US735021A - Steam-generator. - Google Patents

Description

110.7351121. PATENTBD 11111128, 11103.A

STEAM QENERATQR. A

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.STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED DBO. 6, 189e.

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fno. 735,021. l rat-eared [my 2e, isos. UNTTBD STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK E. STANLEY AND FREELAN O. STANLEY, OF NEWTON, MASSAOH- SETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE STANLEY AUTOMOBILE COMPANY, A CORPO- RATION OF NEW YORK.

STEAM-G EN ERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 735,021, dated July 28, 1903.

Application tiled December 6, 1898. Serial No. 698,448. (No model.)

'b @ZZ whom it may concern,.- in Fig. l, some of the parts being omitted for Be it known that we, FRANK E. STANLEY clearness. Fig. 3 shows in vertical section and FREELANO. STANLEY, of Newton, county the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, taken on the of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have dotted line m @0, the boiler being broken away invented an Improvement in Steam-Generato save space on the drawings. 55

tors, of which the following description, in The tubular boiler Will be set upright and connection with the accompanying drawings, will be provided with a supply-pipe b for the is a specication, like letters on the drawings water and with an outlet pipe b for the representing like parts. steam. A hood ois placed on top of the boiler 1o In that class of burners for steam-generaand is constructed to torni achambero'ahove 6o tors in which a hydrocarbon liquid has been the boiler, a passage o2 leading laterally from employed it has been common to volatilize said chamber o', from which an upward pasthe liquid by subjecting the conducting-pipe sage o3 leads and also from which a downleading to the burner to the heat of the prodward passage o4 leads, the products ot cornucts of combustion or of the steam. This is bustion thus having two exit-passages. Nor- 65 effective to the extent of securing the desired mally the products of combustion will rise combustible vapor during the operation of through the upwardpassage 08, and to cause the burner and the heating of the boiler; but them to pass down through the passage o4 the after the llame of the burner has been exexhaust-steam pipe p from the engine (not zo tinguished and steam is no longer generated shown) will enter said chamber 0' and pass 7o the hydrocarbon liquidis no longer volatilacross to the opposite side and then project ized, and special means must be employed to downwardashort distance into the downward secure this result before the burner can be passage 04. When the exhaust is passing again ignited. To avoid the necessity of the down through said passage, the products of use of such special heaters, except in starting combustion will be drawn down Withit, draw- 75 the burner in the first instance, we conduct ing also a supply of air in through the pasthe oil-supply pipe throughasubstance which sage o3, which is mixed with the exhaustis heated from the burner and which will resteam and modifies the character thereof. tain its heat for a long time, even after the The burner consists of a bottom plate c,

5o steam in the boiler has practically cooled and provided with a number of perforations, and 8o condensed, so that a supply of vapor can atop plate c',located a short distance above be had at the burner long after the latter has it and provided with a like number of perbeen extinguished. To this end we make use forations, and said plates are setv in parallel of the water in the boiler, leading the oilhorizontal planes and are secured together pipe through the same. The liquid is reby a vertical side wall c2 of circular shape, 85 tained by closing the valve f2 or d", and the thereby forming a vapor-receiving chamber. water will retain its heat for a lone time at'- A number of short tubes o3 are provided, the ter the flame of the burner is extinguished ends of which are expanded into the perforaand will be hot enough after steam ceases to tions of said top and bottom plates, which 4o be generated to volatilize the oil iowing toprovide vertical passages directly through 9o ward the nozzle at any temperature above the said 'vapor-receiving chamber, but which do volatilizing-point of gasolene. not communicate therewith. These two One arrangement which has proved very plates c c are supported by a circular shell ettective is illustrated in the accompanying or case c4, which is secured to and depends drawings, in whichfrom the bottom of the boiler, the top plate -95 Figure l shows in side elevation and partial c' being located a short distance below the section a boiler and a hydrocarbon-burner bottom of the boiler to provide a combustionand means for supplying fuel thereto emchamber above the vapor-receiving chamber, bodying this invention. Fig. 2 shows in plan the top wall of which is formed by the botview and partial section the apparatus shown tom of the boiler and the bottom wall of which roo is formed by said vapor-receiving chamber. The top plate o is formed or provided with a large number of small orifices up through which the vapor from the vapor-receiving chamber passes as it is burned, and said orifices are herein shown as arranged in groups or circles around or concentric to the perforations into Which the upper ends of the tubes cs are expanded, so that around each short tube or pipe c3 a large number of small orifices will be located. The short tubes c3, which pass through the vapor-receiving chamber, open directly into the combustion-chamber and admit a large supply of air, and the vertical tubes of the boiler lead directly from the top of the combustion-chamber and insure a continuous upward draft and carry o the surplus air. The vaporwill be forced into the vapor receiving chamber under pressure and will be caused to pass up through said small orifices and burned in the combustion chamber, and as the vapor is forced through the orifices an upward draft will be created which draws a supply of air up through the short tubes c3, which com mingles uniformly with the vapor in the combustionchamber to insure complete combustion on the Well-known principle ofan Argand burner. The heat which is generated in the combustion-chamber will be conducted up through the tubes of the boiler, being assisted very materially by thus arranging the vaporburner beneath the boiler and having the airsupply tubes of said burner extended in the same direction as the tubes of the boiler.

