US933326A - Pneumatic drill. - Google Patents

Description

M. MGGUNE & J. P. MBLOUN.

PNEUMATIG DRILL.

APPLmATIoN FILED JULY 24. 190e.

933,326, Patented Sept. 7, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

M. MCCUNE t J. P. MBLOUN.

PNEUMATIG DRILL.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 24, 1908. l

938,326. Patented sept. 7, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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. To atl whom 'it may concern:

' UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

MARTIN McCUNE AND JOSEF F. MELOUN, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

PNEUMATIC DRILL;

Beit known that we, MARTIN MCCUN and JOSEF F. MELoUN, citizens of the United States of America, and residing at Cleveland, in the county otfCuyahoga and State oel Ghia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Drills; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make. and use the same. This invention relates to motor drills and particularly pneumatic drills.

@ne of the objects of ourinvention is the provision of a drill which is powerful, strong and durable, and able to withstand without injury hard usage, pressure and stresses to whlc'h a device of this character is subjected. i A h A further object is the provision of Va drill which is small and compact considering the power developed and in which the moving parts are so arranged and supported vthat they will not get outof order or be subjected to material Wear.

r'lhe drilllforming the subject matterof this invention is of the fluid 4actuated rotary motor type, and we prefer to employ air as themotive duid although other motive dui'ds might be employed.

Uur invention consists in certain novel details of construction and combination and arrangement of parts 'which will be described in the specification and set forth in the appended claims.

Reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which- 'Figure 1 is a l'vertical sectional view ofa drill constructed in accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional viewtaken substantially along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 lookin in the `'direct-ion indicated by the arrow. ig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view of a portion of one of the fluid actnated rotary vdriving members and blades carried thereby. Fig. @is a section on line @-4, Fig. "3.

ln carrying out cnr invention ,any preferredorm or construct-ion of parts 'may be employed ats-.long asl they possess thenecessary characteristics, but in the drawings we have show-n "one embodiment which meets the requirements very eiiiciently.

For' the sake of clearness and convenience of description we shall .employ the terms Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led Ill-1y 2 4, 1908. Serial N0. 445,085.

Patented Sept. 7, 1909.

f top and bottom or upwardly and downwardly to the drill in the position shown in Fig'. 1,- although it is to be underl stood of course that in use, the drill may be inverted or supported at right angles to that shown in F ig. 1.

Referring now 'to the figures of the drawings 10 represents the drill vcasing which may be formed of cast iron or other cast metal, and is provided at the 'bottom with a removable cover 11, which is held tightly against the main portion of the casing by screws 12, the Vadjacent faces being carefully machined so that an air tight. joint is provided. The cover 11 which is provided at the bottom with a ange or wal'l 13 serves as a gear casing, as will be described, and is provided at the bottom with a removable cover 14 se cu'redto the bottom of the wall 13 by screws 15. The casing is provided on the interior with a' compartment 16 form-ing a valve chamber and with two compartments 17 and 18 in open communication with each other and in line with the valve chamber 16, the compartments 17 and 1S having cylindrical walls forming cylinders, which receive the fluid actuated rotary driving members to be described. The valve chamber 16 communicates with the cylindrical compartments 17 and 18 by inlet and outlet ports and passageways which will be referred to later. The top of the casing 10 is provided at the centerxwith an upwardly extending flange 19 threaded on the-exterior andalso with an opening or bore, both the flange and the openlng being concentric with the axis of the compartment 17 which is likewise the axis of the drill. In a similar manner the cover 11 is provided with a .depending but unthreaded' flange v20 corresponding to the flange 19 and with an opening or bore in line with the similar opening at the top and also concentric with `the anis of the compartment 17.v Fixed in the openings of the casing '10 and in 'the cover 11, are bearing sleeves 21 and 22,. the 'latter having at the bottom a laterally extending flange 23 which takes against the bottom of Vthe depending delige 2).

