US9912271B2 - Linear actuator and method for controlling the same - Google Patents

Linear actuator and method for controlling the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US9912271B2
US9912271B2 US15/189,324 US201615189324A US9912271B2 US 9912271 B2 US9912271 B2 US 9912271B2 US 201615189324 A US201615189324 A US 201615189324A US 9912271 B2 US9912271 B2 US 9912271B2
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nut part
pole
motor
voltage data
magnet
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US15/189,324
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US20160380566A1 (en
Inventor
Jin Seob Lee
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LG Innotek Co Ltd
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LG Innotek Co Ltd
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Assigned to LG INNOTEK CO., LTD. reassignment LG INNOTEK CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LEE, JIN SEOB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
    • H02P8/36—Protection against faults, e.g. against overheating or step-out; Indicating faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/404—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37—Measurements
    • G05B2219/37094—Hall sensor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37—Measurements
    • G05B2219/37124—Magnetic sensor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37—Measurements
    • G05B2219/37277—Inductive proximity sensor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/41—Servomotor, servo controller till figures
    • G05B2219/41099—Calibration by going to two extremes, limits, counting pulses, storing values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/41—Servomotor, servo controller till figures
    • G05B2219/41206—Lookup table, memory with certain relationships
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/50—Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
    • G05B2219/50043—Near zero detection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a linear actuator and a method for controlling the same, and more particularly, to a linear actuator converting a rotational force of a motor into a linear movement and a method for controlling the same.
  • a motor is provided with a shaft which is rotatably formed, a rotor coupled to the shaft, and a stator secured inside a housing, and the stator is installed along a periphery of the rotor with a space therebetween.
  • a coil is wound around the stator to form a rotating magnetic field so that an electrical interaction between the coil and the rotor is caused to induce rotation of the rotor.
  • Power output from the motor as described above is a rotational force. Therefore, in order to utilize the rotational force of the motor as power by which a component is moved linearly, a separate power converting means is required.
  • the example of such a power converting means can be an actuator including a motor in which a lead screw is mounted.
  • variable type head lamp which can maximally secure a driver's visual field at night in response to a steering direction of the driver
  • the motor in which the lead screw is mounted may be employed as the actuator which realizes swiveling and leveling of the head lamp.
  • the motor realizing the linear driving as above can be referred to as a step motor, and a nut to be connected to a component may be mounted on a lead screw of the step motor.
  • step motor In the step motor mentioned above, if a restriction occurs in connection relations between components or a control pulse is not output, the components are not located at their target positions, and it is difficult for a user to verify the above fault due to a characteristic that the step motor is controlled via the uni-directional pulse.
  • the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a linear actuator capable of sensing a position of a component which is being linearly moved by a motor to perform compensation control if a fault is detected.
  • a linear actuator of the present invention includes a motor; a linear driving unit coupled to the motor and including a magnet; a sensor unit configured to sense a change amount of magnetic flux depending on a position of the magnet and convert the sensed change amount of magnetic flux into measured voltage data; a data unit in which reference voltage data corresponding to the change amount of magnetic flux depending on the position of the magnet is stored; and a judging unit configured to compare the reference voltage data with the measured voltage data at the corresponding position of the magnet.
  • the linear actuator of the present invention may further include a position compensating unit configured to control driving of the motor such that a difference value between the reference voltage data and the measured voltage data is equal to or less than a reference value if the difference value between the reference voltage data and the measured voltage data judged in the judging unit exceeds the reference value.
  • the linear driving unit may include a lead screw coupled to the motor and a nut part coupled to the lead screw.
  • the linear actuator of the present invention may further include an initialization driving unit configured to control the motor to align positions of the nut part and the sensor unit with respect to the linear movement direction of the nut part.
  • the nut part includes the magnet and the magnet may include a first pole and a second pole arranged in the movement direction of the nut part.
  • the first pole and the second pole may be arranged in order of the first pole and the second pole with respect to the linear movement direction of the nut part.
  • the initialization driving unit may control the motor to allow a boundary line between the first pole and the second pole to be located on a center of the sensor unit with respect to the linear movement direction of the nut part.
  • the initialization driving unit may perform a first motion in which a forward movement of the nut part is stopped and a backward movement of the nut part is carried out, and if the sensor unit senses the second pole after the first motion, the initialization driving unit may perform a second motion in which the movement of the nut part is stopped and a forward movement of the nut part is carried out.
  • the initialization driving unit may repeatedly perform the first motion and the second motion a reference number of times.
  • the present invention discloses a method for controlling a linear actuator including a motor, a linear driving unit coupled to the motor and including a magnet, and a sensor unit sensing the magnet, the method including a) sensing a change amount of magnetic flux depending on a position of the magnet and converting the sensed changed amounted of magnetic flux into measured voltage data; b) comparing reference voltage data corresponding to the change amount of magnetic flux depending on a position of the magnet with the measured voltage data; and c) if a difference value between the reference voltage data and the measured voltage data exceeds a reference value, controlling driving of the motor such that the difference value is equal to or less than the reference value.
