US772336A - Shears. - Google Patents

Description

No. 772,336; PATENTED OCT. 18, 1904. L. BOUDRIAS.

SHEARS.

APPLICATION rum) NOV. 1a, 1903.

' N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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Witnesses:

. a W Attorneys No. 772,336. PATENTED OCT 18, 1904.

L. BOUDRIAS.

SHEARS.

APPLICATION FILED nov, 1a, 1903.

NO .MODEL a sums-sans? 2.

. Witnesses: ZOMZ SEOMYL QS; inventor i Attorneys UNITED STATES Patented October 18, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

SHEARSL SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 772,336, dated October 18, 1904.

Application filed NovemberlG, 1903. Serial No. 181,264=. (No model.)

Quebec, Canada, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Shears; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to shears such as used by iron-workers for cutting off lengths of iron, such as bar-iron.

The invention is intended to be used especially in connection with rivet and bolt machines.

. In machines of the class mentioned the material to be cut is advanced through an opening in a hardened-steel block, and at the outer face of this block a cutter or shear passes at right angles to the axis of the material. a By reason of the enormous force which is necessary in order to shear heavy materials the edges of the opening in the block referred to become quickly worn, so that after. a little use these hardened blocks must be renewed, as their further use would be inefficient and the cut or sheared faces would not be even and at right angles to the axis of the bar. The constant renewal of these hardened-steel blocks is a source of considerable expense; and it, is the object of this invention to provide a shear of improved construction which will not be open to the disadvantage mentioned.

In its general construction the invention contemplates the employment of a fixed elongated face-plate adapted to be attached to the outer face of the face-plate.

fixed shearing-head of the machine, and this face-plate has an opening through the same adapted to receive bushings of different sizes adapted for cutting round iron of different diameters, and on the face of this face-plate there is provided a longitudinally-disposed groove or slot, which communicates with the opening through the plate and receives a hardened-steel strip which is flush with the The inner extremity of this strip is received at a mutilated portion of the bushing, so that the strip presents a surface or edge which receives the brunt of the force or the pressure when the shearing operation takes place. Where bushings of different diameters are used, this strip would have its inner extremity correspondingly changed, so as to conform always to the material being cut. A shearing die or cutter operates upon the material in shearing and moves in the direction in which the strip extends. In the outer face of the face-plate there is also a second. groove or slot disposed substantially at right angles to the first, and this slot receives a backer or Hacking-strip,

which is adapted to receive the thrust at the rear extremity of the die-strip or first strip referred to. As the die-strip becomes broken or chipped at the point where the shearing takes place it would be continuously reground and advanced toward the opening, as will be readily understood, distance-pieces or liners being placed between the rear of the die-strip and the backer-strip, so as to compensate for the reduced length which would result from the regrinding operation.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more fully described hereinafter, and definitely set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, which fully illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is substantially a plan of 'a portion of the shears at the shearing-point,

a portion of the fixed head being shown in section and certain parts being broken away, as will appear. Fig. 2 is substantially a front elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 1, certain parts being broken away, as will appear. Fig. 3 is a perspective of the face-plate, representing the strips normally carried in the face thereof as removed. Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken substantially on the line I 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the face-plate. Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken substantially on the line 6 6 of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a section'through the face-plate, taken substantially on the line 7 7 of Fig. 2. Fig. Sis a perspective representing a bushingsuch as used in connection with the invention. Fig. 9 is a perspective of another bushing of enlarged diameter which could also be used in connection with the invention.

Throughout the drawings and specification the same numerals of'reference denote like parts.

Referring more particularly to the parts, 1 represents a fixed shearing-head, which may be of any common form and provided with a substantially horizontal enlarged opening 2, which passes through the same, as indicated. Upon the outer face 3 of the shearing-head 1 a face-plate 4 is attached, the same being countersunk or recessed into the face of the shearing-head, as shown. This face-plate consists of an elongated rectangular block having an opening 5 passing through the same, which opening is adapted to aline with the aforesaid opening 2 through the head 1. This opening 5 is preferably counterbored, as indicated at 6, to receive a flange 7 of a bushing 8, the body 9 of which bushing would be disposed in the reduced portion of the opening 5, as indicated, fitting nicely therein, as will be readily understood. The inner extremity of the body 9 on one side of the verticaldiameter would be cut away or mutilated to form a recess 10, presenting oppositely-disposed vertical shoulders 11. The outer face of this plate 4 is provided with a longitudinally-disposed groove or slot 12, which slot communicates with the opening 5 and has preferably undercut or beveled edges 13, making a dovetail connection with the slidable die-strip 14. The

face of this die-strip is flush with the outer face of the face-plate and is preferably of a width substantially the same as the diameter of the opening 5, as indicated. Also the thickness of this strip is preferably the same as the depth of the shoulders 11.

It should be understood that when the bushing 8 is applied in the opening 5 in the manner indicated in Fig. 1 the inner extremity of the die-strip 14: is adapted to occupy the position of the mutilated portion of the body of the bushing. In other words, the inner extremity of the die-strip completes the edge of the bore 15 through the bushing, for which purpose theinner edge of the strip is of semicircular form, as indicated at 16.

