US926564A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

W. H. HOLLOPETER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1907.

Patented June 29, 1909.

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A TTORNEYS ['VIYNES W. H. HOLLOPETER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1907.

926,564. Patented June 29, 1909:

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luuenfoz fin? w H i Stratumsecured to each side support on the top.

ing at Portland, in the county of Multnoniah shaft driven by WILLIAM H. HOLLOPETER,

FICE.

or PORTLAND, OREGON.

INTERNAL-COMB USTION ENGINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 29, 1908.

Application filed July 16, 1907. Serial No. 388,994.

To altwhom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, VVILLIAM ll. lloLLo- PETER, a citizen of the United States, residand State of Oregon, have invented a new and useful Internal-Combustion Engine, of wliiich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an explosion or internal combustion engine of the four cycle; type, which is designed to give a variable speed to the driving shaft with constant power.

One object of this invention is to provide a mechanism by means of which the speed of a an internal combustion engine may be gradually changed from. an extremely slow to an extremely rapid rotation, or the reverse, Without the use of changeable speed gearing.

With this and other objects in view the in vention consists of the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and pointed out in the several claims.

In the accompanying drawings:-Figure 1 is aneleva'tion of a portion of a multi-c lindcr internal combustion engine, three cylinders only being shown operating to revolve the same crank shalt, ore cylinder and part of the frame being iii section. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an end elevation, partly in section of the frame, a portion of a cylinder, and the speed changing mechanism.

Similar numerals o l rclcrcnrc indicate the same parts on. nll thc lig'uros.

The numeral indicator; parl' ol the shclcton lraino ol :1. n'iuiii-cylinder explosion or internal combustion engine, comprising two similar; vertically placed sidc supports 2 (one only being shown in the drawing), suitably spaced apart and jlirnily connected together in any well known manner. l lxtvnding lroni one side support to the other and at corresponding ends thcrcol, is a llat base plate 3 Bolted to the base plate 3 is an explosion cylinder 5, or, as represented in the drawings, a plurality of such cylinders. The cylinders 5 are common to this type of engine and need not be described. lurthcr than to say that they are open. at their innerends, provided with means for coolin and at their outer ends are to be lound inlet and exhaust Valves, and in each cylinder an explosion chamber. Within each cylinder is a reciprol eating piston 6 operating through a pitman 7, a rocking lever 8 lulcrumed on a shiltable shaft 9. The opposite end ol the rocking lever 8 rotates the driving shalt 10 by means of a link 1],, pivoted thereto. engaging a crank 12 on said shaft. The sliltable lulcruni shalt 9 is preferably tubular and projects through an inclined slot 13 in each side support 2, one end ol said shalt having socured thereto a worm wheel 14 rotatable by a worm 15 on one end of a telescopic shalt 16, said shalt end being carried by a bearing 17 hun on the fulcrum shalt 9 as clearly shown in higs. 1 and 3. Each end ol the lulcruni shalt turns in a sliding bearing 18 situated between upper and lower guide bars 19-2O integral with or attached to the inner lace of each side support .2 on opposite sides of the inclined slot 13. On the inner edge ol each guide bar 15) is a rack :21 with which a pinion .22, secured to the fulcrum shalt 9, engages. When therelore, the worm 15 is rotated, the lulcruin shalt turns and at the same time, through the pinion and rack above described, it moves bodily in the slots 13 toward or lroin the main or crank shalt 10, the direction of movement depending upon the direction in which the worm is rotated. The slots 13 are inclined downwardly lronr the cylinder toward the crank shalt at a certain predetermined angle for a purpose to be described later on.

Each rocking lover S is provided with a long longitudinal slot 23 in which a sliding bearing box 2-l, carried by the lulcruni shalt 9, is arranged to slide as said shalt is moved. A rack 25 is 'llxcd on one side ol each rocking lover 8 above the longitudinal slot, with whirh a pinion 26, secured on the lulcruni shalt ll, engages. The object ol the rack and pinion is to keep the rocking lovcrlroin n1oving cndwisc as the lulcl'uin shalt 9 travels .long the slot :23 to change the leverage also, to prevent the rocking lcvcr lroin becoming displaced while the engine is running which would happen were not some means em ployed for locking said lever to the fulcrum shalt, as lor instance, by the teeth 01' the ,pinion 26 and rack bar 25.