4Engaging the linner wallsof the bearing 4sleeves '21 and 22 with a close but working t, is a' Ahollow cylindrical shaft 24, to4 which is keyed or otherwise secured one lof the rotazhy Huid actuated driving members 25, what 'in the presentcase' is in theorm of a @er having radial wings or teeth 26. At

the top of the casing; above the compartv ment 18, is a boss 27 and the casingV wall and drical bearing sleeve 29, which is provided 'this boss is provided on the interior with a cylindrical recess, which is concentric with lthe inner cylindrical wall of the compartment 18 and in which is'fixed a hollowcylindrical bearing sleeve 28. Likewiseythe cover 11v is provided with a cylindrical opening or bore in line with the cylindrical recess above referred to and concentric with the cylindrical Wall of the' compartment 1,8. In this passageway is xed a hollow cylin- -fit a shaft 32 to which is keyed orvotherwise secured a second rotary fluid actuated driving gear 33- similar in every respect to the driving gear 26 in the compartment 17 As is shown in Fig. 2 the teeth of these two driving gearsl 26 and 33 intermesh when driven by the impingingof the air-or other motive fluid upon the' teeth. The power derived in -thesegea-rsis transmitted to the shaft 32 and to a drill socketv bysuitable gearing which will be described later. The teeth of the gears 26 and 33T do not directly engage the .cylindrical walls of the corresponding compartments, but each is provided lwith a pair of blades or plates 35 and 36 which are. pressed outward by springs so as to engage the walls of the cylinders or compartments at all times. By referring to Figs. 1 and 3 itv will be seen that the blades of each tooth are in a slot which extends the entire length of the tooth and is somewhat V-shaped, being deeper at the middle of the tooth than at its ends. It will also 4be seen that in the slot of the tooth there are two oppositely arran ed sockets 37 and 38 extending diagona ly inward from opposite ends and in these sockets are arranged coil springsI 39 and 40. Each blade is provided a short distance from each end with a shoulder 41 and witha tongue or .projection 42 which extends into the'corres onding coil spring. By referring particular y to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the shoulders 41 at the u per portions of the blades and the shoul ers 41 at the lower portions of the blades are not in line, but at the to the shoulder of one blade 35 lextends be ow the shoulder of the other blade, and at the bottom the shoulder ofthe latter blade 36 is above the shoulder of the first-mentioned blade. The result of y this construction is that the spring 37 bears only lupon the shoulder of the blade 35 and forces the same upward into engagement with the top of the casing 10, and the spring and 38 engages only the shoulder on the blade 36 orcescthe same downward into close engagement with the surface of the cover 11. Consequently when the drill is in use the blades will at all times be in close engagement with the top and bottom of the casin due to the pressure of the springs, and wi at all times be in close engagement with the cylindrical walls of the compartment 17 and 18 due to the centrifugal force and also to the lateral components of the pressures of the sprin It will be seen that the coil springs w ich surround the tongues of the blades support and hold the latter both at the top and bottom. lith this construction there can be little leakage of the motive fluid between the blades and the walls of the compartments and at the 'same time the blades will be automatically adjusted by thc springs for wear.'

Extending down into the top of the casing and into the hollow shaft 24 1s a feed screw 45 which is provided with a hand wheel 46 fixedthereto and at the to'p with a sharp spud 47 adapted to bear. against an abutment during the drilling operation, the spud havin a threaded shank which engages a threaded opening in )the end of the feed screw. The latter is hollow for a portion of its length and is threaded on the interior,

and receives a feed nut 48, which extends down below the hollow shaft 24, and is vslightly enlarged at its lower end and is threaded on the exterior a short distance from the end. This feed nut is provided at its lower end with a socket in which extends the reduced end of a drill socket 50. The feed nut 48 is also provided with a com; paratively small centrally Ilocated passage way extending from end to end, in which passageway is located a rod 51, the upper end of which extends above the feed nut and the lower end of which extends down into the drill socket 50. The purpose of this rod is to eject tliedrill from the drill socket when it is desired to remove the drill. This is done by merely lowering the feed screw onto the nut until the feed screw engages the rod and forces the drill out. The ct'rver 414 of the gear casing 11 is provided with a depending flange 52, which is threaded on the exterior and also with an opening or bore a slightly reducedv portion of the drill socket within the gear casing. The upward pressure of the tool holder is transmitted to the feed screw by means of ball bearings`56, a ball race 57 arranged on the upper face of l.lilo

