US821277A - Means for constructing concrete walls. - Google Patents

Description

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

fwwors PATENTED MAY 22, 1906. C. H. BELLARS. MEANS FOR CONSTRUCTING CONCRETE WALLS APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23. 1906.

No. 821,277. PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

' C. H. BELLARS.

MEANS FOR GONSTRUCTING CONCRETE WALLS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23, 1906- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

.UNITED STATES BarnierN ernten. ,l

CHARLES H. BELLARsor LYNDnunsfr,x rinfwlannfsnr.

' MEANS Fon oo'NsT-nucrme. CoiNoRii/Enwannsf.. ,u

No. 82i,277.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed January 28,1906. i Serial No'. 297,401.l` -I y f ii'. 4

f .ratenteafmay 22 ieee.

Tau/ZZ whom it may concern: Y

Beit known that I, CHARLES H. BELLARs, a citizen -of thel United States, residing in Lyndhurst, in the county of Bergen and State all of which means shall be easily handled and simple and economical in operation.

The invention consists in certain novel lfeatures and'details of arrangement and construction by which the above objects are attained,to be hereinafter described.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this s ecification and shoviT a preferred form of an method of using the apparatus.-

Figurel 1 is an elevation showing a corner of a building in process of construction with' the improved molds. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on a larger scale through a portion of a wall, showing the moldboardsand holding means in elevation. Fig. 3 is an elevationv showin a portion of the inner face of one of the mo dboards for the exterior face of the wall. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section' through the same board and a portion of an adjacent board. Fig. 5 is an elevation showing anl attachment for the same board. Fig.

6 is aftransverse sectiony taken on the line 6 6l in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a corresponding side view. Fig. 8 is a modified form of the attachment. Fig.'9 is a cross-section on the line 9 9 in Fig. 8, and Fig. 1() is a correspond# -ing elevation. Fig. 11 is a frontview, partly in vertical section, showing the molds for a ywindow-opening. Fig. 12 is a horizontal lsection on 'the line 12 12 in the preceding figure, `and Fig.: 13 is a corresponding vertical section. Fig. 14 is a vertical section through a 'portion of the wall and interior and exterior moldboards corresponding to Fig. 2, but on a much larger scale. Fig. 15 is a side view showingthe holding means, and Fig. 16y

is-a' horizontal-section showing the same parts in plan view. Fig. 17 is a horizontal section through a corner of the wall, showing the junction 0f uit interior melanoma; and the exterior moldboardsffy F is a horizontal section throughthe e'i'rterior miildboards at their junction.' *V i Similarletters of referencefindicate like i parts in all the igure's-"f The wall M Iisof'y Neoricreteyw yby which is meant the composition.of"cement, sand, and

other materials usually employed instructures of this charactenand `whicihamay be colored, if desired, tov imitate variouskin'ds of stone. The 'exterior' ymoldboards' shapin the outer face of the wall laremarked A an the interior moldboa'rds for'the inner or unexposed face of thewall *are marked B.

Each is in the form of alongstrip, prefer- `ably of wood, faced with sheet metal.` They are held apart by bolts@ a distance equal to the thickness `ofthe wall--tol be built and the space between filled with fthe concrete properly conditioned and .tampedpl Exterior and interior moldbo'ard's. are added by placing them on the upper edges-ofthe first and the .space thusprovidedsimilarly Milled until a number, five are shown, are in place and filled and theconcrete is set or hardened suficiently to support itself` reliably'with the bolts embedded therein-.-

The uppermost board of eachk series/ is allowed to remain in place,f fheld by its `bolts thus embedded,^while the others are removed 'by' withdrawing the.,lower boltsy and a ain,

