US78206A - breed - Google Patents

Description

@uiten tstrs stwt @Hire ROBERT HENEAGD AND Ft. W. BREED, Or BUFFALO, New YORK.

Letters Patent No. 78,206, dated May 26, 1868.

RAILROAD-GAB. VENTILATORS.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

` Be it known that we, ROBERT Hnwnnen and F. W. BREED, of the city of Buffalo, in the countyof Erie, and State of New York, 'have invented certain new and useful Improvements in- Method of Ventilating Railroad- I Coaches; and .we do hereby declare that the following is arfull and exact description thereof, reference being had to the' aecompanyingrdrawings, making part of this specification, in which-'- Figure I is a side elevation of a locomotive-tender and one coach provided with our improvements. Figure II is a plan of the smoke-stack and the funnel induction-'endet theair-tnbe. l.ligure III is an enlargediand partially (sectional view of the pipe-coupling between the cars. Figure IV is `a view of one of the ends or contiguous faces of the said coupling. l Figure V is an enlarged vertical section of the wind-wheel and suction-screw, for withdrawing the vitiated air.A Figures VI and VII arevhorizontal sections, made respectively on lines :n a: and y yin Fig. V. v Our invention consistsl p First, in the arrangement, along the top of the cars, of an air-pipe, withl two funnel induction-'mouths-at the front of the locomotive, `on each side of the smoke-stack, when the said pipe is provided withnI flexible coupling between the cars, and with branch-pipes descending and opening on eachrside into the car, where they are provided with stop-eocks or registers, within convenient reach of the passengers, for regulating the ingress of the air. p A

Second, thecoupling for thevsaid air-pipe, when constructed, as hereinafter described, so that each halfvof 'the-same can be used indiiferently as a. male or female, as may be required.

" .Third,`the construction and arrangement of a device for exhausting the vitiated air from the car, com

V'posed of a wind-wheel, operating a suction-screw,` and a; register for controlling the'exhaust produced thereby.

Fourth, the combination of the last device with the aforesaid arrangement for supplying fresh air, when the whole is employed in Ventilating railroad-cars, as will hereafter be fully set forth.

Fifth, the arrangement of a valve or stop-cock in the air-pipe at each end, for closing the same when the our forms the last one of the train.

In the drawings, A B C represent a. locomotive, tender, and a coach of a railroad-train; D, an air-pipe, arranged on top of the cars, being. divided at the front end into two branches, Dl D,passing on each side of the smokestack, and provided with funnel-shaped mouths, D? D2, for receiving and concentrating the air, which, in connection with the velocity of thertrain, causes a strong draught through the pipe. D3 isa iexible portion of the pipe between the cars'7 which is provided with a. coupling, E, of the peculiar construct-ion hereafter described. Over each coach to he supplied with air from the pipe D extend l.transversely small branch-pipes d d, on each side, which pass intoA and descend the sides ofthe cars to a suitable distance, for 'discharging the airinto the car, stop-cocks or registers, d', being arranged at their extremities, by which the ingress of the air can be con veniently regulated by the passengers. The pipe D, at each end of the coaches, is provided with a check or other valve, -a, so that the rear end of the pipe ofthe last coachof the train can be closed, so as to prevent the 'escape of air at that point, and thereby compel' the air to descend the branch-pipes d. I

Thecoupling E is required to be so constructed 'that both halvesV may be used indiierently as a. male or female; or, in other words, -the coaches are required to be so constructed that either end of'eaoh can be connected with either end of any other-car, and, consequently, the halves of the coupling for the pipe must possess the same adaptability of engagement. For this purpose, we construct cach half of the coupling with a. faceplate, e, provided with ears, e1 el, on opposite sides, from which extend, parallel with the pipe, sleeves e, in which slide the locking-bolts j'. The ear-portions of the face-plates e have rectangular or elongated openings, z', through which pass the corespondingly-formed heads f1 of the sliding bolt of the other portion of the coupling, the two plates being fastened together by partially turning the bolts, (which the enlarged socket of the sleeve permits,) so that the lugs of the head will engage with the sides or shoulders of the opening, as clearly shown 1n the seci tional part of Fig. III. The bolts f are provided with thumb-lcvers, g, or equivalent, for turning them, and with a pin, f2, projecting from each, which iits and slides'in an L or longitudinal and transverse slot, m, in the sleeve.` The transverse portion of the slot is preferably made so as to incline away from the joint of the coupling, so that, in'turning the bolt in locking the parts together, the inclination ofthe slot will tend to draw the two faces of the coupling more irmly together.

It is evident that only two of the four bolts of the coupling arc in use at the same time, the other two being drawn back out of the way, as shown at the left in Fig. III.

The features of our improvements arc designed to furnish, at all times, an ample supply of pure air, which, entering the pipe at the very front end of' the locomotive, must be entirely free ofthe dust, cinders, and smoke which always contaminate, more or less, the air which enters the cars directly through the` windows or other apertures. i I Y By multiplying the branch-pipes the supply for every seat, or every two seats, may be ventirely under the control ot its or their occupants,who can, by means of the registers d', adapt the draught to their different requirements. Any person who has experienced the alternative of breathing the close and vitiated air-of a car, or of enduring the equally unpleasant draught of air, dust, and cinders, willfully appreciate this feature of our invention. l .l

The arrangement shown for facilitating4 the withdrawal of the vitiate'd air consists of a vertical cylindrical case, H, on top of each coach, in which are arranged, on thcjsame shaft, a wind-wheel, I, and suction-screw or fan, J, which is operated by the wind-wheel. I

The case H is pivoted in a step, as shown, or supported in some other. suitable way, so as to be capable of being turned by the vane Z, attached to cneside.

The side opposite the vane is left open, as shown, und is provided with two diverging wings, n n., to collect the wind, and direct it to the wheel, a suitable aperture for its escape being left on .the opposite side, as shown at o, Fig.` VI.

Below the wind-wl1eel is arranged a floor or diaphragm,Y dividing the case', below which is the compartment inwhich the screw revolves. A passage, s, is'formed through the roof of the car, opening up into the bottom of this latterco'nlpartmeut, which passage is controlled by a register, p. An aperture, g, is provided in the case, H, above the screw, as an outlet for the vitiatcd air which is drawn up through the passage s by the action of the screw.

By means ofthis arrangement, a draught through the passage s, of greater or less force, can always be produced, removing the vitiated and impure air from the car. with great facility. In coldweather, the opening can be partially or entirely closed by the register p, as comfort or other circumstances vmay require, while in summer, during the extreme hot weather, a constant current of pure fresh air can always be maintained throughA the car by means of this arrangement, combined with the onepreviously described, thereby promoting the com-- fort as well as the health of the passengers.

In addition to the advantages already enumerated, the employment of our improvements will be of great importance in protecting the clothes and persons of passengers from themost disagreeable and deleterious effects of dust andlamp-black.

This will notionly effect a great saving in the line of clothing, but will also dispense with, to a great extent, the necessity of a change in garments of a passenger, as he emerges from a car, before hefis in a fit plight to appear in polite society.

The inconvenience that will thus be avoided, all must appreciate. What we claim as our invention is i 1. The coupling E,'when constructed and operatingsubstantially in the manner shown und described. 2. '.lhe pivoted case H, provided with wings n n and vane Z, in combination with the wind-wheel I, screw or fand', and register p, the whole arranged and operating substantially as and for thc purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the two devices, herein described, for supplying pure air and withdrawing the impure air, from railroad-coaches, substantially as set forth.

"ROBT HENEAGE,

F. W. BREED.

Witnesses:v

JAY HYATT, V. H. Bncirnn.

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