US856961A - Speed-governor for armature-shafts, &c. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JUNE 11, 1907.

E. B. JACOBSON. SPEED GOVERNOR FOR ARMATURE SHAFTS &0.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 20. 1903.

witnesses: [Hyena 021' /ca/L -M 6. $awhm fl QM @MM C/Qt'orneya.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

EDWARD'B. JACOBSON, OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To PITTSFIEL-D SPARK COIL COMPANY,'OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, .A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS. l

SPEED-GOVERNOR FOR ARMATURE-SHAFTS, 81.0-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1907.

Application filed August 20,1903. Serial No. 170,168.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD B. J ACOBSON,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsfield, in the county of Berkshire, State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Speed-Govence being had therein to the'accompanying action.

drawings. v

My invention consists in a speed governor which I have produced for use, more especially, in connection with armature-shafts and'the like, and which is adapted to be controlled in its working by the armature re- The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which latter is represented the best embodiment of the invention which I have thus far devised. v y In the drawings,Figure 1 shows the said embodiment of the invention mainly in central vertical section, a portion of the flywheel of an engine also being represented in elevation. Fig. 2 shows the governor in side elevation, looking from the right hand side in' Fig. 1, with the end-casing and crankplate removed, and also with portions of the clutch-blocks broken away so as to enable certain details of construction to appear more clearly. Fig, 3 is a face view .of the crank late, detached. Fig. 4 is an edge View t ereof.

Having reference to the drawings,-at 1 is shown portion of a shaft, which'is either the armature-shaft of a dynamo or a secondary'shaft in driving connection therewith. The dyriamo in the present instance is supposedl'y of the general character of those which are employed for the generationof electricity to be utilized in the production of sparks toignite charges of explosive vaporfuel in vapor or gas engines. At 2 is represented an actuator for the said shaft 1, it being combined with the latter by means of intermediate devices which I will presently describe. The said devices serve normally to connect the actuator with the shaft 1 so that the latter shall be driven by the former.

speed of rotation of said shaft is increased, to govern the said speed, so as to cause the same to be maintained at the predetermined number of revolutions per minute. The actuator 2 consists of a wheel to which driving power iscommunicated by convenient means in ap roved manner for the purpose of rotating t e same and the shaft 1.

The manner and means of driving the actuator may vary in practice. I have herein showntheactuator 2 as having the form of a friction-wheel or pulley which by its periphery makes contact with the periphery of a driving friction-wheel 3 forming part of or connected with the engine. The drivingwheel 3 may be the fly-wheel of the engine. For the purpose of securing pro er frictional engagement between the peri heries of the wheels 2 and 3, one or both of t c said Wheels may be proved c aracter. Preferably, I apply the said surfacing to the actuator 2, as by fitting to the same a ring 4 of leather, or other suitable substance.

In the drawings, I have shown the ring 4 surrounding the periphery of the body of the actuator 2, and clamped or compressed laterally thereon between a fixed or integral peripheral flange 31 at one side of the. said Ody and a ring 32 which is removably applied to the other side thereof. In t e present instance the ring 32 is in screwthreaded engagement with the body of the actuator 2. When the securing ring 32 is removed the friction-ring 4 may be sli ed on or off the body of the actuator. V l fien the friction-ring 4 is in place, after the ring 32 has been turned home the latter is held .from accidental movement by a screw 33 which occupies radial holes in the ring 32 and in the body of the actuator 2, which holds register with each other. The actuator 2 is furnished with a central sleeve 7 fitting the exterior of the shaft 1. Inasmuch as for a considerable art of the time the actuator 2 Will make a higher number of revolutions per minute than are communicated to the shaft 1, and inasmuch as at times the difference in the number of revolutions made by the respective parts may be very considerable, it IS necessary to make provision for the eliicient lubrication of the contacting surfaces of the sleeve 7 and shaft 1. To this rovided with a surfacing of ap- ICC deemed advisable.

