USRE13323E - Lantern - Google Patents

Description

w. s. HAMM. LANTERN;

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 20, 1911.

Reissued Nov. 28, 1911.

W. S. HAMM.

LANTERN.

APPL'IOATION FILED H1120, 1911.

Reissued Nov. 28, 1911.

1 messes To all whom may concern:

view cap; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same part diameters, t

v UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

WILLIAM S. HAMM, OF HUBBARD WOODS, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE ADAMS & WESTLAKE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

LANTERN.

Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. Rpigsued Now, 28, 1911.

Original No. 910,878, dated January 28, 1909, Serial No. 397,012. Original Reissue No. 12,995, dated July 27, 1909, Serial No. 500,781. Application for this reissue filed February 20, 1911.

Be it known that I, \VILLIAM S. HAMM, a

,citizen of the United States, and resident of Hubbard 'Woods, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lanterns, of which the following is a specification, and which are illustrated in the accompanying drawin s, forming a part thereof.

he invention relates to. lanterns especially adapted for the use of trainmen, and has for its object the improvement of the ventilating dome of lanterns of this general type; and it consists in the structure herein-- after described, and which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a lantern, partly in vertical section; Fig. 2 is a plan of the globe-holder and ventilating showing a modified form of construction, a portion being broken away; F1 4 1s a sectional view on the line 4-4 of 1 ig. 3; Figs.

, 5 and 6 are perspective views of the battle plates shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 7 is a perspective of a modified form of battle late; and Fig. 8 is a vertical central section of the lamp.

The lantern comprises a base ring 10 withv in which the font may be seated, a dome 11 having at its base an annular flange 12, a globe 13 interposed between the base ring and the dome, a guard-frame 14 shown as r of wire and serving to unite the base ring and dome, and a bail 15.

The u per end of the globe 13 is engaged by a glo e-holding cap 16, annular in form and. having at its upper end an instanding and upwardly-inclined flange 17, taking the form of a truncated cone and being centrally apertured' to permit the egress of vapors from within the globe.

The external diameter of the 'cap 16 is slightly less than the internal diameter of the dome 11 within which it loosely fits and slides vertically An expansion coiled spring 18 reacts between the top of the cap and the top of the dome to force the cap downwardly upon the globe, the upper end of which enters within the cap.

In the construction of Figs. 1 and 2 a pair of battle plates 19, 20, is located within the cap 16, on'e late on each side of one of its e two plates being set sothat Serial No. 609,846.

they incline toward each other from below upwardly, and they are preferably held in place by means of lugs 21, 22, formed on their ends and projecting through suitable slots cut in the cap flange 17, andbeing then turned downwardly against the surface of the flange.

In order to retain the cap within the dome a pair of fingers 23, 24, depend from the top of the dome 11, their lower ends being bent to hook form, as shown at 25, 26, to loosely engage the plates 19, 20. The fingers 23, 24, are of spring metal, and as the cap 16 is pushed upwardly they bend outwardly under the influence of the plates 19, 20, which slide freely within their book portions.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, there are present fourbaflle plates 27, 28. 29 and 30, arranged in two pairs set at right angles each to the other, one pair of plates being slotted from their upper edges obliquely ward from their lower edges, as shown at 32, in order that the two sets may be fitted together. Each of these plates 18 provided at its ends with lugs 33, 34. adapted to enter suitable slots in the cap flange 17 and to be overturned to secure the plates Within the cap.

If preferred a pair of battle plates, as 35, 36, maybe stamped up out of a single. plate of metal, in that case being united at their endsbv web portions 37 38, from which may be stampedfup lugs 39, 40, for securing the plates within the cap flange.

The lower end of the cap 16 proj ects below the lower end of the dome 11. this projecting portion being provided with an annularly arranged series of apertures 41 to permit an -inflow of air. The side walls of the dome 11 are perforated above the cap 16, as shown at 42,453 permit the escape of vapors from the interior of the lantern, and the base ring 10 is apertured, as shown at 43, to admit air to maintain combustion.

