USRE12356E - Reciprocating electric engine - Google Patents

Description

RECIPRCATING ELECTRIC ENGINE.

R Dm... E N G A W nw Hm APPLICATION FILED A1.IB..20,1B05.

a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

\ J W me M@- om an M ma M MW ,n rr. AH Wm 1 ,o N A REISSUED .TUNE l13, 1905.

1 l E. osvvzEGNEE.V Y EEGIEEOGETING ELECTRIC ENGINE.

APPLIATION FILED APB. 20.1905.

' 3 BJHEBTS--SHBET 2.

INVENTOH Uffa Way/zelf j l Arrofmfrs Y R. E N G A W a B.

REGIPROCATING ELECTRIC ENGINE.

Y APPLICATION FILED AIB. 20, 1905.

s SHEETS-snm? a,

' with one another, the supplemental eld por-A tion being of an opposite polarity to the maini UNITED. v STATES Reissued J' une 13, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE. l

REolPnocArlNG ELi-:crnl r-:nicliaa` SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No. 12,356, dated June 13, 1905.

Original No. 783,001, dated February 21, 1995. Application for reissue iiled April 20,1965. Serial No. 256,685.

yTo all whom it may concern.:

' Be it known that I, BRUNO O'rro WAGNER, a

vcitizen of the United States, residing at El armature in a reciprocal axial motion to develop mechanical power in both directions. On the other hand, said oscillating magnetic field is to excite a counter-acting magnetic field in the moving armature when the same is retarded in its velocity -by mechanical load.

In its generic natu-re my' present invention embodies a stationary magazine of solenoids and iron rings serially arranged in alternate succession-inside of a metallic receptacle or housing and periodically excited to form an oscillating magnetic field', an iron armature `with self-contained short-circuited solenoids not being supplied with current from an outside source, said armature describing a reciprocal motion within the solenoid-magazine under the action of the oscillating field, an oscillating switch or rotating controller forsupplying the solenoid-coils with direct current in the way as mentioned above, said switch or controller being operated by a combination of mechanical members connected with the engine or separately by a suitable source of powerf-for instance, hand or 4foot power-4 means for regulating the speed especially required' of engines with self-operated rotating controllers, and means for starting the engine.

l1n its more detail nature the oscillating magnetic {ield comprises a main and a supplemental magnet eldportion, oscillatable in unison field portion.

Specifically, my invention consists of the novel construction and combination of parts,

which will hereinafter be fully described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a wiringdiagram of a reciprocating electric engine with an oscillat ing switch vto be operated by hand or foot power. Fig. 2 exhibits a diagrammatic view 'of wire connections for an engine with arevolving controller, showing alsoethe principle of the speed-regulating attachment. Fig. .3 is a longitudinal section through the mechanical-power-generating part of the engine, showing the magazine of the solenoids, its construction, and the armature. Fig. 4I is a side View to Fig. 3 in arrow direction toward the cover 15". Fig. 4b is a side view to Fig. 3, the cover 15 being removed and inner top ring-plate 16 shown. the armature in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a side view to an intermediate ring-plate 16g in Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is the rear view of a rotating controller with starting mechanism and cross-section on \line.8 8in the arrow direction of Fig. 8. Fig.

8 is a longitudinal sectionV to Fig. 7, taken on the lineA B C Dand seen in the arrow directions. Fig. 9 is a front view of a reciprocating l electric engine of vertical construction, representing an electrically-operated drop-forge hammer. Fig. 1()is a side view in right-angle and arrow direction to Fig.9. Figsll and 11b aredetail views covering the speed-regulating device, Fig. 11b being a section on the line 11 11 of Fig. ,11 faced in the arrow direction. Fig. 12 is a face view in arrow direction toward the slide -contact or brush-holder 7 in` Fig. 10. Fig. -13 is a side elevation of the finger 30 in Fig. 9 seen in arrow direction. Figs. 14 and 14b represent in detail the adinstable stop-pin 29 or 29", as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, Fig. 14 being the side viewpand Fig. 14b a front view in arrow directionof Fig. 14.