the gear 55 and preferably secured to ythe end of the drill socket, and a ball race 58 which is threaded to the lower end of the feed nut- 48, and is secured to the cover 11 by screws 59.

The escape of the motive fluid at the top of the casing around the feed screw is prevented by a stuiiing box 6i) in the form of a i cap which is screwed tightly onto the tlreaded flange 19 and having a. centrally located opening through which the feed screw extends, the stuing box having' suitable packmotive liiuid tothe drill and exhausting the .pipe for the motive fluid.

same therefrom.

By referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that-l the drill is provided with two oppositely extending tubular members 64 and 65, the former of which is screwed into a threaded recessv of a boss V66 and the .latter being screwed into an opening in the wall .of the casing which opening communicates with the valve chamber 16. As is evident these tubular members 64'and 65 serve as handles in supporting or moving the drill, and the tubular member serves also as an inlet The inner wall of the valve chamber is somewhat tapered and at the bottom is provided with a comparatively large opening and at the top with u' smaller opening. lli the viilve chamber 16 is a valve 67', the body or main portion of which is in the form of a truncated cone having two fiat faces 67 the conical portion of the Avalve tting closely the tapered or conical wall of the valve chamber. it the top the valve is lprovided with a reduced port-ion 68 of a size to engage closely the ripper opening in the casing Wall and with a threaded shank 69 which extends upward above the top of the casing, and is rovided with a pair oi 'tightening nuts 70 y means of which the valvecan be drawn tightly @Against the tapered wall of the valve chamber, a washer 71 being interposed between the lower nut 7() and a boss 72 at the top oi' the casinor and surrounding the opening through which the shank of the valve eX- tends. The lower end of the valve extends downward helow 'the casing through the larger opening and is provided with a valve handle 73 by means oi' which the valve can be shifted.

Communicating with the valve chamber directly opposite-the iniet opening, an exheust passageway 74 and at the top of the casing in line with the main portion of the f3@ exhaust opening 7d is a threaded opening into which is tightly sciewed a hollow valve plug 75, the latter resting upon a boss 76 at the top ofthe casing. The body of the valve plug is also threaded on the exterior and receives an adjustable valve-cap 77, the cylindrical wall of which is provided with a number of rows o1' series Aof outlet openings 78l through which the motive fluid may exhaust. The valve cap 77 may be raised or lowered so astoincrease or decrease the number of openingsvthrough which the motive fluid may exhaust, and this device thereby Aserves as a means for controlling the drill, since the motive fluid can be throttled to'any extent desired. To prevent the valve 'cap 7.7 being accidentally shifted, the valve plug is provided with a socket which contains a, small coil spring 79 und u pin 80 which ex* tends upward -into engagement with the top of the valve caprend hasapointed upper end which may take in any one of a series of recesses 81 in the top of the valve cap.

By referring particularly to Fig. 2it will be seen that cored into the wall of the casing, nre two passageways 82 and 83 which extend from the valve chamber 16 along opposite sides of the casing, and that between the passageway '82 and the cylindrical compartments 17 and 18 are a number-of ports or passageways 84, and between the passageway 83 on the opposite side of the casing and the compartments 17 and 18 are nrnumber of similarports or passegeways 85. lt will also be seen .that when the valve is in the position shown in F 2, the motive fluid .is shut olf from the motor, the valve closing both the inlet ening and the exhaust o ning.

