US747185A - Electric heater. - Google Patents

Description

No. 747,185. PATENTED DEG. l5, 1903. y

E. W. KELLEY L J. F. MOELROY. I

ELECTRIC HEATER.

APPLIQATION FILED MAY 17. 1897. Y No MODEL. a sums-sum1: 1.

i Y \X\\ \Y\ No. 747,185. PATENTED DEC. l5, 1903.

' E. W. KELLEY & J. F. MOELROY.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

APPLICATION PILEI` MAY 17. 1897.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No HoDEL.

1117 l l /lll/v/lll ll No. 747,185. EATENTED EE0. 15, 1903.

E. W. KELLEY L J. E. MOEEEOY.

ELECTRIC HEATER. n APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1897.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' '2L BMA/ML UNITED STATES Patented December 15, 1903.

PATENT OEEICE.

FREDERICK W. KELLEY AND JAMES F. MCELROY, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO CONSOLIDATED CAR-HEATING COMPANY, OF ALBANY,

NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 747,185, dated December 15, 1903. Application led May 17, 1897- Serial No. 686,897. (No model.)v

T0 @ZZ whom, it may concern:

'Be it known that we, FREDERICK W. KEL- LEY and J AMES F. McELRoY, citizens of the United States, residing in the city and county of Albany, State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric Heaters, of which the following is a specication.

Our invention relates to devices for heating by electricity; and the object of our invention is to provide an electric heater so constructed that a large amount of resistance may be placed in a small compass and to allow for the free circulation of air in contact with a large portion of the resistance. We attain this object by means of the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a plan with part broken away. Fig. 2 is a section along the lines y y. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of a modified form; and Fig. 4 is a section along the lines ,a z of Fig. 3 with part broken away, showing section a; x on Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is asection showing our heater placed in the floor of an apartment.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In order to obtain the greatest amount of efficiency in an electric heater, it is necessary to arrange a large quantity of resistance and to provide for the free passage of air in contact with the greatest possible portion of the resistance-surface. In order to accomplish this result, We use a coil of Wire or a series of coils, if preferred, separating the coils from each other by means of suitable insulating material in such a manner that the coil may vibrate only in the directionof its length and so that the air to be heated shall pass through it at right angles 4to the plane of the coil. It is apparent that the form of the heater may be that of a flat disk or that of a rectangle, as shown in Fig. 3, or in any other suitable form. l/Ve do not, therefore, limit ourselves to any particular shape of heater. We may thus arrange an electric heater in the surface of the floor, as shown in Fig. 5, the plate K, through which the heated air passes into the apartment, being flush with the oor or thereabout, forming a register.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, A represents a casting provided with perfor-ations, carrying a disk A', onto which is secured (or it may be made integral therewith) an annular projecting rim B, forming a support or rest for one' end of the porcelain or other non-conducting supports O C, the other end of said non conducting supports resting upon the casting A. We thus arrange a series of nonconducting supports extending radially from the center of the heater. For a resistance we preferably use a wire coiled in the form of a spiral spring, and beginning near the center of the heater and supported from the block or core E we coil the resistance R in a spiral path around the heater, separating each coil from the adjacent coil by means of an insulating substance F, preferably asbestes. On the top of the coil thus arranged We place a series of porcelain strips G G immediately over the non-conducting supports O O and hold them in position by means of the spider H, which has a projecting tongue 7L, adapted to fit into a correspondinggroove g in the porcelain strips Gr. For the purpose of holding the porcelain strips, resistance, and insulating material firmly in position we place the bolt .I through the spider, the block E, and the casting A and secure the same by means of the nutj on the end thereof or in any suitable manner. We place the casing K around the heater, securing the same to the disk A by means of suitable bolts a a or in any suitable manner. The plate K is provided with a series of openings Zr; Zo at the front and side, allowing for the free passage of air.

In Figs. 3 and a we arrange a plate L, which is the front plate of the heater and upon which area series of inwardly-projecting` lugs Z Z, engaging with the porcelain strips M M, said porcelain strips each having recesses cut therein to fit upon the projecting lugs Z Z, the faces of the porcelain strips M M opposite to those provided with the recesses itting upon the projecting lugs Z Z having a series of grooves formed therein, within which the resistauce-coils R rest, said porcelain strips M M also having notches cut in their surfaces adjacent to said grooves, within which the asbestos or other non-conducting material F IOO is partially inserted. We place strips of porcelain N N or other non-conducting substance, each having one of its surfaces provided with grooves and notches,within which that portion of the resistance R and the insulating substance F which projects beyond the recesses in the porcelains M M have a seat, and thus one pair of said porcelain strips, M, is placed beneath the resistance R, and the other, N, placed above such resistance, the two pairs of non-conducting strips thus securely holding the coils R and the insulating substance F in position. We thus provide a series of reversible porcelains between which the resistance is placed and to which it is secured.

