US867948A - Apparatus for drawing sheet-glass. - Google Patents

Description

No. 867,948. S y PATENTED 00T. 15, 1907.

I. W. GOLBURN& E. WASHBURN. 'APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

a .SJJJJPLV 1 APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6. 1906.

SSW

No'. 867,948.- :PATBNTBD 0ST. 15, 1907. I. W.v GOLBURN @L E. WASHBUSN.

APPARATUS POR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

AIPPLIUATION FILEDMAR. 6. 1 906.

No. 867,948. PATBNTBD'OCI. I5, 1907.

. I. W. coLBURN a E. WASHBURN.

APPARATUS IOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLIoATIoN FILED MAB. e. 190e.

. 12 SHEETS-SHEET a.

Nol 867,948.

'PATBNTBD 00T. 15, 1907.v

I. W. SOLBURN S E. WASHBURN. APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS,

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1906.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATBNT'D 00T. 15, 1907.` .L W'. GOLBURN a; E.'WASHBURN. APPARATUS P0P. 4DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLIoATIoNnLnD nu. 1 v a.

- a' 9 1a SHEETS-SHEET s.

l y PATENTED 001:15, 1907. I. W. GQLBURN & E. WMSHBUMI.A APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6. 1906.

' 12 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

No'. 867,948.' f l PATENTED 0ST.15, 1907. I. W.- GOLBURN ALB, WASHBURN.

.APPARATUS POE'DRAWNG SHEET GLASS.

' APPLIoATIoN FILED MAR.' 6. 190e.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

` Memes 4f,

gNq. 867,943.l n S PATENTBD 00T. 15, 1907.' I. w.' GOLBURN & E. WASHBURN. -APPAMTUS Fon DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

. APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 6, 1906.

` 12 SHEETS-SHEET B.

No. 867,948. PATENTBD 00T. 15, 1907.

I. W. GOLBURN & E. WASHBURN.

I APPARATUS POR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLIOATIONVI'ILBD MAR. 6, 1906.

-' 12 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

,wz-0' Je p n 60 itneooeo 55:1 v I @wx ll- H f NA. 867,948, PATBNTBDOGT. 15, 1907. -L W. GOLBURN @L E. WASHBURN.

- APPARATUS BORDR-AWING SHEET GLASS.

AAPPLIUATION FILED MAB.. 6, 1906.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

61cm-nay! No. sev-,94s. ,y PATBNTBD 00T. 15, 1907.

I.- w. ooLBURN anys. WASHBURN.

vAPPMrAfrUs FORDRAWGSHEET GLASS.

APPLIoATIoN FILED MAB.. 6. 190e.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 11.

mmaw @di No.. 867,949. y PATENTED ooT. 15, 1907.

' 1*. w. ooLBUSN S E. vvfAS'1a f1ar 11m.4

APPASSATUS Fon DRAWING' SHEET GLASS.

' -APELIOATION FILED MAE-, 1906.

- l SHEETS-SHEET 12.

UNITED sTArns Parisian -1 omnes.

IRVING W. GOLBURN AND EDGAR WASHBURN, OF FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS, 'BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO COLBURN MACHINE GLASS COMPANY, OF

FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR DRAWING'SHIEET-G-LASS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 15, i907.

Application filed March 6,1906. Serial No. 304,555.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that We, InvrNG W. OOLBURN and EDGAR WASHBURN, of Franklin, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Drawing Sheet-glass, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to the art of glass working, and more particularly to the art of drawing sheet glass. In some of its broader features it relates to the drawing of sheet glass whether thev operation be a continuous or intermittent one, while in certain other of its most specic features it relates particularly to the continuous production of sheet glass.

The object of the invention is to draw sheets of glass of uniform width and, within certain limits, of any desired thickness.

As is well known' in this art, whenever efforts are made to draw a sheet of glass from a mass of molten glass, the tendency of the sheet is to rapidly narrow down to a rope or thread. Moreover in the continuous production of sheet glass, (by which is meant the drawing of a sheet of glass continuously from a molten mass and severing the continuous sheet into suitableA sections7 'the' Work proceeding for an indefinite length of time) it is necessary to vprovide means for carrying away the glass as it is produced and the division of the sheet into sections; and preferably there should also be provided means for annealing the glass.

Iny certain previously filed applications by ourselves, as joint inventors, as well as by Irving W. Colburn as sole inventor, therehave been described and claimed certain methods and apparatus for performing these several operations, and the object of the presentinvention is to provide simplified mechanism and apparatus which in. some respects may be regarded simply as improvements over structures disclosed in said previous applications.

Generally stated, the invention consists in a machine for drawing sheet glass, having a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass obtained from any suitable source, but preferably froma melting tank', in continuous and open connection with said receptacle, combined with means for drawing the sheet of glass from said receptacle, which means cooperate with devices for holding the sheet to uniform width, .the sheet being drawn in a vertical direction and then turned from a vertical to a substantially horizontal direction, and passed through a suitable leer, where it is annealed, after which, as it emerges fronrthe leer, it is dividedjn'to suitable sect 'ons preferably sections of uniform length.

In bending the glass from the verticalto the horizontal direction during the drawing'.operation,l it is turned 'will take place an occasional slipping or relative 'movement between the surface of the drum'andthat portion ofthe sheet of glass in contact with said surface-which slipping or relative movement has a tendencyto, and in many cases does, slightlyrnar the fine fire finish of the sheet. For the purpose of obviating this difficulty, the roller in the present invention is mounted upon any suitable frictional bearings and during the operation of drawing the sheet of glass the roller is caused to revolve slowly by the frictional contact of the sheet of glass with the surface of the roller, no power for positively driving the roller being applied thereto.' This has been found to afford a perfect remedy for the marring of the sheet 'due to the relative movement between the surface I thereofand that of the roller. i

In the practical operation of mechanism of this kind,

the entire machine and apparatus is always preliminarily heated or warmed up before the drawing of the sheet of glass is commenced, to the end that all the parts may be at the proper temperature. This preliminary heating would unevenly heat the drum or roller if it were permitted to remain stationary during the time (some hours) in which the preliminary heating l occurs, and in the present invention means are therefore provided for causing the 'bending roll to turn during this preliminary heating operation, and after the preliminary heating has been completed and at the time when the drawing of the sheet is aboutto begin, the power applied to drive the roll is disconnected, and thenceforth, as above stated," itis moved slowly y by the frictional'contact of the sheet of glass therewith.

