US814648A - Chuck for metal-working machines. - Google Patents

Description

msi-mw mi., iena.

B. W. HNSN.

CHUCK FOB. META L GREEN@ MACHINES.

APPLICATION .ELED JUNE 6.1903.

8 SHEETS-SHEET i.

. Nw, n

.N W N f.

. PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906.

B. M. W. HA'NSON'.

' CHUCK FOR METAL WORKING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6.1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

fzveno/ ,5%. W H M6021, y olf dormi/ y 110,814,648. PLTENTBD MAR. 6, 1906.-.m

B. M. W. HANSON. GHUCKFOR METAL WORKING MACHINE APPLIGATIOH FILED JUNE 6.1903.

To allwhom it may concerri': v-

l "tion on the stock..

. to permit the several 4 when said actuator is forced forward the 'jaws Awill be advanced toward the axls ofthe spin-v 4'.

4s other words, the thrust on the work by'each- 5o similar .characters 'v throughout the 4several views, Figure' 1 1s a STATESPATENT OEE'TCE.

BENGfT M. wnANsoN, lOF- L'iARTFORn 'CONNECTICUTQASSIGNOR TO PRATT a WHITNEY COMPANY,A OF HARTFORD; CONNECTICUT. Av

CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.`

LBENGT M. w; HRSON;

Beit known that a citizen of Sweden, residing at Hartford, in

' the county of Hartford' and State of Con` b 5 lnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Chucks for Metal-Working Machines,

of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates to. chucks and more es pecially to that class thereofemployed in w 'at are known as "automatic'metal-workm'g machines; and it has for one of its o'b f jects the provision ofa device of this charwhich thecollet .or work-'holder is composed ofa lurality olf-independent sections adaptedor cooperative clamping ac- Afurther object of'theinvention is the provision, in connection with each of the inde-v ;:o' pendent collet-sections,

of a devicelwhereby said v'section-n iay'be not, only maintained in its forward position against the c-ap ofthe chuck when the sections or jaws'are not in clampingaction, but whereby all liability of its movement toward the airis of the s indle be'vavoided.-l 'In this connection' my i'nven- .tion thereforecomprlses as one ofits features a jawreturning device the engaging. 3.

face of which acts normally to lock the jaws against. inward movement unless it is forced pose. W

inward byfan actuator provided Ifor the purnormally-to move the jaw-actuator rearwar jaws to open, so that die Without ,displacement longitudinally of said-spindle.

My` invention has, furthermore, for its ob-I. ject work-clamping jaws' of peculiar form whereby all tendency of said jaws to spring will be avoided, 'so

that the 'contact or, 1n

jaw will be in a direct line with the contactpo int between the jaw and the j aw-ac'tuator.

. In the accompanying drawings, in 4which denote similar'v parts Specification of Letters Patent. aplicaran nad im 6,1903.-

tratin during the feed moyement of the st'oc' will- 'CHUCK-Fon METAL#WORK-INGA MACH-INES. 1

Patented March A6,'1906. serial' Nq. 160,356.

is a central longitudinal to [disclose the construction.

section of the im- I proved chuck. Fig. l3- represents 'an' endv chuck in section and`partlyj gs. 4 and 5 are views'similar to Figs. 2 and i cone when the jaws are in -sectionalline beingremoved to produce a better effect in illustrating the action of the vchuck-j aws upon position of the chuck-jaws and vconical surfaces of, the actuator whenfsaid jaws "are in ven a.

work of small diameter. Fig. Sis a view similar to Fig. 6, showing thev agement withstand'ardstock. Fig. 9 is iagram taken on line 9 9 of Fig-8. Fig.'

