US898365A - Hydraulic press. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

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APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1907.

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PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

T. E. HOLMES. HYDRAULIC PRESS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. '22, 1907.

NO- 898,865. PA TENTBD SEPT. s, 1908.

T. E. HOLMES. HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1907.

5 SHEBTS SHEET 5.

32 m as 33 BEST. AVAILABLE cop? BEST AVAILABLE COPY r1 r1 r TED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

THOMAS EDMUND HOLMES, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND, ASSIGN OR OF ONE-HALF TO DAVY- BROTHERS LIMITED, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND, .A CORPORATION.

' HYDRAULIC rREss.

' To all whom it may. conc n: I

' Be it known that l, THoMAs EDMUND HOLMES, a subject of the Kin of Great Brit ain, and'resident of 8 Oakda e road, Nether Edge, Sheffield, in the county of York, England, engineer and chief draftsman, have invented certain new and useful Im rove enabling a press be worked slowly with long'strokes or ments in Hydraulic Presses, of which t e following is a specification, 10

This invention relates to hydraulic forging presses and the like worked by means of steam hydraulic intensifier apparatus, and wherein the valves for controlhng the admission and exhaust of steam to and from the, intensifier and lifting cylinders and for controll the connections between'th air vessel an the high )ressure hydrauli 1 system are-all controlled y a single handing lever.

The invention has for its object to'simplify and eilrlpedite the action of the press by its movements (whether the rapidly with short strokes) to be controlled by means of the single handing lever referred tively to the intensifier cylinder and to the lifting cylinders are controlled b independent valves, the steamsupply an exhaust to and from the intensifier cylinder being preferably controlled by separate dro valves actuated by means of automatical y acting hunting gear adapted both to prevent excess ive movement of the intensifier steam piston and also to cause steamto be cut off from the intensifier cylinder at a point in the stroke of the'piston corresponding to the position to Y which the handing lever has been set. While,

however the valves appertaining to the intensifier cyhnder are coupled to the building lever permanently, the valve or valves contrip mechanism, in such manner that steam trolling the steam supply and exhaust to and from the lifting. cylinders is or are coupled to the same handing lever dctachably through the medium of automatically acting is normally admitted to the lifting cylinders but is exhausted therefrom during the earlier s Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed August 22, 1907. Serial No. 389,659.

' of rest.

Patented Sept. s, 1908.

part of the longer pressing strokes of the main ram, all the requisite opening and closing movements of the various valves, in-

either method of working, bein produced simply by the oscillation of the single'handing lever through different ortions of its own maximum possible ang ar movement.

The invention will be described with refer-- ence to the accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is an elementary (or partly dia'- grammatic) elevation of a forging press with steam hydraulic intensifier a paratus adapt ed to be controlled by a sin lb handing lever as above stated, the parts being in position Fig. 2 is a similar view of the handing lever the valves, and parts more immediately associated therewith drawn to a admission and exhaust of steam to and from the lifting cylinders of the ress, and the connections betweeii said va ve and levers,

in various positions occupied durin the workin of the press. Fig. 8 is a detai view of another valve, drawn to a larger scale.

Similar reference numerals denote corresponding parts throughout the drawings.

larger scale. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are views of the handing lever, the valve for controlling 1 is the anvil or bed-die; 2 the pres shead'; 3 i

the main hydraulic rain connected to the presshead; 4 the cylinder wherein the ram 3 works; 5, 5 are the lifting cylinders wherein work the pistons 6, 6 which are coupled to the presshead 2 by the rods 7, 7; 8 is the steam piston of the intensifier, this piston working in the cylindert) and having a piston rod 10 in one with the hydraulic ram 1 1 of the intensifier, and 12 is the cylinder wherein the ram 11 works, the cylinders 4 and 12 being connected by the hydraulic high pressure pipe 13.

n the example illustrated, the supply and exhaust of steam to and from the intensifier cylinder 9 are controlled respectively by double-beat drop valves 14 and 15, steam from the boiler being admitted as at 16 to the chamber-17 of the supply valve 14 and passing thcnce on the opening of said valve, by a passage 18 to the chamber 19 of the exhaust valve 15, which chamber 19 is in permanent connnunication through a passagcQO with the lower end of the cylinder 9.