Any suitable means for applying power to revolve the .roller during the preliminary heating' may be employed, such, for example, as a slip pinion, by means i of which theshaft of the drum isY geared or connected temporarily to any other moving part of the machine.

In our application Sr. No. 248,288, led March 3, 1905,' we have disclosed a method and apparatus for holding the width of the sheet-uniform during the drawing operation, -which consists broadly in imparting movement to the surface portion of the molten mass in the working chamber or pot away from the medialline of the sheet dur-ing the drawingoperation, and in suitable apparatus for performing this step. Several forms of apparatus for this purpose are disclosed in said applcation, one of which is in the form of revolving spheres, which revolve within the molten mass o1 glass and inv opposite directions at points immediately adjacent to Where the edges oi thesheet are lifted irointhe surface oi' the molten mass. The prcstnt invention provides an improved means for thus impart-ing lateral movement to the surface ol' theinass of molten glass,

said means consisting in a hook or hooks, which, without turning upon'an axis, do, nevertheless, rotate or revolve in a given orbit within the mass nl glass in such Y a manner as to have the hooks tirst dipinto the glass al considerable distance below the surface and tlxcn move upward until they approach the surfacciof the molten mass at about the point where thc edge of the sheet of glass being drawn leaves the molten mass,

whereupon lthe hook thenmovcs outward and downward to again repeat the operation. Thcre may bc, if desired, a single hook in the mass of molten glass ad- Ijacent to each edge of the sheetl being drawn; or under certain conditions itis found desirable to cmploy two manner that one of the hooks is at the upper portion of pairs of hooks in the mass of molten glass, cach pair of hooks being immersed, in the mass of molten glass 4at 4points adjacent to the edges of the sheet being drawn, the two hooks of each pair preferably moving in such its orbit whilefthe other hook is at the lower portion.

The sheet o f 'glass being drawn'and held to uniform' width is, by the present invention, advanced from the bending roll to a suitable carrier by which it is moved into an annealinglccr of any suitable construction, preferably one in which the carrier consists of a series of parallol'rollers mounted on anti-frictional'bcarings and-along which the-sheet is :ulvauccd to the cxit end of the leer, where a cutting table is located to re.- `ceive the sheet as it emerges from the` leer. An operator stands at this table and places a suitable ruler across the sheet, and with a diamond or oth( r suitable cutting device, cuts the sheet as it'. progresses, (without interrupting its' forward movement,) into suitable scctions.

' v For the purpose of enabling'tlie operator to hold the straight edge Aor other guide 'for the diamond in the position in which it'was originally placcdupon the sheet, means are provided'inoving synchronously [Withthe sheet of glass', lwhich pick up tho straight x 4 edge or ruler and cause it to advance at the saine rate .wh e-'willmove together. As here shown, thc-se j ,abutments are Aii 1 theform of two oppositcly placed lugs carriedjby" sprocket-chains on opposite sides of lthe cuttingf'table, which sprocket-chains are drivcn bythe saine mechanism which draws the'shcct of the claims.

glass.

Other detailed features of the invention will be horoin-afterA specifically described and then pointed out in The inventive idea involved is" capable of expression lin a variety of mechanical forms', one of which for the purpose of illustration is shown in the accompanying drawings, but it is to be understood that said drawings,

are for the purpose of illustration only, and not for thc purpose .of defining theliniits oi the invention, reference being had to the claims for this purpose.

In said drawings Figure l is a longitudinal, vertical, diagrammatic section oi our glass drawing apparatus', Fig. 2 is. a perspective view 0i the rear end of the leer and the cutting table, showing the straight edge or ruler in operative. position; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal, Vertical section through a portion of the melting furnace, -and the connections between the same and the working chamber or pot, with the left-hand forward portion o the inaehineor apparatus ior drawing a sheet of glass shown in elevation; Fig. 4 is 'a horizontal, sectional plan o the working chamber or pot, and the connections from the melting furnace with said chamber showing the course taken by the molten glass in moving from the furnace to the working chamber or pot, and also the paths taken by the heated products of coin'- bustion; Figs..5, 6` 7 and 8 illustrate some of the forms which the hooks for retaining the glass to uniform Width during the drawing operation may assume; Fig` 9 is a side elevation of the left-hand side of the external mechanism showing the gearing and connections for applying the power to draw and advance the sheet; and Fig. l0 is a like view of the ,right-h'and side thereof;

Fig. l] is a pla'n showing the gearing by means of which thc vbending roll is connected to and disconnected from power driven mechanism; Fig. 12 is airoiity elevation of the machine with the working chamber 'or pot shown in vertical section; Fig. 13 is a broken sectional detail illustrating the exit end of the water conduit passingl through the axes of the various shafts within the drawing chamber; Fig'. .14 is an enlarged detail view of the right-hand side of the mechanism showing the means for simultaneously revolving or rotating in a desired orbit, a pair of hooks within the mass of molten glass', Fig. l5 is airont elevation of said hooks, the working chamber or pot being shown in tiansverse vertical section, Fig. 16 is a vertical section taken on the line l-lt, Fig. 9; Fig. 17 is a part sectional and part elevational detail illustrating the construction of the carrier rollers in the leer; and Fig. 18 is an enlarged sectional detail ofthe same; Fig. 19 is a side elevational detail illustrating one' form of imparting the rotations or revolutions to the holding hook in its desired orbit.; Fig. 20 is a side elevation of Fig. 19 looking from the right; 21 is a side elevation of a different means of holding the sheetof glass to the d esircd"width, portions of the apparatus being shown in dotted outline. 22 is a rear elevation of the apparatus shown in full lines in Fig; 21; and Figi 23 is a plan of the apparatus shown in Fig. 22. l y

rig..

