US882896A - Threshing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTED MAR. 24, 1908.

F. F. LANDIS.

THRESHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Jun 26,1002.

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No. 882,896. PATENTED MAR. 24, 1908.

' 'P. F. LANDIS.

THRESHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26; 1902.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THRE SHIN G-MACHIN E Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 24, 1908.

Application filed June 26, 1902. Serial No. 113,350.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK F. LANDIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at VVa-ynesboro, in the county of Franklin and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Threshing- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

Any improvement in the arrangement and construction of parts of a threshing machine whereby the number of its parts may be reduced and the machine made shorter is of great advantage in that a considerable saving is effected in the cost of construction, also a' saving of space for its accommodation in use (alpd in shipping, and a saving of labor in haning.

The object of my said invention is, there fore, to provide a threshing machine wherein the great portion of the grain may be separated from the straw at and near the front end of the machine, without passing through the usual separating mechanism, which may thereby be reduced in length and number of parts without reducing the capacity of the machine or rendering its operation less effective, and it consists in various improvements in the construction and arrangement ofparts, whereby these objects are accomplished and these advantages secured, all as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

which are made a part hereof, and on which similar reference characters indicate similar parts: Figure 1 is a, longitudinal section. through the main portion of a threshing machine embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 a horizontal section looking downwardly from the dotted line 2-2 in Fig. 1, the cylinders being omitted.

In said drawings the portions marked A represent the cylinder, B the concave, C the separating grate, D a secondary cylinder, and E a second separating grate.

In general the machine is substantially like the well-known form of threshing machine except the changes incident to the use of the secondary cylinder and separating grates, which are therefore the only parts that need to be described in detail.

The cylinder A is of the form shown, or any ap roved form, and is mounted in any suitab e manner. The concave B is also of a well known or any approved construction and arrangement, being composed of bars mounted in suitable supports 1), which bars are provided with the usual concave teeth I). I have shown two of these bars, but, as will be understood, one only may be found sufficient for the purpose under some conditions While under others more than two may be required. The supports Z) are or may be of any well known or suitable form, those shown consisting of curved bars suitably supported and provided with channels on their adjacent faces between flanges to receive and support the ends of the bars.

The separating grate C, which constitutes one of the leading features of my invention, is made up of a series of angle bars, which extend transversely of the machine and have a series of webs c on their upper edges which extend transversely of said bars rearwardly to near the front edge of the next bar, preferably those on one bar being in line with those on the adjacent bars, so that their u per edges form practically a continuous rib with short interstices at intervals running in the direction of the travel of the straw. Said ribs being arranged only a short distance apart form a floor of narrow smooth edges which offers but slight resistance to the travel of the straw, while moving over the grate, thus greatly reducing the friction and consequently requiring much less power to operate the machine. The main portion of said grate is composed of a number of said angle bars with webs on their top edges mounted on curved end pieces C, which are suitably supported on the frame of the machine behind and beneath the cylinder, its contour being approximately that of the cylinder, curving away from said cylinder slightly at the rear or top end of the grate to give free clearance for the discharge of the straw from the teeth of the cylinder. Other short sections of said grate are made to correspond in size with the concave sections, with which they may be interchanged in the concave supports 6. Thus only that number of concave sections required for the work will be used, the remain: ing space being filled. with sections of the separating grate. I find that good results can be secured by interposing a grate section between two toothed concave bars, and such an arrangement is easily secured by this construction of parts, as will be readily understood. The angle bars O are arran ed so that the front face of the upper side will stand at such an angle that the grain will be deflected backward and downward, the lower wing serving to prevent the ends of short stiff straws from being deflected down with the grain. The structureof the grate is thus substantially the same as that shown in my application No. 104,688, filed April 25, 1902 which contains the generic claims therefor.

The cylinder D is located behind the cylinder A and is provided with teeth cl, preferably somewhat nearer together in both longi- 7 tudinal and circumferential rows than the teeth of the threshing cylinder.

The grate E is of the form shown and is composed of transverse angular bars with the longitudinally extending webs e on their upper ed es, formed and arranged as in the grate above described, only. preferably smaller and somewhat closer together. Said grate E preferably extends from a point just under the front side of cylinder D on a curve corresponding to that of said cylinder around its rear side to a suitable point to discharge onto the straw bottom 3. The angle bars in grate E, as in grate C, are arranged to deflect the grain striking them backward toward the front of the machine and downward.