1() 1s a section similarto Figsf and 8, illus-v the position of the chuck-jaws and conica actuator when 'said jaws are in engagement with the largest size of standard stock within the capacity of the chuck 3 and Fig. 1 1

is a diagram taken Asabove stated, my improved chuck oomprises aplurality -of individual'jaws, which on line 11 llfofFig. 10.

may be contracted toclamp the Work-as, for instance, by a .j awactuator, shown as a sleeveor similar device mounted for longitudinal movement relatively to the jaws and which may be operated in any conventional In the drawings the numeral 10 designates a tubular'm'ain s indle'having atits forward end an enlarged ead 11, which is externally threaded at 11" '12 of a" cap 12, and mounted for sliding to' engage the internal thread movement 1n said spindle is a sleeve 13,

throughwhich the stock is fed.v

'inasmuch as stock varies insize and difliculty would be-ex erienced insubstitutinga sleeve of different l the bore' oi said sleeve is made sufficiently large to accommodate-material of the'great' est diameter within the `capacity of the machine, and the jaws of the chuck properiare iameter for' the one in use,

lOO

made in sections independent of the sleeve,l I

and the aw-actuator 1s also independent of,

although actuated by, said sleeve. n

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the forward end of cap 12 is provided with an an? nular flange 14, which servesas a stop or abutment against which the jaws will be constantly held, so that no longitudinal moveing 16 in the flange 14 of cap 12 and also has a stop, shown as a shoulder 17, engaging with the inner side of said flange. Each jaw 15 has a conical'siirface, 18, and these surfaces engage with an inclinedl inner wall 19 in the head 192 of 'a jaw actuator .19, which is mounted for longitudinal movement within the head 11 of spindle 10, is supported at lits forward end within a hardened ring 20 of said head, said ring servin as a wear-resisting backing, and has ashan 193 tting in spindle 10 4and against the end of sleeve13. Means are provided for retaining the several jaws 15 of t e chuck in their open positions and for also simultaneously keeping the shoulders 17 in contact with the inner surface of the flange 14, and said means consist, in the exemplification given, ofiplungers 2 1, mounted in recesses f of the jaw-actuator, and each plunger being chambered for the reception of a spring 22,

' which bears at one 4end against the. bottom of the chamber' and at its other extremity is received in a seat in the end of a plug 23, held in said jaw-actuatorf19.

From the foregoing descriptionit will be seen that the springs 22 serve to shift the jaw-actuator and the chuck-jaws relatively to each other longitudinally, and hence it will be understood that inasmuch as the shoulders 17 of the jaws are in contact with the inner face of the flange 14 said springs will act to force the jawactuator 19 rearward, which-will -result'in withdrawing the conical inner surface of said actuator from the tapered outer portions of the jaws, thus enabling them to! move away from the axis of To force and hlold the aws open and also to prevent them om rattling within the cap and jaw-aotuat r, I preferably form the forward end of ea plunger with a beveled surface 24 lto engage a similarly beveled and undercut face orf shoulder 25von the jaw 15, so that when th, jaws are in their open positions it will be necessary to shift the plungers 2-1 bodily, thereby/A compressing springs 22 before said jaws can /be closed upon the stock. Hence the plungers described serve as stops to prevent ymovement of the jaws toward the axis of the spindle unless they are positively closed b v the jaw-actiiator19.

In order to keep the beveled ends of the plungers 21 and thelsbeveledfaces 25' of thel jaws in true positioiis,I Jpijovide'fi'nithe outer-4 surface of each; plungera grooveffQ, adapt to engage a pin 27, held within the body of the j aw-actuator 19, said pins serving to prevent the plungers from axial rotation. From the above description it will be seen that the sprin s 22 serve not only to hold the several jaws orward and against the inne'r surface of the flange 14 of cap 12, but also act to force the'jaw-actuator 19 rearward, this construction being clearly illustrated in 'F igs. '2 and 3N of ,the drawings.