Referring to the vdrawings in which 'likerefercnce numerals indicate like parts, 1 is a melting furnace of of lcombustion are conducted through suitable flues 5, 5, over the surface-of. the glass as it advances to the working chamber or pot, this as plainly indicated in Figs. 3 and 4. Afterpassing .over the surface of the Aglass on its way to the working chamber or pot, the

thereof, which opening communicates in an upward v direction with a central conduit 12, and this conduit conducts the glass into a chamber 13 immediately surrounding the yworking chamber or pot 6.' This chamber 13 `divides where it leaves the conduit 12 and extends to the right and to the left around the Working chamber or pot 6 and conducts the glass to the ends of said pot, where it enters the pot through two end openings 1.4, 14, situated in the bottom portion of the end walls of the pot 6.v By this means, the hot glass flowing froml the melting furnace passes around or comes in contact with three of the walls of the working chamber or pot and this hot glass is thus of service in main-taining the glass within the working chamber or pot in proper working' condition.

For the purpose of assisting in maintaining the glass in the working chamber or vpot at the desired temperature, there are provided suitable burners 15, 16, clearly shown in Fig. 4, which burners are preferably so positioned-as to direct their flame directly against the side walls of the working chamber. As here shown these burners are of two kinds, the burners l5 being` blast burners using gas and air under pressure; `these burners 15 are `employed when a high degree of heat is desired, and are generally used at the time when the cover is removed from the working chamber or .pot during the operations of the machine. The burners 16 are of the Bunsen type 4and arc designed to supply the heat necessary to hold the glass in the desired moltencondition when the machineis outlof operation. Manifestly,

either of the burners may be used atany time as may be.

desired.

The working chamber or pot is .much longer than it is wide, and' is provided at its upper portion with an oblong opening` somewhat greater in length than the width of the widest sheet to be drawn, all of the upper surface of the pot except this oblong opening being closed by overhanging walls, preferably in the form of downwardly extending lips or brackets 17 117 (Fig. 3), which protect the greater portion of the surface of the molten ma'ss of glass in the working chamber or pot from'the cooling influences of the atmosphere.

Mounted on a suitable frame-work whose end extends out from the working chamber or pot is an inclosedv drawing chamberv having a transverse opening or slot in its. bottom immediately above the oblong opening in the top of the working chamber. This drawing chamber is indicated by the reference numeral 18, and

the bottom opening therein through which the sheet of glass is drawn is indicated by the reference numeral 19 (see Figs. rand 15). f f

l Within the drawing chamber 18 is located a roller orl :drum 20 (Fig. 1.), which is mounted upon anti-frictional bearings, asfor example, ball bearings, such as shown at 21 in Fig. l1 4. -These bearings are on the exterior "portionof the, drawing chamber, and the shaft of ythe drum is made hollow for the circulation of cold water or other cooling Huid therethrough, in order to obviate the injurious eects of the heat employed. This shaft is shown at 22 (Fig. 13). As hereinbefore.statedpthe drum wiuiia shaft sin the form of an idle drum or roller, and during the operations of the `machine is driven solely by the friction of the sheet of glass passing thereover in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and `14. During the preliminary stages however, when the mechanism is being heated up tothe proper degree for the operation of drawing the glass, it isdesirable to have the drum and all of the other parts of the mechanism moving substantially as they would during the drawing operation in order that all of the parts may be evenly and uniformly heated, and means are therefore provided for gearing the drum` 2() with one of the moving parts of the machine. The gearing for this purpose is shown in Fig. 11, where 22/ is agear keyed to the shaft of the drum 20, and 23 is a gear keyed to a driven shaft 24 forming a part of the carrier, as will be hereinafter described. Intermediate the gears 22 and 23 is a slip gear or pinion 25, provided with a lever 26 by which it may be thrown into operative relation with the gears.

22/ and 23, as'shown in dotted lines in Fig. 11, or may be thrown out of operative relation with said gears 22 23, as shown in full lines in said figure.

Referring to Fig. l, 27 isa shaft within the drawing extending through the chamber,. and with their ends projecting through the walls thereof. Within the chamber each of said shafts is provided with a` pair of sprocket wheels over which pass two sprocket chains 28, bearing bars29, which together unite to form an endless carrier or table for receiving the glass immediately `after it leaves bending roller 20. Motion isiimparted to the carrier table by a worin` shaft 30 mounted in suits able bearings 31, 32, supported'on the frame-work ofA the machine and driven by a sprocket chain 33 extend'- ing from any suitable .power shaft. The worm 34 on shaft 30 `engages a worm gear 35 on the projecting end of the shaft 27, and thereby serves to revolve said shaft, the shaft 24 being in turn driven iby the sprocket chains 28, extending over the shaft 27 to said shaft 24.

Mounted immediately above and parallel to shafts 24 and 27 are two shafts 36 and 37, whose ends likewise project through the walls of the drawing chamber 18. On the-interiorof the said chamber Ithese shafts` 36 and 37 `are provided withsprocket'wheels over which pass a pair of sprocket chains 38, and carried on said sprocket chains 38 are a plurality of grip bars 39. As here shown, there are' three of such grip bars. mal operative position, these grip bars act to grip the sheet of glass against one of the bars of the endless carrier supported on the chain 28 and impart the necessary pull to continue the drawing operation, and at the same time advance or push the sheet which hasbccn already drawn through the leer 40.'

Power is transmitted to drive the chains 38 through the shaft 37.v

grip bar carrying Referring to Fig. 9, 37

f is a gear wheel keyed to the end of the 'shaft 37, which gear wheel is in mesh with an idler gear 37, turning on a stub shaft-projecting from the side-of the machine. Worm 34 gears with4 worm .whe e134, which is integral with o rhas secured thereto a gear wheel 34 in mesh with the idler gear 37 f By this means the lower por- When in norp chamber and parallel withshaft 24, each of said shafts los l tions of- .thA krr'ickfet chainsaw-:are drive'n in the same direction'as the upper portionsffthe sprocket chains 28, arid at the-samerate of speed.- as the latter-sprocket chains.