Referringnow to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals of reference in.

dicate like parts in all of the figures, l lb lc 1h representa number of solenoids of insulated copper wire, wherein 1,1,1e, and lgare wound in one direction andlb, 1, 1t, and 1h in a direction opposite to them., Said solenoids are Fig. 5 is a side view to connected in a way that all ends of one side-y vfor instance, their outer ends-join to the return-wire 2, while the other ends of the coils 2 2b 2 211 are connected either to a corresponding number of'metallic contacts insulated from each other, as shown in Fig. 1,`or

to a number of mutually-insulated metallic segments, which form parts of a ls'o-called collecton as indicated in Fig. 2,. Discussing first the diagram Fig. 1, the other pole of the current source, preferably the positive one, vis in connection with the contact-lever 3, which is fulcrumed in 11 and limited in its amplitude by stationary or adjustable stop, - pins 1k and 1,1. Fixed to the lever 3, but at the same time electrically insulated'in its joint, is an elastic contact-arm 3", which is supplied with a current through the crossconnected resistance 3.. 4 4b 4c 4'(in'Y most cases `being indlictive resistances with a comparatively high ohmage) are further connected between the wire-leads from the different coils to the controller-contacts,'as indicated in Figs. l and 2. Taking in view an initial position of the contact-lever 3, the`strongest current will How from this leverthrough the first contact to the solenoid 1 and produce there the maximum iux of linesof force. At the same time a branch current of less intensity from the lever 3, through the resistance 3, will pass the contact-arm 3b, the second contact-button, and createa magi netc field in the solenoid lthat is respectively weaker than -the first one and of opposite polarity. Comparatively small currents will pass the resistance-bridges4` 4b 4, &c. When turning the lever 3 counter-clockwise,

the magnetic field in coil 1 will disappear and excite in it an electromotive force of self-induction,which would cause a livespark at the metal contact andv'endanger the wire insulation of the coil unless there was a'path 4 Open for its discharge. Continuing the movement of the contact-lever with a certain speed,A a wave of lines of force will travel through all coils with a proportional linear velocity, and

Asaidwave will return its direction when the -lever is moved backward.

In place of an oscillating switch a rotating arm with two brushes or slide-contacts 5 and 5'?, Fig. 2, maybe used,l of which 5 is separated from its neighbor by an intermediate piece of insulating material, while electrically connected to 5 by a resistance 5, similar to that in Fig. 1. Said brushes are revolving around a drum of mutually-insulated metal segments 45, built up in the same way as a commutator ofadirect-currentdynamo. Thiscollector,

as I prefer to calL itis kept in a fixed position when the'engine is working, and its axis coincides with the fulcrum of the revolving brushholder. The number of segments is equal to twice the number of solenoids minus'two;

. but under special circumstances a larger num- Vber of'segments'may be taken. As Fig.'2

'Steady -resstan ces shows, thecorresponding opposite segments on parallel chords are electrically connected to each other by insulated metal wires or stri ps, while the leading-in wires of the st and last solenoids are joined to ysegments which are lying on the symmetry line assumed at a right angle to the parallel chords and the segmentssecond to lastA but one Aare wired serz'atz'm to the intermediate sol'enoids. Like in Fig. l, all. endings of the different solenoids are combined with the common return-wire 2 ofthe i electrical source. In solid combination with the brush-holder arm-is a metallic ring 6, which when rotating receives current through the slide-contact "1', that is fastened stationarily to a metallic block 8, insulated -from the frame of the machine. Ring 6 is attached t0` the Hy-wheel 9, which is set in motion by the eni gine by means of mechanical devices, to'be described' hereinafter. When the liyfwheel9 is revolving, the brushes 5.and 5l will send a current through the different coils and so produce a traveling magnetic field of the same character as explained heretofore. One revolution of the brush-holder means a full oscillation of thefield inthe solenoid-magazine, sparking at the brushes ,being reduced-to a minimum by the compensating resistances4 '4bfl1c-4g between the leading-in wires of the co1 s. Fig. 2 I rather discuss Fig. 3 next.