o VWhen liowever the valve is shifted .either to the 'r' ht ortothe left the motive duid is admitte to one side of the valveand to one of the . passageways 82 or 83 dependinfv-upon the direction' in which the valve is turned and is admit-ted through the ports to the compartments 17 and 18, said ports being so arranged as to irect the air a einst the teeth of the rotary gears and the l)lades carnot ried thereby so as to drive said gears in y opposite directions. At the same time that the valve isturned so as to place the inlet pipe 65 in communication with one of the passageways 82er 83, the other eway is placed indirect communication wit the eX haustpassageway 74C and hence with the exhaust openings 7 8 in the exhaust valve. lf

- the valve 67 is turned in the opposite direction, the passageway between the valve chamber and compartments 17 and 18 which before was the admission passageway will become the outlet passageway, andthe passageway'vwhich before was the outlet passage! way will become the inlet passageway, and the direction ci rotation of the motor will be reversed.

At the mouths of the pessegeways 82 and 83' are arranged gates @Gand 91 respectively in which are formed openings ,92 and 93respectively and in proximity to said gates are arranged stops 94 and 95 and the arrangement is such that each gate will swing shut under the pressure of the motive fluid entering the passageway at the mouth of which i' it is mounted but will open under the pressure of the fluid escaping from the passageway., Therefore when the motive fluid is entering e-ither of` said passageways it must pass through the small'opening in the gate, and therefore the maximum pressure in the cylinders is kept'constant, the exhaust remaining the same, regardless of the degree to which' the supply valve may be opened and therefore the drill cannot be driven at excessive speed even though the supply valve be carelessly manipulated. Also the small openings in the gates insure a slow and gradual starting of `the drill thereby preventing the drill from being broken.

We do not desire to be confined to the exact details shown but aim in our claims to cover all modicat'ions which do notl involve a departure from thespirit and scope of our invention.

What we claim is,-

1. vIn a motor drill, a leylinde'r,-a rotary driving member supported in" said cylinder, a tool holder, means connecting said driving member and said tool holder, a passageway 4forsupplying the actuating fluid, a valve for controlling the admission of the actuating fluid to. said passageway and a gate arranged in said passageway between the in taketo the cylinder and said valve, said gate being provided with anopening, for the purpose set. forth. n Q l Y Y 2. y In a motor drill a pair of communicating cylinders, a pair ofintermeshin driving gears supported so as to rotate 1x1-said cylinders, a tool holder operatively connected with said'driving gears, a valve chamber, passageways connecting said valve chamber with opposite sides of the two cylinders, said passageways being provided with gates having openings for the passage of the actuat- 'ving fluid, each of said gates beingk arranged to close when the passageway in which itis located is used`as an intake passageway, and to open when the passageway is used as an exhaust passageway, an exhaust passageway also connected to said valve chamber, an inlet pipe for supplying an actuating fluid to said valve'chamber, a valve arranged in said valve chamber, said valve being so constructed that when turned from its normal closed position it wil1'"pla'ce"one of' said passagewayswhich connectsaid valve chamber and said cylinders in communication with the inlet-pipe and the other of said passageways ,y Incommunication with sa'id exhaust passageway.

'y 3. In a motor'drill, a casing, aA driving Y gear therein, said gear having teeth, each of which is provided' with a longitudinal slot and a pair of sockets containing springs, 'a pair of blades in the Islot of each tooth, one of said springs engaging one of the blades so as to press the same in one direction and the other spring engaging the other blade so as to press the samein the opposite direction, a tool holder, means connecting said gear and tool holder and meansv for supplying a motive fluid to said casing so as to rotate said gear.