The shafts Sliand carryingchai'ns which support` the grip bars are'moinited upon bearings.41,.41 on the exterior of the'v machine, which bearings are supported: upon bars 42 pivqted t'o turn about axes '43, 43.; The

outer ends ofthe bearing bars 4.2, 42,'are supported'by adjustablefspring links 44; 44,- which irl-turn are piv- I otally connected to cranks 45, '45, attached Ato shafts 4G, 46. On each of the shafts 46 there is keyed a worm gear 47 in mesh with a worm 4.8 on a shaft 49 turning` 'means the grip bars may be elevated out of contact with the' carrier table within the drawing chamber. This is a very important manipulation in connection with the start of the drawing operation, as will' be hereinafter more uliy described.

Mounted to turn in suitable bearings 'upon the top of the machine near 4the rear end ofthe drawing cham-- ber is a shaft 52, bearing a drum or drums 53 around which are wound chains o r cables 54 to the ends of which is attached any suitable form. of bait as a bar of metal 55. The outer projecting end ofthe shaft 52 is provided with a sprocket over-which extends a sprocket chain 56 which chain also extends to and around a sprocket wheel 57 on the outer end of the carrier shaft 27, as is clearly shown in Figs. l and 10. The sprocket on the shaft 52 is loose thereon, but is capable of erigage'ment-by a clutch 58 keyed to the shaft and manipulated'hy means of a clutch lever 59 and clutch fork 60, as will he readily understood from inspection of Figs. 10 and 12.- I

In starting the drawing operation, the operator inserts a long iron bar in front opening (il (Fig. 1)`of the drawing chamber, andthe shafts '36 and 37'being ele.

vated so as to'raise the grip bars, lsaid rod'is advanced toth e rear of the drawing chamberwhere by means of a hook on the end o'f the rod, it engages the bait on the chains 54 and draws the same forward, the chains pass' ing-under guide roll 62 (Fig. 1)-and the chain drum or drums being permitted to run loose or free as thebait is pulled forward. ,After it is pulled. over the roller 20, it is permittedto dropdown throughY the bottoln opening 19 inthe drawing chamber and intothe molten glass in the working chamber or pot, as will be clearly understood from inspection of Figs. 1and12. After the hait has been dropped into'the Vmolten glass, it is permitted to remain till the glass sticks oqadher'es thereto when the clutch 58 is .thrown s'o as to revolve the shaft 52,' arid the bait lchains are wound`upon the i drum or drums 53,1-hereby slowly elevating the bait with the glass adhering thereto in. sheet form and-drawing it over the roll 20 along over the top o f thel carrier table and out from under the guide rol1 62. At this point a'bar or rod 63 which serves to connect the chains 54 to the bait 55, is withdrawn through a suitableopening 63 (Fig. 10) in the side-walls of the drawing chamber and the shafts 36 and 37 are simultaneously lowered so-as to bring the grip bars 39 down upon the sheet'of glass, and thereafter the pulling or drawing of the sheet of glass is accomplished by the grip on the sheet between the said grip bars and the carrier table. During this drawing operation, in order to maintain the sheet of glass in a suliciently heated condition to enable it to be bent readily over the drum 20, 'burners 64 (Fig. 1) -play upon each side of the sheet of glass before it reaches the roller, and burners (i5 direct their flame upon the sheet of glass at the point where it makes it bend over the roller. In addition to these burners, there are preferably employed burners 66 entering the front end of the chamber at its upper portion, and these burners direct their fiarne into the front portion of the Chamber, preferably against a depending partition Wall 67 which acts to direct the heat from the immers G6 downward upon the sheet of'glass,

and at the same time prevent the heat from becoming too intense in that portion o f the drawing chamberl in ,which is located the carrier table and the grip bars and other mechanism.

For the purposeof' overcoming the tendency'of the sheet to narrow or draw to `a-rope during tho drawing operation, weprovide, on either sido of the front end of the machine,` bodies-of refractory material preferably in the form of hooks, which extend down into the ends ofthe working chamber or p ot at an angle' of about 45,` and provide'means for revolving or rotatingsaid hooks in orbits which lie beneath the surface of the molten glass in the working cham-ber or pot. The orbits of these hooks are located immediately opposite each other, and have their nearest points at a distance apart substantially equal to the width of the sheet to be drawn. If desired, a pair of such refractory hooks may be located on cach side of the machine. j For purposes of illustration, the construction is so shown, the two' members of each pair of hooks moving in their particular orbit in such a manner that one of the hooks is at the 'top portion of the orbit nearest to the surface of the molten glass at the time when the other hook'is at the lowest portion of their orbit of movement.

Referring to Figs. 9, 10., 14 and 15, G8 is a spur gear on the projecting end ofthecontinuously driven shaft 24; which spur gear is keyed to or integral with a bevel gear 69, meshing with spur gear 70, secured to shaft 71, turning in suitable bearings supported ori part of the frame-work of the machine. On the other end of the ,shaft 71 from the bevel gear 69 are splined two spur gears 7 2 and 73, the former of 4which is considerably larger in'diametcr than the latter, which gearsare 'arranged to-.jbie slid or'adjusted upon tlie shaft' 7l. by means `of bell-crank forked level" 74,l in a way that will.` be readily.' understood rom'inspection of the drawings.

'.'Ir'nmcdiately below the shaftz71' is a crank shaft 75 having keyed to its end adjacent to the spur gears 72 and 73, spur gears 76 and 77, the formerof which is of lcssdianreter than the latter. These two spurgears are so spaced and of suchdiameter that when the spur gear- 73 is adjusted into alinement with the spur gear 71,. it engages and operates the same, and`when they spur 'gear 72 is adjusted into, alinelnent with vspur gear' the cranks together with one of the rods 76, it engages and operates said spur gear, the gear 73 being at that time outof engagement with the gear 77.