In Figs. 4 and 5 arnodificaton is illustrated in which theplungers 21 serve only to force the jaws forward, thus holding their shoulders 17 against the flange 14. In this instance each spring 22 bears at its rear end against a plug 30, which is in contact with the end wall of the chamber in the head of spindle 10, and hence independent means are Soi provided for impartingwto'the jaw-actuatoitv Y a rearward movement-'with relation to the jaws 15. v

In Fig. 4 the jaw-actuator 19 vis shown lon-l gitudinally recessed or grooved at 31 to re ceive and guide a thrust block or plunger 32, having an inclined surface 32 at its forward end, which is'in-constant engagement with an abutmentesuoh, for instance, as a screw Y33, having a conical point 33-while' its rear end receives the thrust of a spring 34. This lspring is shown coiled around a screw-bolt 35,

threaded into or otherwise attached to the block 32, and the stem of.said bolt passes.

.through apart of the jaw-actuator 19, move ment of which as caused by the spring 34 is li'in'- ited by a head 36, provided on said screw 35, said head fitting in a recess in the rear face of the actuator 19. Normally vthe inclined surface 32 of block 32 will be in engagement with the conical point'33 of the screw 33,'and the jaw-actuator is so confined in movement that it can never be shifted far enough to nullify the action of the spring 34'in causing said actuator to release the jaws.

From what has been stated it will be seen that in both constructions illustrated the shoulders of the jaws are kept snugly againstl the inner surface of the flange 14 of cap -12 'and that there will be no longitudinal niovej ment of either the jaws or the stock and no v inward movement of said aws while they are in an open position.

In ehuek-'aws of ordinary construct-ion great difficulty exists in so clamping the work that it will be held iirnilywithout danger of slippage, and these ordinary jaws are liablev struction of the ychiurk-jaws that they will i hold the work in a better manner, and their grasping-siirfaees will always engage said rk on direct radial lilies, whether the stock .2.5 i of the jaws have receded from the actuator,

Y as in Fig. 9.

firni clamping pressure 'of the actuator 19 is always applied to.the jaws in direct radial lines, so that a contact upon work without deflection of tfie jaws is assured.

In further illustration of the actionof the conical actuator upon the conical peripheries therefrom, so that the actuator cannot be adof the jaws it will be seen by Fig. 6 that said actuator has moved forward to such a point that the arcs of the surfaces on which the actuator and jaw peripheries are formed are concentric to each other and the periphery of each jaw is in full .contact with the inner surface ofthe actuator. .In other words, the actuator has moved forward to its limit, while in Fi 8 it has not advanced as'far as in Fig.

. 6, an consequently the conical surface of the jaws recedes from the like surface of the actuator at the points 154.

In Figs. i() and 11 the work being of larger size than standard', the jaws are forced away vanced as far as; in Fi 8, and therefore it bears in direct radial llnes at the points 152 against the peripheries of the jaws, while points on the peripheries adjacent to the ends If two cones arev telescoped, there will be a point in which the enveloping cone will fit or coincide with the surface of the inner cone, (see Figs. 6 and 7,) and when Jche enveloping cone is withdrawn this full contact will be disestablished, as shown in Figs. 8 to 11, and

consequently with chuck-jaws constructed as described pressure must always be applied by the actuator on direct radial lines to the chuck-jaws, they will grasp the work on points directly opposite the points of engagel ment of the actuator, and'there will beno danger of springing the jaws.

.any suitable mechanism -may be employed' for shifting the sleeve 13 above mentioned, the mechanism shown in Fig. 1 of the "drawings comprising levers 40, pivoted at 41 to a collar 42, which is in screw-threaded engagement with the spindle 10 and may be held against rotation by a check-nut 43. Levers 40 are operated in the present instance by a conically-ended sleeve 44,

. mounted for sliding movement on the spindle 10 and serving to rock said levers 40 around their pivots 41 to impart a longitudinal movement to the sleeve 13, as will be v readily understood.

