USRE13590E - Bkiqttet and process op making the same - Google Patents

Description

augmenting binder ing binder,

BLAKE E. GAMBLE, OF BOWMANSDALE, PENNSYLVANIA.

rumour A'ND rnoonss or MAKING THE SAME.

No Drawing. Original No. 1,047,198, dated December 17,

filed June 11, 1913.

. I '0 all whom it'may concern:

, derstood in this art, it is equally well adapted for the briqueting of iron and other ores, and other equivalent materials.

One object of the invention is the production of a hard and solid water-proof artificial fuel, in which the predominating 1ngredient is a comminuted carbonaceous material of a character depending upon the locality of its origin, there being a combustiblecoking and adhesive binder individually coating each granule, while surrounding each coated granule is an augmenting binder composed of an impervious adhesive, which also displaces any deficiency of volatile gases in the carbonaceous material, the

being held against running during burning by the first binder, and producing in the finished briquet an impervious briqueted fuel. To this end, the following materials are used, that 'is comminuted coal, either anthracite, bituminous, semi-anthracite, semi-bitum us, and calms of any and all combinations of the above, peat, lignite, or in fact any combination of these carbonaceous materials.

It has been found that a slight amount of moisture should be retained in the carbonacoous material, such amount being slightly above the normal moisture retained under atmospheric conditions, the same assisting in the cohesion thereto of the first or cokwhich is preferably sulfite liquor neutralized by analkali, such alkali being preferably caustic soda. This neutralized liquor is preci atedin any well known process. This binder 'is-thoroughly mixed with the ca onaceous material to individually coat the granules thereof, and after such coating,

- Specification of Reissued .etters Patent.

the mass is placed in a super- Reissued July 8, 1913.

1912, Serial No. 716,550. Application for reissue Serial No. 772,961.

heater with the augmenting binder, such as a. mineral pitch, preferably a coal tar pitch, asph altum, or in fact any product having the necessary qualities and readily accessible to the locality in which the fuel is made.

During the heating and coating of the already coated granules, moisture in the form of vapor, steam or sprayed water is supplied, and this moisture is to prevent brittleness in the augmenting binder, so that when the final mass is briqueted, a compact hard homogeneous, not too brittle, and yet impervious fuel is the result.

The preferred'amount of the various materials used will vary according to the carbonaceous material, anthracite coal requir .ing less moisture and a lesser quantity of the 'bll'ldel and augmenting binder, while peat, or lignite and any combination, being a greater absorbent of moisture than anthracite coal will require a greater amount. These proportions have been found to vary as follows:carbonaceous material, 83 to 99 per cent; primary binder, to 7 per cent; and augmenting binder, 4; to 10 per cent.

The process of forming the briquet is as follows :-The carbonaceous material is reduced or comminuted to the preferred granule, and according to the amount of moisture desired retained, the same is dried.'

After the necessary desiccation, the first binder is thoroughly mixed to provide a coating around each individual granule of the carbonaceous material, the slight or necessary amount of moisture retained in the material, assisting in the cohesion of the binder. subjected to' heat and during such subjection, the second or augmenting binder is thoroughly mixed or commingled with the already coated granules, this augmenting binder forming a second coating about the granules. WVhile the materials are being heated, moisture is supplied by foaming with the mass, or spraying vapor, steam or water, this moisture preventing brittleness in the augmenting binder and assisting the same in providing a slightly pliable impervious binder for the fuel. This double coated granuled mass is now subjected to pressure in a briquetingmachine and formed intobriquetsi The thus coated granules are now for instance as coal tar The mineral pitch, or augmenting binder acts as a medium to, prevent exterior moisture afi'ecting the fuel that tends to cause disintegration, and also being a combustible material supplies any of the deficiencies" of volatile matters lost from the carbonaceous left in the open material which. often being slakes and from the other causes loses its natural volatile and combustible gases.

As before stated, the first binder is preferablv sulfite liquor neutralized by an alkali, and formed into What is known as sulfite pitch. The augmenting binder employedis preferably a mineral pit-ch, or any one of the following, either singly or combinedly, such pitch, common asphaltum pitch, coal and gas tar pitches, and other pitches of a mineral nature.

