US727639A - Chuck and boring-tool. - Google Patents

Description

. PATBNTED MAY 12, 1903. J. J. KEARNEY. CHUCK AND BORING TOOL. APPLICATION IILBID FEB. 5. 1902.

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- .J.J.KEARNEY'.

CHUCK AND BORING TOOL.

AiPPLIOATION FILED FEB- IL 1902.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Patented May 12, 1903.

OFFICE.

c ucK AND BORING-TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,639, dated May 12, 1903. Application filed February 5, 1902. Serial No. 92,628. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN JAMES KEARNEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Chucks and Boring-Tools, of which the following is a specification The purpose of this invention is to provide a chuck anda tool-shank provided with parts which interlock with the jaws of said chuck, whereby. the shank of the tool may be positively turned by the jaws, whether loosely engaged or tightly gripped-by the jaws, and means for locking the tool 1 shank against withdrawal from the chuck when loosely engaged by the jaws. By means of these improvements reamers, in the use of which it is desirable to allow slight lateral play, may be held within the chuck against longitudinal movement while loosely engaged by the j a'ws,

and boring-drills may be gripped firmly by the jaws in the usual manner. The arrangement is such that tools of various sizes and having shanks of the same general design may be held within the chuck.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention, Figure l'is a longitudinal section through the chuck, taken on the line between the jaws, a part of the chuck-spindle being shown in side view. Fig. 2 is a section on the line A A of Figkl, the spring-pawls being removed. Fig. 3 is a central sectional view through the chuck, showing a reamer held therein and having the spring-pawls connected to the head in a different manner from that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an end view of the chuck, the reamerbeing shown in section on the lin'e B B of Fig; 3. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a tool of small diameter held within a detachable shank. Fig. 6 is a frontendview of,-the shank shown in Fig. 5, the drill being shown in cross-section. Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the shank of a drill of larger diameter. Figs. 8 and 9 are end views of the shank of tools having different diameters. Fig. 10 is an end View of a chuck, the opposing jaws of which flare outwardly from the center; and Fig. 11 is an head and ezitending from its outer end to the base 4. The head is bored axially inward from the outer end, forming central guidegrooves 5 and 6 in the faces of thejaws, and suitable stops 7 for the shank of the tool are provided at the bases of the grooves. A sleeve 8 is threaded onto the jaws and the outer end 9 of the sleeve is conical and adapted to bear "against the tapering ends l0of the jaws for the purpose of forcing the latter inwardly against a tool-shank.

The tool-shanks in cross-section conform to the shapeof the grooved slot between the jaws, each shank, as clearly shown in Figs. 4 to 9, inclusive, having a central portion 11, the sides 12 of which are arcuate in form and adapted to fit within the grooves 5 and 6, and projecting laterally in opposite directions from the central portionare ribs or wings 13, adapted to enter between the flat faces 14 of the jaws.

It will be seenthat, when a tool-shank is placed within'the chuck the part 11, fitting withinthe grooves o-ando, centers the tool, while the faces 14 engage the wings 13 and turn the toolpositivelys When a boring-tool such as that shownin Fig. 7 is to be used,

the sleeve 8 is screwed inward upon the chuck-head, and the jaws'are thereby clamped tightly upon the shank of the tool. In using reamers, however, it is desirable to permit the reamer to adjust itself to the opening in which it is operating, and for this reason provision is made forholdingthe shank of a reamer loosely within the chuck.

In Fig. 3, 15 indicatesa reamer-shank hav-' ing the form above described ancl'having notches 16 in the wings 13, which are engaged by pawls or catches 17 upon springs 18, which springs, as shown in Fig. 3, are secured to the head at the base of the slot by screws 19,

and extend outwardly between and beyond the jaws, terminating in outwardly-curved ends 20. In Fig. 1 the springs are secured to the head by having their inner ends 21 bent toward each other and fitting within notches formed in the head. When the reamer-shank is placed within the chuck, the pawls l7 spring into the notches 16, and thereby lock the tool against withdrawal from the chuck. It is then unnecessary to clamp the jaws against the tool-shank for the reason that the tool cannot fall or be pulled out of the chuck without releasing the pawls, and the tool-shank will be positively driven by the engagement of the faces 14: with the ribs or wings upon the shank. As shown in Fig. 3, the sleeve 8 is not screwed inwardly, so as to bind against the jaws when the reamer is in use, and therefore the shank of the reamer fits loosely between the jaws, as illustrated in Fig. 4. The reamer may be readily re moved at any time by simply spreading the outer ends 20 of the spring-pawls with the fingers, thereby disengaging the pawls from the notches in the shank.

