US7945A - nokris peters co - Google Patents

Description

N 'UNITED-STATES PATENT OFFICE- JN0. PEPPER, br BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR i SANFORD.

.To o. WARREN, AND 1H. G.

Specicaton of Letters `Patentpoi.ii17.9115, dated February\25,` 1i851; Antedated `August 25, 1850.

To all whom t concern; p l,

Be it known that I, JOHN PEPPER, of Portsmouth, in the county of Rockingham andState of New Hampshire,`have invented new and `useful. Improvements in the chinery for Framework-Knitting, being improvements upon` the stockingframe in common use, and sothatn thesame maybe worked by steam, water, or other power, and more advantageously than in the manner and bythe `means heretoforeused.` The improved frame or Q machine is to `be operatedby a powerapplied to a revolving shaft; andI do hereby declare thattheffollowing isa full, clear, and eXa'ot description of the `oonstruction and operation of the same, refer-` ence being `had to theannexed drawings,

making` part` of this specification .for the better `understanding thereof in which--` machine,` the parts represented by `dotted lines being obscured by other parts of` the machine immediatelyin front. F1g.g2,-1s

ahorizontalsection of thesame at A, B, of`

Fig. l, as seen from above. Fig. 43,-isia vertical section `of thesame `from front to` back at C, D, of Fig. 1, as seen from the` Fig. 4,-is a top view of the same;`

right. Fig. 5,is a top* view of the shoe and shoe plate, the full lines` showing the position of the shoe when the cam will strike -it on the right andthe :dotted lines its position when the cam will `strike it on the left. Fig. 6,-`-

is the form ofthe two cams, which cause and regulatethe `upward motion of the sinker frame, and regulate its downward motion.

late `its upward motion. y Fig. 9,-is the form of the two cams which contribute toi move and regulate the `motion of the whole ribbed Fig. 10,-is a front elework attachment. vation of the ribbed-work attachment. Fig. 11,-is an end view ofthe same. Fig..l2,- is a vertical section from fronttoback at C, D, Fig. l, as seen fromthe right showing the position `of the semi-circles when placed horizontally abovethe upper rear girth F. 1

Fig. 13,-is a horizontal section at f A, B, Fig. l, showing the semicirclesand chains when` placedhorizontallyasseen from above.

Figure. l is affront elevation of the whole Fig. 7 ,--isthe form` of the 'two cams which cause` and regulate the forward The!annexeddrawings are made on a represented thereby,eXcept the needles which are represented at about their full size, the jacks at abouthalf size,\and the shoe. at about onefthird the `size of those i in the original machine, the length: of the machines may be varied at pleasureaccordingto the number and `widtliwofthe' webs to be knit thereon, without, altering the construction of the machine invotherrespects, `except that there must bena carrier and slur :knob to each-web `The width may be varied at discretion. "The `same letters s and ligures of reference are` used inall thesaid drawings to denote thesame ,parts of the machine.

The letters` E designateia frame of cas iron,bracedby girthsl of wood F. y

G; is the principal shaft to which the power is appliedfat H.

J represents Jack; and lead sinkers placed alternately, the acksinkers attached to the jacks Kpwith a joint, and the lead sinkers attached-to the ixedlead A, as in the com-` mon stocking frame. now in use.` Needles b fixed `in-.the lead et()` project between` each jack and lead isinker, the form `and size of t-he` jacks, sinkers: and needles are sirnilar` tothose now inuse in the common stocking framefand the movements of `the jacks and i sinkers :to produce the stitch are the same- Vin my machine asin .the common .stocking v frame. p Every cam movement hereinafter described.`

except that ofthe cam which acts upon the shoe, iis produced by two similar cams, one;

laterally to the rearends of the cam bars L which .cam bars areA at their front ends firmly attached tothe lower end of the slides `Mof the sinker frame The slides M arecapable ofsliding intheboxes O, `and are attached at their upper ends by pivot joints to the sinker bar 27 of the sinker frame, from which bar, the lead sinkers are suspended, and vibrate with the sinker frame. rPhe comb bar P which rests on its axis on the top of the hanging bars S, is connected to the sinker frame N, by the half jacks U, which are firmly fixed to the comb bar P, and which at their forward ends t-urn upon pivots in boxes attached. to the hanging cheeks or uprights of the sinker frame, and being bent down at right angles, are at their other ends fixed to the cross bar 28'. Said boxes are attached to said cheeks below the sinker bar 27, and about one third the distance from the top to the bottom of said cheeks, by means of screws in slots, so that their position may be changed up or down as may be required as seen at F ig. 8.`