The heat required has been found to range from 50 to 700 degrees Fahr., depending upon the melting point of the pitch en1- ployed.

Regarding the amount of pressure necessary to produce the briqueted fuel, it has been founl that according to the nature of the carbonaceous material. such pressure will vary from 1.000 to 26,000 pounds to the square inclnthe softer more absorbent material requiring the greatest to produce a dense mass.

The herein-described process can be employed in the artificial agglomerating of pulverized minerals and ores of all kinds, such as iron and other ores, as Well as fuels.

l/Vhat is claimed, 'is:-

1. An artificial agglomerate, composed of comminuted and desiccated mineral material; an inner coating for the granules thereof composed of a tough elastic and adhesive binder; and an outer coating for the granules of an impervious combustible augmenting binder material, the first binder under burning conditions holding the augmenting binder against running.

2. An artificial fuel, Ininuted and desiccated rial; an inner coating thereof composed of a tough elastic and adhesive binder; and an outer coating for the granules of an impervious combustible augmenting binder rhateriahthe first binder under burning conditions holding the augmenting binder against running.

3. An artificial fuel; composed of comminutedand desiccated carbonaceous material; an inner coating for the granules thereof composed of a coking adhesive binder: and an outer coating for the granules of an impervious combustible material forming an augmenting binder and replacing the deficiencies of volatile matter in carbonaceous matefor the granules composed of com- 1 the carbonaceous material to assist combiu time. c

at. An artificial fuel, composed of comdesiccated carbonaceous mateminuted and uetin consisting in ning by the primary rial; an agglutinative impervious and volatile gassupplying binder; and a combustible and coking binder, the latter holding the former binder against running during the burning of the fuel.

5. An artificial fuel, composed of comminuted and desiccated carbonaceous mate rial; an adhesive binder coating individually the granules thereof; and a mineral pitch formingan outer coating for the granules, the first binder assisting in the coking of the fuel and preventing the running of the pitch during the burning of the fuel.

6. The herein described process of brimixing with cornminuted and properly desiccated material a combustible hinder to individually coat the granules of the material; heating and during the heating of the mass commingling therewith an impervious adhesive augmenting binder to form a protecting coating for the first coating; and then subjecting the granules to pressure to form briquets.

7. The herein described process of making artificial fuel, consisting in mixing with comminuted and properly desiccated carbonaceous material. a combustible and coking binder to individually coat the granules of the carbonaceous material; heating and during heating of the mass commingling therewith an impervious adhesive augmenting binder to form at protecting coating for the first coating; and then subjecting the granules to pressure to form briquets.

8. The herein described process of male ing artificial fuel,consisti.ng in mixing with comminuted and properlv desiccated carbonaceous material, an adhesive of a. combustible and coking nature to form a binder and a primary coating for the granules of carbonaceous material; heating and moistening the coated granules and simultaneously mixing therewith an augmenting binder of an impervious, combustible and adhesive nature; and then subjecting the granules to pressure to form briq'uets.

9. The herein described process of making artificial fueLcbnsisting in mixing with comminuted carbonaceous material a neutralized sulfite liquor to form a primary and coking binder: heating the same and simul taneously mixing with the mass an impervious combustible adhesive binder which protects the primarv binder from the exterior air and is itself protected against runbinder during the burning of the fuel; and then subjecting the materials to pressure to form briquets.

10. A step in the art of briqueting, consisting in coating the individual granules of comminuted material With a combustible adhesive, and individually coating such cpatedmgranules with an impervious combustible augmenting binder.

11. A step in the art of briqa'eting fuel,

' consisting in coating the individual granules my own, I have hereto affixed my signature of comminutedoarbonaceous material with in the presence of two witnesses. a'combustible coking adheslve, and individually coating such coated granules with BLAKE GAMBLE an impervious combustible augmenting Witnesses: binder and volatile gas applyin agent. SELINA WILLSON,

In testimony that I claim the %oregoing as W. H. C. CLARKE.

Copies of, this patent may be obtaineu ror five cents each, by addressing the l'loinmissioner of P atents,

. Washington, D. G,