US82163A - Jacob b - Google Patents

Description

NPETERS, PHOTO LTHOGRAPH d{inittsza gieten atnt @ffice JACOB B. SIEGFRIED, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 82,163, dated September 15, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN HOWEL AND GROZE.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY GONCERN:

Be it known that I, JACOB B. SIEGFRIED, of the city of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hor/el and Croze; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof', reference being had to the accompanying drawing, makinga part of this spec'iication, in which- Figure l is a. perspective view of my improved howel and Croze, withs. part of the case broken awa-y in order to show the cutters.

, Figure 2 is a section formed by a. plane passing longitudinallyr through the howel and croze, in the plane of the cutters of the croze.

Figure 3 is a separate view, in perspective, of the crozing-cutters or chisels, and ofthe frame in which they are set.

Figure 4 gives, in plan view, the end oi' the case, showing the shape of the opposite working-faces.

Figure 5 shows, in section, thc end of a barrel-stave as finished by my improved tool; and

Figuren@ isa face view of the cutting-cud of the howelling-bit.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in cach.

Tools for howelling and crozing barrels have heretofore usually been made separate; that is to say, one tool being ahowel and the croze another. 'lhe bowel is usually curved longitudinally to the same radius as that of thc end of the barrel, and in cross-section hasn face of uniform curve. By this tool, the inner face of the barrel, in the line of the crozing to be done, is smoothed off, and a broad shallow groove is cut. By the use of a crozc, a deep narrow groove is then cut in the bottom of this shallow groove, in which to place the circular edge of the barrel-head.V

The nature of my invention consists- First, in making a combined howel and croze, whereby, by the use of one tool, the work of both vmay be done with equal case and greater rapidity.

Second, in making the face ofthe combined tool of surfaces so curved that if cut trausverselyby a. plane, the lines of intersection of the-plane with the working-face of the -tool will consist of two or more curves of different radii, or of a common radius from different centres, such curves being united in the line'ot' the cut ofthe crozing-chisels, by a line straight or nearly so, and equal in length to the breadth ofthe cut ofthe crozingchisels. I

Third, in making a howelling-bit with an edge to correspond tothe curves of the working-face ofthe howel, as above described.

Fourth, in adjusting the cutters of the croze in a box or frame hinged in the case of the howelling-tool, in such way that the howcl may bc used with or without the croze; and

Fifth, in the construction and combination of the peculiar devices employed.

To enable others'skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and manner of use.

A is thc case, the lower faces of which, a a' a, make up the working-face of thc bowel. Longitudinally, the curvature of the Working-Face is the same as that of the inside of the barrel to be made; but instead of making such working-face of uniform curvature in cross-section, as has heretofore been generally done, I make it of' two or more curves, a a', either of different radii, as in fig. 4, or with the same radius from different ceutres, such centres being so chosen that radii leadingvffrom such centres to the opposite curves shall intersect each other. The former inode of construction I prefer.' The object rto be accomplished will presently be explained. These curved surfaces a a are united by a surface, a, curving longitudinally with the tool, but. straight, or nearly so, in cross-section or end view, as shown in tig. 4. The breadth of the face a" is equal to the breadthr of the cut of the erozing-chisels s s t.

Attached to the case A, on its upper side, is a guide-board, B, which, when the tool is in use, slides on the ends of the barral-staves, and which also serves as one of the handles for operating the tool. To the lower side of the case-A is attached a handle, for a like use. y

In the rear part of the tool is the howelling-bit, c, its edge projecting through the working-face, just `back ofthe middle of the tool. It is similar in construction to a plane-bit, except'that it has a curved4 edge, or an edge made up of two or more curves. It is also slotted, as at c', so that by a fixed post, d, andfnut cZ, it can be adjusted to greater or less depth of eut.