4. In a motor drill, a casing, a pair of intermcshing driving gears supported in said casing, said gears havin teeth, each of which is rovided with a s ot extending longitudinal y thereof,` a pair of outwardly extending blades. in the slot of each tooth, a pair of springs also carried by each tooth, one of said springs engaging one of the blades so as to press the same in one direction and the other spring engaging the other blade so as to press the same in the opposite "direction, a tool holder, driving means connecting said gears and tool holder, and means for supplyin motive fluid to said casing so as to rotate t e gears. v

v 5. In a motor drill, a casing, a pair of intermeshing driving gears supported in said casing, each of the teeth of said ears having a slot extending longitudinal y thereof and having a pair of sockets, a air of blades iny the slot of each tooth, sai blades having shoulders and tongues projectin into said sockets, ,the adjacent shoulders o the two blades bein out of alinement with each other, springs 1n said sockets, and surrounding the tongues, one. of the springs bearing upon the shoulder of one of the blades so as to force the same in one direction and the other sprirgg bearing upon the shoulder of the other de so as to force the same' in the opposite direction, a tool holder, ay driving connection between said gears and the tool holder, and means for supplying a motive iuid to said casing so as to rotatethe gears.

6. In a. motor drill, a casing, a rotary driving member supported in said casing, a valve for supplying a motive Huid to the casing, an exhaust valve having means whereby the area of the exhaust outlet may be adjusted, a tool holder and means connecting said driving member and tool holder.

7 In a motor drill, a casing, 'a rotary driving member in said casing, a valve for admitting a motive iuid to said casing,.an exhaust valve comprising a valve seat and an adjustable valve cap carried thereb said cap having a lurahty of openings through which the ex aust may take place, a tool holder, and means connecting said driving memberand tool holder.

8. In a motor drill, a casing, a hollow shaft journaled in the opposite walls of said casing, a rotary driving member fixed tosaid shaft, a second shaft journaled in thi casing walls and a second driving memberfixed to said shaft and engaging the firstnamed driving member, a feed screw extending into the hollow shaft, a fixed feed member engaging said feed screw, a drill socket, gearing connecting the drill socket and sec- .ondmentioned shaft, and means for trans-y mitting the thrust of said drill socket to the feed screw.

` 9. In a motor drill, a casing, a hollow shaft journaled in the opposite walls thereof, a second shaft likewise journaled in lthe walls of the casing, said shafts having intel'- meshing driving gears adapted to be rotated by Huid pressure and said second-mentioned shaft having a pinion, a pair of threaded feed, members extending lnto said hollow shaft and one being fixed with respect theref l sleeves also fixed in the walls 5f the casing, a

second shaft journaled in said last-named bearing sleeves, a air of intermeshing driving gears adapte to be actuated byfluid pressure mounted on said shafts and said second-named shaft having a pinion xed thereto, a pair of feed members one fixed and the other movable extending in said hollow shaft, a drillsocket havin one end extending into one end of saidk ed feed vsocket and the other secured member and having a gear meshing with said pinion, and means for transmitting the pressure from said drill socket to said feed members comprising ball bearings and a air of ball races, one movable with the rill to said fixed feed member.

1l. In a motor drill, a casing, comprising a main or body portion, a combined cover and gear casing secured thereto, and a cover for said gear casing, a pair of bearing sleeves fixed in the Wall of the main portion of said casing and in the wall of the cover therefor, a hollow shaft journaled in said bearing sleeves, bearing sleeves also secured in alinement in the main portion of the casing, in the wall of the gear casing and in the wall of the cover for said gear casing, a second shaft journaled in saidlast-mentloned'bean ing sleeves, a pair of intermeshing driving gears adapted to be actuated by fluid pressure mounted on said shafts and said secondnamed shaft havin also a pinion fixed thereto, a pair of fee members one fixed and the other movable extending in said hollow shaft, a drill socket having one end extending into the adjacent end of ysaid fixed feed member and having a gear meshing with said pinion, and means for ,transmitting pressure from said drill socket to said feed members comprising ball bearings and a air of ball races one movable with the rill socket and the other secured to sai l fixed feed member and to the casing wall.

Signed by us at Cleveland, Ohio, this 3rd day of July, 1908. I

MARTIN MCCUNE.

l JOSEF F. MELOUN. Witnesses:

DANmL E. DALY, VICTOR C. LYNCH.

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