The cross bar 28, contains the springs 29, which press against the tail ends ofthe jacks. When the sinker frame is raised by the action of the cam 6, the lead sinkers suspended as aforesaid are raised with it, and the forward ends of the half jacks connected with the sinker frame as aforesaid, are also raised, and their rear ends, with the cross bar 28, and the springs 29, are thereby depressed, pressing down the tail ends of the jacks, and thus raising the forward ends with the jack sinkers suspended therefrom, at the same time with the raising of the lead sinkers. The spiral springs C, attached to the cam bars L and to project-ions from the lower girth F draw the sinker frame N first downward motion of the sinker frame bringing down the lead sinkers, after the slur knob has passed and the jack sinkers have fallen raises the springs 29, the jacks remaining unmoved so that the springs are thereby brought into the saine relative position to the tail ends of the jacks as they were in before the slur knob passed which relative position is retained till the slur knob acts again. rPhe falling of the lead sinkers upon the thread causes the jack sinkers to rise a litt-le by the tension of the thread so that the loops are equalized. A locker bar is dispensed with. The backward and forward motion of the sinkers is'caused by the action of the cam 7, against rollers iXed in projections from the cross bar 60 attached to tached to the iron frame E. The upper ends of the hanging bars (S.) are connected to the upper parts of the uprights of the sinker frame N, by means of the comb bar P, and the half jacks U in the manner above described, when the lower ends of the hanging bars S, are pushed back by the cams 7, the upper ends are thrown forward causing the sinker frame with all the sinkers to vibrate forward, the spiral springs e attached to the hanging bars S, below their center of inotion, and to the front part of the iron frame E, draw the lower parts of the hanging bars forward, throwing the upper ends backward, causing the sinker frame with all the sinkers to vibrate backward, as the cam 7, allows.

The motion of the slur knob Q, and carrier needle Q2 right and left alternately, is caused by the action of the cam V, against the shoe 5, which is 'attached to the shoe plate f by the center pin g. At every revolution of the of the cam V, the shoe is pushed to the right or left, moving with it the shoe plate f,-if the first revolution pushes it to the right, the second will push it to the left, and so on right and left alternately. One end of each of the chains (7L) is fastened to the shoe plate at a', and the other ends are secured to the hub y' of the semi-circles 7c. The chains Z, fastened at one end to the semicirclees lc, at a, pass around the semicircles and guide pulleys m, and are attached at the other end by a hook, or screw bolt to the lupright bar WV, at 0. The upper end of the bar WV, is connected with the slur knob by a pivot on which it vibrates, right and left to a distance regulated by screws Z9, allowing the slur knob to follow a little behind the carrier needle, so that the jack sinkers will not fall until the thread has passed. The lower end of the bar W, is connected with the carriage g by the horizontal bar X, which may be curved alittle so as to make room for the web. The carriage g, to which the carrier needle g2 is attached, is capable of sliding on the carrier bar 30, which is firmly fixed to the iron frame E. Vhen the shoe plate is moved to the right or left by the action of the cam V, the chains t attached to the shoe plate f at z', and passing around the hubs of the semicircles, cause the semicircles to make about half a revolution, and the chains (l) on the periphery of the semicircles move a distance proportional to the increased size of the periphery over the hub. Vhen the shoe plate is pushed to the right, the chain it turns the left semicircle and winds the chain Z around its periphery, thereby drawing the slur knob and carrier needle to the left, andat the same time the other chain Z inward from the periphery of the right semicircle, and winds the other chain L around its hub. l/Vhen the shoe plate is pushed to the left, all the motions are reversed, and the slur knob, and carrier needle are thereby drawn to the right,

The distance to which the slur knob and carrier needle must be drawn, varies with the width of the web to be knit, and may be reg-` ulated by pins inserted in the cross bar 30, at 36, as well as by the length of the chains, and `the size ofthe semi-circles, and when more than one web isI to be knit on the same machine, the slur knobs andcarrier needles must be increased, so that there shall be one slur knobandone carrier needleto every `web, of which all` of feach kind may beat` tached to one slide..`

The semicircles, as some may deem preferable may be placed horizontally upon stands fixed upon the upperrear girth as shown in Figs. 12 and 13,-their axes being upright,

and in such case the" chains Z are attached directly tothe ban `VV,`without the use of the which are fixed rmly upon the shaft s, resting on its axis on the brass stands upon the upper cross bars of the frame E. The i presser 1" is fixed to the shaft s, by curved bars or presser bows t. .Vhen the cam 8` revolves, it presses upon the knob Y, forcing the ,bars az, the rods w, and thecurved brass levers o, downward causingthe shafts, to turn and bring the presser r down againstl the needle beards at I). The upward motion of the presser is caused by the spiral springs 12 attached at one end to projections downward` from the front girth F, and at the other end to levers 31, projecting from the crooked iron bar downward at rightangles th'ereto. When the cams 8 allow, the springs 12 draw the lower end of levers 31, forward, and thereby raise the forward end of the bars withthe` rods w, and curved brass levers c', causing the shaft s to turn back and lift the presser after it has performed its office. The presser is thus brought down and elevated, so as to be removed from before the work, and out of the way of the operative.