end I form the body of the actuator 2 with a lubricant-receiving chamber 331, and through the shell of the sleeve 7 I form passages 71, 71, to conduct the lubricant from the chamber 331 to the said contacting surfaces. The chamber 331 is supplied with lubricant through the holes which are occupied by the screw 33, and when the said screw is in place it prevents the escape of lubricant through the said holes- The devices by which the actuator 2 is operatively combined with the shaft 1 include a friction-clutch. One ofthe interengaging members of the latter is connected with the actuator 2 to rotate in unison with the said actuator, and the other of the said members is connected with the shaft 1 to rotate in unison with the said shaft. The arrangement in connection with the said clutch is such that the resistance to the rotation of the shaft 1 is made 0 erative to reduce the driving power of the c utch, by lessening the extent to which the interengaging portions are pressed together so as to enable them to slip more or less readily upon each other. The speed of rotation of the actuator 2 may vary between wide limits, but whenever the movement of rotation which is communi' cated from the actuator to the shaft 1 rises above the predetermined rate, the increased resistance which is required to be overcome by the motion-transmitting connections operates to reduce the driving power of the clutch, so that the speed of shaft 1 is caused to continue practically uniform.

The construction and arrangement of the clutch and its controlling connections may vary considerably without involving departure from the spirit of my invention, in the broad aspect of the latter. The invention includes, however, a specific construc tion and arrangement .of the said parts which I have thus far preferred to employ in practice, and which is illustrated in the drawings. Thus in the presence instance, a cavity is formed laterally in one side of the body of the actuator, forming a chamber 6. The outer wall of this chamber is concentric with the shaft 1, and constitutes'one of the frictional surfaces of the clutch; It will thus be perceived that in the drawings the corresponding member of, the friction-clutch is formed integral with the actuator 2, although a separate piece may be provided, instead, if The other member of the friction-clutch consists, essentially, of the two blocks 11 and 12, which are'placed opposite each other within the chamber 6. The

outer sides of the said blocks are convexly' curved to fit against the Wall of the chamber 6, and are furnished with frictional surfacings 1 11 and 121 for making contact with the said wall, the said surfacings being com? posed of any suitable material forthe purpose, as, for example, vulcanized fiber. The

oneof the blocks 11 or 12.

tion of one of the blocks is represented as convex surfaces of the blocksll and 12 are pressed into engagement with thewall of the chamber 6 by. means of expanding spiral springs 13 one of which is shown in Fig.2 of the drawings. A spring.13 is employed at each side of the axis of the shaft 1. Each spring 13 is contained within a cavity. 14 in In Fig. 2 a porbroken awayin order to show the cavity 14' and the spring containedtherein. By the action of the springs 13 the said blocks 11 and 12 are spread apart from each other within the chamber 6. The force with which the interengaging surfaces of the clutch are pressed together is represented by the tension .of the springs 13. enabling the force with which the blocks are For the purpose of pressed into engagement with the wall of the i chamber 6 to be varied, I provide means for varying the degree of compressionv of the springs. In the present instance, the outer 'end of each spring bears. against one end of a post 15 whichis in screw-threaded engagee ment with the-block opposite the one to which the spring is applied. See-Fig. 2.

For the purpose of enabling the post 15 to be turned conveniently in adjusting the same, a chamber 17 is formed within the block to 'which the said post is applied, and the inner end or head of the post projects into the said chamber. 7 The said inner end or head is formed with a series of holes 16, within which a pin or other device suitable for the purpose ma be introduced in order to rotate the post an thereby screw, it in or out as may be re-v quired in securing the desired tension of the spring. The blocks 11, 12, are operatively joined to the shaft 1 by means of a disk8 and connectors 20, 20. The disk 8 is in efiect a double crank. It is sleeved upon the said shaft, and is securely fixed in proper position thereon by means of opposite screws 10, 10,

working in threaded sockets which are formed in the hub 9 of the disk 8, the points of the said screws entering seats or cavities which are formed for their reception in the shaft 1 so as to prevent the disk from turning relative to the shaft. The connectors 20, 20

constitute links joining the blocks 11and12 with the disk 8. For convenience they are formed as flat disks. Each connector-is furnished at one side thereof with an outer stud or pin 21 entering a hole in the corresponding block 11, or 12 and at the other side thereof with an inner stud or pin=23 entering a hole at 24 Wlll is formed in the disk 8.