In a metallic housing 14 of. preferably cylindricalshape and forming part. of the en- A gine arel arranged a number of iron rings of a T-shaped rim cross-section 16161b 16e-16, I and at both ends of this group iron rings with a -shaped-rim profile 16l1 and 16. The rings 16 16b 16e-16g have each one a square opening in itsrim-for example,`16m in ring 16g* and an adjacent slot 16l in its center web to allow sufficient space for the Wire-leads of the coils. For the same purpose and in asimilar Way the rings 16h and 16i are also provided with suitable slots 16 and 16p, and a long slot 14 in the cylindrical housing 14 affords access roo` for the outside wires to join the coil-leads. Figs;` 3, 4, 4h, and 6 designate the location of said 'openings and slots. Both ends of the housing 14 are covered b vmetallic-,plates 15 yand15c with inside projecting rims 15'b and 15d, respectively, to hold them in a central position to the housing and make them rest againstthe rings 16i and4 16h. A number of cap-screws in the housing-Figs. 4and 4b indicate six of them-pass with clearance through holes in the covers and press the rings 1`6'16 16-161 axially together,thereby securing good metallic cpntacts in all the joints. In the two covers 15 and 15 is central ly guided an ,iron or steel rod -1'2", to which is xedly/secured by a flat key 17IJ or similar means a piston-armature 17 c. Figs. 3 and 5. In its specific nature said armature consists of a cylindrical iron body 17, having aweb 17l1 in its .center and iron .anges 17- and 17g screwed on each end. The

Y vmature-stroke to the right.

' outside diameter of the armature is kepta little smaller than the bore ofthe rings 16 16h-1?, so as to form justa small air-space. The length of said armature is somewhat shorter than the axial measurement across the webs of a group of three rings-for instance, 16h, l6,and 16h. The object of this arrangement is to moderate the impacts in the moment of starting and stroke-changing and secure a Amore steady running l of the engine; but while I have shown and explained just this construction I desire it understood that I may use auf-armature of a length covering in the same pro-,

portion a group of more than three rings and having accordingly more partitions. The so-` formed compartments between the armature webs orliangesV are lined with an insulating material and then filled with fiat copper rings which are separated from each other by interposed layers of a non-conducting material. These pilesof copper rings, which are designated 17dl and 17 e in the drawings.' answer the same purpose 'as short-circuited wire coils. Fig. 3 shows further the solenoids l 1b lc-lh in their. proper positions between the rings 16 16h 16C-161, which take alternately north and south' polarity when a current is fiowing through the solenoids.

Suppose a current is Vsent through coil 1, making 1611 a south pole and web 16n a north pole, and iatthe'same time through coil 1 a somewhatweaker current, causing north magnetism in 16u and south polarity lin 16s. In the very instant when the circuit is closed the armature willundergo a repulsion toward jthe lef-t on account of thev magnetic counteriields in its core induced bythe circulation of opposite currents in the two short-ci-rcuited armature-coils.4 This armature movement is transmitted to thei rotating controller, Fig. 2, and sets brushes 5"?and 5b in contact 'with collector-segments, by which' electric circuits vare brought about through the solenoids 1l.

and 1, respectively; the strength of theI eld in coill" is raised to its maximum, and a new field formed in coil 1"', with south. magn'etism inY 16 anda north lpole in 16x.'l A fur-I lther contemplation of the theory of operation will'indi'cate that a rising and increase of strength, as Well as progressive migration,

j of these primary fields will cause counteractingsecondary fields in Vthe-armature', under which action the latter itsfinally propelled-,in a position as indicated by lin'es'in Fig. 3.' Aty the same time thebr ushholder 5,. .has made contactwith av collector-segment that is 'connected with the wire 2h of solenoid 1h, which consequently is fully energized. The restored energy inA the revolving fly-wheel 9' will turn the brush-holders forward, and thus 'v a waveof lines of forcewill travel progressively' from solenoid 1*" to 1,causi ngan ar- A retardation of the velocity of the armature dueI to increase in'rt'leclianical load reacting on theJ rod 1,7