The supply and exhaust of steam to and from the lifting cylinders 5 are controlled. by means of a single piston valve .21 whose chamber 22 is in wnnmunication on the one BEST AVAILABLE copy hand through the passage 23 with the inteni through the medium of automatically acting sifier steam su ply valve chamber 17 and therefore with t e main steam inlet '16 and on the other hand through the pipe 24 and branch pipes 25 with the lower ends of the respective lifting cylinders 5.

26 and 27 are respectively theexhaust steam pipes leading from the valve chambers 19 and 22 to the main exhaust pipe 28.

29 is the air vessel, which communicates with the hydraulic high pressure pipe 13 through the branch pipe 30.. This pipe (in example illustrated) is controlled by a valve 31, (see Fig. 8) which is normally held closed by the pressure in the pipe 13 but is adapted to open automatically under the ressure in' the air vessel 29, so as to allow t e pipe 13 and cylinders 4 and 12 to become filled with water when the rains 3 and 11 descend by their own weight and thus create a partial vacuum in the hydraulic high pressure sy tem. When this system is full of water and the ram 3 is to be raised preparatory to making a working stroke, the valve 31 is opened positively so as to allow waterto be returned to the air vessel. This may be effected by means of fluid pressure admitted to a cylinder 32 wherein works a piston 33 coupled to the valve 31, the admission and exhaust of motive fluid to and from the cylinder 32 be-.

ing controlled by means of a slide valve 34 working in a chamber 35 constantly supplied as at'36 with said fluid. Normally the valve 34 maintains communication between its exhaust ipe 37 and the pipe 38 which connects the cylinder 32 and valve chamber35, so that the valve 31 is permitted .to remain on its seat, but when water is to be returned from the pipe 13 to the air vessel 29, the slide valve 34 is actuated to close the exhaust 37 and admit fluid pressure to the cylinder 32,

such movement .of the slide valve being offected at the proper time (in opposition to a weight 39 tending to maintain the valve in the normal position shown in Figs. 1 and 2) by means of the banding lever 40 which is then brought into position to actuate a tappet 41 connected to the slide valve.

In small presses the valve 31 may be opened, to allow the return of water from the pipe 13 to the air vessel, not by fluid pressure admitted beneath a piston 33 under the control of the handing lever 40 as above de scribed, but by manual power transmitted from the handin lever to the valve through the medium of ever and link mechanism. The handing lever 40 is mounted to oscillate about a fixed fulcrum 42, and in the example illustrated has three arms whereof the shorter arms 43 and 44 are respectively coupled to the mechanisms for controlling the movement of the valves 14., 15 and 21 uppertaining to the intensifcr and lifting cylinders respectively. Preferably, as shown the intensifier steam valves 1'4, 15 are controlled preferred tolemploy, and which is illustrated in Fig. 1., is constructed as follows: The stems 45 and 46 ofthe valves 14 and15 are respectively coupled through pin-and-slot connections as at 47 and 48 to a lever 49. mounted to oscillate about a fixed fulcrum 50 one arm of thelever 49 being coupled through a link 51 to an intermediate point 52 in the length of a floating lever 53 whereof one end is connected to the arm 43 of the bandin lever while the other end is connected by a link 54 to the control mechanism of the hunting gear."" Since, in the arrangement illustrated, the pressure of the steam as it passes to the intensifier cylinder 9.will tend to'hold open the steam sup ly valve 14, this valve is permanently loa ed mountedjupon the ram 11 and caused by the reeiprocations of the latter to roll up and down in contact with the bar. The bar 56 is supported as at 58, 59 by one arm of each of a pair of bell-crank levers mounted to os'cillate about fixed fulcrums 60, 61 the other arms 62, 63 of the respective levers being coupled by a link 64 winch may also serve to carry a counterweight 65 tending to maintain the bar 56 in the normal position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The arm 62 of one of the levers is coupled by the link 54, already mentioned, to the floating ever 53.