By adjusting the spur gears 72 and 73 into a position*A 'between the spur gears 76 and 77, the shaft 71 will be entirely disconnected from the shaft 75. This shaft 75 has on its end opposite the spur gears 76 and 77, a double crank 78 upon which are loosely hung crank arms 79 and 80, which crank arms are arranged to slide loosely through a bearing block -81, hung on trunnions in fork 82, supported by a rod 83, passing up "through a guide bracket 84, bolted to a part of the frame-work of the machine. This rod 83 is screw-threaded at its upper end and has a nut 85 threaded thereon, whichnut has its cylindrical exterior surface cut with worm lgear threads which are engaged by a worm 86 on` a shaft turning in suitable bearings, and having a hand-wheel 87 secured thereto. The crank rods 79 and 80 have clamped thereto refractory hooks 88 and 89, the whole being arranged so that the shanks ofA these hooks stand at an angle of approximately 45, land with the lower or hooked ends immersed beneath the surface of the molten mass in the working chamber or pot, which pot has its end walls cut away or formed with an inclined channel 90 to permit-0f the insertion of the hooks as shown.

By revolving the hand-wheel 87, the -worm gear 85 may be revolved upon the screw-threaded end of the rod 83, and said rod is thereby raised or lowered as the .case may be, thus determining the extent 'of th'e im,-I

mersion of the hooks 88 and 89 .in the molten glass. The power from the shaft 24 continuously drives the shaft 7l, and through the medium of the gear 72 or 743,

and the gear 76 or 77, as the case may be, revolves the crank shaft 75, thereby causing the crank arms 79'and 80, and-with them the hooks 88 and 89, to oscillate the supporting block 81, and at the same time .slide up and down therethrough, thereby causing the lower or hooked end of each of the hooks to move in an orbit, substantially such as indicated by the'dotted lines and ,arrows in Fig. 15. lf it is desired that the hooks move at a fairly rapid rate, the lever 74 is thrown so as to bring gear 72 into mesh with the gear 87; and on the other-hand, vif a slower movement is desired, the lever is thrown to bring the gear 73 to mesh with the gear 77, as shown in Fig. ism for operating the hooks directly with the Vmechanism for drawing a sheet of glass, it will be seen that the operation ofthe hooks may' be synchronous with the drawing of the sheet."

Manifestly, instead of employing a double crank on the shaft 75 and two crank rods and two Hooks, lone of I and hooks might be omitted done, while in other classes of hooks is preferred.

For the purpose ,ofproventing' the molten glass from hardening and piling up .upon the shanks of the hooks 88 and 89, and thereby clogging the working of the apparatus, a suitable burner or burners 91 are so positioned as to direct their flalne downward linto inclined channel orfway 90, and meltdown the glass which would otherwise collect upon the shanks of the hooks.

In some instances it is found desirable to have the work, the use of two downward movement, and then as it approaches the 14. By connecting the mechan and in certain classes of work this is surface and begins to move outward again, have the .movement slowed up, to the end that the hook may the hooks consume a very small amount of time in geti ting hold of the hot glass, and the greater portion of the time 'is consumed in the positive operation of holding the sheet to its full width. In this particular operation,

. the means for causing the hooks to move'in the particular orbit indicated, differ somewhat from those shown in Figs. 9 and 10, and may be of the character illustrated in Figs. 19 and 20, in which 92 is a hook of refractory material, clamped at 93 to a lever 94, pivoted at 95 to a swinging link 96, suspended by pivot 97., to any suitable support, as a bracket 98, connected to the frame-work of the machine. The outer end of the lever 94 is con-l nected as by a crank pin 99 to a disk 100, having gear teeth 101 throughout a portion only of its periphery. This disk is keyed to a shaft 102, supported in bearings 103, having on its other end a continuous gear 104. Immediately above the shaft 102 is shaft 105, turning in bearings 106, and has keyed thereto, in Athe same vertical plane with the disk 100, a continuous gear 107, and in the same vertical plane as the gear 104 is a segmental gear 108. v The shaft105 has also secured thereto l a sprocket wheel 109, engaged by a driving sprocket lchain 110.

The proportions of the several gears and segmental gears aresuch that the small gear 107 engages the segmental gear 101, and the instant that the gear 105 passes off of or becomes disconnected from the segmental gear 101, the segmental gear 108 picks up the continuous gear 104. The gear 105 moves' the crank disk 100 at a comparatively slow rate of speed, while the segmental gear 108 through its engagementfwith the small gear 104 revolves disk 100 at a comparatively rapid rate of speed, thereby imparting to the right-h and or handle hand of the lever 94 a movement in a generally horizontal direction, as well as an up and down movement, the point at which it is connected tothe disk, that is, the crank pin 99, moving in a circle, ndicated by the reference letters A, B, C, D, E,'F, G and H. ThisV movement of the lever causes the same to swing in an arc on the link 96 at the sametime that the ends of the lever are elevated and depressed, this arc being indicated by the letters from A to H. v This combined swinging and oscillating movement of the lever 94 causes the hooked endfof the hook 92 to travel'in the orbit indicated by the letters A to H, and inthe directioniindicated by the arrow-heads on said orbit. The relative positions of thethree points, viz.,v the crank pin 99, the pivot pin 94, and thepoint of the hook 92, at any given time will be indicated by the correspondv ing letters. It will be seen that while the crank lpin 99 on the disk 100 is moving from the position G to the position E, `the point' of the hook in the molten glass will be moving from the point to the point E in the orbit, and the pivot pin 95 will be swung from the position G to the position E in the arc'of its movement.