the armature-core and therewith the propelling force of the armature. ,f

In order to controlhe speedgan electromagnetically-working device, which I prefer to call the n`regulator, Fig. 2, has been attached fixedly to the frame of the engine on 'a suitable place close to the circumference of the iywheel. Specifically, the regulator consists of an H-shaped electromagnet with a soft-iron Vcore vand pole-platesv 10 and 10b, fastened on both ends of it. 'Said magnetcore carries two solenoids 11 and 12, one of them being in the main circuit of the engine, the other excited by a branch current taken across the main terminals of the engine, said branch current flowing in opposite directions through the coil, and so having a tendency to weaken the magnetic effect of the regulator. A suitable rheostat 13, to be operated by hand or engine-power by means ofia fiy-wheel governor, will regulate the'intensity of this current. Assumed the engine is working and the rheostat 13 so adjusted that the ,strength ot' the magnetic field in 1,2 overweighs-that of coil 11, the fly-wheel will revolve at a certain comes excessive, said regulator will exercise a induction of eddy-currents in the massive iron rim of the wheel. On thepother hand,"when compensate the magnetic field of coil 12, diminish the dragging 'elect ofthe regulator gain in speed.l It is? obvious that in order to get a properly-acting regulator the magnetic than the field 11 at the heaviest load ofthe engine.'

Figs `.right construction of the reciprocating electric engine operating a drop-forge hammer, its'head-piece -supposed to befastened tothe extension end 1 8.-,of the rod 17 in` any prac# ,tically-approved way. Parallel to this rod and 23 visa rod or bar 24, on which'a slidable Vsleeve-25 is held in a balanced position be-Y rod or bar 24 is' provided with screw- threads 24 and 24" on both endsto a certain length toward the center, and the nuts 24 and'24d, secured by counterrnuts, serve to adjust the tension of the springs26 and 2Gb., One side of the lower bracket 19 is shaped out to a intended to-be authoritative for future de# signslof the engine, asany practically-api proved execution may take its place. vThe hollow cast-iron piece comprising the bearwill strengthen the magnetic counter-field inY the mechanical loadv to the engine is increasedl the strengthened field in coil 1-1 will slightly p :tween two helical springs 26 and 26h; Said `same suggestion might apply to the top part' 27, which is outlined I in Figs. 9 and'l() as a speed. When the number of revolutions be- .c

braking effect toward the ily-wheel, due to the i IOO toward the' ily-wheel, andy thereby make it eld in 'coil 12 must be'V considerably stronger I IIO and solidly secured toit by two brackets 19- I guide-shoe 20, sliding in-two guide-bars 21` and 22, which construction, however, is not 0n the pin 9, is transmitting the reciprocatl wheel.

5c the way of fastening the speed-regulatingdevice to the engi ne-frame. The electromagnet,

revolving steel shaft 32,

ling-arm 27,7 the' cover 15", and

. place of it.

the iy-wheel casing 27h, the Column part 27 having in the front an oblong opening 27e, with ample dimensions for the movement of the bracket v23,

' and on its sides two oppositely-located smaller openings'27h and 27g for removing thefkey 23 when 'separating the bracket `23 from the rod' 17 It even might be advisable in some cases to put fly-wheel and controller on another part of the engine when reduction of its -height is required.-v As further shown in Fig. 10, a connecting rod or bar 28,' fulcrumed onthe stud 25 of the sleeve 25 and pivoted ing motion of the armature-rod to theiiywheel 9, which is overbalanced in one section, so as to have a tendency to turn the connecting-rod out of .the so-called V,deadcenter position. For this purpose a portion 9b has been removed from theweb of theiiy- In small reciprocating electric engines for operating stone-drills, chisels, &c., which are mostly working in different places and positions where an evenlybalanced iiywheel h'as to be used, such engines are set in motion simply byvgivi'ng a turn to the iiyvwheel by hand before closing the electric cir-V cuit.

For a certain class of reciprocating engines,

such as forge-hammers, a stroke adjustment will be necessary, are made i Fig. 9 to limit the angle of oscillation of the iy-Wheel. In the wheel-casing 27" vare two circularly-curved slots 27c and in which the adjusting-bolts 29 and 29", Figs. 14 and 14", can ybe shoved in any posi` tion desired. The heads of these bolts, extending inside o the'wheel-casing, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.0, form strikepins, against which alternately dashes the elastic finger 30, Fig. 13, thatis xed to the flywheel by means'of angle-pieces and screws or any other practical way. The object of this elastic finger is to act as a bui'er t'. e., t'o take upthe impact due' to/ the/accumulated energyin the moving parts and repulse the fly-wheel, 'thereby turning the brush-holders 5.*and 5b in opposite direction 'and reversing the armature-stroke.