When ribbed `work is to be manufactured, the ribbed-work attachment, Figs. 10 and 11, and representedin Figs. 1, 2 and 3 by red lines is preixedto the machine by bolting the stands 13 on the front girth F, at 14. The

leadsv l5, Figs. 1, l0, and 11, in which the needles are cast, are secured to the ribbed needle bar 16 in the same manner as in the ribbed stocking loom` in common use by screws. The ribbed `needle bar 16 is supported by the uprights of the frame 17 usually called the ribbed machine arms, on

fwhich it oscillates on pivots at each end. The horns 32 attached at each end of the `ribbed needle bar `16, and capable of sliding `and a little upward by the forward motion of the sinker frame hereinbefore described. The lower ends of the uprights ofthe frame 17 are supported uponpivots 201ixed in the front ends of the curved levers 18 on which pivots they move as upon joints. The curved bars 18 `capable of vibrating on the rod 19 depress theframe 17, whenthe cam 9 raises the back ends of the levers, by striking the rollers attached thereto, and thereby draw downthe needles after they have taken the loops.v The frame is drawn upward by two spiral springs 26 attached to the curved bars 18 toward their back ends, behind their center of motion, their lower ends being attached to projections inward from the` lower girthF.

l Operation: The yarn is taken from the wooving bobbins 35 Fig. l, and passes through the tube ofthe carrier needle at 36 and is carried by it under the outer lips or ribs of the sinkers. The slur knob followdown the jacksinkers as before described `carrying down the thread between every other needle. The springs c then draw down i.

the sinker frame, as the cam 6 allows, thereby bringing down the lead sinkers, and completing the looping. The cam 7 then forces all the sinkers forward carrying the loops under the b'eards `of the needles to their points., The cam 6 then lifts the sinker frame so as tolift the inner lips of the sinkers abovethe needles, while .the cam 8 forces down the presser upon the beards of the needles, meanwhile the cam 7 forces the sinker frame, and all the sinkers forward,` casting the web over the ends of the needles,

and drawing the new loops through the last loopsof the web. The springs c then draw down the sinker frame, so that the inner lips or ribs of the sinkers lay hold of the web, thereupon the springs e draw back the sinker` frame with the sinkers, carrying the web to its first position. At the same time the cam 6 lifts the sinker frame so that the thread may be allowed to pass under the outer lips or ribs of the sinkers, and the machine is ready to perform another operation'.

ments of the machine` are as above described for plain knitting, with the additional movements that after the thread has been forced down by the sinkers between the horizontal j Then ribbed work is to be knit, the moveneedles in the needle bar first described the springs 26 acting upon the curved levers 18 lift the ribbed needle plate 16 while the sinker frame forces it forwerd and a litt-le upward, so that the beards of'the needles lay hold of the loops to form the ribbed stitch z-The cams 9 acting on the rear ends of the curved levers 18 draw the ribbed needles, down, and the web being fixed on the horizontal frame needles, the loops are thereby drawn up under their beards. The presser 1" which is the one above described, and which serves to depress the beards of both sets of needles at the same time is then brought down upon their beards. The facing bar against which the frame 17 rests having forced forward the ribbed needle bar, holds it firmly while the presser acts upon the needles. The cam 9, then lifts the rear ends of the levers 18, and thereby draws down the ribbed work needles, with the new loops, while the former stitches thereon, are drawn over their ends.

In the ribbed work attachment, as above.

described, a machine slide is dispensed with, the presser 7" remaining upon the beards of the needles, until the old stitch is drawn above the point of the beards, but as some may prefer to use the machine slide, although the other method is far preferable, the following is the manner in which 1 construct in my improved machine, the ribbed work attachment with the machine slide, and the operation of the same.

Fig. EST-is a front view of the ribbedwork attachment with the machine slide, the needles being about one-fourth original size.

Fig. 35i-is an end view of the same.

Fig. 39.-is the form of the two cams which move the machine slide.

41 is the form of the two cams which contribute to move and regulate the motion of the whole ribbed work attachment as conA structed with the machine slide, except the motion of the slide and apparatus thereto attached.

The machine slide is a narrow plate of brass nearly the length of the attachment, having its edge bent to an angle of about forty-live degrees as shown in cross section Fig. 38 at 42 and is riveted to the edge of a thin plate of steel 43, the projecting or inclined edge of the brass plate is perforated with small oblong holes through which the ribbed work needles pass.