Referring to Fig. 19, the gear 107 will engage the segmental gear 101 at about the time when the crank pin 99 in the position H, at which time the point of the refractory hook.92 will occupy about the position H in the small gear 107 'and thecrank pin 99 will move from its orbit. The disk will then' -be'slowly revolved by position H to the position G, and then position F, and

.then the position E, and during that time the point of pying in turn positions D, C, B and A. This will cause the point of the hook 92 tobe quickly depressed, moving from position Eto positions D, C, B and A; that is, it will be caused to quickly dipto the lowest point of its orbit, and quickly rise therefrom to a point near H, when will-begin to move slowly in an outward direction, rst rising very slightly, and. then lowering very slightly. 5 In this way, the-hookis caused to quickly pick up the hot glass well below the surface and bring it up to near the surface, and then moves slowly outward, thereby consuming the greater-portion of its time in moving outward.

As hereinbefore mentioned, the power used for mov? ing the sheet of glass through the leer is the push of the sheet secured by a gripping of the same between the grip bars 39 and the carrier table 28, and in order' that the frictionv of the sheet moving through the leer may be reduced to the lowest amount, the' sheet moves on rollers placed in the leer. These rollers are .of a peculiar construction, clearly shown in lFigs. 17 andl 18. Loosely mounted on a series of parallel` shafts 111, which larefixed in bearings 112, are a series of rollersllS, These rollers are in the form of disks 114, faced preferably with asbestos 115, and providedon each side with hub-like flanges '116, which form, to! gether with adjustable sleeves 117, raceways for ballV bearings 118, A`thewhole constituting a ball-bearing and -raceway therefor of an ordinary and well-known construction, which permit the rollers 113 to turn around the shaft vvwitha minimum of friction. i It will be understood` that there are a large number'of these shafts 111 arranged parallel-.to each other and in a' sprocket wheels 123, and sprokclai same the distance betweer'tzan 4"two'ot 392.011 the sprocket chains 124 and the lugs 125 areso arrang rference to the table that the lugs 125 projecfupward aboye theV Arranged on each side Osie horizontal plane, as shownin` Fig. 1,.the.same being suitably spacedthroughout the length of the leer;

Whenthe sheet of glass reaches the end of the leer,

it emerges from a long horizontal slit 'r opening 119 (Figs. 1 and 2)* onto a table 120. Supported on` the frame-work o f this table are twoltransverse shafts 121 and 122, bearing on each .oftlreir projecting.;l ends over each of the sprocket wheels on eachlfsid ofthe table.' Secured to Athesesprocf`lr`f''t'Ichains fat suitable.' intervals are projectinghigs.125,the'distancelbetween any .two lugs upon the-'chains being prefs bly the "Lgvip'bars esproket phlll surface of the table, as clearly'sl'iowu '1\ "1 and 2. and at the end adjacent to the leer are two.blocks `126upon which is f laidl a. straight edgefor rule 1 27,arid`as;the lugs 125 -`advance they strike or pick. up- .thestraight edge or rule 127, and push 'iras ofthe blocks-126; carrying the;

straight edge across the face of the table. The parts are so timed that the lugs 125 will pick up the straight edge 127 at just .the instant when that portion of the sheetof glass which-has been marred by the grip` bars 39, is under the straight edge 127, so that the sheet of glass can be cut along the marred line due to the grip ping of the bars 39.' As the sheet of glass, and with' itl the straight edge, continues to move, the .operator with a diamond cuts the glass along the line of the straight edge. 75

In order that the lugs 127 may move in synchronism with the other -parts of the machine, they are connected by means of sprocket whc'cl 128 on shaft 122, and sprocket chain 129 on shaft 27 (see Fig. l0) which is provided with a driving sprocket 130, for this purpose. I

All 'ofthed shafts which extend through a highly heated palt of the drawing chamber, for example sh'afts 24 a'nd 36 and the shaft bearing the bending roller 20, are hollow, and if desired'shafts 27 and 37 are also hollow, and Coldwater or other cooling liquid is circulated throughthese shafts for the purpose of preventing the intense heat from softeningv the shafts and causing vthem to bend out 'of alinement. For the purpose of introducing water through these. shafts, a water conduit 131 (Fig. 9) has branches .leading to allof the shafts above named on the lcit-hand side of the machine, and connected thereto by suitable stuffing boxes. The How of water is controlled'by suitable valves 132.4 In the case of theshafts 36 and 37, the main water conduit 131 is connected to the hollow shaft bybranch pipes 133, which lturn upon the same center as the rods 42,-whicl1 support the bearings for said shafts so that when the shafts are elevated and movethrough the arc-shaped slots 5l, the water pipe connections yield to permit this movement without Iany disturbance of the water connections.. The exit "l of the water from the hollow shafts is on the righthand side, of the machine, and the construction is sub: stantially/the same for all of the shafts. This conistructon is shown in Fig. 13 in connection with shaft- 22, in which there is an inverted U-shaped connection which empties freely, and by gravity, by means of'a nozzle, into the pipe connection 136, which leads to the sewer. By placing in this inverted U-shaped connection the exit of the water passage through.'the shafts, the possibility of all the waterfflowlng directly out of the-shafts and being emptied at a time when 'heat'is applied, is avoided, since the water will rcmain vwithin the shafts at all times,-an'd when pressure '115 is applied by'opening the valves 132, this pressure will l act to force the water upward over the inverted U 134,- aud into Vthe sewer. I The gaseous fuel forthe burners 64, and 66 is supplied by gas main 137 (Fig. 9), which-by suitable 120 branch pipes, conducts the gas to the front of the machine-and to the several burners, as will be readily understood from inspection of said Fig. 9. lFor the purpose of covering, the working chamber or pot at the time when the same is out of use, and thereby 1 25 shielding the glass in said pot from cooling influences of the external atmosphere, o. cover 138 (Figs. 3, 9, '10, and 15) is provided, which cover is preferably a slab of refractory material, of sufficient length and width to @lose the opening in upper portion of said pot; and 130 -,figures, and forming bearings 142 for a crank rod 143,

to which arey attached crank arms 144, whosedepending ends are pivotally secured to the frame of the cover 138. The crankshaft 143 has an operating lever 145 keyed thereto, and by'turning the crank rod through the inediuin of said lever, the cover may be lifted, and the truck, whilethe cover is held lifted, run backward or forward upon the track 141. It will be understood that there are two of these trucks, one at each end of the cover, and that two operators are engaged inA moving the cover, one manipulating each truck.