In the face of the face-plate 4 and at the extremity thereof remote from the opening 5 there is formed a vertically-disposed groove or slot 17 which slot is adapted to receive a backing-strip 18, which slides into the same behind the rear extremity of the die-strip 1 1. The rear edge 19 of this slot 17 is undercut, as indicated, and the forward edge 20 has a plain edge, as indicated. A pair of removable pins 21 afford means for maintaining the backing-strip 18 in position.

It should be understood that a bar 22, such as that indicated to be cut off, would be introduced through the rear of the cutter-head so as to lie in the bore 15 of the bushing and projecting forwardly from the face-plate, as indicated, so as to lie in the path of the cutter 23, which cutter is preferably of substantially the form shown and moves along the face of the face-plate, the same being mounted in a cuttenhead 24 in any suitable manner. As indicated, the face of thecutter would have a semicircular recess 25 of a diameter corresponding with the diameter of the rod being cut. As the cutter advances in the direction of the arrow (indicated in Fig. 1) the projecting portion of the bar 22 would be sheared, as will be readily understood, and evidently the edge 16 of the diestrip 14 would bear the brunt of the shearing forces. As this edge 16 becomes injured, as would eventually happen, the strip 14'would be removed and its edge reground, whereupon it would be replaced and distance pieces 26 would be placed behind the rear extremity of the same, so as to make up the deficiency in length due to the grinding of'the cuttingface. In Fig. 2 these distance-pieces are represented; but in Fig. 7 the section is supposed to represent the device in its original unworn condition, at which time there would be no necessity for the employment of distance-pieces. It should be understood that in practice bushings adapted for cutting different diameters, as indicated in Figs. 8 and 9, would be employed, the outer dimensions of the bushings in all cases being the same; but the bores would vary to suit the material being cut, as will be readily understood. It should also be stated that the same strip 1 1 could be employed with bushings of various internal diameters, it being understood that the edge 16 would bereground to suit the inner diameter of the bushing then in use.

The economy effected by this invention is apparent, as by its use the necessity for the present hardened-steel blocks would be dispensed with. In practice the face-plate could be of steel or wrought-iron of very ordinary quality, although the die-strip 14 would of course be of hardened steel, preferably of the same quality as the hardened-steel blocks now in use.

While I have shown in the accompanying drawings the preferred form of my invention, it will be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise form shown, for many of the details may be changed in form or position without affecting the operativeness or utility of my invention, and I therefore reserve the right to make all such modifications as are included within the scope of the following claims or of mechanical equivalents to the structures set forth.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. In a shears, a plate provided with an opening therethrough, said plate having a channel therein terminating at said opening, a slidable member, having a cutting edge, adapted to slide longitudinally of said groove,

locking means therefor, and a cutter adapted to travel in a plane substantially parallel with said slidable member.

2. In combination, a plate having an opening therethrough and having a channel in the face of said plate, a bushing received'in said opening and having a mutilated edge in alinement with said channel, a movable member mounted in said channel the extremity whereof is adapted to occupy said mutilated edge, and a cutteradapted to pass said opening.

3. In combination, a plate having an opening therethrough and having'a groove in the face thereof communicating with said opentremity whereof is adapted to complete the edge of said opening, a member adapted to be received by said plate and constituting a backing for said strip, and a cutter adapted to move across said opening longitudinallyavith respect to said strip.

4. In combination, a plate having an opening therethrough, a groove in the face thereof communicating with said opening, a movable strip mounted in said groove, the inner extremity whereof constitutes an edge of said opening, a transversely-disposed strip con-. stituting a back for said first strip, distancepieces adapted to be received behind said first strip, and a cutter adapted to move across said opening and longitudinally with respect to said first strip.

5. In combination, a plate having an opening therethrough, a bushing received in said opening and having a mutilated edge, said plate having a groove in the face thereof ing, a strip mounted in said groove the ex alining with said mutilated edge, a strip of hard material carried in said groove, the inner extremity whereof is adapted to occupy said mutilated edge and complete said opening, a transversely-disposed groove in the face of said plate, a second strip mounted therein and constituting a backingto receive the thrust from said first strip, distance-pieces adapted to be placed behind said first strip, and a cutter adapted to move across said opening and longitudinally with respect to said first strip.

6. In combination a face-plate for a shear having an opening therethrough, abushing received in said opening and having a mutilated edge at the outer face of said plate, said.

plate having a groove in the face thereof alining with said mutilated edge, a strip of hard material received in said groove, the inner extremity whereof is received at said mutilated edge and constitutes the shearing edge of said opening, a transverse groove in the face of sald plate having a plaln edge on the side adjacent to said opening, and an'undercut edge on the side remote from said opening, a strip adapted to be received in said second groove and constituting a backing for said first strip, and a cutter adapted to pass across said opening longitudinally with respect to said first strip.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS BOUDRIAS. Witnesses:

T. MYNARD, GEO. BOUDRIAS.

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