In the normal or resting position ofthe various parts, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, the banding lever 40 occupies a mid position 407', to the. left-hand side of which are the various positions that may be assumed by the lever when the press-hezul 2 is performing a working stroke. if attention be confined for the moment to the hunting gear and parts controlled thereby, it will be seen that if the handing lever be moved towards the leftti. e. in the. direction of the arrow 1*) to any particular angular distance from the mid position 40, and is held in such new position, thus opening to a. corresponding extent the steam supply valve 14, it follows gradually close automatically. Ilene-e also the piston 8 will be prevented from overrunmng its full legitimate active stroke in conse quence of the momentum acquired when the handing lever40 is held over in the extreme left-hand position, since the action of the hunting-gear will have for effect to cause the steam supply valve 14' to close so gradually,

before the piston has reached theend of its upward stroke, that the momentum of the iston will be gradually-absorbed instead of eing suddenly checked. The piston valve 21 is normally disconnected from the handin lever 40, and rests by gravity against a stop,

66 in position to enable steam to gain access to the underside of the lifting pistons'6.

From this position the valve 21 maybe raised during a certain part of the stroke of the handing lever, so as to cut off the steam supply to the lifting'cylinders 5 and 0 en the latter to exhaust, by first moving t io handing lever towards theright (i. e. in the direction 'of the arrow y) to a position wherein a plunger .67, permanently coupled to the arm 44,, 3

becomes automatically interlocked with a socket 68 wherein the plungeris fitted to ermanently coupled The result is that when the movement of the banding lever is reversed, the valve 21 will participate in the upward movcmentof the arm 44 until the longer 67 and socket 68 become auto- .matlcally disconnected, whereupon although the movement of thehani'ling leverctowards the left may continue, the valve 21 will fall back to its normal position.

' The trip mechanism whereby the plunger 67 and socket 68 are thus automatically "ngaged with and disengaged from one another, comprises a latch-bolt 70,fitted to slide-trans versely through an aperture in the wall of the socket 68 and constantly pressed inwards by a spring 71 so as to tend to become interlocked with a notcu 72 in the side of the plunger 67 when the latter has entered a certain distance into the socket, and a bell-cra'nk lever 73 [ulcrurned to the socket CS and engaging by one of its arms with the latch bolt '70 so that,when the socket 654 has been raised so as to cause the other arm oftho lever'73 to encounter a fixed stop 74, this lc'ver will be actuated, the

latch-bolt T l will be withdrawn from the notch 72, and the socket 68 will befree to fall soas to allow the valve 21 to return to resting position on its seat 66.