In Figs. 9, ,11", and 11'b 'is further shown as heretofore described, is screwed against a bracket 31 of non-metallic metal, which is fastened to the wheel-casing 271.

Discussing now Figs. 7 and 8 and referring at the same time again to Figs. 9 and 10, the arm 275L carries a long boiir-bearing'27t for the t'o which is keyed the ily-wheel 9 on one end and the collar-ring 33011 the other. Lubrication issupplidby an oil-cup 34 or any other suitable device in Y To the bearing extension 275 is fitted the collector-sleeve 35, held in place by the shoulder 36 and the ring-nut 37. Said and therefore provisions.

49 and washer 50, of hard ber,

collector-sleeve is capable of being turned by a lever 38, that is fastened to it in 39, and has on' its free ,end an eye 38HL to join a pull chain or cord tov it. the lever and'lcollector-sleeve in the arrow direction of Fig. 7 amounts to aboutfsixty degrees, to which angle it, is limited by stoppins 40 and 41, both being fastened to the cole lector-sleeve 35, 'While pin 43, against which said pins are striking, is Vscrewed tothe bearing. The final position of the lever movement is marked by lines. A helical or spiral yspring 44 isattached to thestoppin 40 and hooked tothe stud-'screw 42 on the bearing, thereby holding thelever 38 in a po- The total movementbt' sition as indicated in Fig. 9. As already set closing the circuit; but'in cases where heavy loads at the starting moment `must be overcome it may be necessary to'give a quick turn to the lever 38 in the' arrow direction, thereby causing a relative rotation of thecollector toward .the brushes and starting-a magnetic wave through the solenoid-magazine.

In its details the collector consists of segments 45, ofcopper or bronze, which are separated from each other and thesleeve 35 by a suitable insulating material in the same manner as in ordinary dynamo-commutators. Instead of arranging cord connectors inside of the collector, as diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 2, I practically would ladvise to use symmetrically-grouped curved' metal strips 46 46h-46, well insulated from each other and joined to the proper collector-segments by binding-screws or soldering, as .outlined in Figs.8 and 9. The wire leads 2 2" 2-2h are exhibited asbeing soldered in therear ofthe I collector-segments, though any other approved mechanical waymight do forthe'same purpose.

The metallic contact-ring 6 is fastened to the fly-wheel by a number of-for instance, four-cap-scr'ews `48, levery Vone being carefully insulated from the metal by a bushing micanite,.or

lava. Cast or mechanically joined to this ringY is an angle-piece 51, in lwhich 'is directly screwed thefbrush-holder 5', while the brushholder 5h is insulated from-it by a bushing of hard ber, lava, or other non-conductipg material. As to the' biushholders any simple and practically approved constructions as there areV in the market nowl may be used, though I Would consider that construction the best where a carbon block is guided in a metal casing and pressed radially againstthe collector by an adjustable spring. The resist- Y' anc'e 5- between both brush-holders consists ofv a coil of insulated resistance-wire wound upon a spool-frame of -nonconductingmaterial or insulated metal, which is dxedly at tachedto the ring 6 oppositely to the brushholders in order to counterbalvance the mass Ass of the ring. FOne end of" theresistance-wire is joined to the contact-ring 6, while the other is attached to the metal casing of the brushholder iThe slide-contact 7 for feeding the ring 6 with current is a simple carbon brush 52, fastened to a spring built up of at copper 'or phosphor-bronze strips, which is joined to the metallic terminal plate 8.' lSaid terminal plate is screwed to a block 53of non-conductgine, the `fnain features on which my .invenltion is based and has been gradually carried out are to Work at a higher degree o`f eflciencythan obtained with present systems and to afford this advantage without the use of special dynamos for producing pulsating motors have been built.