The webs c and e on both grates C and E are arranged in line with the teeth of the respective cylinders A and D which pass directly over said webs and near thereto. In operation much of the grain threshed from the straw by cylinder A in passing over the concave will strike the angle bars C and be deflected downward out of the path of the straw onto the grain bottom at a point immediately beneath the cylinder. The straw is doubled around the teeth of the cylinder and driven over the grate, being permitted to spread out and loosen up in its passage. By reason of the teeth delivering the straw on the top edges of the webs or ribs the straw spreads and loosens u which allows the grain to readily escape from the straw and be thrown onto said grate and deflected to the grain bottom.

The straw after passing over the upper end of the first separating grate is thrown by the speed of the threshin cylinder A violently against the deflector plate 1 at such an angle that the angle of deflection directs the straw in an even stream and at a rapid speed onto the hopper-like apron 2 and into the throat of the cylinder D. The violent concussion upon the straw when striking the deflector is very effectual in threshing the tailings which may still remain in the straw after passing over the grate C. The very abrupt change of the course of the straw under the deflector 1 also loosens and changes the relation of all the straws, one to the other, and delivers the straw to the second or separating cylinder D in a far better condition to eflect a thorough and final separation than if the straw were fed from one cylinder to another in an unbroken stream. The teeth of the separating cylinder D are of the form and length best suited to move the straw over the grate E in a thin and uniform sheet. In practice it is found that a greater number and shorter length of teeth than those used in the threshing cylinder give best results, and in order to have the straw move over the grate E in a thin sheet the cylinderD is run at a greater speed than cylinder A, which also increases the centrifugal action upon the small percent. of grain left in the straw as it is deflected from the deflector 1. It is also found in practice that the said grate E should be finer. The said series of angle bars and said webs e are therefore closer together than those in grates (l to prevent as much as possible any of the fine short straw from passing through with the small percent. of grain yet left to be separated by said grate Ev The straw is discharged from between cylinder D .and grate E against a deflector 4, and directed onto the straw rack 3, which because of the separation already effected may be much shorter than the usual construction,

which enables the machine to be correspondingly shorter and of fewer parts.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A threshing machine comprising a threshing cylinder, a concave, a separating grate extending back from said concave, a second cylinder behind the first, and a grate beneath said second cylinder, both of said grates being in close relation to their respective cylinders and composed of transverse bars with webs on their top edges extending in the direction of the travel of the straw, substantially as set forth.

2. A threshing .machine, comprising a threshing cylinder, a concave, a separating grate behind said concave and in near rela tion to said cylinder, a second cylinder behind the threshing cylinder provided with teeth, a separating grate beneath said second cylinder and in near relation thereto, both of said grates being formed with longitudinally extending webs on their top surfaces, the upper edges of which are above the plane of the transverse bars substantially as set forth.

3. A threshing machine comprising a cylinder having threshing teeth, a concave with teeth arranged to cooperate therewith, a curved grate extending back from said concave substantially concentric with said cylinder, a second cylinder behind the first cylinder provided with short teeth set nearer together than those of said first cylinder and said second cylinder being of greater diameter than said first cylinder and having greater peripheral speed, a second grate located under said second cylinder and curved around to its rear side substantially concentric therewith, both of said grates being composed of transverse deflecting bars having Webs on their top edges extending in line with the travel of the straw, substantially as set forth.

4-. In a threshing machine, the combination, of the threshing cylinder, the concave, the separating grate extending rearwardly from said concave on a curve near to said cylinder and comprising transverse angular deflecting bars with webs on their top edges extending in the direction of the travel of the straw, a second cylinder with teeth located. behind said threshing cylinder, and a second separating grate located near said second cylinder and also formed with transverse bars having longitudinally extending Webs on their upper edges, substantially as set forth.

5. A threshing machine comprising a threshing cylinder, a concave arranged to cooperate therewith, a grate behind said concave formed of transverse deflecting bars with Webs on their tops extending in the direction. of the travel of the straw and formed curved substantially concentric with the cylinder, a second cylinder behind said threshing cylinder having teeth, another grate located near to said cylinder and formed like said first grate, the teeth of said second cylinder and the webs of said second grate being nearer to each other than those of said first cylinder and grate and arranged in line, the Webs of each grate with its cylinder, substantially as set forth.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal at Waynesboro, Pennsylvania this 10th day ofMarch, A. D. nineteen hundred and two.

FRANK F. LANDIS. [L. s.]

Witnesses:

M. F. NEWMAN, ALF. N. RUssELL.

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