The boring-tools, as shown in Fig. 7, are not provided with notches, as it is desirable to clamp such tools firmly within the jaws, and it is unnecessary to provide other retaining devices. The diameter of the central part 11 of each toolshank is the same, but the depth of the ribs depends upon the diameter of the tool, as will be seen from an inspection of Figs. 8 and 9, which represent end views of drills of different sizes.

In order to hold drills of small diameter within the chuck, a detachable shank b is provided, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, said shank consisting of a part having the same general cross-section as the shanks of the larger tools and having a slot 22 extending inwardly from one end and centrally through the shank in the line of the ribs, thus divid ing the said part into two similar spring-jaws 23, which are united at one end. The part has an axial bore forming grooves 24, adapted to receive a small boring-tool 25. Notches 26 are formed in the ribs of the detachable shank and adapted to be engaged by the spring-pawls of the chuck. It will be seen that when the detachable shank is inserted within the chuck and the sleeve 8 screwed inward to clamp the jaws of the chuck upon the jaws of the detachable shank the drill will be firmly held in place. Owing to the engagement of the spring-pawls with the notches in the detachable shank it will be apparent that when the jaws of the chuck are released the drill may be removed without removing the shank, and a new drill may be inserted.

In Fig. 10 the faces 14 of the chuck-jaws are flared outwardly from the grooves instead of being parallel, as shown in the other figures of. the drawings. This construction for some reasons is preferable to the parallel arrangement of the jaws. The tool-shanks adapted for jaws of this form are provided with wings or ribs 13, which, as shown in Fig. 11, are wedge-shaped in cross-section and adapted to fit between the flaring faces of the chuck-jaws. This construction permits the wings to be made stronger by reason of the greater quantity of metal toward the outer ends of the wings.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1S

1. The combination with a chuck having movable jaws and a tool-shank having laterally-projecting wings or ribs constructed to interlock with and be turned by said jaws while loosely held therein, of means for retaining the shank within the chuck while fitting loosely within the jaws.

2. The combination with a chuck compris ing a pair of separated jaws having central longitudinal grooves in their opposing faces, and pawls arranged between said jaws, of a tool provided with a shank having a central portion adapted to fit within said grooves and laterallyprojecting wings adapted to be engaged loosely by the jaw-faces at either side of the grooves, said wings having notches therein adapted to be engaged by the pawls.

3. A chuck having jaws constructed to loosely interlock with parts of a tool-shank whereby the tool may be turned by the chuck, and one or more spring-pawls or catches secured within the chuck and extending outwardly beyond the end of the chuck.

4. Achuck having a pair of jaws provided with longitudinal grooves on their opposing faces, and one or more sprin g-pawls or catches secu red to the chuck and extending outwardly betweensaid opposing faces beyond the end of the chuck.

5. The combination with a chuck having jaws and a clamping-sleeve therefor and a tool having a shank provided with parts adapted to interlock with the chuck-jaws, of one or more springpawls secured within the chuck and extending outwardly beyond the end of the sleeve and adapted to engage and lock the shank against withdrawal from the chuck.

6. The combination with a chuck and a tool-shank having laterally-projecting wings or ribs adapted to interlock loosely with the chuck and notches in said wings, of springpawls arranged to engage said notches.

7. The combination with a chuck having jaws and means for compressing the jaws of a removable tool-shank having wings adapted to interlock with said jaws, said shank being longitudinally slotted and having a groove adapted to receive a tool, of means for retaining said shank within the chuck-jaws when the latter are relaxed.

8. The combination with a chuck comprising a pair of movable jaws having central longitudinal grooves in their opposing faces, within the chuck adapted to engage with said the faces of said jaws flaring outwardly from notches. to the grooves, of a tool having a shank provided In testimony whereof I affix my signature with a central portion adapted to fit within in presence of two witnesses.

5 said grooves and laterally-projecting wedge- JOHN JAMES KEARNEY.

shaped wings adapted to be engaged loosely Witnesses: by the flaring faces of the jaws, said wings F. S. JONES, having notches therein, and spring-pawls O. SOHAFER.

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