  • the linear driving unit may include a lead screw coupled to the motor and a nut part coupled to the lead screw.
  • the method may further include, before step a), d) controlling the motor to align positions of the nut part and the sensor unit with respect to the linear movement direction of the nut part.
  • the nut includes the magnet, the magnet includes a first pole and a second pole arranged in the movement direction of the nut part, and the motor may be controlled to allow a boundary line between the first pole and the second pole to be located on a center of the sensor unit with respect to the linear movement direction of the nut when the first pole and the second pole are arranged in order of the first pole and the second pole with respect to a linear movement direction of the nut part.
  • step d) if the sensor unit senses the first pole when the nut part is moved forward, a first motion in which a forward movement of the nut part is stopped and a backward movement of the nut part is performed may be carried out, and if the sensor unit senses the second pole after the first motion, a second motion in which the movement of the nut part is stopped and a forward movement of the nut part is performed may be carried out.
  • step d) the first motion and the second motion may be repeatedly carried out a reference number of times.
  • FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a linear actuator according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the linear actuator shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a magnet of a nut part and a sensor part
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a method for controlling a linear actuator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are views illustrating a process for initializing an origin point of a nut part.
  • first component may be designated as a second component without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • second component may be designated as the first component.
  • the term “and/or” encompasses both combinations of the plurality of related items disclosed and any item from among the plurality of related items disclosed.
  • FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a linear actuator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 clearly shows major distinguishing parts such that the present invention can be clearly and conceptually understood. As a result, various modifications of the structure shown in FIG. 1 are expected and a scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific structure shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the linear actuator shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the linear actuator may include a motor 100 , a linear driving unit 200 , a sensor unit 300 , a data unit 400 , a judging unit 500 and a position compensating unit 600 .
  • the sensor unit 300 , the data unit 400 and the judging unit 500 may be included in a control module which drives the motor 100 .
  • the motor 100 and the linear driving unit 200 are units which convert a rotational movement into a linear movement and transmit a driving force to a subject to which the linear actuator is applied.
  • a step motor may be employed as the motor and the linear driving unit.
  • the motor 100 may include a stator 110 , a rotor 120 and a shaft 130 .
  • the stator 110 has a stator core formed thereon, teeth may be formed along a periphery of the stator core, and a coil may be wound around the teeth of the stator for forming a rotating magnetic field.
  • An insulator may be mounted on the stator core to insulate the stator core from the coil.
  • the rotor 120 is rotatably disposed inside the stator 110 .
  • the rotor 120 is rotated by an electromagnetic interaction between the coil wound around the stator and the rotor.
  • the shaft 130 may be coupled to a central portion of the rotor 120 . Therefore, if the rotor 120 is rotated, the shaft 130 is rotated together with the rotor.
  • the rotor 120 may be realized in the form of a structure in which a magnet is included inside a rotor core or in which a magnet is attached to an outer circumference surface of the rotor core.
  • the linear driving unit 200 may include a lead screw 210 and a nut part 220 .
  • the shaft 130 and the lead screw 210 can be separately described according to a shape and function thereof, they may be one means formed by vertically connecting the shaft and the lead screw.
  • the nut part 220 is screw-coupled to the lead screw 210 .
  • the nut part 220 may be moved linearly along the lead screw 210 in response to rotation of the lead screw 210 .
  • the nut part 220 is a part connected to a component.
  • the component may be a head lamp mounted on a motor vehicle.
  • the nut part may be directly connected to a reflector of the head lamp or may be indirectly connected to a frame or reflector of the head lamp via a connecting member such as a link.
  • the head lamp is swiveled and leveled to enable an irradiation direction of the light emitted from the head lamp to be changed.
  • the sensor unit 300 is arranged on a bottom surface of a guide 140 to sense a change amount of magnetic flux caused by a magnet 221 included in the nut part 220 .
  • the sensor unit 300 may be a Hall sensor which converts a change of magnetic field into a voltage through the Hall effect.
  • FIG. 3 is a view illustrating the magnet of the nut part and the sensor unit.
  • the magnet 221 in an opened shape may be attached to a lower portion of the nut part 220 .
  • the sensor unit 300 may be disposed on the bottom surface of the guide 140 to face a lower portion of the magnet 221 .
  • an imaginary vertical reference line (CL in FIG. 3 ) passing through a widthwise-directional center of the sensor unit 300 may be a position of an origin point which is a movement base of the nut part 220 .
  • a position of the nut part 220 may be adjusted to allow a widthwise-directional center of the nut part 220 to be aligned with the vertical reference line (CL in FIG. 3 ) when the nut part 220 is initially driven.
  • a first magnet 221 a with an N pole may be mounted on one side of the magnet 221 and a second magnet 221 b with an S pole may be mounted on the other side of the magnet 221 .
  • the nut part 220 may be disposed such that a boundary line 222 between the first magnet 221 a and the second magnet 221 b is aligned with the vertical reference line (CL in FIG. 3 ) if the nut part 220 is located at the origin point at which driving of the nut part is started.
  • the sensor unit 300 senses a change amount of magnetic flux in real time when the nut part 220 is moved, converts the sensed change amount of magnetic flux into measured voltage data and transmits the measured voltage data to the judging unit 500 .
  • the data unit 400 stores the measured voltage data.