superposed toform` a new .space whic is similarly filled with concrete, `and so on, until the wall has risen tothe desired height, the wall thus serving to support the two series-of moldboards during. the.l construction and avoidingy the labor `and Jexpense of" building scaffolding or complete molds fory the wall, as is the usual practice., y. v vg-y It is apparent that meansm ust beprovided for insuringuniform-.wall thicknessl and perpendicularity and also forsupporting each series of moldboards. lThis :is accomplished by stays D, preferabl-y-of heavy sheet .metal bent to channel formand. ealchhavingyopen slots or inclined notches yc in its edges, in which are received the bolts C, which may be simple` bolts threadedgat'the `ends to receive nuts, `(indicatedy by the .dottedflines atC in Fig. 14,) but preferably 1are tubes threaded at each end and engaged byspur gear-wheels D2, mounted on'sjtud's',Dftinv the trough-like openings inthe stays andturned by a suitable -wrench applied `.onsqil-,lares Dafon the gear-wheels, thus permitting., the staysto lbe 'rio drawn together, as desired, and clamp the moldboards securely to the wall. 'l`be rearf wheels are then locked l'rittionalh by mits Ii* on the studs D'. The stays are thus equipped at both ends and permit the upper ends to be adjusted, as necessary, to insure plumb wallfaces. Each bolt C is preferably equipped with dogs C2, pivoted within the tubular bolt and arranged to be swung outwardly through slots c' by a rod C3, forced axially through the bolt. Thus arranged the dogs U2 on the lower bolt are engaged in the concrete and hold the lower ends of the stays reliably. Vvhen this portion or "course of the wall is completed and the upper bolt embedded, the stays are released and shifted upward, the lower bolt being removed by withdrawing theirod and permitting the dogs to swing within the tubular bolt as the latter is drawn from the wall by the. lapplication of sufficient force. The hole thus left'is filled with concrete and the withdrawn bolt replaced through the stays at a higher level and the moldboards again successively superposed within the stays and held thereby in the perpendicular position determined by adjusting the stays and bolt, as above described.

VEach inoldboard may have holes at proper intervals to receive the bolts, so that the boards of each series may be interchangeable; but I prefer to thus perforate only the boards to be used as the upper and lower boards of each series. The interior moldboards B may be plain strips of suitable lumber; but to insure against warping and wear and also to produce a smooth wall-face they are preferably covered on the upper and lower edges and working face with sheet metal B', zinc, or othernon-corrosive material preferred. The edges and working faces of the exterior moldboards A are similarly protected by metal A', which may be embossed, if desired, to produce an ornamented wall-surface. l have shown the exterior moldboards as each'having a ridge A2 along the upper margin of the working faeezformed by bending the metal A', producing a correspondingly-shaped longitudinal groove in the wall and provided with vertical ridges A, making intersecting vertical grooves in the wall, the whole producing an imitation of masonry with channeled joints. The vertical ridges are also of sheet metalwith beveled ends matching to the angles of the horizontal ridges AIA2 on adjacent moldboards and are secured to the latter at proper intervals by the engagement of the in- 'tegrally-formedtongues AJX A4 1n slots al a in the'horizontal ridges or by projecting tongues of wire A5 A5 in holes a' a', as may be found preferable.

The window-opening is produced by setg ting the window-frame E in place and shapingthe outer potions of the opening by j ambl pieces F, forming the sides thereof, and the angles at the sill and lintel. The remaining i satan parts of the sill are shaped by rectangular boxes or tubes li", telescoping into a central box lf and secured by bolts F3 in slots f. The linteltnot shown) is similarly shaped, and the window-cap formed integral with the wall may be ornamented or plain by employing a suitable mold therefor.

The sill projects outwardly from the wall and is produced in a hollow frame' G, surrounding a rectangular opening in one of the exterior moldboards A. The frame Gr, with the moldboard and jamb-pieces F, is held in place and to the interior moldboard B by a clamp H, having a screw H'. (oncrete is filled into the frame G from the exterior until more than sufficient to form the proneting portion of the sill is supplied and partita., set or hardened. The excess is then cut off by the metal plate or slide G' in the slot g, provided in the upper part of the frame G, pro ducing a smooth exterior face on the sill. The abutting ends of the'interior moldboards B, forming the inner angle at the corner, are provided with loosely-fitting metal caps B2, arranged to be extended or contracted as may be required to produce the angle, (see Fig. 17,) and the exterior angle is formed by allowing one seriesf moldboards A toproject beyond the intersectin T face, while the other series abuts against tie first, being held in the desired relation. thereto by stud-bolts L, insert ed through the notches in one of the stays D and screwed into the ends of the abutting moldboards. The ends of the abutting moldboards are protected by sliding caps A6 similar to the caps B2 and are firmly held by short screws L', extending through metal braces D5 into the uppermost and lowermost of the abutting series.