We place the spider H, provided with a tongue h, fitting into a recess in the porcelain strips N, and secure said spider by means of a bolt J, passing through the plate L, through the porcelain strips M and N, or secure the spider in any suitable manner. The series of porcelain strips are arranged at suitable distances apart throughout the length of the heater. The plate L is perforated, allowing for the free circulation of air in contact with the resistance. We preferably place a plate O, of insulating material, back of the heater and slightly separated form said insulating substance, thus forming a rear passage-way through which the partially-warmed air is carried from the resistance-conductor nearest the face-plate, through which the air enters the heater, to the resistance-conductor nearestA the discharge-opening of the heater. In the rear of the heater we arrange a plate P, and within the plate P we arrange suitable openings p and in the plate L an opening p', allowing the air to circulate freely between the plate P and the insulating material O to prevent the heater from burning the casing, upon which it may be placed.

The heater shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is adapted to be arranged in a vertical position having one edge, the top of the heater, the other the bottom, so that the opening 1o' shall be at the bottom of the heater. The air will then enter through the opening 1o', come in contact with the resistance nearest said opening, will be heated and a portion thereof will pass upward through the space between the casing and the heater and out at the opening p. The rest of the air will pass upward in contact with the resistance above the opening p and out into the room through the opening in the plate L, near the top of the heater.

At the ends of the heater, attached to the plate L, we arrange porcelain strips Q, having a series of knobs S thereon and attach the resistance R to one of said knobs, extending said resistance to the other end of the heater, where it is straightened out and passed over two similar knobs S S 4and in this manner throughout the extent of the heater.

In each of these forms of heater we have shown a resistance so arranged that the wires are held firmly in position, so that however much the car or other apartment in which they are placed may be agitated there is absolutely no possibility of the resistance being affected by the vibration, except longitudinally or lengthwise of the wire, which could do no damage, and therefore there is no opportunity for short-circuiting, especially because the adjacent coils are securely separated by insulating material, and said insulating material is held as firmly in position as the coils themselves. A very large amount of resistance may be thus placed in the heater, and air passing through it at right angles to the plane of the heater will come in contact with a very large amount of the resistance, and thus provide a most eective heater.

Our heater is thus composed of two parts arranged in connection with each other in such a manner that the air shall first come in contact with one portion of the heater that is part of the resistance placed therein, which will suciently warm it to cause circulation, the other portion, the remaining resistance, completing the heating process immediately before the discharge of the air into the room, and thus a graduated heating process is employed.

The construction shown in Fig. 5 may be placed in the floor in a room as a register, air being admitted through perfor-ations made in the plate A and conducted thereto by means of a suitable air-box l2.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

IOO

1. In an electric heater a resistance in the form of a coil of wire arranged in layers until it assumes the form of a liat disk of wire; layers of non-conducting substance placed between adjacent layers of said resistance and in continuous contact therewith throughout the entire length of the resistance; a casing` composed of two perforated plates between which said resistance and non-conducting substance are placed; means for supporting said resistance and non-conducting substance securely and positively in position all so arranged and connected up that the air to be warmed shall pass through the perforations in one of said plates and through said resistance at right angles to the plane of said disk of resistance and out through the perforations in the other of said plates, substantially as described.

2. In an electric heater,a resistance; a nonconducting substance placed between adjacent layers of and in continuous contact with said resistance throughout its entire length; a face-plate arranged to allow for the passage of airinto the heater,and come in contact with said resistance and for its discharge therefrom after being heated; arear plate; a means for conveying the partially-warmed air passing into the heater through openings in the rear plate to the resistance nearest the discharge-opening, substantially as described.

3. In an electric heater, a perforated faceplate; a rear plate; a resistance; a partition IIO IZO

of non-conducting substance placed between the resistance and the rear plate so arranged and connected up that air to be heated may enter the heater through openings in the faceplate near the bottom of the heater, come into contact with the resistance and be discharged through openings in the faceeplate near the top of the heater, and also so that air may enter through an opening in the rear plate near the bottom of the heater and be discharged after coming into contact with the resistance nearest the discharge-opening through the said dischargeppening in the face-plate.

4. In an electric heater, a face-plate with openings for receiving air to come in contact with the resistance to be heated and openings for the discharge of the heated air; a resistance; a curved rear plate having an opening for the passage of air to be heated; a nonconducting material placed between said resistance and said rear plate; the air passage- Way between the rear plate and the said noncond noting substance registering with the said discharge-opening in the face-place, substantially as described.

5. In an electric heater, a face-plate and a rear plate; a resistance; a partition between the resistance and said rear plate; a means for bringingl the air to be heated through openings in said face-plate iu contact With said resistance and discharging the same through openings in the face-plate; a means for con- Veying air through openings in the rear plate and discharging same through the said discharge-openings in the face-plate, substantially as described.

Albany, New York, May 13, 1897.

FREDERICK W. KELLEY. JAMES F. MCELROY. vVitnessesz CHAs. B. MITCHELL, GEO. A. GREGG.

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