I In operation, when the actuator 2 is ro'- tated, movement is communicated from the same to the shaft 1 through the agency of the frictional clutch and the connectors or links- 20, 20, and the actuator and shaft 1 will rotate in unison until the speed of the parts, in consequence of acceleration of the rotary movement of the actuator, rises to a point at which the resistance to the rotation of the shaft 1 due, for example, to the armature reaction, becomes sufficiently great to act through the crank-disk 8 and connectors or links 20, 20, to draw the blocks 1], 12 inward toward the axis of rotation in opposition to the force of springs 13, and thereby reduce the strength of the frictional engagement between the said blocks and the wall of the chamber 6 of the actuator. This will enable the members of the friction-clutch to slip relative to each other. Consequently, although the speed of the actuator may bei come still higher, that of the shaft 1 will not rise beyond the point at which the force due to the resistance. to its rotation balances that which is exerted by the springs 13. will be apparent that the rate of movement which is communicated to the shaft 1 will be determined by thetension of the springs 13, and that by adjustment of the said tension the attainment of a higher or lower rate of movement of the shaft may be provided for.

ljor the purpose of protecting the parts by which movement is transmitted from the actuator to the shaft 1, and excludin dust therefrom, a ea or casing 25 is applied to the outer side 0 the actuator, and is secured thereto by means of screws 26, 26.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination wit-h a driven part to which rotary movement is communicated, of means for driving the said part, including a speed governing device, controlling-the s )eed which is transmitted to the said part and operated by the increasing resistance torotation of the driven part which is due to increase of the rate of'movement of the latter, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a shaft adapted to be. connectedv with the armature of a dynamo, of rotary actuating means for the said shaft, embracing a speed governing device operated by the armature r-action and acting to regulate the rate of movement which is transmitted to the said shaft, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a driven part to which rotary movement is connnunicated, of rotary actuating means therefor embracing frictional driving'conncctions and means operated by the increase of resistance to the rotation of the said driven part at higher speeds to reduce the effect of the said connections in transmitting movement to such part, thereby governing the s eed of the latter, substantially as describei 4. Thecombination with the shaft 1, an annular member '2, and a friction-clutch, of

connecting means acting both to transmit movement between the clutch and the shaft rotary movement of the driven member is reached, substantially as described.

5. The combination with the shaft- 1, an annular member 2 and the friction-clutch for tra nsmittin movement between the annular member and the shaft, of a crank-disk 8, and connectin means between the said crankdisk and the movable member of the clutch operating both to transmit movement between the said member of the clutch and the terengagement of the clutch members when the resistance to the rotation of the driven member attains the pre-determined degree, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the shaft 1 the annular member and the friction-clutch comprising the opposite movable blocks and the springs, of the crank-disk connected with the shaft, and the connectors or links joining the said blocks with the crank-disk, substantially as described.

7. The combination with the shaft 1, the annular member, provided with the lubricant-chamber and the ducts leading to the shaft, and the friction-clutch comprising the opposite movable blocks and the springs, of the crank-disk connected with the shaft, and the connectors orlinks joining the said blocks with the crank-disk, substantially as described.

8. The combination with the shaft 1, the annular member, and the friction-clutch comprising the opposite blocks and the springs, and spring adjusting devices in connection with the said blocks, of the crank-disk 8 connected with the shaft 1, and the connectors or links respectively joiningthe said blocks with the said crank-disk, substantially as described.