A slightly modified construction is shownin 1.5,'. in which the operating lever 145 is fulcruined onl the frame 139 of the truck, and has its load end connected by a link 146 to a portion of the frame ofthe cover, and by depressing the handle end of the lever 145/, the coverV may be lifted and while held lifted, the `truck may be run alongthe rail. a l," l It will of course be 'underst'orxltv that various forms'of hooks for holding the glassto its pr'pgr width maybe employed. Thus for example@ hess hboks may be shaped as shown in Figs. 3 and' 14, or in Fig. 19, or they may assume any one of the forms sli'ovairifFig's. 5, 6, 7 and 8, or any other form suitable for the purpose. In some cases, instead of employing the hooks movingl in an orbit, as shown in Figs. 15 and 19, revolving bodies Which turn about a fixed axismay be employed,

.as shownin Figs. 21, 22 and 23. In this case, the shafts for tlielfevolving bodies (which bodies are preferably made of refractory material) extend out through the sides of the working chamberor pot, as shownin o'ur previous application, Serial No. 238,592. In this construction, the mechanism for operating each one of the revolving bodies is substantially the same, and a description of the mechanism connected with one will therefore be sufficient for both. Referring to said Figs. 21, 22l and 23, 147 is a shaft turning in bearings 148, supported by a bracket 149 suitably securedto the framework of the machine. Keyed yto the shaft 147 is a bevel gear 150 which meshes with a gear 151 on a shaft 152,

y which shaft turns 'in a bearing 153, swinging by means.

` gage gear 158 on sha1' t 147. as shots of supporting arms 154 around the shaft 152. Shaft 152 extends through .the bearing-:153, and the refractory bodies have their shanks clamped to said shaft by means of a clamp 156 so thaththe bodies 155turn'with the shaft 152. Shaft. 147 has keyed on the end opposite the bevel pinion 150. small spur gear 157 and large spur gear 158. Power shaft 159 has small gear 160 andlarger gear 161. splined their-on, so that they may slide togethor upon the shaft |59. The relative arrangement of the parts is such thatgcartit) on shaft 159 can en- 'n lfig. 22; or thc two gears 160 and HSI may be shifted-td ,left so asto throw gears 160 and l out'of engagent I d'gears `157 and 161 into engngcnu-nt. ()r the wo gears lGO'nd ing the bearings 153. A s is't of a worm shaft 166 (Fig.j22) engaging a worm 167 161 may be thrown into a position so that neither one 0f them will engage either of the gears upon shaft 147. By thismeans, the power may be wholly disconnected from the revolving spheresJ 155 or they may be connected so as to give a slow revolution to said spheres, or a more rapid revolution, as may be desired.

For the purpose of effecting the adjustment lof the gears 160 and 161 along the shaft 159, arm 162 is keyed to a sliding rod 163, supported in suitable bearings, and said rod has connected thereto .an angle lever 164, by which the rod `163 may be Acaused to slide in its bearings, and thereby effect the movement of the arm 162, and

with it the gears 160 and 161, with whosecommon hub varm 162 is in loose engagement.

-Power is imparted to `shaft 159 through a sprocket chain .165 engaging a sprocket wheel on the end of said shaft, and extending to a continuously moving part of the machine, asfor example, the shaft 24 (see Fig. 21).'

Forthe purpose of elevating and depressing the revolving spheres 155, and thereby determining the extent of th'e immersion of said spheres within the mass of molten glass, meansarefprovided for elevating or lower- These means a'shere shown con- (Fig. 21) secured to a shaft turning in bearings 168, and having on its opposite end an eccentrically placed-crank lp'i11l69 connected by link 1.70 to the bearing 153. As shown'in Fig-s. 22 and 23, the worm 166 on the righthand side of the figures, instead of being turned by the hand-wheel attached to tlie worm shaft, 4may be revolved by intermeshing bevel gears, one of which is on said shaft, and the other of which is on a shaft 171, turning in bearings on the frame and extending to the opposite side of the machine, where it 'is provided with a' hand-wheel 172. By this means, both of the spheres can be adj-ustedfrom the same side of the machine.

Insome instances it is desirable to manipulate by hand at'the beginning of the operation the hooks for holding the sheet to its full-width. For vexample, in

. theconstruction shown in Figs. 19 and 20, the lever 94 may be disconnected from the disk 100, and the operator by grasping the handle-end of the lever can swing the same upon link 26, and also effect such immersion of .the hook in the massof molten glass as may be effective-for securing the control of the sheet and holding it tox its proper width. This .operation might be continued indefinitely with an operator at each side of the' sheet of glass, but preferably when the operation is carried to the point Where the sheet is being drawn at uniform width the lever 94 is again connected to the disk 100 and the operation proceeds automatically.

By the use of the mechanisms hereinbefore described, it will be perceived that a sheet of glass can be` .drawn and held to uniform width by very' simple mechanism, capable of fine adjustment, and that the sheet of glass being drawn may be readily and at once advanced through an annealing leer, and cut into sheets of desired length with a minimum waste of glass. Moreover, it'will be perceived that the mechanism for drawing the sheet, for holding it to its width, for annealing, and for cutting, are of extremely simple construction,- and all of them operatesyn'c'h'rnously.

What We claimis; v y. l

1. In a machine or drawing sheet glass. the combination of a re acle containing a mass of molten glass,

means for drawing a sheet of glass ot uniform width from said mass, and an .idler roller over which said sheet. is bent to change its direction of movement.v

2. In a. machine for drawing sheet glass, the combina-V 3. In a. machine for drawing sheet glass, the combination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass, means for drawing a sheet of glass fromsaid mass, means moving in said molten mass to maintain the uniform width of the sheet, and an idler drum-or roller over which the sheet is bent to change its direction of movement.