Great difliculty has been encountered in providing a lantern for railway service within which there may be maintained a substantially uniform flame under the widely diverse conditions encountered. The lantern is sometimes used within a car where there are no drafts; is sometimes carried in such a way that it is subjected to very slight downward, as shown at. 31. and I the other pair being slotted obliquely. up-.

drafts; sometimes lit is exposedto a breeze of very high velocity, owingnot only to the movement of the air but to the movement of the train in a direction opposite to'that from which the wind is blowing; and it is also SllbJGCtGd to severe tests in signaling, involving rapid changes of angular osition with reference to the vertical,- and w en carried on the top of a rapidly moving train may be inclined forward owing to the stooping posture of the user. It is ound in practice that a lantern which will endure the ac- 'tion of a high wind may have its flame smothered when there is no external movement of air, and again, unless properly made, the light may be extinguished by the action of slowly moving air currents, al-

though it will be maintained either in a high Wind or when there is no movement of air whatever. i

To insure good combustion when the wind is not blowing, the dome must be well ventilated to permit the vapors to freely escape.

This ventilation, however, permits the air to enter the dome freely when the wlnd'is blowing, and these air currents may elther blow out the light or check the outflow of vapors and thus smother it.

In the lantern here shown and described, air currents entering the apertures 42 at an angle to the baflie plates are prevented by the latter from being directed downwardly upon the flame, but, striking the outer face of the first of these battle platesto beencountered, will be broken up and deflected upwardly, or downwardly along the inner surface of the globe l3 and thus away from the flame. These downwardly-directed currents will reach the flame laterally and stimulate combustion, and will also'tend to force the vapors upwardlv at the opposite side of the globe. The baflie plates being substantially edgcwise to. the direction of the upward movement of the vapors, present practically no obstacle to their free egress, even when the draft is not thus stimulated, as

,from whichever direction they may enter the dome. The apertures 41 in the lower portion of the walls of the cap 16 permit air to enter from without, and when there are no pronounced air currents such inflow is stimulated by. the upwardly-moving vapors and tends to reduce their temperature and consequently to retard their movement, and also to prevent the upper end of the globe and the' dome from becoming unduly heated.

.Asthese" apertures are located under and are protected by the flange 12, there Wlll be. but slight increase in the inflow of air by reason of wind pressure, but, on the contrary, some of the air entering through the dome apertures, and belng deflected downwardly and outwardly by the battle plates,

.'s1gnal universally employed on railroads for the backing of a train, the air currents appear to be reversed, the air entering at the top and moving downwardly. This movement carries downwardly upon the flame the vitiated' air and causes it to die down or lose its vitality, and if themovement is continued for a considerable time the flame may be entirely extinguishedf This signal is usually followed by another in which the lantern is swung to and .fro in aflubstantially vertical plane, and may be given a rapid motion, this being the signal universa ly employed for stopping the train. If, when this stopping signal is given, the flame is weakit is apt to be entirely extinguished. This dimming and extinguishing of the flame is, of course, due to the absence of oxygen. By perforating the globe-holding cap at its lower end to permit the ingress of air below the dome, this tendenc to weaken the flame is decreased-oy bringing to it quickly a supply of air from above, and the danger of extinguishing the flame in the manner above described is entirely overcome. 1

I am aware that so-called tubular lanterns, in which the air for supporting .combustion is introduced into lantern and into a chamber therein separated from the combustion chamber except by the outlet for the flaurc, and in which the burner is covered by a shield or dome having imperforatc walls and slotted across its top to accommodate the flame, have been provided with a series of ports immediately above the septum separating the air chamber in the base from the flame chamber, and with a series of ports in the base of the dome of the lantern and immediately above the globe, as exemplified in the patent to lletts, No. 920,815, issued May 4th, [909.

