US737201A - Reciprocating-piston engine. - Google Patents

Description

PATNTBD AUGLZ, 1903.l I. W. BRADY., RBCIPROGATIN'G`PISTON' ENGINE.

AP`PLIOATION FILED NOV..6, 1802*.` v

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RBCIPROCATING PISTON ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 6, 1902.

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REGIPROGATING-PISTON ENGINE. Prplofnon FILED Nov. e, 1'902.

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I UNITED STATESv Patented August 25, 1903.

PATENT Orricn.

.FRANCIS W. BRADY, OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO ELEC-- TRIO BOAT COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

RECIPROCATING-PISTON ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent N o. 737,201, dated August 25, 1903.

Application filed November 6, 1902. Serial No. 130,225. (No model.)

ton is required, as in the case of engines em-I ployed for operating steering mechanisms,

and the invention resides mainly inthe gear whereby the piston-rod inl its reciprocating movements actuates and controls 'the movements of the engine-valve. Y

The object of this invention, s0 far asit relates to the valve-gear, isv to provide means for shifting the valve from the cut-off or central position vin either direction independently of the piston, for setting the latter inmotion,

and for controlling the extent vof movement required of the piston to return the Vvalve to the cut-off position again, whereby the piston may be arrested at any point in the cylinder that may be required.

Another object is to provide means whereby the piston may be moved in the cylinder by hand to any point required, and another is to provide means for operating the air-controlling valve in unison With the engine-valve; The gear for operating the valve comprises a rocker or rocking lever having one armcoupled through suitable devices With the piston-rod and tWo slotted arms at opposite sides of its fulcrum and another .rocker orA rocking device the fulcrum of Which slides or is movable, an arm on the shaft of this device being coupled to the stem of tlie engine-valve.

This rocking device has studs adapted to be put into engagement with the slots inthe arms of the other rocking lever or device. Byshifting the fulcrum of the rocking device which is coupled to the valve the latter may be shifted Without disturbingthe piston or rod of the engine, andfthis-shifting also moves the engaging` stud more or less deeply into the slot in the arm of the other rocking device, thereby varying the leverage and With it the extent o f movement of the piston relatively zontal section.

to the movement required to return the valve punch, to Huid-operated railroad-signals,.for

setting the signal indifferent positions, for

regulating pressure-reducing valves, and'forv many other uses that I need not enumerate here. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a sectional side elevation, the engine being shown in Vvertical axial section. Fig. 2 isa sectional plan', the -valve-chests being in hori- Fig. 3 is a sectional plan View of the intermediate valve-operating mechanism ;Y and Fig. 4 is a side elevation of this mechanism, showing the side opposite to that seen in Fig. 1. Figsr, 6, and 7 are respectively transverse sections in substantially the planes indicated by lines x5, no, and @c7 in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a vie'W showingthe piston at the end of` its predetermined movement. f

In the particularembodiment ofl the invention herein shown, 1 is a suitable bed-plate, and 2 is the engine cylinder mounted thereon.

3 is the piston,

4 is the piston-rod. 5 is the valve-chest, 6 is the double pistonvalve therein, and 7 is the stem thereof. 8 is the exhaust port and passage.

9 represents the port-passages leading from the ends ofthe chest to the cylinder, and 10 is the inlet for a liquid, as oil, forced or vunder cylinder, and 12 is a stop-valve controlling same. In the exhaust 9 is also a stop-valve 13. Ina chest 14 at the side of the main valvechest 5 is a slide-valve 15. This valve .controls the supply of compressed air to the oilpump. (Not shown.) Theairfrom'a' compressed-air chamber or. reservoir enters the chest 14 at an inlet' 16 and exhausts therefrom to the pump at an exhaust-outletlr.

The stems 7 and 18 of the respective valves 6 and 15 are coupled to a cross-head '20, and this cross-head or tie-piece is coupled bya link 21 With an arm 22 on a rock-shaft 23, Which-has bearings in slide-block 19, mounted IOC in horizontal guides in a suitable upright frame 2l on the bed-plate.

On the rock-shaft 23 is pinned or keyed a floating rocker or rocking lever 25, which is disposed at right angles to the arm 22 and carries at its respective ends roller-studs 2G. (Seen clearly in Fig. 3.) These studs engage, respectively, slots 27 in the shorter arms of a T- shaped rocker or rocking lever 28, Fi-g. 4E, the longer pendent arm of which is pivotally connected at 29 with a block 30, which plays in a guideway in a pendent bracket 3l, secured to the piston-rod, Fig. 6. The rocker 2S has a bearing on and turns about a stud 32, secured in a supportA on the bed-plate, and said stud is alined with the rock-shaft when the parts are in the position seen in Fig. 1.

It may be explained here that the liquid, as oil, used in the engine to move the piston is substantially non-elastic on non-compressiblc, and it is circulated by a pump which is coupled at its eduction side with the induction side l0 of the engine and at its induction side with the exhaust 8 of the engine. This pump, which circulates the oil, is operated by compressed air from a reservoir or holder, and the valve 15 controls the supply of air to run the pump. I have not shown the air-reservoir and pump, as these are in themselves known features.

The main purpose of the present invention is to have the piston 3 move in the cylinder for a definite distance and then stop, the movement being controlled by the valve 6. As the piston in its movement operates the the controlling-valve the intermediate mechanisin through which the valve is actuated is adapted to impart to the valve a greater extent of movement in proportion to the movement of the piston than is obtained by the usual mechanism employed for controlling a slide-valve. The mechanism between the piston-rod and valve-stem is such that the valve gives a full opening, has a quick movement, and is shifted back to the cut-off point by the piston when the latter shall have reached a predetermined point in the cylinder.