  • the voltage corresponding to the change amount of magnetic flux depending on a position of the nut part 220 with respect to the movement direction of the nut part 220 is stored in the form of a table in advance in the fault-free state. Specifically, as the nut part 220 is moved from the vertical reference line (CL in FIG. 3 ), the change amount of magnetic flux sensed by the sensor unit 300 is changed. In addition, the sensor unit 300 converts the changed change amount of magnetic flux, which is being changed, into the voltage. After the nut part 220 is moved, the voltage which is obtained by converting the change amount of magnetic flux in the sensor unit 300 is stored in the data unit 400 at every certain time or certain rotation angle of the motor. The above voltage is referred to as reference voltage data. The above reference voltage data becomes a criterion for judging whether the step motor or the nut part 220 is faulty.
  • the judging unit 500 compares the measured voltage data with the reference voltage data at a prescribed position of the nut part 220 , that is, at a specific rotation angle of the motor 100 , to judge whether the motor or the nut part is faulty.
  • a position of the nut part 220 which corresponds to a rotation angle of the motor 100 is determined, and if the pulse is not output from the control module of the motor 100 or a fault occurs under mechanical conditions of the nut part 220 and the component, the measured voltage data differs from the reference voltage data. If the error between the measured voltage data and the reference voltage data at the prescribed position of the nut part 220 exceeds a specific reference value, the nut part 220 may not be in its predetermined origin position. When the fault occurs in this way, if the component is the head lamp, the problem of not realizing a targeted irradiation angle of the light may be encountered.
  • the reference value regarding the error between the measured voltage data and the reference voltage data may be appropriately determined. If an error between the measured voltage data and the reference voltage data exceeds the specific reference value, the judging unit 500 transmits the above error to the position compensating unit 600 .
  • the judging unit 500 can compare the measured voltage data with the reference voltage data at every certain time.
  • the position compensating unit 600 feedback-controls the motor 100 until the error between the measured voltage data and the reference voltage data is compensated to a value within a specific reference value range in the judging unit 500 .
  • the position compensating unit 600 may apply the pulse to the motor 100 for compensating a distance corresponding to a difference between a position of the nut part 220 corresponding to the measured voltage data and a position of the nut part 220 corresponding to the reference voltage data.
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a method for controlling the linear actuator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method for controlling the linear actuator according to one embodiment of the present invention is as below.
  • an origin point initializing process is performed first (S 100 ).
  • the origin point initializing process is a process for moving the nut part 220 to a drive starting position.
  • the position of the nut part 220 is adjusted such that the boundary line 222 is located between the first magnet 221 a and the second magnet 221 b on the imaginary vertical reference line (CL in FIG. 3 ) with respect to the sensor unit 300 .
  • the vertical reference line (CL in FIG. 3 ) corresponds to a reference position at which driving of the nut part 220 is started.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are views illustrating the origin point initializing process for the nut part.
  • an initialization driving unit 700 controls the motor 100 to allow the nut part 220 to move forward. Once the nut part 220 moves forward and passes the vertical reference line (CL in FIG. 3 ) and the sensor unit 300 senses the first magnet 221 a , the initialization driving unit 700 controls the motor 100 to stop the movement of the nut part 220 and allow the nut part to move backward.
  • the above process is referred to as a first motion.
  • the initialization driving unit 700 controls the motor 100 to stop the movement of the nut part 220 and allow the nut part to move forward.
  • the above process is referred to as a second motion
  • the initialization driving unit 700 repeats the first motion and the second motion several times to perform the origin point initializing process.
  • d 1 a distance between the vertical reference line CL and the boundary line 222 with respect to the movement direction of the nut part 220 when the movement of the nut part 220 is stopped during the first motion
  • d 2 a distance between the vertical reference line CL and the boundary line 222 with respect to the movement direction of the nut part 220 when the movement of the nut part 220 is stopped during the second motion
  • the magnitudes of d 1 and d 2 may be reduced as the first motion and the second motion are repeated several times.
  • the reference number of times for the repetition of the first and second motions may be variously changed and determined according to the characteristics of the motor 100 , the linear driving unit 200 and the sensor unit 300 .
  • the sensor unit 300 senses the change amount of magnetic flux depending on the position of the magnet 221 and converts the sensed change amount of magnetic flux into the measured voltage data (S 200 ).
  • the judging unit 500 compares the measured voltage data with the reference voltage data of the data unit 400 at the prescribed position of the nut part 220 , that is, at a specific rotation angle of the motor 100 to judge whether a fault has occurred (S 300 ). If the component is a head lamp for a motor vehicle, at this time, the prescribed position of the nut part 220 may be the position of the nut part 220 at which an angle of the lamp corresponding to a command from a lamp control module is realized.
  • the position compensating unit 600 feedback-controls the motor 100 until the error between the measured voltage data and the reference voltage data is compensated to the value within the specific reference value range.
  • the position of the nut part of the motor is sensed and the measured voltage data is compared with the reference voltage data indicating the reference position of the nut part, and if an error has occurred, the position of the motor is compensation-controlled so that the feedback control is performed in the step motor to secure performance of the product to which the present invention is applied.
  • the present invention is advantageous in that, since the compensation-control structure is realized through the feedback control performed by employing the Hall sensor which is relatively inexpensive, a manufacturing cost of the product to which the present invention is applied can be remarkably reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
US15/189,324 2015-06-25 2016-06-22 Linear actuator and method for controlling the same Active US9912271B2 (en)