It will be observed that so long as the various arts are in the position shown ,in Fig. 1, witi the banding lever in its mid or neutral position 40 and both the intensifier and main hydraulic rams 11 and 3 resting at the BEST AVAILABLE coPYa w'ard movement of the ram 3 can result from the steam pressure on the pistons 5. If, now, itbe desired to set the press in operation water must first belet out of the pipe 13 so as to enable the pistons 5 to raise the main ram 3 and presshead 2 suificiently to accommodate the work on the anvil 1. For .this purpose the slide valve 34 must be actuated in the manner already described for opening the valve 31, and this is done by moving thehanding lever from the neutral position 40 towards the right (i. e. in the direction of the arrow y) until on reaching the the ever lifts the tap et 41 and so causes motive fluid to be admitted beneath the .piston 33, the consequentopening of the valve 31 removing the obstruction to the upward movement of the ram3 and pistons 6. The handing lever being new at the osition 40" (or a little to the right thereof) t o nature of its further movements will depend upon whether it is desired to work the ress with long or short and rapid strokes. n the latexhaustion of the cylinder {6 being therefore unnecessary, the handing lever may be tion at the left of its neutral position 40 between which and the ex ureme left-hand posis tion 40 (see Fig. 4) corresponding to the full 3 to be driven down repeatedly and rapidly in opposition to the steam pressure on the pistons 6 whereby it is promptly raised at If, however, it be desired to work the press with long (and relatively slow-) strokes, it is necessary to exhaust the lifting cylinders 5 so as to allow the presshead 2 to drop, and also to keep these cylinders exhausted during the earlier portion of the working stroke of the press (or until the steam inlet valve 14 of the intensifier has been slightly'opened) so to'prevent the prcss head rising until the working or pressing stroke has commenced. It is also desirable to again admit steam to the lifting cylinders 5 during the pressing stroke, or when the steam inlet valve 14 is opened, so as, without sensibly checking the ,force withwhich the ram 3 descends, to pro vide an elastic cushion of live steam beneath the pistons 6 in readiness (the moment required) to cause the-ram 3 to be properly raised in preparation for another working stroke. In this case the banding lever must be moved beyond the position 40" towards the right until, on the lever reaching the (X- osition 40 (see Fig. 3) the arm 43 of.

opening of the valve 14, the handing lever may then be oscillated so as to cause the ram versal of the stroke of the prcsshcad 2 is rcdraulic cylinders 12 and 4 and their connecting pi e 13 will be full -of water and consequent y (the-valve 31, being closed) no upter case a permanent elastic cushion of live steam 18 required beneath the pistons 6, and

moved directly back from 40 to any osieach reverse movement of the handing lever. 1

treme right hand position 40 (see Fig. 5)

.the latch-bolt 70 engages the notch 72. On the handing lever passing the position 40',

the valve 31 will as before be opened and the.

" from the lifting cylinders which will also then begin to be opened to the exhaust with the result that the presshead 2, having by this time been raised to the desired extent, will he allowed to descend by gravity on to the work, meanwhile drawing water from the air vessel 29 into the pipe 13 so as to fill up the hydraulic high pressure svstem. The continuance of the' movement of the handing lever towards the left will open the valve 21 fully to exhaust and will so retain it during the idle descent of the presshead, and during that first portion of the pressing stroke of the ram 3 which commences on the handing lever passing its neutral position 40 and be-- 25 ginning to open the steam valve 14. l/Vhen however, the handing lever reaches the position 40 (see Fig. '7) whereat the bell-crank lever 73 encounters the sto 74, the latchbolt 70 will be tri ed and t e valve 21 will l fall, closing the li ting cylinders 5 to the exhaust and again admitting steam' under the pistons 6, so that the remainder of the workmg stroke of the ram 3 (during which the handing lever may be moved from 40to 40) will be performed against a cushion of live steam in the cylinders 5. On the com letion of a long working stroke, the han ing lever is returned towards the right-hand side of its neutral position thus opening the 40 intensifier steam exhaust valve 15, while, be- .fore another long stroke is begun the handing lever is moved to the extreme right-hand position 40, the entire cycle of operations already described being thereafter gone through.

If at an time while the press is being worked with short strokes it should be found that the presshead 2 is too high, the handing lever must be moved to the position 40 so as,

by causing the valve 21 to be 0 ened to exhaust on the reversal ofthe ham ing lever, to enable the presshead to descend on to the work (or as far as may be re uired) before proceeding with the short stro es.

When it is desired to bring the parts to the position of rest shown in Fig. l, the handing lever must first be moved to the positionAO and then brought to and let in the neutral position 40.

It will be observed that by the use of the present invention the loss of time hitherto involved in changing from the long-stroke to the short-stroke method of working and vice versa is saved, which is important as the number of such changes and consequent BEST AVAILABLE COPY waste of valuable time in forging each piece is often considerable. The operator also finds it to his own advantage to \vifirk on the short-stroke method, since this requires much less labor than is involved in moving the handing leverthrough its full travel, as

required for long strokes. Hence the tendency will always be to work the ress with short and rapid strokes, which wi l secure a further economy both in time and in steam consumption. Time will be saved inas-' much as when working with long strokes the prcsshead is liable to be lifted unnecessarily high, and steam will be economized because the steam pressure being constantly 0 admitted tothe lifting cylinders, condensation in the latter will be reduced.