The liquid hydrocarbon is contained in a tank (not shown) and is conveyed along a pipe CZ under suitable pressure, and said pipe d enters the combustion-chamber of the heating apparatus directly beneath the boiler and is connected to the lower end of a vertical pipe d', which may be one of the tubes of the boiler, or it may be a pipe passing up through one of the tubes of the boiler, and said pipe d is connected at its upper end to a horizontal pipe d2, which passes along the top ofthe boiler, through the chamber o to the opposite side thereof, and its opposite end is connected to the upper end of a vertical pipe d3, which, like the pipe d, may be one of the tubes of the boiler, or it may be a pipe passing down through one of said tubes, and the lower end of said pipe d3 terminates Within but near one side Wall of the combustion-chamber and is connected bya short pipe d4 with a valve-casinge, which has depending from it ashort pipe e', the lower end of which is connected with a valve-casing f, having a delivery-nozzle f at one end, which is provided With a shut-off valve f2. A passage is thus provided from the pipe d to the delivery-nozzlef, and the valve f2 controls the delivery. An auxiliary valve d is also provided in the pipe d,which controls the supply of liquid hydrocarbon. The boiler is in the first instance heated by any suitable means, and as the Water contained in the boiler increases in temperature the liquid hydrocarbon which passes alongr the pipe d and up the vertical pipe d', and so on, along the said passage Will soon become volatilized by the heat of the water of the boiler, and the volatilized liquid or vapor will enter the valve-case e preparatory to being forced into the vapor-receiving chamber to be burned; yet the temperature of the contents of the boiler is not sufficient to carbonize the liquid hydrocarbon.

A tube m is contained in the vapor-receiving chamber, which is made quite large in diameter and ot' sufcient length to project through the side wall of said chamber and to terminate at or near the middle ot' said chamber, and said tube is open at each end, although it may have a number of openings Within the vapor-receiving chamber, if desired. The delivery jet or nozzle f enters the outer end of the tube m, but only a short distance, and said deliveryjet or nozzle is considerably smaller in diameter than said tube m, so that an ample air-supply passage is provided around said jet or nozzle, and as the vapor is forced into the tube m under pressure a supply of air will be drawn in With it, which mingles with it, and consequently mixed vapor and air will be delivered to the vapor-receiving chamber. The vertical airtubes c3, before referred to, will provide additional supplies of air, and the quantity of air thus supplied will be sufficient to enable a blue, or what is commonly called a colorless, [iame to be at all times secured, thus obviating the production and deposit of carbon on the bottom of the boiler or Within the tubes of the boiler.

In starting the apparatus the valvef2 will remain closed, and a flame-such, for instance, as from a torch-Will be temporarily introduced into the combustion chamber through an aperture g, which is normally closed by the cap g and held in juxtaposition to the pipe d4 until such time as said pipe shall become heated sufficiently to volatilize the liquid hydrocarbon, forcing the liquid hydrocarbon back as the vapor is generated. Then the valve f2 will be opened and the vapor caused to enter the vapor-receiving chamber through the tube m, being delivered at or near the--middle of the chamber, and the vapor then passes up through the orifices in the top plate and will at once become ignited and begin to heat the Water in the boiler, and thereafter as the Water heats, the pipes which pass through the boiler and which provide a passage for the liquid hydrocarbon soon become heated sufficiently to volatilize said liquid hydrocarbon, causing it to pass continuously in a volatilized condition into the vapor-receivin g chamber.

The vapor Will be burned in the combustion-cham ber, and the air-supplywill be suicient to mix with the vapor at a proper ratio to insure complete combustion, and as a large number of air-inlet passages are provided which are Well distributed throughout the IOO IIO

combustion-chamber and located adjacent the vapor-orifices the air and Vapor will be very uniformly and thoroughly commingled.

Any suitable form or construction of watergage may be provided, and herein an ordinary glass gage h is connected into the pipes h h2, which are connected with the top and bottom of the boiler, and said pipe h2 has leading from it a short pipe h3, which is connected with a regulator-valve h4 of any well-known or suitable construction, and said pipe 71.2 also has connected with it a steam-gage h5 of suitable construction. The regulator-valve h4 is provided for the purpose of automatically controlling the supply of vapor to the vapor-receivingchamber by reducing the supply to the minimum when the steam-pressure in the boiler arrives at a predetermined point.

By the arrangement described after Water in the boiler is once heated if the flame is extinguished the heat of the water will sufiice to volatilize the oil in that part of the pipe within the water-space and retained therein by the cock or valve f2, arranged between the burner and boiler, so that the burner can be relighted long after the other parts of the apparatus have cooled o and until the water in the boiler is below the volatilizing-point of the oil.

We do not here claim the construction or combination of boiler and burner shown, this being the subject of our Letters Patent No. 661,561, dated November 13, 1900, and No. 637,176, dated November 14, 1899, nor do we claim the upwardly and downwardly directed outlet-passages with the exhaust-steam entering into the downwardly-directed passage, since the same are covered in another application divided from this application.

We are aware that it has been proposed to arrange the oil-supply pipe for a vapor-burning generator upon the outside of the boiler in juxtaposition with the water-space of the boiler to maintain the vaporization of the oil for a time after the fire under the boiler has been extinguished, for the water retains its heat for a considerable time after the fire has been extinguished. By the arrangement here disclosed, however, the oil-pipe passing directly in or through the water-space of the boiler is more effectively acted upon by the contained water than would be the case were the pipe upon the outside of the boiler. The oil-pipe is also directly acted uponby the products of combustion in the hood o when the burner is lighted.

Without limiting ourselves to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, we claim- 1. The combination with a steam-generator, of a burner for heating the same having a chamber to receive a mixture of vapor and air, a continuous oil-supply pipe leading to the burner and passing through the waterspace of the generator, and a valve in said pipe between the generator and burner, sub.- stantially as described.

2. The combination with a steam-generator, of a burner for heating the same having a chamber to receive a mixture of vapor and air, a chamber through which the products of combustion pass, and a continuousoil-supply pipe for said burner passing through said chamber and through the water-space of the generator.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

FRANK E. STANLEY. FREELAN O. STANLEY.

Witnesses:

B. F. BACON, CHARLES F. BACON.

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