On the rock-shaft 23 there is a prolongation or extension 34C, which is a wrist or pin for setting the engine in motion.

Vhen the parts are disposed as seen in Fig. l-that is, with the piston 3 at the center of its stroke and the valve 6 at the cut-off point, both inlet-ports being closed-the two roller-studs 26 will be disposed as seen in Figs. 3 and Jc--that is, each will be entered about half its diameter into the respective slots 27 in the shorter arms of the rocker 28. Under these conditions the ends of the cylinder will be full of oil and the slide-valve 15 will be at its cut-off point. New if We wish to set the piston 3 in motion to the right in Fig. 1 the block 19 is moved to the right a certain distance by means of the startingvrist 34. The effect of this movement is to shift the valve 6 to the right through the medium of the arm 22 and link 21, and this movement causes the roller-stud 26 at the left in Figs. 1 and 3 to enter the slot 27 at that side, while the stud 2G at the right moves out clear of its slot. The piston new moves to the right, Fig. 1, in the cylinder and in doing so carries with it the bracket 31 and block 30, thus swinging or turning the T-shaped rocker or lever 28 about its axis at 32. The slotted arm thereon acts on the roller-stud 2G, which engages the slot therein and through the floating rocker 25, shaft 23, and arm 22 shifts the valve 6 back again. Then the piston shall have reached the end of its predetermined extent of movement to the right, the valve will have again returned to the cut-off point, Fig. S, and the piston will then stop and be held or locked rmly in that position by reason of the fact that it has oil on both sides of it, and the air-valve 15 will also be at the cut-off point, both valves being coupled so as to move in unison. The position ofthe parts at the end of the movement of the piston to the right is shown in Fig. S. It should be noted that the extent to which the piston will move in returning the valve to the cutonl position will be governed by the length of the levers of the intermediate mechanism between the pistonrod and the valve-stem, and it should be noted also that the leverage with which the slotted arm of the rocker 2S acts on the roller-stud of the iioating rocker will be governed by the extent to which said stud is made to enter the slot by the shifting of the block 19 with the starting-wrist at starting. It should be noted also that the extent of movement of the piston will be limited and controlled by the extent to which the block 19 is moved by the starting-wrist. For exampleif the block 19 should be shifted far enough (in the construction as shown) to carry the roller-stud into the slot as far as it will go the piston will be compelled to move to the end of the cylinder in order to shift the valve back to the eut-off point. By reason of the peculiar construction of the variable leverage device it follows that the longer the stroke of the piston the slower will be the return movement of the valve. As the mechanism is herein shown, if it be desired that the piston shall move from the center in the opposite direction-to the left in Fig. 1-the block 19 must be shifted to the left, so as to shift the valve 6 to the left and admit the oil to the right-hand side of the piston. When the block 19 is shifted in order to shift the valve, the shaft 23 is prevented from rocking by the engagement of the roller-stud 26 with the slot 27. The piston may, if desired,

be shifted to any position in the cylinder by opening the by-pass 11 and operating the piston through mechanism comprising a rack 35 on the piston-rod, a pinion 36 gearing there- With, and a wheel 37 on the same shaft 38 with said pinion.

I do not restrict myself to the specific mech- IOD rencor l anism herein shown and described, as it will be obvious to any skilled mechanic that some variation in the same may be made without departing in any material degree from my invention. For example, the valve 6 may be l any known kind of slide-valve.

Ihave shown the kind I prefer. The same is true of the block 30, which slides in a guideway in the pendent bracket or part 3l. Obviously this is a mere expedient to overcome the discrepancy between the curved path of the stud 29 and the rectilineal path of the bracket, and this may be compensated by any known device. The object in employing two slotted arms on the rocking lever or rocker 28 and two arms with roller studs on the rocker or lever is to provide fo'r the movement of the piston in both directions from itscentral position; but obviously the invention is fully embodied in one slotted arm and one studcarrying arm. Y

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. The combination with thc engine,of mechanism between and connecting the piston-rod and valve-stem of said engine, whereby the former operates the latter, said mechanism v comprising two adjacent rocking devices the Valve of the engine maybe shifted a variable distance Without disturbing the said piston 'and rod, substantially as .set forth.

2. The combination with 4the cylinder, its piston, the piston-rod, and the controllingvalve, of mechanism between the piston-rod and valve whereby the former operates the latter, said mechanism comprising a rocking lever having a slotted arm and an arm connected by coupling means with the piston-rod,

a iioating rocker device having an arm provided with a stud to engage the slot in thev arm of the said rocking lever and an arm connected by coupling means with the valve, and the means coupling the lever-arms to the piston-rod and valve, respectively, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with the cylinder, its piston, the piston-rod, the controlling-valve, and its stem, of the mechanism between said rod and stem whereby the rod operates the valve, said mechanism comprising the T- shaped rocking lever 28, having slots 27 in two of its arms, and connected to the pistony l rod through its other arm, coupling means for connecting said arm with said rod,the sliding block.l9, the rock-shaft 23 mounted therein, the rocking lever 25, provided with studs 26l to engage the respective slots in the lever 28, the arm 22 on said rock-shaft, and means coupling said arm to the valve-stem, whereby the'valve may be shifted to set the piston in motion without disturbing the piston-rod, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with the engine, and mechanism between the piston-rod and valvestem thereof, whereby the said rod in its movement actuates the valve, of a valve controlling the compressed-air supply, means connecting said valve with the valve-stem of the engine, means for opening communication between the ends of the engine-cylinder for the flow of liquid from one lend to the other, and means for shifting the position of the piston in-the cylinder by hand, substanl tially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed FRANCIS WV. BRADY.

/Vitnesses:

PETER A. Ross, WILLIAM J. FIRTH.

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