US80082A - Peters - Google Patents

Description

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N4 PETERS, YHOTO-UTMOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

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Letters Patent No. 80,082, dated lJuly 21, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN `VAIE-GrEAR FOB. STEAM-HAMMERS.'

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: i

Be it known that I, FnEDEnI'CK B. MILES, (assigner to Bement and Dougherty,) of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented an Improved Valve-MotionI for Steam-Hammers, Steam-Engines, 85e; and I do hereby declare the following toibo-a full, clear, and exact description of the same.,

My invention .relates to a. valve-motion for steam-hammers, in which the steamA acts below the piston for raising the ram, and-above the piston for forcing it dewn, an ordinary cylindrical or common slide, br other valve being used; and v my invention consists of a lever connected to and oberated by the ram or other reciprocating .part of the hammer, in combination with an adjustable fulcrum, on which the lever can slide, and by which and the sliding andV Vibatinglever, suehvariable. differential movements may be imparted to the lvalve from the said lever that the valve will be operated quickly at each end of the stroke, andmore slowly in the middle of lthe same, and that the quantity of steam used will be proportionate to the work required, as'

more fully described hereafter.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I wili now proceed to describe Aits construction and operation, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms a part of this Specification, and in .which i Figure 1, drawing No. 1, represents a-side view of a steam-hammer with my improved valve-motion.

Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, drawing No. `2,A are diagrams illustrating the operation of the same. Figure 6, a view showing the'mode of using an ordinary slide-valve in connection with the valve-motion; and Figure 7, a detached view ofthe main operating-lever. Y On reference to drawing No.1, A represents the frame of the hummer, B the anvil-block, and C guides for the ram; D being the steam-cylinder, andE the chest, containing the valve', which, inthe present instance, is the 'well-known cylindrical vibrating-valve, having a spindle, a, projecting through the coverofthechest. .As the steam-cylinder, its ports, 'passagesn piston, and` piston-red, attached to the ram, lare all similar to these fof other steanihammers, and as -they are shown, together with thevalve, in the diagrams, igs. '2, 3, 4,'and-5,

drawing- No. 2, a minute description of them will not be necessary.

lo the valve-spindle a, iig. 1, is secured an arm, I1, to the pin cl of which connected the upper slotted end e of the rodF, the lower end` let; the latter being jointed to aflever, G, tlrefi'ulcrunizof which is a`piii,f, on a lever I-I, which is hungby a pini, zto the frame of the hammer. This pin f'passes through and is secured to a block arranged to slidejn a slot, mi, of the said lever Gr, the long-arm of which is connected to the ram or'.

other reciprocating part ofthe hammer. Therlever II is connected by a rod, I, Vto a. lever, J, hung by n pin, i, to the side oi' the frame, and provided .with any suitable appliances bywhiclrit can be secured'co a quadrant, K, after adjustment. s Y

This lever J and the rod I may be dispensed with, and a lever, H', shown in iigs. 2,3, LHand 5, drawing No. 2, substituted for the lever H, iig. 1, the lever Il being ofabell-cranlc form, its long arm forming the operating-handle, and its short arm being provided with a Pimf, lprojecting through theslot m in the lever G.

he operation of 4my limproved valvemotion will be best observed by reference to the diagrams, gs. 2, 3, 4, vand 5, drawing No. 2, in which the sliding bleek z is supposedto represent apart of the ram of the hammer to which the lever G is-conneeted.

v u In iig. 2, the levervvI-IJhas been-adjusted to a position which insures the lon'gestmovement of and the heaviest blow from the ram, Ithe steam being supposed to be cut oil' from the valve-chest, and the operating parts in a. quiescent state, and the piston, and consequently the ram, being at halfstroke, while the lo'wer steam-port is slightly open. 'Ihe moment steam is admitted to the valvc=chest, the piston and ram will -rise until the lever G and its appendages assume the position shown by red color in The valve, however,