Swinging hooks J are secured to the outer fac-es of the stays D for engaging the bolts (l while shifting the stays and moldboards, and

similar hooks J' on the rear l'aees ol' the stays near the ends are received in eyes J2 on the moldboards, thus removably securing the moldboards to the stays and causing them to follow the movements of the stays as the latter are adjusted for perpendicularity.

By the use of my invention the expensive construction of the usual complete mold for ICO IOS

IIO

the wall is avoided,a comparatively small number of the sectional moldboards being sufficient to build a wall of any dimensions, with window and door openings located as desired. All partsof the apparatus are light and easily handled and offer an extremely economical method of wall construction.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions of the partswithout departing from the principle of the invention or sacrificingits advantages, and parts of the invention may be used withoutl the whole.

A greater or less number of moldboards of greater or less width than shown may be employed'in each series, and they may be held yin place by other forms of sta the completedportion of the wa lby any suitable forms of removable bolts.

The metal covering for the boards may bedispensed carried by said bolts for en other in pairs,

with. The walls may be chambered or hollowed or reinforced with metallic rods or strips without interfering with the use of the invention, and the exterior of the wall may be plain or variously ornamented. The interior surface may-be roughened by correspondingly shaping the surface of the interior mold.

boards to produce a wall-surface adapted to receive plaster applied directly thereto. One face of the wall may be formed by my moldboards, the other being formed by any approved mold. As before stated, the bolts C may be engaged with the stays by nuts C C on the outer and inner faces, by which the stays may be adjusted and held in the desired perpendicular positions, stood.

I claim-d 1. In an apparatus for constructing concrete walls, a series of moldboards for the exterior face of a wall, a series of moldboards for the interior face of. said wall, stays for each of said series, located opposite each bolts extending through the lower portions of each pair of stays, through the lowermost board of each series and said wall, bolts extendin through the upper portions of each pair o stays, and through the uppermost board of each series, and means aging said wall when embedded therein, an means for disengaging said bolts.

2. In an apparatus for constructing concrete walls, a moldboard, a bolt en agin said board,and extending therethrough ancgl means carried by said bolt for engaging a wall when embedded therein, and means for disengaging said. bolt.

3. A bolt for the urposes described, consisting of a tube, ogs pivotally mounted therein and'constructed to swing through slots in said tube and protrude on the exterior thereof, and a rod adapted to be thrust through said tube and cause such'protrusion and to be withdrawn to permit the retraction of said dogs. l

4. In an apparatus'of the character set forth, a stay, a bolt extending therethrough and having a screw-threaded or annularlytoothed end, a gear-wheel mounted on said s secured to Y .as will be under-l stay and engaged with saidscrew-threads or teeth, means for turning said gear-wheel and moving said bolt and stay relatively to each other, and a controlling means for holding said gear-wheel against turning.

5. In an apparatus of the character set forth, two series of moldboards, a stay for each series, tubular bolts extending through said ,stays and the lowermost and uppermost boards of both series, teeth on the ends of said bolts, gear-wheels mounted on studs in said stays and engaged with said teeth, and vnuts on said stu s for frictionally holding said wheels when desired.

6. In an a paratus of the character described, mol boards yconstructed to match ed eto edge to constitute a series, longitudina ridges formed on the working faces of said boards, and removable transverse ridges constructed to engage the longitudinal rid es of two adjacent moldboards, substantial y as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, moldboards constructed to match edge to edge to form a serles, a metal covering for the working face of each of said boards, longitudinal ridges on said faces formed by shaping said metal covering, removable transverse ridges of sheet metal having tongues engaged in openings in the longitudinal ridges of two adjacent moldboards, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In an apparatus of' the character set forth, an adjustable frame for forming openings -in a wall', comprising vertical jambieces, and laterally-extending adjustable ollow telescoping sections connecting said jamb-pieces.

9. In an apparatus of the character described, a moldboard having an opening extending lon itudinally thereof, an outwardly-l ame surrounding said opening,

extending a slot in the upper face, and a and having slide received in said slot, all constructed to serve in forming a window-sill or like projection on' a concrete wall, substantially as herein set forth. l

In testimony that I claim the invention` above set forth I aflix, my signature in pres-

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