. broadly claim such a construction; vbut f current, to operate the` apparatus/withprdinary direct current taken from a lighting or power plant, Vthe speed of strokes being practicallyv independent on this current, and to lill a practically4 experienced gap in the line of electrical power-motors. I am aware that prior to my invention oscillating-eldelectric Therefore -I do not WhatI do claim --as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, vis- 1. In a= reciprocating electric engine the combination of a metallically-,inclosed magazine of solenoids and interposed iron rings that are to form magnetic poles, with an axiallyreciprocating iron piston-armature insideof said solenoids. and rings, said armature carry- .purposes specified.

larmature isto reverse its stroke. l

inggroups of insulated copper rings,

2. In a reciprocating electric engine the combination of a. metallically-inclosed magav zine ofy iron rings and interposed solenoids forming periodically and in sequenceactuated electromagnets, with a rotary controllerfas 'speciiech to open and-close progressively circuits through said electromagnets aud reverse the direction of the oscillating field when the 3. In a reciprocatingelectric engine.: comprisingfin combination wi/th a magaine of iron ringsand interposed solenoids being connected to form periodically magnetic fields in' proper sequence but of alternate polarity, an

iron armature-with groups of insulated cop- -per rings'r'eciprocating inside of these solenoids to produce secondary magnetic tields of` the same' polarity as 'the primary ones, a controlling-apparatus' combined with said engine i 4for the purpose offproducing an oscillating primaryfield of specified characteristic `from arcom'mon" direct current, a number of` com- -pensating. resistanes joined across the leading-in wires of the solenoids to avoid sparking at the collector due to self-induction in the coils, and an`electromagneticallylacting.

plates provided with an inside projecting rim transmit the pressure of' the screws to the con- 7 5 a guiding device, means for transforming the character stated, the combination of va iiyfor the r character stated, a collector sitting on the'exstrips are connecting but opposite segments 0Uparallelcordssupposed'tobe drawn through r the collector,.as specified. l f

governing apparatusby means o fa lever fas- Ying force, v members attached to. thatA lever` to l speed-regulating device, including a rheostat, as set forth. v f

4. In a reciprocating electric engine a metallic housing containing aimagazine ofiron rings and interposed solenoids, said housing in combination with 'two metallic end plates v7C. screwed to it for guiding the centrally-located and axially-moving armature-rod, said coverto lean against the outer magnet-rings and tact-joints between the different innerrings; 5. -In a reciprocating electric engine. the combination of a piston armature and rod with reciprocal motion of said armature into cir- 30 cular motion for operating aV rotary controller whereby elastic members are interposed to weaken the iinpact toward said controlling apparatus in the instant of the stroke return of the armature, and an 'energy-storing ma. 35 chine element compounded with said rotary controller for the purpose of overcoming its J dead-center positions and equalizing its velocity o'r rebounding the controller from its l nal positions in case, its ,movement has been 9o limited to oscillation by mechanicalmeans, as set forth.v p

6. In a'reciprocating electric engine 0f the wheel-likeenergy-storing element with a metallic contact-ring,`this. ring electrically insu-v lated from said machine element but ixedly secured to it' and fed by an electric current through a stationaryslide-contact, a-group of radial brush-holders withelastically-adjust- .loo able carbon brushes fixed to said ring by suitable means,oneof said brush-holders being directly fastened to that ring while the others are insulated from each other as well as 'from that ring, all brush-holders being col'lnectedv 10'5 in line to each other by suitableresistances and sliding upon a collector, as specified.

7 In a reciprocating electric engine of the y tending cylindric portion of the bearing fol-1110 the engine-governing apparatus,.said collector consisting of mutually-insulated metal segments, the number of which to be equal to twice the total number of coils in the solenoid-magazine, minus two, said segments to be,

combined in a manner that insulated metallic 8; In a reciprocatmgelectric engine of the 126 character described, .the combination of a collectorcapablel of; being turned upon 'the ex-f tending portion of .the bearingfor the enginetened to said collector7 with means to return.I2 5 said collector automatically-to its initial positionafter said lever is releasedfromthe turn'-I pins by which to .netic fields,

elastic finger fastened to said energy-storingA device, oscillating between said pins and serving as a rebuing'member when hitting these pins at the stroke return.