With the lulcruin shalt 9 in the-position shown in the drawin 's, the length of piston stroke will be the same as the crank throw, but, as the fulcrum shaft is carried in the direction ol the cylii'rder 5 the length of piston stroke becomes shorter, while if the lulcrum shalt be moved in the opposite direction or toward the crank shaft the piston stroke becomes longer, it )eing understood that the crank throv.

is a constant quantity. The guides in the frame along which the i'uicrum travels are inclined at such an angle to the length of the rock arms when the latter are in the median position, that the ratio between the pi ton displacement and the clearance volume remains constant for any length of stroke. 'EIence the explosive mixture being compressed to the same degree and the exploded gases having the same expansive ratio, the pressure on the piston at any part of its stroke is the some for all strokes, and if the resistance to the piston movement does not vary, the piston speed will remain constant for all strokes, and, s nce the number of strokes and the speed of the crank vary inversely as the length of stroke when ,maintaining the same linear speed, it is obvious that the piston speed may remain constant and develop the same power for any speed of crank.

The skeleton frame 1 is preferably covered by a sheet metal casing 7 i to protect and inclose the rock levers, cranks and connecting arts.

T e means for rotating the worm shaft will depend upon the use to which the engine isput. One form of operating mechanism is illustrated in Fig. 3 where it will be seen that the shaft 16 is made in two parts, a lower or socketed section 27 carrying the worm 15 and seated at one end in the bearing 17 and at the other end in a second bearing 28 attached to the side support 2, and a squared upper section 29 longitudinally movable within the socketed member and provided with a bevel gear 30, at its upper end engaging a larger gear 31 provided; with any convenient means for rotating it.

The pistons are lubricated by the force feed system. An annular chamber 82 is formed in the piston from which numerous small holes 33 extend to the outside of the piston and deliver oil between the packing rings 34. A pipe 35 connecting with the annular chain or is arranged to slide with each movement of the piston, into andout of an oil receptacle 36 attached to the engine frame 1. If preferred a flexible tube maybe substituted for the rigid pipe. A second opening 32' leads from the annular chamber 32 normally closed by a. plug 32 but which is removed when the chamber is cieanod.

The operation of the engine will be readily understood from the foregoing description and a detailed recital thereof will not be necessary.

Among the advantages obtained by an engine constructed as above it may be noted that the speed may be varied gradually and a constant power be maintained at all speeds which is not possible with internal combustion engines connected directly with the plane at an angle to the len n of tn arm or lever when the latter is 311 ii 1 tion of the structure, a pinion on the fol an adjustable fulcrum shaft for control ot the maximum or highest 0th in be developed only at as men; are changes of ratios. engine which require etiei more accessible than in eng J i use, Lubrication is applied directly to th required parts instead of covering the Miiulfi machine with oil as in the splash system. This gives a cleaner engine and makes n blc such adjustments required," cially when used on automobiles, wither soiling the hands and clothing.

Having described the iLa Bi'iihlll what claimed is 1. In an internal combustion cu f... crank shaft, 8. piston. 2. rock arm or tween the crank shaft and. the pist on the rock arm or lever, a mo ble for the rock arm or lever ed position, and adjusting means crum locking the latter to the roe ve-r against displacement from ad tions, comprising a pinion carried by crum in engagement with the rack on rock erm, a shaft carrying the pinion, on other pinion on the shaft, s rack on a lixedv portion of the engine eng ged by the it named pinion, and means for rotating the sh aft carrying the pinions.

2. in an internal combustion engine, a power cylinder, 2. piston, a crank shr slotted rock arm or lever between said piston and crank shaft, 9. ra carried by rock arm or lever, an adjustable fulcrum slidsble in said rock arm or lever, shaft can o the sliding fulcrum, a reel: carried by a ti l per shaft engaging said fir d rack, moans i'or ro toting said fulcrum sluiit, another pinion on the fulcrum shaft and engaging; the rack on the rock arm or leye r.

3. In an internal. combustion eng power cylinder, :2. piston ii PNlIl, shaft, a rock arm or lever l -.=;-ueon s: 'd T and the crank shaft, au'adj .a shaft for said rock arm or f l i (i crank for rotating said fulcrum shaft.

4. An internal combustion engine ('fifl prising a plurality cl explosion cylin istons therein, a crauli shaft, rock a overs between the crank shaft and arms or levers and means for simu 2111118 01 C-VSI'S 5. An internal combust on engine comprising a plurality of power cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft, a slotted rock arm or lever between each of said istons and the crank shaft, a fulcrum s iaft extending through the slots in all of the rock arms or levers, a rack baron each rock arm or lever, a rack bar on a fixed portion of the engine, pinions on said fulcrum shaft and engaging the rack bars on the rock arms or levers and on the fixed portion of the engine, and means for rotating said fulcrum shaft to simultaneously change the pivotal points of all the rock arms or levers.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising aplurality of power cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft, a slotted rock arm or lever between each of said istons and the crank shaft, a fulcrum s aft extending through the slots in all of the rock arms or levers, a rack bar on each rock arm or lever, a rack bar on a fixed portion of the engine, sald WILLIAM H. HOLLOPETER.

lNitnesses:

HOWARD SHIREMAN PAUL S. Fuons.

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