9. In a clutch comprising a driving part, and a driven part, means for causing the driving part to deliver to the driven part a predetermined maximum torque, and means adapted to control the'last-mentioned means and for restricting the said torque to the maximum degree predetermined.-

10. In a clutch comprising a driving part, and a driven part of the clutch, means for causing the driving art to deliver to the driven part a pre etermined maximum torque in either dlrection, and means adapted to control the last-mentioned means and for restricting the said torque to the maxi mum degree predetermined.

11. In a clutch comprising a member constituting the driving part, and a member constituting the driven part of the clutch, means for causing the driving part to deliver to the driven part a pre( etermined maximum torque in either direction, and means adapted to controlthc last-mentioned means and for restricting the said torque to the maxi mum-degree predetermined, and means for varying said first-mentioned means to de-' liver a maximum torque of greater or less degree.

crank-disk and shaft, and to reduce the in- 12. In a clutch comprising a driving part of the clutch, and a driven part of the said clutch, means for causing the driving part to deliver to the driven part a predetermined maximum torque, means adapted to control the last-mentioned means and for restricting the said torque to the maximum degree p edetermined, and means for varying said driv-= ing part to deliver a maximum torque of greater or less degree.

13. The combination with a shaft," of a clutch com rising a member secured rigidly upon said s wit to rotate therewith, a second member carried loosely by saidshaft adjacent to said first-mentioned member, one of said members constituting the drving part and the other member constituting the driven part of the said clutch, means for causing the driving part as deliver a predetermined maximum torque to the driven part, and means adapted to control the last-mentioned means and for restricting saidrtorque to the maximum degree predetermined.

14. The combination with a shaft, of a clutch com risinga member secured rigidly upon said shaft to rotate therewith, a second member carried loosely by said shaft adjacent to said first-mentloned member, one of said members constituting the driving art and the other member constituting the driven part of the said clutch, means for causing one of said parts to deliver a predeterminedmaximum torque to the other part, means adapt ed to control the last-mentioned means and for restricting said torque to the maximum to control the last-mentioned means and forrestricting said torque to the'maximum degree predetermine 16. The combination with a shaft, of a clutch comprising a collar fixed rigidly u on said shaft, an annular member encirc ing said collar and carried loosely by said shaft, friction mechanism located between said collar and the interior of said annular member, means forcausing said collar to deliver to or receive from the annular member a predetermined maximum torque, and means adapted to control the last-mentioned means and for restricting said torque to the maximum degree predetermined, said means being adjustable to vary the degree of the maximum torque delivered.

- 17. The combination with a shaft, of a clutch comprising a collar fixed rigidly upon the shaft, a casing encircling said. collar and carried loosely by the shaft, a pair of shoes located between said collar and the interior of said casing with their bearing-faces adj a. cent to said casing, means for causing said shoes to deliver to or receive from the casing a predetermined maximum torque, and means adapted to control the last-mentioned means and for restricting the said torque to the maximum degree predetermined.

18. The combination with a shaft, of a clutch comprising a collar fixed rigidly upon. said shaft, a casing encircling said collar and carried loosely by said shaft, a pair of shoes located between saidcollar and casing, yielding resistance mean-sexerting pressure upon said shoes and maintaining them yieldingly in contact with the interior of the casing, and

retracting means carried by said collar and exerting a radial force upon said shoes, for the purpose set forth.

19. The combination with a shaft, of a clutch comprising a collar fixed rigidly upon said shaft, a'casing encircling said collar and carried loosely by said shaft, a pair of shoes located between said collar and casing, yield' ing resistance means exerting pressure upon said shoes and maintaining them. yieldingly in contact with the interior of the casing,

means for varying said pressure, and retracting means carried by said collar, and exerting a radial force upon said shoes, for the purpose set. forth.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD BQJACOBSON.

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