has beenzat the saine time moved` tosuch a position that steam is admitted to'ie cylinder .above the piston, while there is free egress for the steam' below thesame; hence, the piston and ram and the movingparts ofthe valve-motion have no sooner reached the positions indicated byred color, than thepiston and ram are forced downwards to-the point indicated by blue color, fig, 3, the lever being brought to the position shown bythe Same color, and the. valve tothe position shown in the same figure, the lower steam-port being`fully open for the admission ef'steam to the cylinder below the piston, while the spaceabove thesam'e'is open-to the exhaust; hence, a blow; has no sooner been eiectnally. imparted .by the ram thanit, ascends, to be again forced downwards after reaching the point indicated by red color, and thus a succession of long movements is imparted to the ram, and proportionately heavylblows will be struck'by the same; and this will conti-nue as long as the lever H is retained in the position indicated in figs. 2 and 3, but if the lever be moved to the point shown in fig. 4, the positionjof the fulcrum-pinf, of the lever G, will beso -altered that an entire change willY take place, and theV movement of thesaid lever, and its operation on the valve in respect -to the movement of the hammer, will be changed..v Y i l I l Thus after the ram has reached vthe position indicated byblue color, and it begins to'rise, the movementv imparted by the yleve/r Gr to the valve will'. be more rapid than in the case of iig.v 3, and the ram will conselquently ilall after it has reached the position indicated by red red color ;.;hence, as long as thelcver H remains in'the yposition shown inv iig. 4, the rain will make a succession of rapid strokes rising but a short distance above the anvil. When the lever H hasbeen adjusted to the position shown in g. 5, the fulcrum-pin hasfbeen again altered with another result. y A

In -this case the ram, after reachingl the limit of its upward movement, indicated by red color, will not 'descend-further tha'nthe point shown by blue color before it again rises, so that the ram will make a series of short strokes vbetween the points indicated. v l

It will now be seen that when the lever H is adjusted to the position shown in fig. '3, the ram makes a full stroke, while in'ig. itmakes a short ilowjer stroke, and in'iig. 5a. short upper stroke, and will be evident that by adjusting' the lever to positions between those `pointed out, a longer or shorter top stroke, or a longer or'shorter lower stroke may berobtained as the exigencies of the work to beoperated on may demand. This variation of stroke is accomplished by leaving the valve open for a longer or shorter interval in the various positions,l and thereby p r'oportioning the quantityof steam used to the work required, which is'the principal advantage .of thisvalve-motion. i i

- `The mov-,ement transmitted by the ram, through the medium ofthe lever'G, to the rod'F, and consequently to the valve, dpends upon the position of the fulcrumpin f, a very slight alteration of which will insure a Change of stroke in theram, as-will be` understood by a careful examination 'of the diagrams, igs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, -withoutn lengthy explanation. l v

Although prefer the rotary -valve shown in these/figures, it will be'evident that the results described may be obtained by the use of an ordinary slide-valve, 'as yshown in fig. 6. No matter what description of valve be used, it is important that there should be some lost motion between the lever G and the valve. This is obtained in the present instance by causing the pin c?, of the valve-arm, to pass through a slot, e, in the rod F, iig. 1 The object of this is` topermit the valve to complete its movenze/nt by its own momentum, after the operatinglever G has been arrested. v By this lost' motion the ram is enabled to strike the iron without 'any cushion steam u'nder the piston to lessen the force of the blow. Although on striking the blow, thelever Gr is arrested before the lower port is open, the valve-arm t, by its momentum, moves downward in the slot e in therod and opens the lower port, thereby admitting steam beneaththc piston to raise the' ram. I I In practice, I make three or more holes, iig.V 7, in the leverG, into any one of which the pin of the rod E may be adjusted'to suit the pressure of steam employed.

It will he evident theta fulcrum,f, 'for the lever G, may be operated through devices other than a. lever, H', although I'prefer the latter, 'or a system of vrodsnnd levers, as shown in iig. 1, as being both simpleland eieetive in practice, v It will be evident that the above-described valve-motion may be used in connection with direct-acting steam-engines.

I claim as my invention,'and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The slotted leve'rG, arranged to slide and vibrate on an adjustable fulerum, and constructednnd operating'in connection with the ramo? a steam-hammer,orwith the piston-rod, or other reciprocating part of a steam-hammer or engine, substantially as and-for the purposesetforth.' l.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to tliis specication'in tlie presenceof two subscrihing'witnesses.

F.' n. MILES. Witnesses:

JOHN WHITE, C. B. Paton.

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