In the forward part of the case A isl hung, by'a ball-and-s'ocket or hinge joint, e e', a box or frame,f, through a mortise, in which are inserted' the cutters s s t. These cutters, when' in use, project through the Working-face, at or alittle forward ol' the middle point thereof, a little forward of the centre of the edge of thebit c, and inthe line of the joining of the curves a a or in the face a, such face being mortised for that purpose. These cutters are held inv place by a set-screw, u,'working against a plate, t'. By-loosening this screwvu, the cutters s s t may be adjusted higher or lower, or be taken out to be sharpened or changed. The forward cutter, s, is bevelledand'sharpened like a saw-tooth, to cut one side ofthe groove nin the barrel-stave m. The next cutter, s', is bevelled and sharpened, to cut the other side, and the last cutter, t, has a square or oblique-pointed bit, which cleans out the bottom of the groove n. A spring, z', acts against the lower part of the framef, and keeps the cutters s s t inside the case A when it is not desired to use them.

i Extending from one side to the other of the case A is a hollow cross-bar, g. Througlrit extends a rod, o, and to it is' attached a hook or catch, o', the latter being so actuated by a spiral spring that when the frame fis pressed down by pressure applied on the head g', the slotted lip f will pass d own over the catch 0, be caught and held byit. The cutters s' s t will then project slightly below the 'workingface a, as in fig. Q, and the tool be ready for use. Y

By the use of a bowel and croze thus made, thc ends of the staves of a barrel can be easily and rapidly shaped, as shown in iig. 5, to receive the head. The bit c, it'will be observed, has two cutting-edges, .fa z', each one a curve, the curvature of the one, m, being` such as is required for use with the curvedl face a, and that of the other, z', corresponding in like manner to the curvature of the other face, a. If desired, the point will be made square, to correspond to the shape of the face a. The lower face, a', it will also bc observed, and also the lower edge, 1v', are curves of the longer radii, so that the lower part, u', of the howelling, iig. 5, below the groove u, is not so long as the upper part; hence less cutting has to be done,` and at the same time a full shoulder is left in the chime of the stave above the groove n, to support the head-of the barrel. I'Ience, with the least possible outlay of labor, I do all .the howelling and crozingrcquired, and do it rapidly and well, and with a single tool. The cutters s s t of course cut the groove 1t, as already stated.

If the inner face of the staves of the barrelbe rough or uneven, it is sometimes advisable to usc the howellingchisel c first, and the crozing-cutters afterward. In such casefby pressing on the head o, attached to thc rod o, I throw the hook o back, so that the lip f is released. rlhc spring 1,' then raises the framef, and the bits of the cutters s's t are raisedpup inside the case A. l"'Ihen, by the howelling-bit c, the staven arev smoothed off in the line of the groove n. The cutters'e-s t are then again brought into use, as already described, and with the results stated.

As already mentioned, the working-faces a au', instead of beingcurved to diifcrent'radii, may have thc'same curvature, but in such case they should be so adjusted in the tool that'ithe radii of the one should cross those of the other; but if so preferred, the curves may be irregular, their deflection from a circular form being toward each other, so as to lessen the amount of cutting to be done back from the groove u. The curves of the cuttingedges :v x of the bit c should in any such case be made. to correspond.

The particular advantages I claim are, first, I make one tool adapted to do the work for which two tools havel heretofore been required, saving cost in construction, and time and labor in operation; second, by making theA working-faces as described, I lessenthe amount of cutting to be done by the howelling-chisel; third, a more convenient mode of adixing and adjusting the crozing-eutters; and, fourth, making Ia tool which may be used for howelling alone, or for both howelling and crozing. i

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1 1. In the vcase of a howel, or of a howel and oroze, the opposite working-faces@ a', made substantially as described, and either with or without the dat face a, for the purposes set forth.

2. A howelling-bit, c, made with two or more lcurved edges, x x', to correspond to the shapeof the workingfaces a aof ahowel-casc, substantially as above described.

8. The construction of a combined howel and croze, the cutting-bits of the crcze'bcing placed at or a little forward of the centre of the working-face of the howel, and the howelling-hit just back of the centre, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The framef, as a box or case for the crozing-chisels, hung in the combined tool by a ball-and-socket or hinge joint, or other equivalent device, and operatcd'su-bstantially as and for the purposes above set forth.

In testimony whereof, I, the said 'JACOB B. SIEGFRIED, have hereunto set my hand.

I JACOB B. SIEGFRIED.

Witnesses ELL TonRANcE, G. H. CHRISTY,

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