US854494A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTBD MAY 21. 1907.

E. HARVEY.

-STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG.so.19os.

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A TTOHNE YS PATENTED MAY 2l, 1907.

E. HARVEY.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION ULEB AUG.3o.19oe.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

EDWARD HARVEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 21, 1907. I

` Application filed August 30, 1306. Serial No. 332,602.

I .To all whom 'it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD HARVEY, a

i citizen of-the UnitedStates, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Steam-Turbine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention is an improvement in steam turbines. especially directed to compound condensing marine engines capable of being reversed.

Theinvention consists'of a cylinder divided into-a plurality of chambers increasing in width from one side to the other and succesexhaust ports, the last chamber exhausting into a pipe leading to the condenser. A

steam chest is Aprovided in the cylinder at Vfixed to acentral driving shaft journaled in the cylinder. When the engine is running in one direction two diagonally opposite valves have their nozzles direct into the chambers, whereas the other two are moved to a position where their nozzles are blanked. To reverse the engine the valves in operative posi tion are blanked and the blanked valves brought into action.

Figure 1 is aside elevation of one embodiment of my improved steam turbine; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 2 2 of Fig. 4; Fig. 3 is a like view on the line 3-3 0f Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal vertical section through the engine on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a section substantially on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawing figures, the numeral 1 indicates an outer casing or cylinder composed of two castings of substantially the same construction joined together by bolts or other means on a horizontal central plane. The lower casting differs from the upper only in that it is provided with feet or legs 2 for securing the engine to the bed-plate. At each side of a longitudinal vertical plane passing through the center of the cylinder it is provided at both its bottom andA top able in sockets 12 forming an integral part of the cylinder head. The opposite ends of the valves are provided with handles or `st `e1iis113v of somewhat more extended length and passing to the exterior of the engine where they. are to be connected to any well-known form of valve gearing.-

Each of the 'valves has'.

formed therein three conical nozzles 14,15".`

and 16 successively increasing in diameter v and communicating at their large ends when in operative position with the three chambers formed in the cylinder by twot transverse die viding walls 17 :and 18, said chambers also successively increasing in width from one side of the cylinder to the other.'

At the center of each end of `thecylinder,

boxes 19 and 2() are formed, the boxlgfbeing entirely inclosed and the box 20 being pro'- vided with an 'open end having a stuffing-box 21, the latter forming a steam-tight joint about a central shaft 22 journaled ineach of i the boxes, said shaft having a plurality of iianges 23 fitting into corresponding grooves in the boxes 2() when assembled therewith.

lFixed to the shaft 22 in the chambers are pistons 24, 25 and 26 of corresponding Width to fit the chambers, each of which is provided at its periphery with a series of flanges 27 between which is formed a series of V-shaped buckets 23V of substantially V-shape with concaved sides.

Each of the steam chests has bolted or otherwiseiixed to its end a closure plate 30 through which leads at that end adjacent to the narrow piston, steam pipes 31 connecting with any suitable source of supply, eacl of said pipes being in alinement with the nozzles 14 when the valves are drawn to the limit of their movement in one direction, and in operative position. The walls 17 and 18 are cored out adjacent to each set of steam C with concentric exhaust ports 32 and .31a respectively connected at their centers by openings 33 and 33 leading from the ad- The ends of each 1 by short curved pipes 34 and 35 respectively,

said pipes passing into the closure plates at theiropposite ends in alinement respectively with the nozzles 15 and 16 when the latter are in communication with their respective chambers.

The widest chamber of the cylinder inl which the piston26 is journaled exhausts through pipes 3,6, leading to the condenser. It should be noted that the inner faces of each of the slide valves conforms to the periphery of the pistons and that the nozzles therein are so positioned that there is always a space of one clear bucket between their furthermost edge and the nearest edge of the exhaust leading into the next chamber so that the steam is enforced to engage at least one bucket before escaping, thereby avoiding at all times a direct connection between a nozzle and its corresponding exhaust port.