l do not, therefore, broadly claim a lantern having air ports at the top and bottom of the globe. in the tubular lanterns the con ditions affecting lanterns ot' the type herein described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, as hcreinbol'orc set forth, are not encountered for the reason that. any motion of the lantern which tends to reverse the air currents within its body will have the tendency to accelerate the flow of air downwardly through the tubes and hence to stimulate the combustion. -Furthermore, in a tubular lantern any air which may enter the the base of the ports at the upper end of the globe has no effect in supporting combustion, for the reason not only that it is adequately sustained by the air supplied to the tubes, but the burner is inclosed by the dome with impe orate walls and therefore not accessible to air currents from above. In a tubular lantern, in so far as the supplemental ports at the base of the globe and above the air chamber serve any useful purpose under the conditions as hereinbefore recited, it is merely for the escape of the products of combustion, the outflow of which through the dome of the lantern may be retarded in the giving of signals:

I claim as my invention 1. In a lantern, in-combi nation, a' body, a dome above the body, and open thereto, and battle plates crossing the interior of the base of the dome and being inclined outwardly from the axis thereof from above.

2. In a lantern, in combinatio'h, a body, a dome above the body and open thereto, and baflle plates located within the dome and on opposite sides of its vertical axis and being inclined outwardly and downwardly;

3. In a lantern, in combination, a body, a dome above the body and open thereto, and battle plates within the dome and arranged in pairs at angles to each other, the members of each pair being on opposite sides of the vertical axis of the dome and being inclined outwardly and downwardly.

4. In a lantern, in combination, a body, a dome above the body and open thereto, a globe-holding cap slidable within the dome and having an instanding flange at its upper end, and battle plates crossing the interior of the cap and being inclined downwardly and outwardly.

In alantern, in combination, a body, a dome above the body and open thereto, a globe-holding cap slidable within the dome, and baflle lates crossing the interior of the cap and being inclineddownwardly and outwardly.

G. In a lantern, in combination, a. body, a dome above the body and open thereto, a globe-holding cap slidable within the dome and having an instanding flange at its upper end, and battle plates crossing the interior of the cap and being arranged in pairs, the members of each pair being on opposite sides of the vertical axis of the dome and being inclined outwardly and downwardly.

7. In a lantern, in combination, a body, a dome above the body and open thereto, a

globe-holding cap slidable Within the dome and having an instanding flange at its upper end, and battle plates crossing the interior of the cap and being arranged in pairs set at an angle to each other, the members of each pair being on opposite sides of the verlower end and an instanding flange at its upper end, and battle plates crossing the interior of the cap and being inclined downwardly and outwardly.

9. In a lantern, in combinatioma globe, a dome thereon, a hollow truncated cone within the dome, and baflle plates within the cone and being inclined downwardly and outwardly from the axis thereof.

10. In a lantern, in combination, a globe, a dome thereon, a hollow truncated cone within the dome, its base opening directly to the globe, and batlle plates within the! cone and being inclined downwardly and outwardly.

11. In a lantern, in combination, a base ring having air induction ports for supporting combustion, such ports opening directly to the externalatmosphere and tothe flame chamber of the'lantern, a burner above the base ring and being exposed laterally to the flame chamber'of the lantern, a globe above the. base ring, a dome above the globe and having eduction ports at its upper end, a series of induction ports adjacent its lower end and an instanding annular flange between the last two named series of ports.

12. In a lantern, in combination, a base ring having air induction ports for supporting combustion, such ports opening directly to the external atmosphere and to the flame chamber of the lantern, a burner above the base ring and being exposed laterally to the flame chamber of the lantern, a globe above the base ring, a dome above the globe and having eduction ports at its upper end, and a globe-holding ring within the dome and associated therewith and having at itslower end a series of induction ports and having an instanding annular flange above its ports. WILLIAM S.-I-I. \M M.

\Vitnesses:

Louis K. GILLSON, E. M. Km'ronnu.

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