Myjnventionis not limited to the devices shownjan described :for holding the chucksections against an abutment andjfor preventing inward movement of said sections when the chuck is open; nor is it limited to any particular jaw-actuator nor to special means for operating said actuator. Changes may also be made in the form and proportions of the parts without departure from the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combination, with a head having an abutment, of a chuck composed of 1nde'.- pendent jaws; a jaw-actuator; plunger-'s carriedjb said jaw-actuator, and serving to hold tiie jaws against said abutment; and springs between said plungers and a part of the jaw-actuator. I

2. The combination, with a chambered head, of independent chuck-jaws mountedv in said head and each having a stop; a' cap having a perforated flan e againstwhich the stops of the jaws are eld; a jaw-actuator; means for operating said actuator to close the jaws; spring-abtulated plungers carried by the jaw-actuator, and serving to hold the chuck-jaws against, the flange ofthe cap; and means for retracting thel jaw-actuator to cause it to release the jaws.

3. The combination, with a chambered head having a perforated ange at its forward end, of independent-chuck-jaws, each having a shoulderon its outer surface; a jawactuator; plungers carried by said jaw-actuator, and bearing against the inner surfaces of said shoulders; and springs for actuating said plungers.

4. ,The combination, with a chambered head, of independent chuck-jaws mounted in said head and having conical exterior surfaces; a jaw-actuator shaped to engage said surfaces; a cap rigid with the head,yand having a perforated abutment at its forward end; plungers fitted in longitudinal recesses of. the jaw-actuator; and springs for-causing said 4plungers to hold the chuck-jaws against said abutment.

IIO

5. The combination, with a chambered i head, of a perforated abutment overlapping the forward end of said head; chuck-jaws.

having conical and undercut surfaces; a recessed jaw-actuator having a conical interior; and spring-actuated plungers located.in the recesses of the actuator and having inclined ends for fitting the undercut-surfaces of said chuck-jaws. j

6. The combination, with .a chuck composed of jaws each of which is provided with a recess having an undercut wall, of a head in which 'said chuck is mounted; a cap having a iiange at its forward end, said cap being rigid with the head; a series of plungers having inclined ends adapted to engage the undercut walls of the recesses; a support for said plungers; andmeans for forcing said plungers forward to thereby hold the chuck sections forward ends receivedi 1o v'said head, and having notches -Walls; a recessed jaw-actuator lmward movement When t e-chuck is open.

y 7. The combination, with a fchambered head, of conical jaw-segments inounted in having van inclined ilmersurface; plungers seated the recesses' of the actuator and ofthe jaws; and-sprin' s for impelling said notches, and thereby movement of the jaws'when they are in their plungers against the uildercutwalls ossa'id. ,l preventing inwardV .f open positions.

tor, of chuck-jaws having 8. The combination, With a chambered head, of a cap removal)I r secured tothe head and having a perforalt ld flange; a-{series of Aconical jaw-,seglmentshc Vch havin a'shoulder and a recess with an u ercut Wa l;l` a conical jawfactuator having recesses; plungers. With 'l inclined forward ends fittedin the recesses of the. j aW-actuator, `springs bearing'against-.the plungers and impelling 'them forward; and means for operating said jaw-actuator.

" 9. The combination, with a conical actuagrasping-surfaces formed on ana'rc struck from an axis conwith undercut v having inclined Within the notches cording with the axis of latteris in engagement with the largest size of stock Within the capacity of the chuck,

and conical peripheral surfaces formed on ripheral surface eccentric to said graspingsurface, the eripheral surfaces being formed on arcs struc from an axis nearer the grasping-surface than the 4axis of the curve on Which the grasping-surface is formed.

11. A chuck-jaw havinga curved grasp'- ing-'surface, and an outer conical surface, sai l outer conical surface being formed on arcs struck ,from an axis nearer the grasping-surface than the axis of the curve on which the said lgrasping-surface is formed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses. s s

BEN GT M. lV. HANSON. Witnesses:

HARRIE, E; BAILEY, N EHEMrAH S. BATES.

Images