4. In a continuous sheet glass making machine, the combination of a receptacle containing anlass of molten glass, means for continuously drawing a sheet of glassof uniform width therefrom, and means moving' ln unison with said drawing means and determining a line of cut, whereby said continuously moving sheet may be severed into sections along predetermined lines without interrupting the drawing operation` In a continuous sheet glass making machine, the combination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass. means for continuously drawing a sheet of glass of uniform Width therefrom, a leer` into which the sheet is passed as drawn, and means at the exit end of the leer v moving in unison with the drawing means and determining a line of cut, wherebyfthe annealed sheet may he cut into' 3() regular sections along,` predetermined lines.

` 6. In a continuoussheet glass making machine, the combination of a receptacle containing a mass. of molten glass, means continuously drawing a sheet of uniform width therefrom, and ruler-controlling means moving at the same rate as the drawn sheet, whereby a straight line fQr the cuttermay he had without interrupting the ad- 1 vancing movement of the sheet.

L7'. In acontinuous sheet glass making machine, the combination of. a receptacle containing a mass of molten 40 glass, a leer, with means continuously drawing a sheet of uniform width'andadvancing it through said leer, and

ruler-,controlling devices moving in unison with said drawing means, whereby a ruler may be placcdon the moving sheet-and be moved with it during the cutting operation. 8. In a continuousv sheet glass making machine. the I combination ofa receptacle containing a mass of mo-lten glass, ymeans continuously drawingr a sheet of uniform width therefrom, and a pair of ruler-controlling abutments `one adjacent to each edge of said sheet, and means moving said abutment's synchronously with said sheet.

.-9. In a continuous sheet 'glass 'making machine, the

I lcombination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass, Avmeans:continuously drawing a sheet of uniform .width therefrom,` a leer through which the sheet is ad- 57'5 vanced as drawn, apair ofruler-controlling abut'ments .one

' adjacent to each edge Vof said sheet nearwthe exit end of the leer, and means moving said abutments synchronously .with said sheet.

10. In a continuous sheet glass making machine, the `60 combination of a receptaclecontaining a mass 'of molten glass, means for continuously drawing a sheet of uniform width therefrom including grip barswhich seize the sheet.

at uniform intervals, and ruler-controlling means moving synchronously: with said sheet adjacent to the points where A` the sheet has been engaged by said grip hars, whereby the ,'sheetmay he cut at the points where the grip bars mar thelsame:

11. In a continuons sheet glass making machine, the combination-'f a'receptacle containing a. mass of molten glass, means for lcontinuously drawing a'sheet .ot uniform width therefrom including grip bars which seize the sheet along transverse lines at uniform intervals, and rulereontrolling abutments one adjacent 'to each edge'of the sheet opposite' the ends of si'd transverse lines, andmeans mnin'gsaid'nbutyi'nts synchronously with said sheet, whereby saidsheet may be cnt along the lines where the grip bars have' marred`the'sheet,` A l 12. In a continuons sheet glass making machine, the 4 combination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten v 80 glass, means for drawing; a continuous sheet of uniform width`tbe'refrom, a leer through whichithe`shect is ad vanced, atable along which the sheet is advanced as it emerges from the leer, and a pair of oppositely disposed ruler-controlling abutments moving along the edges of theA4 table synchronously with the sheet.

13. In a machine -for drawing sheet glass, the combination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass.

means for drawingr a sheet of glass therefrom, a pair o1' oppositely disposed hooks onevadjacent to each edge 'of the sheet 'being drawn, and means moving said hooks in thc mass of molten glass and in a plane of thc sheet being drawn. I

14. In a machine for drawing sheet glass, the combina tion of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass. means for drawing a sheet of glass therefrom, a pair of oppositeiydisposed hooks one adjacent to each edge of the sheet being drawn, and means moving said hooks in curved paths within the molten mass and in the plane oi the sheet being drawn. A

15. In a machine for drawing,r sheet glass, thc combination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass. moans for drawing a shcct therefrom, a pair of opposiiily disposed hooks one adjacent to each'cdgc of the sheet being drawn` and means moving said hooks in the mass of molten glass in proportion to the rate of movement of the sheet be ing drawn'and in the plane of said sheet.

16. Iii a machine for drawing sheet glass, the combination oi' a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass. means for drawing a sheet of glass threfrom, means for maintaining the width of the sheet uniform consisting of a pair of opposiiely disposed hooks one adjacent to each edge of the shcct boing drawn but within the mass of molten glass, and means moving cach of said hooks in an elliptical path within the molten mass and in thc plane of the sheet being drawn.

1T. In a machine for drawing sheet glass, the combination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glas.. means drawing a sheetof glass therefrom, means for main taining the Width of the sheet uniform consisting of Iwo pairs "of hooks one pair adjacent to each edge of the sheci being drawn,. and means moving each pair in` thc mass of molten glass and in the plane of thc sheet being drawn.

1S. I a machine for drawing sheet glass, the combination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass, means drawing a sheet of glass vertically therefrom, an idling roller over which said sheet is bent as drawn, a pair of oppositely disposed hooks one adjacent: to each edge of the sheetbeing drawn, and means moving said hooks within-thc mass of moltenglass and in the plane oi the sheet b'eing drawn.

19. In a machine for drawing sheet glass, th(` combination of a receptach` containing a mass of molten glass, means drawing a sheet of glass vertically therefrom, an idling roller over which said sheet is bentas drawn, a pair of oppositely disposed hooks one adjacent to' each edge of.

i of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass, means for drawing a sheet of glass therefrom, bodies moving in said mass to hold the sheet to uniform width, supports for vsaid bodies projecting ont of the molten mass, and burners directing a melting heat around said' supports.

22. In a sheet-glass drawing machine, the combination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass, means 'for drawing a sheet of glass therefrom, channels or ways formed in the walls of said receptacle, bodies moving in said mass to hold the sheet of uniform width and having supporting members extending outward through said channels or-ways, and means directing a melting heat along said channels or ways around said supporting members.

23. In ashect-glass drawing machine, th'e combination

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