e upper roller ot'each in rigid bearings and provided with chain-wheelsl 1 and an lendless chain, that a uniform motion of said rollers is insured. The lower roller of each pair is mounted-in yielding oradjustable bearings, which are formed upon the cross-bar or yoke i, in the center of which is a screw and nut, 3, by which said cross-bar is attached to 'a cross-piece of the frame kfand also adjusted so as topress .the rollers Vto each other more or less. Studs 4 4 pass from the yoke 'i into of the frame by which the yoke and lowerl roller are guided, and

thread passes to the l are caused tofinoye in the threads to revolve A the warpthreads for the purpose of exactly the correct position, and `are not subject to the yibrationendwise, as ordinary heddles. n

`The lay q is secured to the supports q and driven in the usual manner, either by cams on. theshaft lor by cranks on'the secondary shaft r. These shafts l and r are cour ected by the gear-wheels fr. V The lay is to be provided with'reeds as usnahands s are the shut-tyleboxes at the ends ofthe lay. shuttle-drivers sliding on a rod as usual, except that each shuttle-driver is a' stud, 7, that projects throughahole in the4 *t end of .the box, when the shuttle is vthrown into the box and carries the shuttle-driver to the end thereof. This projecting stud-is acted upon by the swinging driver t, from which a i, pendent stud, S, descends, to be taken by the i lever u beneath the lay. This leverjs secured l on afnlcrumpin, 9, and itis provided with an i'arm, 11, that is acted upon by the opposite points on the shaft, l Z revolving once to two vibrations of the lay, l the shuttle is thrown from the alternate boxes as follows As the lay approaches `the terl mination of its backward movement, the cam l Al() strikes the arm 11 ofthe lever u, that causes i the other end of said lever to move the swing- 1 ing driver t suddenly and powerfully, which,

taking the stud 7, projects the shuttledriver and shuttle, giving lmomentum to cause the stud 7 to throw back "the, swingingdrivert on the opposite end of V the lay, ready to be acted upon by its lever 'u i to send the shuttle back, as before.

rEhe amount of cloth or otluerfabric made spiral springs around these studs force the upon `the -loom is registered by the wheel y,

the surfaces of theupper rollers. and springs may, however,

' yokes with the lower rollers upward against upon which are ratchet-teeth, acted on by the These yokes pawl 15, that is moved y he dispensed with lever yf, said lever receiving motion fromthe by the link 16 of the and replaced by setscrewsacting on the' link 17, attached to a crank-pin on the axis of l ofthe lower rollers. f The surface of the rollers prevents the threads or woven fabric slipping through-between said l rollers, and as the weaving progresses and the lay beats the filling up to a certain position each blow the warp is drawn along a The let-od rollers are thereby turned and also the takeup rollers inoved correspondingly, so that the warp and fabric are kept at the proper tension and the uniformity ofthe weaving is insured.

the roller 9,', and 13 is astoppawl, and 14 an i intleX. i

The roller gis of such circumference that the wheel y will indicate correctly the number of yards passing through said rollers q g. By these improvements the operation of spooling i and warping can b'cdispensed with,the warpthreads being passed into and through the loom directlyv fromthe cobs, and during the i operation of weaving auniform tension of the warp and woven fabric is insured andV a fabric The main shaftl l of the loom is supported i of uniform texture is produced.

by bearings in the frame as usual, and rotated .by competent power, and cams m lm, secured to this shaft, action the foot-levers a a and impart motion the -iii'ddlelframes o o. These frames are fitted 'in slides o .-o upon and rising above the main frame, and springs p p draw the heddleframes upward and' keep the foot-levers n vnltoathe cams mm. By fitting the heddie i'raiiies" o so as to' move ir slides,

Vas shown, theheddles which are to'beinserted in` these frames in any usual manner,

v What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The arrangement of the plate a,carrying i the spools or cobs, in combination with threadguides and with the lotoiii' rollers of a loom, constructed and operating substantiallyv as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

2. The combination of the plate a with the guide plate b, applied to a loom, substantially in the manner and for the purposespecied.

lv6 6 are the provided with `the cam 1Q ati and theshaft to the latter the necessary 3. .The arrangement of they rollers d d g g, 4. The arrangement of the drivers t and twoor more at the front and two or more at; levers u, acted upon by the 'cams-10, substanthe rear of a 100m, connected together by an tially in: the manner and for the purposes endless Ychain or.its equiva1ent1,'or Vwithout; specified. snohland causing the Warp-threads and the fabric to progress regularly througlithe loom Witnesses: as themeving s-pex-tprlned, substantially in.l LAMARE ALZE,

the mannerhereiu set'forth. FABRE LEETOR.

A. -FREY.

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