Assuming the parts in the positions illustrated in Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive, with the nozzles of the valves 7 and 9 in operative position communicating with the chambers and the nozzles of the valves 8 and 10 blank, the steam on passing into the pipes 31 from the boiler will enter the contracted mouths of the nozzles 14 and will pass through the valves with considerable force impinging on the buckets 28 and by reason of their novel shape will cause the pistons to rotate without shock, the steam thereafter passing into the exhaust opening and port 33 and 32 where it is led into the nozzles 15 by the short curved pipes 34. The nozzles 15 direct the steam in ike manner in the intermediate and somewhat extended chamber against the buckets of the pistons 25 escaping into the exhaust opening and port 33a and 32a in the wall 18 which, as shown, is somewhat larger than the exhaust ports in the wall 17 to compensate for the lowering temperature and the increased expansion of the steam. The ports 32a conduct the steam to the enlarged nozzles 16 through the intermediate pipes 35, said nozzles directing the steam to the buckets of the piston 26, the steam thereafter escaping through the large exhaust pipes 36 and carrying it to the condenser.

When desired to reverse the engine the diagonally opposite valves having their nozzles communicating with the chambers of the cylinder, are slid rearwardly to blank their ports and the valves having their ports blanked are ulled forward to direct the steam successively to the chambers in an opposite direction. It is thus seen that I have 'produced a turbine engine capable of being reversed and having a high, an intermediate and a low pressure chamber, each of which is provided Wb'the novel form of piston hereinbefore described.

Although I have described the invention in detail in order that its construction and operation might be fully understood, the pre-l steam chests at one side of the cylinder, op-

posed steam chests at the opposite side thereof, and valves slidablymounted in the chests.

2. A steam turbine comprising a cylinder, a piston rotatably mounted therein, opposed steam chests at one side of the cylinder, opposed steam chests at the opposite side thereof, and T-shaped valves provided with a nozzle slidably mounted in the chests.

3. LA steam turbine` comprising a cylinder, a piston rotatably mounted therein having V-shaped buckets with concaved sides at its periphery, a steam chest at opposite sides of the cylinder, a valve slidably mounted in each steam chest and a conical nozzle in each valve for directing the steam against the buckets of the piston.

4. A steam turbine comprising a cylinder having Walls dividing it into three chambers increasing in width from one side to the other, a shaft journaled in the cylinder having pistons fixed thereto, and fitting the chambers, steam chests at opposite sides of the cylinder, a valve in each steam chest provided with nozzles to direct the steam against the pistons, and exhaust ports in said Walls leading successively to the nozzles as described.

5. A steam turbine comprising a cylinder,

a piston rotatably mounted therein having flanges at its periphery, and V-shaped buckets with concaved sides between the flanges.

6. A steam turbine comprising a cylinder having Walls dividing it into a high, intermediate and low pressure chamber, a piston rotatably mounted in each chamber, opposed steam chests at each side of the cylinder, valves slidably mounted in the steam chests each being provided With nozzles of successively increasing diameter adapted to communicate With the chambers of the cylinder and direct the steam against the pis- IOO tons, and exhaust ports passing through said A walls connecting each chamber with the next succeeding nozzle.

7. A steam turbine comprising a cylinder, a piston rotatably mounted therein, opposed steam chests at one side of the cylinder, a valve slidably mounted in each steam chest provided With a conical nozzle, and an exhaustgopening intermediate the valves.

8. A turbine comprising a cylinder, a piston rotatably mounted therein, opposed steam chests at opposite sides of the cylinder, a valve in each steam chest, each being pro- 'vided with a, nozzle, whereby when the noz- In testimony vwhereof I' have signed my zles of diagonally opposite valves are blanked name to this specification in the presence of and the other nozzles opened7 the piston two subscribing Witnesses.

moves in one direction and when the opened EDWARD HARVEY. nozzles are blanked and the blanked nozzles Witnesses: are opened, the piston moves in the opposite FRANCIS DIMEs,

direction. SAMUEL WALKER.

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