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US15/877,043 US10103660B2 (en) 2015-06-25 2018-01-22 Linear actuator, method for controlling the same, and head lamp assembly comprising the same

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KR10-2015-0090741 2015-06-25
KR1020150090741A KR102493907B1 (ko) 2015-06-25 2015-06-25 액츄에이터 및 그 제어방법

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WO2021156836A1 (en) * 2020-02-06 2021-08-12 Padmini Vna Mechatronics Pvt. Ltd. Stepper motor based linear actuator with position feedback
US11092219B2 (en) * 2019-11-08 2021-08-17 Tbi Motion Technology Co., Ltd. Linear motion system

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JP7145014B2 (ja) * 2018-09-11 2022-09-30 日立Astemo株式会社 ステアリング装置
CN112518733A (zh) * 2020-11-17 2021-03-19 深圳市优必选科技股份有限公司 直线伺服舵机及机器人
CN116317330B (zh) * 2023-05-26 2023-08-04 深圳市百川滚珠丝杆有限公司 直线运动模组

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US5210476A (en) * 1990-06-19 1993-05-11 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Servo motor monitoring unit
DE10241214A1 (de) 2002-09-06 2004-03-18 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Scheinwerferanordnung für Kraftfahrzeuge
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US20180145619A1 (en) 2018-05-24
CN106300814B (zh) 2020-10-23
EP3109718A1 (en) 2016-12-28
US10103660B2 (en) 2018-10-16
US20160380566A1 (en) 2016-12-29
CN106300814A (zh) 2017-01-04
KR102493907B1 (ko) 2023-01-31
KR20170001159A (ko) 2017-01-04

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