10 In a reciprocating electricfengine ofthe cha-racter described, with a liy-wheel-like energy`- storing device for`operating itscon troller, the combination withaspeed-regulating device consisting of an electromagnet fixedly-secured tothe engine-frame by 1nterpolating a member oi non-magn etic'- m aterial, the

poles of said electromagnet brought closely to, the rim of said iiy-wheel-like device so thata Imagnetic circuit is formed through it, said electromagnet carrying two independentv wire coils of which one is traversed by the mam cur'- rent of the engine, the other fed b ya branchl current to be adjusted by a rheostat, for the purposes specilied. 11. I n a reciprocating electric en glne, a plurality of successively arranged tield coils,

.means for passing a current of one magnitude successively through said colis, one at a time,

to energize the same,` means for passing a l currentof another 'magnitude successively through said coilsyone at a time, in advanceofv the'first=mentioncd current, and an armature reciprocably movable through saidcoils by the action thereof, substantially as-shovvn and described.

. 12. Inareciprocating electric engine, means for simultaneously producing an oscillatingv iield of one intensity and asecond'field of an- 'other' intensity, and an armatureinou'nted to said mag-- substantially as shown and de-l be reciprocated by thfeJ action ofthe 13. In a reciprocating electric engine, means for simultaneously producing an oscillating magneticlield of one intensity and a4 counter- `field of-another intensity, and anarmatiire mounted to be reciprocated by theaction of the said magnetic elds','su`bstantially as shown 14. In a reciprocating electric engine, `me'ans for simultaneoslyprodueing. an oscillating magnetic field and a secondary counter magnetic field, andA an armature including a plurality'of sets of energizing-coils ladapted to receive energizingfcurrent by inductiony from the lsaid magnetic fields to reciprocate the armature, substantially asshown and described.

15. In a reciprocating electric engine, means for simultaneously producing an oscillating magnetic field offene intensity and a secondary counter magnetic fieldof another intensity,

and an armature mounted for reciprocation by the action of' the said magnetic fields, said armature having a plurality of sets of closedcircuit energizing-windings adapted to receive current by induction from said oscillating magnetic fields, substantially as shownand described.

16. Inareciprocating electric engine, means for simultaneously producing an oscillating magnetic field of Vone intensity and a second oscillating magnetic field of another intensity,

and an armature mountedto be reci'procated by the-action of the said magneticifields, said armature' including closed-circuit armature indu tion-rings, vsubstantially as shown and described. 17. In a reciprocating electric engine, a series.of lield-coils-'arranged around a common axis, means forpassing a current of one mag'- nl-tude through one coilwhile simultaneously passing a curl-,ent of another magnitude through the next'. succeeding coil of theseries, and means for simultaneouslyshifting bothof said currents successively into. the succeeding coils andaout ofthe preceding coils to pro#V duce an'oscilla'tiiig magnetic {ield,"and an armature reciprocably mounted within said magn gnetic field for reciprocation thereby, substantially as shown and described.

18. In a reciprocating electric engine, a series of field-coils arranged around a common axis, means for passing a current of one magnitude through one coil While simultaneously passing'. a current of another magnitude through the next'snccedingcoil ofthe series,

and means for simultaneously shifting both ofsaid currents successively into thesucceeding coils and out of the preceding coils to produce an oscillating magnetic field, and an ar mature reciprocably mounted within said magnetic field, said armature including two sets ico of Iclosed-circuit inductive armature-coils substantially as shown and for the purposes described.. "i

19. In a reciprocating electric engine, aseries of field-coils arranged around a common axis, means for passing acurrent of one magnitude through one coil Whilesimultaneously passing a cur'rent of another magnitude through the next succeeding coil of the series. and means for simultaneously shifting both of said currents successively-into the succeeding coils and out-ofthe preceding coils to'produce'an oscillating magnetic ield,fa nd anarmature reciprocably mounted vWithin said magnetic field, 'said armature including a plurality of closed-circuit inductive armaturecoils substantially asshown and for the purposes described. ,v

20. In a reciprocating electric engine, a plurality of successively-arranged field-magnets,

`a rotary controller for progressively closing ,and opening circuits through said magnets to produce an oscillating magnetic field and for IIO reversing the direction of said magnetic field at times, an armature mounted for reciprocation with and to be actuated by said oscillating field substantially as shown and described.