A further advantage is to be found in the ease and simplicity of the working of the press, the operator being able to use'both 5 hands for moving the handing lever. Moreover, if hunting-gear (such for example as above described) be used for controlling the intensifier steam valves 14 and 15, there is no idle movement of the handing lever in working these valves, so that the travel of the handing leverin actuating said valves is relatively much less than in presses of the usual type.

I claim:

1. The combination of a hydraulic press, steam hydraulic intensifier ap )aratns for operating the same, an air vessel, valves for controlling the admission and exhaust of steam to and from the intensifier and the lifting cylinders of the press and for controlling ;the connection between the high pressureh draulic system and the air vessel, a sing e hand lever for operating all ofsaid valves, connections between said lever 1'05 and the several valves, and trip mechanism interposed in the connection between the lever and the valve appertaining to the lifting cylinders and adapted to automatically couple and uncouple said valve to and from the lever in such manner that steam will be normally admitted to the lifting cylinders but will be exhausted therefrom during the earlier part of the working strokes of the press when working with long strokes.

2. The combination with a hydraulic press and a steam hydraulic intensifier apparatus for operating the same, and valves for controlling the admission and exhaust of steam to and from the intensifier and the lifting 0371- inders of the press, of a single lever for operating said valves and trip mechanism interposed between the lever and the valve of the lil ting cylinders for coupling and uncoupling said valve to and from the lever at predc- 1.25 tel-mined intervals, whereby to permit the steam to'cxhaust from the lifting cylinders during the early part of the stroke when the p ess is working on long strokes.

3. The combination with a hydraulic press for operating the same, and valves lever at predetermined A to permit the steam to exhaust from the] and a steam hydraulic intensifier apparatus or contro the admission. and exhaust of steam to an from the intensifier-and the lifting cylinders of the press and for eontrollin' the connection between the air ves'selamfi'the high pressure hydraulic system, of a single lever for operating all of said valves, and trip mechanism inte osed between the lever; and the valve of the fting c linders for coupling and uncoupling said va ve to-and' from the intervals, whereby lifting cylinders during the early part ofthe stroke when the press is working on long strokes. I a

4. Thecombination of a hydrauliepress,

Y steam hydraulic intensifierap aratus for operating the same, an airsvesse valves for controlling the admission and exhaust of steam to and from .the Yintensifier and the lifting cylinders of the press and for controlling the connection between the high pressure h draulic system and the air ves-' sel, a sing e.lever fo'r operating all 'ofsaid valves, hunting gear. com mg to maintaina-pre etermined angular rising a lever tend- 4 BEST AVAILABLE COPY I position and earn mechanism 0 erated by the placinsaid ist0n of the intensifier for p I ever to an angular extent corresponding to the advance 0 handing lever, and to t said piston, a floating lever connected to said huntin gearlever, to, the e he valves for con-- trolling the admission .and exhaust ofjsteain Y Y to and "from the intensifier, connections between the hand lever and the'valve-for eon-i 1 trolling thefconnection between the high pressure hydraulic system and the 'air vessel.

and between the hand lever-and the valve 1 trip mechanism inter osed the last thenfor controlling the-admission and exhaust-of stearnto andifro-m-ithe lifting7tcylinders, and i tionedconne'etion an adapted to autornatienormallfl admitted to the lifting "cylinders but wil be.exhausted'therefrom during the allyeouple andun'couple to and: from the earlier art'of -thetvorkingstrokes'b the press wlien'working with lon strokes.

r v THOMAS 1 )1':1,=, HOLM S; Wit'nesses:4 Y

CHAS; N. DANiELs.

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