The size of the apertures in the original machine is about one-eighth of an inch wide,l

and one-fourth of an inch long; the size of the holes must vary however according to the gage' of the loom, or the size of the needles they are to admit,-the length of the holes will also depend upon the inclination of the bent edge of the plate. In its operation when the machine slide is moved up, which takes place immediately after the 'presser r rises, the upper side of the plate or ends of the apertures press the needle beards into the eyes of the needles, and the lower side brings up the previously formed stitch which is caused to slide oft' the ends of the needles. The machine slide also acts as a guide for the needles which from their slenderness are liable to deflection. To elevate the machine slide t-he upper ends of the bars 44, are attached to the ends of the slide and the other ends are connected with the curved levers 45 by the rod 46. The levers 45 vibrate on the pins 19 when the cam 39 which is fixed on the main shaft at 48 is caused to revolve. A bolt fastened by a screw in the slot 49 of the cam 39 acts upon a knob projecting from the back or inner ends of the levers 45 as shown at 50 Fig. 38, and pushes it down at the same time elevating the opposite end upon which the machine slide rests. The slide is depressed by its own weight. i

The construction of the other parts of the ribbed work attachment with the machine slide is the same as hereinbefore described, except the cam 41, which is substituted for the cam 9, the rod 2O substituted for the pivots 20. in Figs. 10, and 11, and the pins 19 which are substituted for the rod 19 in Figs. 10 and 11. The falling bar 23 upon which the jacks fall is capable of being raised or lowered by screws, and the stitch gaged by it, and by varying the height of t-he swells of the cams so that the distance to which the sinkers will be moved up and down, forward and backward will be increased or diminished.

The two small swells on the higher part of cam 7 serve to give two motions or beats forward of the sinkers, which is desirable for weaving heavy work. For weaving very heavy work said cam 7 may be formed with three small swells, and for weaving light work with one swell only, instead of said two small swells.

rlhe slay which separates and guides the jacks is the same as in the common stocking frame now in use.

The downward motion of the sinker frame instead of by the springs 0 may be produced by weights suspended from the lower ends of the slides M, or by making the frame sufficiently heavy to descend of its own weight. The oiiice of the springs e may be performed by spiral or other steel springs attached to the rear uprights of the iron frame F, which upper part `of theframe, or by a lever and weight-or the springs c, e, 12 and 26 may be dispensedwith, and the cams 6, 7, 8, 9 and 41 formed with grooves in which knobs the manner in which I have constructed my `machine as above described I deem prefera able.

Having thus described the "construction and operation of my Improved Machine, I claim as my invention the following new improvements- 1. My first improvement consists in the manner of producing the upward and downward motion as above described of the lead sinkers, and thejack sinkers so far as they move simultaneously, and

2. I claim the half jack U, vibrating on the comb bar P, and connected with `the sinker frame, and with the movable cross bar 28 and springs `29 for the purpose of depressing the tail ends of the jacks, and thereby raising their forward ends with the jack sinkers as aforesaid.

3. I also claim the movable cross-bar 28,

` containing the springs 29, connected as afore` said, and `for thepurposes aforesaid. et. My second improvement consistsinthe manner of producing the backward andforward motion of the jack and lead sinkers as' above described, and i l a 5. I claim the cams 7 ,-in combination with the cross bar 60, with the projections thereon; the hanging bars S, vibrating on and forty-eight.

i i In Presence of-" pivots,"the comb bar P, and the half jacks U connected with the sinker frame as aforesaid and for the purposes aforesaid. f 6. My third improvement consists in the manner of moving the carrier needle and slur knob as aforesaid, and

7 I claim the combination of the cam V, and the shoe and shoe plate for the purposes aforesaid.

`8. I als'o claim the combination of the cam V, with the shoe 5, the movable `shoe plate f,

the chains h', and Z, the semicircles and hubs,

or wheel and hub, the bar IV, connected with the slur carriage, and the slur knob Q, and the horizontal bar X, the carriage g, connected with the carrier needle g2, for the purposes aforesaid. i

9. My fourth improvement consists in the manner of moving the ribbed work attachment, and producing the ribbed stitch, simultaneously with the plain stitch without the machine slide, and with one presser as above described, and

10. I claim the combination of the cams 9 withthe levers 1S, connected with the frame 17 ,and with the ribbed needle bar 16 for the purposes aforesaid-also the same in combination with the presser r, connected, moved and operating as aforesaid, and for the purposes aforesaid.`

In witness whereof, I have hereto subscribed my hand, and aiiiXed my seal, in the presence of two witnesses this sixteenth day of September `in the year eighteen hundred JOHN PEPPEE. [1.. a] i ALBERT F. I-IAToH, JAMES W. EMERY.

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