21. Ina reciprocating electric engine, a series of successively-arranged field-coils, half of which are Wound to produce a magnetic field of one/ polarity, the other half being wound to produce a magnetic field of an pposite polarity, means for successively energizing and denergizing all of said coils to l produce a shifting field of one intensity and for successively energizing and denergizing all of said coils to produce a shifting. field of another intensity in advance of said first energization, and a closed-coil armature operatable by and mounted to'reciprocate within said field substantially as shown and described.

22. Ina reciprocating electric engine, a series of successively-arranged field-coils, some of which are yvound to produce a magnetic field of one polarity, the remainder of which being wound to produce a magnetic field of opposite polarity, means for successively energizing and denergizing said coils to produce a shifting field of one intensity and for .successively energizing anddenergizing all of said coils to produce a shifting field of another intensity in advance of the first energization, and a closed-coil armature operatvable by and mounted to'reciprocate with said fields, substantially'as shown and described.

23. In a reciprocating electric engine, a series of successively-arranged field-coils, alter nate coils of which are wound to produce magnetic polarity in the same direction, the'otheicoils of the series being wound to produce a magnetic field with polarity in the opposite direction, means `for successively energizing and denergizing each of said coils with a current of one intensity and ,successively'energizing and denergizing each lof said coilswith a current of another intensity in advance of said first-mentioned energization to produce an oscillating magnetic field, and an armature operata'ble by and reciprocably mounted within said oscillating field, substantially as shown and described.

24. In a reciprocating electric engine, a series of successively-arranged field-coils, altercuate coils of which are wound to produce magneticpolarity in the same direction, the other coils of the series being Wound to produce a magnetic field with polarity in the opposite direction, means for successively energizing Kand denerglz'lng each of sa1dcoil`sw1th a current of one `intensity and successively energlzlng and dene'rglzlng said colls wlth a cur- Yrent of another intensity in advance of said 6ofirst-mentioned energization to produce an oscillating magnetic field, and an armature operatable by and reciprocablymounted within said oscillating field, said armature including two sets of closed-circuit energizing-coils substantially as shown and described.

25. In a reciprocating electric engine, means l for simultaneously producing an oscillating magnetic field of one intensity and a secondary oscillating magnetic field of another intensity, an armature having induction energizingwindings mounted to be reci procated by action of said magnetic field, and an electromagnetic regulator coperating'with said armature substantially as 'shown and described.

26. In a reciprocating electric engine, a plurality of successively-arranged 'field-coils, a rotary controller for progressively closing and opening circuits through said coils to produce an oscillating magnetic field and for reverslng the direction of said magnetic field at times,l

means connected withvsaid coils for` preventing static discharges between coil-terminals at.

the controller, and an armature mounted for reciprocation with and to be actuated by said oscillating field substantially as shown.

27. In a reciprocating electric engine, a plu,- rality of successively-arranged field-magnets, a rotary controller for progressively closing andopening circuits through Said magnets to produce oscillating magnet-fields and for reversing the direction of said magnetic field at times, said rotary controller including a commutator connected with each of saidmagnets, resistance-coils connected across the commutator-field-magnet connections to prevent arcing at the commutator, an armature wound for reciprocation within and to be actuated by said oscillating field, and` an electromagnetic speed-regulator cooperative with said armature, substantially as shown and described.

28. In a reciprocating electricengine of the class described, a rotary controller comprising a commutator, a pair of contact-brushes in circuit with each otherand adapted to engage adjacent segments ofthe commutator, a collector-ring, said brushes being in connection with said collector-ring, a third brush in ened` to be connectedA to a source of electric energy-and plurality of field-.coils connected with the commutator-segments, each of said coils being also connected Vwith each other and adapted to ybe connected vto a source of electric energy and an armature mounted to be reciprocated by the energy of the field-coils, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name torthis specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

p BRUNO orro WAGNER.

Witnesses:

HARRY LEE EDWARDS, GEORGE BLIsH.

IOO

gagement with said collectonring and adapt-` IIO

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